-'
.•<Life . : ^ ' s * ' ' i t i i - ; . . 4 " i » . i i i ' 3 - .. . .-^-i
Giao due y thirc bab^e mdifelreit^:, ^ cho hoc sinh tieu hoc & Viet N|lK(
i «sNguyen Vift Thanh' Traong Chinh trj tinh Dfing Thap.
Email: yietthanhb @gniail.com
Nh|n ngiy 10 thing 7 nam 2016. Chip nhgn dang ngay 23 thing9 ngm 2016.
Tom tit: M6i ttudng va bio vf mfli ttudng di vi dang limft van di dlMc e i flligidindi c h u ^ Vift Nam noi ritng dac bift quan ttoi. Chit lugng moi ttudilg cd f nghta to ldn ttong sy phat ttik ben vOng dii vdi cufc song con nguoi. Tnidc nhiing nguy co, fliich fliftc vi «, nhilm mfi ttudng Alien nhifn ngiy cing gia ting hifn nay, Vift Nam cin diy manh giao dvic f fliftc bio vf l A ttutog cho mpi ngufti dto, flc bift li lfta tuii hpc sinh con dang ngpi Bfn ghi iftii ttutog, thfng qua thyc hifn dong bf cic giai phip: dip lao, boi duSng trinh df chuyfn n!6n„phnoni;phte v i , ^ ning gitog day chp dfi ngu giao vifn; dii mdi nfi dung, phuong phip, chuang. trinh. giio te|
flnic bip vf rapi ttutog chp hpc sinh; giip dyc f thftc bip vf mfi tnrdng cho hpc sinh jing A^
vdi cac hp?t dfng giip dyc ngoii gid Ifn ldp; phat huy tinh tich eye, phft dfng, sing tjp caa,i^
smh Beu hpc ttong vifc hpc tip, ntog oao y flnic bio vf mfi tmdng.
Tft khfa: Giio dyc, f fliuc, bio vf mdi ttutog, hpc sinh tilu hpc.
Abstract; The environment and its protection have been issues pf speeiai interest wetldwideiSh general and m Viemam in particular. The quality pf the environment beara a mfflpr sigmflcancefa the sustamable development of human life. Given the mcreasing risks and diallenges of pollution' of the natural cnvuomnent, Viemam needs to prompte the educattpll pn Oie awareness s t environmental proteetipn for all of its citizens, especially schppl smdents: That is to be done A synchronous implementatipn pf varipus splutipns, ineluduig the ttaming and iittflier BaimngW professional expeittse, teacWng methpds and skUls fpr teachers, renewing flie contifc mettiodplpgics and cumcula on educating the students on flie awareness, integrating flip education of the awareness witti exttacunicular activities, and promoting Uie a c t i v e n B r F o a c t i v S ^ 3 creativity of pnmary school students in leaming and enhancing flieir awareness of enviroimeS
pFPteCUPn. ' • . Tf;fi5
Keywords; Educatipn, awareness, environmental proteetipn, primary schppl students. ' ' "-
1. Mft dau Nam, flieo h ^ t o cftu cia cic ti diftc bfa . , vf mfii tradng, 70% cfa ddng sfing, 45%
Hi?n nay, o nhiem moi ttudng li mft ttong vftng nglp nu*, 40% cic bii biin dS M i nhung van df mang tinh tota du. d Vift nhilm vi 70% dta ltag nghi ft nfng thfin
Nguyin Vift Thanh dtog fting tmde nguy co ft nUSm ne^itm
•tsng. Cftng voi dfi, flnh ttang nuoc biin liim nhip vfa dit liin; dit ttdng, doi nfti ttQc v i sy suy flioai efc ngnon gen dfng fliyc v|t dang cd chiiu hndng giatang.
Nhim khic phyc tinh trang « nhiim moi tnrong, d n ntog cao f fliftc bfa ve mfii tiudng cho mpi ngndi ttong dd d n cd y fliftc bfa vf mfli ttudng eho h<jc sinh tiiu hoe. Bii viit phfa tt'ch thyc trang vifc giio dyc y fliftc bfa vf mfii ttudng cho hoc sinh fliu hpc d nhi ttvdng, chi ra nhftng han che, bit d p cia nd; d i xult mft s i giii phip diy manh giio dyc y fliftc bfa vf mfii tmftng cho hoc sinh tiiu hoc hifn nay d Vift Nam.
2. Nhihig k i t q u i trong giao dyc f thftc bio vf moi tntdng cho biic smh tilu hyc Trong flifti gian qua, vifc xiy dyng nfi dung, ehuong ttinh v i tii lifu giio dyc f fliftc bio vf mfii ttiidng cho hpc sinh tiiu hoc ft Vift Nam cd nhftng tfin bf dfag ki, theo mft quy ttinh khi thing nhit, chat chf, vfta cSp nh|t hifn dji, vfta bim sit fliye tiln dit nvftc. Trfn Uiyc ti, d Vift Nam chua cd mfin hpc giio dyc f fliftc bfa vf mfii ttudng atog cho b | c tiiu hpc, chi cd sich giio dyc b|o vf mfi Oudng cia cic mon hpc chinh khda v i tii lifu giio dye bio vf mfii tiirdng IMng qua boat dfng giio dyc ngoii gid Ifn Idp. Vifc giio dyo f fliftc bio vf mfii tnjong cho hpe sinh tiiu Jipc chi dupc day tfch hgp, ling ghfp vio mft s i mfin hpc (nhn dao dftc, ty nhifn vi xl hfi, tifng Vift, khoa hpc, ljch sft v i dja ly...) vi giSp dyc y Uiftc bfa vf mfi ttudng flifng qua hoat dfng ngoii gift Ifn Idp.
NSi dung, chuang ttinh giio dyc f fliftc bfa vf mfii traong cho hgc sinh tiiu hpc ed flidi In?ng hgp ly, kiin fliftc co bin, d n fliift, tt'ch hgp vio cic mfin hpc khic phi hgp chuong tttah khfing chi dftng lai ft lai kiin fliftc CO bfa vf mfii ttuong v i bio vf mfii tnidng, mi cdn tao CO hfi d i hpc sinh tiin hgc bfc If khi nfag flm tdi, khim phi ty nhifn. Ben canh dd, giio vifn tiiu hpc v|n dyng lmh hoat nhiiu phuang phip day hpc hifn dai, day hpc "flieo hudng su pham ti'ch eye", kit hgp vdi phttong phip day hge ttuyfn Biing v i phttong tifn day hpc hifn dai.
Phan ldn dfi ngu lanh dao va giao vien cic ttuong tiiu hgc diu nhfn thftc dupc tim quan ttgng cua vifc giio dyc f fliftc bio vf mfi ttudng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc. Ltoh dao cic nhi tirudng chi ttpng nghifn cftu vi t i chfte qufa ttift chft ttuong, duftng lii cia Btog vi chuih sich, phip luft eia Nhi nuoc bfag nhiiu Mnh Uiftc nhu flii flm hiiu vf phip luat, v i mfii ttuftng, sinh boat chuyfn df, myfn ttuyin vifn gidi, hpp hfi dflng su pham... Da s i giio vifn cd nh|n Uiftc dung din vi mfli ttudng vi tira quan ttgng eua vife bio vf mfii tiudng, ttvdc bit l i hoat dfng gift gin, phdng ngfta, han ehi cic tic dfng xlu din mfli ttudng, ftng phti sy c i rafli ttudng, khic phyc fi nhilm, suy Uioii, cai fliifn, phyc hoi rafii tiudng... Hp y Uiftc dugc ring, mmh pbii cd hiiu biit siu rfng, cd ttinh df chuyfn siu d i ttuyen dat hit nfi dung giio dyc f fliftc bfa vf mfli ttudng cho hgc sinh, vi cd nhu flii mdi dat chat lugng vi hifu qui. Hp f fliftc ring, ttude nhftng nguy co tiim in, fliich fliftc vi chua ludng ttndc dugc vl vln nan fl nhicm rafii ttvdng, ttudc sy khan hiim vi can kift tii nguyfn fliien nhifn hifn nay flil vifc giio dye f Uiftc bto vf moi ttvdng phii bit
Khoa hpc xi hfi Vift Nam, se 11 (108)-2016 diu d lfta tuoi hpc sinh tiiu hgc. Hg t h ^ dngc rtog tinh ttang fi nhiem mdi tniftng l i do chiiih con nguoi giy ra. Tlnh ttang niy ngiy cfag trim trgng hon khi dto si tfag nhanh va nan ddi ngheo chna bi diy lui. Hg xic dinh dugc myc tifu giio dye, con dudng cd hifu qui nhit di giio dyc f thftc bio vf mfii ttudng cho hgc sinh tifu hgc fliflng qua mdn hgc chinh khda (nhu tiing Vift, dao dftc, khoa hgc, ty nhifn vi xi hfi, lich sft vi dia ly...). Hp nhfa thiy ring dn giio due y fliftc bio vf mfli tradng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc thflng qua boat dfing ngoii gift Ifn ldp nhu cic buii phit thanh mfag non, Uifing qua Bfi Thiiu nifn tifn phong Ho Chi Minh, thara quan danh lam thing cinh, di tteh ljch sft, tting vi chim sde eiy, nhit ric... Diiu niy mang lai hifu qui vl nd bi sung, efag ci kiin fliftc ly lufn di hpc d eic mfln hpc vi gdp phin hlnh Uitoh Uiii df, rta luyfn hinh vi, ky nfag bio vf mfli ttudng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc. Hg nh|n flily dn phii kit hgp chit chg gifta giio dye f Uiftc bio vf rafii ttvdng cho bgc smh flifing qua eic rafin hgc chinh khfia vi boat dfng giio dye ngoii gift Ifn Idp di bi sung kiin Uiftc gifta ly fliuyit vi fliyc Hen, gin hgc di dfii vdi hinh, nhi ttvdng gin vdi fliyc tiln.
Ciiio dyc y flifte bto vf rafii ttudng ttiflng qua cic mfin hgc chfnh khda vi ngoii gio Ifn Idp di ntog cao sy nhin fliftc cia hgc sinh ttong vifc bfa vf mfli ttvdng. Cic cm nhin chnng di hiiu ring mft ttong nhftng nguyfn nhto giy fl nhiim mfli ttudng li do sy Uiiiu hiiu biit cia con nguoi.
Cic em hgc sinh tiiu hgc cdn biit ling, bio vf mfii ttvdng khfing chi Ii gia mfii tnidng ttong ltoh, mi cfln phii gift dugc tii nguyfn Uiifn nhifn, giim fliiiu tic hai cfta bifn dfli khi hau. Phin Idn hgc sinh tiiu hgc da cd fliii df phfa dfli ttvdc hinh dfng giy
•Ailtti'inftitradiignhn vflt lit! b&BiiC' V& hoa, be cinh, bit chun, chft phi lijn^
tf<* cyc fag hf nhflng hinh vi tfch cyc bift v^mfii ttvdng trfni'dja bta tniftng vi ft ^ phirong. Cic em .cftn tliam gitt tr^g t ^ xanh ttong khufin vifn tniftng vi ta@^>ft&ii dgp cho ^nhi tradng,-" * it.:''".
Ba si hgc shfli tiiu hgcbiit flil hi@l>Mi dg phf phfa Vdi vifc e*al phi rftng; d&
rang liai nuong ray, virnhfag vifelim'dS cft tfc hai din mflt ftvdng, d&i diii nan ban hfa, 14 lyt, phi hoai rafti traftng ty nhifn."»j Da si hgc sinh ti& hgc budc diu <^ fli^
dg ding ain, rf rfag ttvoe cic hifn hnTtif phi dao dftc, vi pbam phiplu|t vi llnh vvfe mfii ttvdng vi cd ttoh cim trong sfag, liiii manh dii vdi quf hnong, dit nud6'trbft|
vifc bto vf mfii traftng.
Sy ty giic, ty nguyfn tham gia cio ttoaf dfng bio vf mfii traftng li d|c tiilag S n bto nhit cia hinh vi bfa vf mfli ttuftng tiS hgc sinh tfiu hgc, biiu hifn vi ni|t cim xiSc sv qufa tim cia cic em dii vdi mfli ttuftng ty nhifn. Cic cm di tfch eye hvdng ftng;
fliam gia cic phong ttio bfa vf mfii tiuftng do nhi traftng phit dfng. Ba si hgc stah tiiu hgc diu khing djnh iing di gdp phlh' bio vf mfli duftng fli d n cd hinh vi cythi nhv khflng vftt ric d sto tradng.
Trong nhihig nim qua cfc tmftng tiiu hgc ttfn pham vi toto quic di chi ttgng giio dyc cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc cd nh|(
ttiftc, Ulii df dfag din, f Uiftc ttich nhifni vi hinh thtoh hinh vi tfch cyc ttung vifi;
bto vf mfli ttudng, ding flidi, td fliii df Ifn to, phto dii nhflng htoh vi ci ttnh liiii fi nhilm mfli ttudng, giy tic hai XIB d&
mdi truftng.
Thflng qua cic mfln hgc chfnh khda, gifa vifn di kifn ttfi flivc hifn nhifm vy tfch hgp, ling ghfp nfi dnng giio dye f ttifte
Wo vf mdi ttnftng dio hgc sab; vi kiin fliftc ve mfii tiudng, v i bio vf n * Buong khflng nam gdi ggn trong mft. mfin hge ey ttlf m i nam ft cfc mfin hge nhn djo dftc, tieng Vift. ty nhifn v i xa hfi, my fliuit, khoa hgc, i m nhac, Ijtji sft v i dia ly. Moi mfin hgc ed nfi dung l i t phong phi v i ed the manh lifng ttong vifc giio dyc f ttnic bio vf mfli ttuong eho hpe sinh tiiu hgc.
Thflng qua boat dfing giio dyc ngoai gift Ifn ldp, cfc em cd CO hfi hiiu biit v i mfi fcuftng, bfa vf mfli ttuftng v i khim phi ty nhifn b i sung eho Men fliftc ttong chuang ttinh chftih khda. Cfc em d i cfag c i flifm kien flifte, mo rfng tti fliftc, i*n luyen ky ntog bfa vf mfii ttuftng, hinh ttiinh tfnh chi dfng,^stog tao, cfc ky ntog giii qnyit Cfc van d i v i mfii ttuftng v i 8 nhilm radi tmftng. Hoat dgng giio dyc ngoii gift Ifn l!^ cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc vf bto vf mfli tmdng ngiy etog da dang, phong phi v i mang lai hifu qui fliiet fliyc.
>Mn Chung, boat dfng giio dyc f fliftc bio vf mfli ttvdng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc d i d t ^ nhi tiuftng, giio vifn quan tim vi ftiin khai ttiyc hifn voi nhieu hinh Uiic, buftc dau d i mang lai hifu qui.
Nguyin Vift Thanh
3. NhOng h ^ chi trong gifa dyc f thftc hio vf mfl tnrftng cho hgc sinh Uiu hgc
Thtr nhat, triin khai chi tnrang, duang loi dia Dang, chinh sdch phdp lugl ctia Nha mtic ve vice gido due -y ihUc bao v4 mdi ineang cho hgc-sinh liiu hgc chua ddng bg vi chua kip Ihdi. Mic d i Dtog, Iflii nndc vi Bg Giio dye vi Dio tao da chu trpng din vifc ntog cap f Uiftc bto vf mfi ttudng cho hgc sinh tfiu hgc, nhung d nhien nhi ttuftng tiiu hgc, t i ehftc ttiin khai fliyc hifn
gifa dyc y ttiftc bfa vf mdi ttuong eho hgc sinh tiiu hgc (tft ldp 1 din ldp 5) chua ding bg, chua kjp flidi. Vi v|y, ddi ngu giio vifn v i hge smh tiiu hgc gap khfing ft khd khfa tnmg vife fliyc Men giio dyc f ttiftc bio vf mfli tniong cho hgc snih.
I W hai. ndng lire cua nhiiu gido viin ve vifc^ gida dgc y thuc bdo vi mdi tnrang cdn nhieu hgn chi. d mft s i ttuong tiiu bgc, trinh do cia dfi ngu giio vifn chua ding deu; mft bf ph|n giio vifn hgp ding ehua tim huyit vdi nghf, chua dugc bii duong kifn fliftc vf mfli ttudng v i bio vf mfli traftng, chua ti'ch luy v i c|p nhit kien fliftc mm ve mfii ttuftng vi bio vf mfii ttuong.
Bieu dd^dan tdi tinh ttang hgc sinh tiiu hgc fliieu kien ttiftc v i mfli ttuong vi bio vf mfii ttudng. ^Cflng tic dio tao, bii dudng kien fliftc v i mfli ttuftng vi bto vf mfii tradng cho giio vifn chua dugc tiin htoh fliudng xuyfn, nhiiu khi cfln mang tfnh hinh fliftc. Nhiin giio vifn chua chi dfng thara gia cic Idp tap huin kien thftc ve mfi tiudng, bio^vf raoi ttudng; chua biet cfch tfch hgp, ling ghep nfi dung giio dyc y Uiftc bio vf mfii ttuftng cho hpc sinb tifu hpc thflng qua cie mfln hpc chinh khda vi hpat dfng giio dyc ngoii gift Ifn ldp. Vifc soan gitog tt'ch hgp, ling ghfp nfi dung giio dyc bfa vf mfli ttudng cdn so sii, chua cd ttgng tim, ttgng diim, chua cy thf, chua ro^ rtag, cfln mang ti'nh chit chung chung, doi phd. Giio vifn chua Uiit sy Ii tam' guong stog ttxmg vifc bio vf rafii ttudng de hge sinh noi flieo. Vifc giio dyc f fliftc bio vf mfli tiudng cho hgc sinh cdn tto man, hinh Uiftc chua di siu vio ttgng tira.
Difu niy inh hudng khflng nhd din chit 'ugng v i hifu qua giio dyc f ttiftc bfa vf mfii tiuftng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc.
IChoa hpe x i hpi Vift Nam, s i 11 (108) - 2016 Thu ba, ngi dung, chmmg Irftift, phem^
phdp gido difc f thuc bdo vc mdi Iludng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc cdn nhieu bdt cgp:
Nfi dung, chuang trinh gifa dyc f thftc bfa vf mfli tradng cho lige sinh tiiu hpe eon chung chung, so sii, chua dat df siu kiin thftc mfii traftng v i bfa vf mfii truftng.
Tbdi lugng dinh cho viee gifa dye f thftc bio vf mdi tmdng qui ft. Ndi dung, chuang trinh giio dyc f thftc bfa vf mfii tniftng nang ne, giy i p lyc cho ca giio vifn v i hgc sinh.
Vifc dii mdi phuang phip giio due y thiic bto vf mfli traftng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc chua ttiyc sy chuyin bien. Phnong phip chi yiu dugc da s i gifa vifn sft dyng pho bicn trong vifc giio dyc f thftc bfa vf mfli ttuftng cho hgc sinh tiiu hge vln l i phuong phip trayin thing, ft gin vdi thyc tiln ddi sing x i hfi, nfag v i trang bi kien thiic eia mfln hgc m i chua ehi trgng giio dyc thii df, hinh vi, ky ntag song. Khi ntog sft dyng cflng n ^ f thflng tin trong day hpe ndi chung, gito dyc f ttiftc bfa vf rafii tmftng cho hgc sinh tfiu hgc ndi rifng cfta nhiiu gifa vifn cbn yiu.
Tlti tu, vice gido dttc y thic bao vp tndi tnrdng cha hgc sinh tiiu hgc a nhi trudng cdn mang ttnh hinh thttc, chiiu 1$, qua loa, xa rii tht/c tiin. Mft trong nhiing nguyfn nhfa cta bto khiin cho hgc smh tiiu hgc, phy huynh vi x i hfi xem nhp nfi dung giio dyc y fliftc bio vf mfli tradng l i do ngi dung bii gifag chua flift gin vdi Uiye tiin, fliiiu tinh hip din. Vifc ti'ch hgp, long ghfp nfi dung giio dyc f Uiftc bfa vf mfli ttuftng vio eic mfin bgc chuih khda cfln so sii, hinh fliftc, chiiu If. (3iio vifn ehi xem diy li yfu d u bit huge fliyc hifn tiung chvong ttinh mi khftng xem dd l i thft sy cin fliiit vi quan ttung. Vifc fliyc hifn bii gifag
flftif pg/!(«d Mfa -hgft' a O h ' k h d a - c W i d f t ^ duj Hi nghifm flSc, ttuiu Sfag S^
Mftisi tradng cfin xein n ^ dung giio dyt;^
thife b i o vf mfii tniftng l i phan phy, I d i ^ f
^tlfa trgng. Nhflng boat dfng giio d y c ^ thftc bfa vf ttifii tmftng thfing qua giio ilge ngoM gift ifn ldp chua cd sy pbii hgp c l ^ che gifta n h t tiuftng v i cic doto flii; i ^ khic, vifc ttiiiu Men fliftc COng nhu ^ ning c i a dfi ngft n i y l i rio cto A ldn ttong vHc gifa dye f fliiic b i o ^ mfti tmftng cho hgc siftb-iifn thuftng hiftf g i i khfing eao*
Mft s i a h i tiudBg x i y dyng k i ho|eh tk chfte cic phong tti# chl mfag hinh flifip dii phd, chiiu if; fflin' flftidln tdi flnh tr?li|
mft bf ph|n khfing' nhft hgc sinh ttift ftj khflng tham gia ho|e chl thfai gia vi sg bj ttft diim ttii dua n&i kit qui cic phong ttio v i hfi thi chna thft sy mang 1^'^iiifii qui cao. :• i-n.
4. Giii p h i p t i n g cirftng giio dyc f thfte b i o vf nidi truftng cho hgc sinh tilu hgc.
Thti nhdt, dio tge, bii dudng vi trinh'.!^
chuyin mdn, ngi tiung. phuang phdp vi It^
ndng giing dgy cho 0i ngS gfdo viinjgido due fthAc bao v^ mdi truing .
Cflng tic dfa tao, b i i duiing cho giio vifn tfiu hgc d n t | p ttung vio nhftng dfi dung CO bto: ntog cao tii thftc, d i i m S pbuong phip gifag day, rfn luyfn dao ifftc nghi nghifp v i ntog cfa ttich nhifm x i hfi. Cfc ttudng tfiu hgc d n xiy dyng k i hoach tip huin ttiin khai ey flii, riS ilflg kiin flnic ve mfli tiuftng, bfa vf mfli ttvdng, phuong phip, ky ntag v i cic b i ^ phip giio dyc f fliftc bfa vf mfli ttuftng chft dfi ngft giio vifn, ding Uifti, cic ttuftng 92
Ngnyin Vijt Thanh tien hgc d n chgn nhflng gifc vifn cd ttinh
dp, cd nfag lyc, DU Hi d i (&) ^ , b i i dndng fl*ih nhftng ngndi giio vifn cd kiin ttifte ve mdi tmdng chuyen siu, cot cfa hojc ttft fliinh chuyfn gia vf lihh vuc mfii tradng.
Bfn eanh vifc ^ o tao, b i i dnong v i nfi dmg, giio vien d n dugc trang bi nhftng phnong phip day hge phu hgp, gim:
phuong phip tfch hgp, ling ghfp kiin fliftc giio due y Uiftc bfa vf mfli tmftng cho hgc Slhh tiin hge thfing qua cic rafin hgc vi fliflng qua boat dfng ngoii gift Ifn Idp, phuong phip hdi dip, phuong phip ttnc guan, phuong phip flifa Into v i ttd ehoi, phuang phip ngoai khda... Cic phuong phip niy khfing nhflng giip hgc sinh kiira nghifm cfc kiin thftc d i hge ttfn ldp, mi cfin di siu ttm hiiu bfa chit cia hifn mgng, cia mfii tmftng, hieu raii quan he tfc dflng qua lai gifla con ngufti vdi rafii tmdng, tft dd, giip hgc sinh tiiu hgc cd f fliftc, ttich nhifm tiong vifc bio vf rafii tradng.
Thtr hai, ddi mdi ngi dung, chuang trinh gidg dgc y Ihtrc bao vc mdi Irudng cho hgc sinh tiiu hpc
Tmde hit d n khic phyc cich lim d t khic theo tiing b | c hgc; phii xiy dyng npi dung, chvong tilnh giio dye f fliftc bio vf mfi ttuftng raft cich ting ttii nhit quto tii bic mim non vi din b | c phi thflng (tft ldp 1 din ldp 12).
• Xiy dyng nfi dung, chuong ttinh giio dvc y fliftc bio vf mfli tradng cho hgc sinh tieu hgc flieo hudng ttog cudng tfch hgp, ling ghfp mft s i nfi dung gin giing nhau, cd lifn quan chit che eia eie mfln hpc vi heat dfng ngoii gift Ifn Idp, ttinh sy ttftng l|p vi quan tiung hon l i hlnh fliinh nfag lyc ting h w ttong nhfn fliuc vi cich giai quyit cic vln di ve rafli ttudng hifn tai cua cufc sing.
Thir ba, doi mdi phirang phdp gido dgc
^ thuc bio vi mdi truang cho hoc sinh tiiu hoc
D i i mdi manh mf phuong phip day v i hpe giio due f fliftc bio vf mdi ttudng flieo hudng chuyin tft lfii ttuyen fliy mft chiiu, ghi nhd miy mdc sang t|p ttung day cich hpe, cich suy nghi v i ty hgc, ty ttm tdi, ty khim phi, phit huy tfnh tfch eye, chu dgng, sfag tao v i liy ngufti hgc lira ttung tira, giio vifn chi i i nguoi huftngdinggimd.
IQii dii mdi phuong phip giio dyc f fliftc bfa vf rafii ttudng cho hgc sinh tfiu hgc ttung cae gift hgc chi'nh khda, giio vifn cto kit bgp hii hfla gifta cic phuong phip tiuyen ttiing vdi phuong phip day hgc hifn dai, can ban chi phuong phip ttuyen thing ttieo lfi dfc thoai mfit chiiu, d n tfag cudng cie phnong phip thto lu|n nhdm, xft ly ttnh huing; d n ttiay dii m duy tii lly ngufti day Iim trung tam sang lly nguoi hpc lira trung tim.
Thtr lu, gido dgc f lhic bio vf moi Irudng cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc thdng gua cdc hogt dong gido dgc ngoii gid lln lip
Ttog eudng boat dpng giio dyc ngoii gift Ifn Idp. Diiu dd se gdp phan cing ci kiin Uiftc di hpc chihh khda, md rfng tti thuc, rfn luyfn ky ntog bfa vf mfli ttuftng thflng qua sy ttao dii, giao tfip ttong tap flif vi gifta tip Uii vdi xi hfi; tii dd, hlnh thtoh cho hgc sinh tiiu hgc ti'nh chi dfng, sing tao, cic ky nfag khi ntog giii quyet cic van di vf mfli ttuong vi fl nhiira mfli ttudng.
^ Hoat dfng giio dye ngoii gift Ifn ldp d tieu hgc cin phong phi. IChic vdi nhftng gift bgc ttfn ldp, cic boat dfng giio dyc ngoii gift Ifn Idp d tfiu hgc cd tt'nh md, cd khflng khi sfli dfng, ty do vi phit huy u'nh u'ch cyc, chu dgng cia bto thto moi hpc sinh. Do vay, boat dgng niy sf tao dugc sy
Khoa hpc xa hfi Vift Nam, s i 11 (108)-2016 hiing thi v i tham gia tn nguyfn, hfa hftng cia cic em trong cfing tic bfa vf mfii tnidng. Mat khic, niu giio dyc f thftc bfa vf mfii traong ttong gift len ldp chft yfu trayfn thy Idin thftc vf iy thuyit thi cic hoat dfing giio dyc ngoii gift ien ldp se faofa thien khi ning boat dfng thyc tfin, bifn nhan thftc cia hgc sinh tifu hgc thinh hinh dfng giip cii tao mfli tmftng xung quanh. Hoat dgng giio dyc ngoai gift ifn ldp cdn l i diiu kifn ttiuin lgi v i phi hgp vdi nhu d u thara gia boat dfing tap thi cia hpc sulfa tteu fagc. Cfc fainh ttiftc phong phi eia faoat dfng giio dye ngoii gift Ifn ldp giip cho vifc chuyin tii cic nfi dung giio dye, ^ c bift l i giio dyc bfa vf mfii ttudng den hgc sinh tfiu hgc mfit eich nhg nhfag, ty nhifn v i falp din,
Thu nam, trang bi phuang tifn vdt chit -
^ thugt can thiet phtic vg cho vice gido dgc f thiec bdo vc mdi tnrdng
Ban giira hifu nhi tiuftng d n dfng vifn, khuyin khich vi tao dieu kifn flinto lgi vi v|t chit - ky fliu|t efag nhu thfti gian de giio vifn dugc thara gia dio tao ntog cao ttinh df ngoai ngft, tin hgc, kiin ttiftc vi ly lufn day hgc, kiin Uiftc kfaoa bgc v i mfii traftng, bio vf mfli traftng Trfn co sft nim vftng nfi dung, phuong phip, ntag lyc vi ky ntog gitog day, giio vifn cin kit hgp cic phuong tifn day bgc hifn dai.
5 . K i t I u | n
Hifn nay, vin de bto vf moi tniftng chua dugc xem l i mgt mfln hgc ft cic d p hgc phi ttifing, mdi chi dvgc ling ghep ttong cic mfin sinh bgc, giio dyc cflng dto, dja ly vi mft so tift hgc ngoai khda. Niu ttiin khai ttiyc faif n giio dye f Uiftc bfa vf mfli tiudng dugc Ufn fatab thudng xuyfn, lifn tyc, bin bi, ttii se phit huy duge tt'nh tfch
cyc, tv gifa cia hgc sijdi ti&lhgft tn»%hi|i tip, iftn luyfn, qua dd nfag cfa y ttiftc A t hgc smh ttong vifc bfa «f nfii t i a f t n g t ] ^ gin hfah tfifli xanh. , . • -J T i i lifu tham khio. > ' ' [11 NguylnNhuAn^l2),^dlDT^iiaii^^i^^^
due bdo Vf mdt iruang dig suih vien. ^ hpc sir phgm chuyen ngdnh gido dtfc lieu hgc, L n ^ &
tien si Giao d|ic hpc, V i ^ Khoa .hgc Xjifioi^
Vi5tNam,HaNfi ' [2] Djng ThUy Anh, Phan Tbi t i c , I * Thj Nhmg
(2008), Guto dgc bdo vd indi Irvdng Iraag m ^ Oido d^ cdng ddn tivng hgc oor A>, Nxli'GiSb
avio,aNfi.
[3] LiwngThtBiiih,NgujraiTh5Cftn8leli,Ngl#i Tbl QuySn, Phan HjnC Aiih,<atl Thi i i g Nhnng (2013), HUdng i& Ihiid'Him-hdiit^g gido dtfc bao vfinM trtrdng ehatri Mdmmm, NxbGiiodycVi5tNani,Hi5Nfi. ..! i^. p [4) B f , G i J o d \ i c v i B l a t g o ( 2 0 ( ) 5 ) , J ^ } ^ 4 ^ c i f c
ngi dung bdo vf mdi truang vdo hd lhdng:,0g.
dgc qudc tldn,i^^Aa.
[5] Bf Giio dvc v4 Bto 190(2007), Tai i % l § i « ( A - Hgi thdo Vf gido dgc bdo vf mdi tnidiig,tirm nhd tnrdng (C4c tinh bic mi&i Trang), Ngh$ An.
[61 Bg CKic dgc v i DSo 190 (2010), Sdch gido dgc bdo vd nidi tnidng irong mdn dgoddce^^
bgc, HiNpi.
[71 Cdc Cfyig udc gudc levibdovdmdi Itiidng (1995) (Vijt - Anh), Nxb Cblhh hi qajc gh »S»
UifcHkNgi
[8] NguySn HOu Chi&n, U Hoing Vl{« (2012);
(jido dvc mdi tntdng. Nxb D^i hgc C ^ Tiio;
Can Tho.
[91 Ph9niThinhDung(1999),'M6itni6ng!inh,aiSi - v i n d^ cia mgi ngudi, mgi nhi", T9P chi t ^ dgc If bign, sd 3.
m Bili\^Di!ng(Ch4nbi|ni),Ngny&iNbiiAn,'^
mnh, Ngi^fii Dunng Tni, Dto Khang (20iBl
"Tdi lieu hirdng d^ gidng dgy vd hgc l^vigm i/c moi ttudng 6 taring tieu hgc cdc dlii ii&
Ttang", linftngDji hpc Vmh, Nghj An.