THlTC TRANG PHAP LUAT VIET NAM VE CHUYEN GIAO NGU6l DANG CHAP H A N H AN PHAT TU
N G U Y E N N G O C HA'*' P H A M D i r C C H I N H ' " '
Tom tit. Bai viet pban ticb mgt so kbia canb lien quan den thpc tr^ng phap lu$t \ let ^^"^
ve chuyen giao ngUdi dang ch&'p hknh an phat tii. thdng qua dd kien nghi mpt sd giai phap nham hokn thien cO sd phap ly ve chuyen giao nguai dang ch&'p hknh an ph^t tU d Viet A'"" trong giai do^n hi$n nay.
Tifkboa: .Sguni dang chk'p bknb an phat tit; chuyen giao; d&n do. tUOng trp tU phap hinh sU.
Abstract: The paper analyzed Vietnamese laws on the transfer of prisoners in order to propose solutions to improve the legal foundation of the transfer of prisoners in Vietnam in the current period.
Keywords: Prisoner; transfer: extradite: criminal law support.
NgM nb$n bki: 11/11/2019; Ngky sda bai: 31/12/2019; Ngky duyet d&ng bki: 27/02/2020.
Mdi d a u
Trong t i n h hinh hien nay, boat ddng ehuyen giao ngUdi d a n g chfi'p hfinh a n p b a t tfl gifla Viet N a m vdi nflde ngofii vfi ngfldc lai d a n g dat r a nhieu ddi hdi vdi phfip l u a t thflc dinh. Do vay, viee k h a o s a t thUe t r a n g cd sd p h a p ly ve c h u y e n giao ngudi d a n g chfi'p hfinh fin p h a t tu, ehi r a nhiJng tdn tai. vUdng m i c vfi dUa r a efic giai phfip k h i c p h u c la ddi hdi cfi'p t b i e t eua thflc tien vfi mue tieu bfii viet nay.
1. T i n h h i n h p h a p l u a t V i e t N a m v e c h u y e n g i a o ngflcrt d a n g c h a p h a n h a n p h a t t u
T r o n g q u a t r i n h giao lflu hdi n h a p quoc tc. xua't hien t i n h t r a n g ngudi nUdc ngoai (cdng d a n nudc ngoai vfi ngUdi k h d n g qud'c tich) p b a m tdi tai Viet X a m boae edng dfin \ ' i e t Xam p h a m tdi tai eac qud'c gia k h a e hi Tda fin tuyen xfl p h a t tfl ed thdi b a n hoac tfl c h u n g thfin. Xhieu ngUdi p h a m tdi nfiy cd n h u c i u dupc cha'p hfinh a n p b a t tfl t a i c b i n h quoc gia hp m a n g
qud'c tieh. Tfl do xua't h i e n n h u c i u c i n e h u y e n giao ngfldi d a n g chfi'p hfinh a n p h a t tfl gifla cfic quoc gia. C h e d i n h c h u y e n giao ngfldi d a n g chfi'p hfinh fin p h a t t u da dfldc h i n h t h a n h nhfim t a o dieu kien eho ngfldi p h a m tdi bi xxt p h a t t u ed thdi b a n boae t u e h u n g t h a n , d a n g cha'p h a n h a n p h a t t u t a i qud'c gia k h a c hoac t a i Viet N a m cd cd h d i dfldc t i e p t u c cha'p h a n h p h i n h i n h p h a t cdn lai e u a m i n h t a i Viet N a m h o a c t a i qud'c gia m a hp m a n g qud'c tich hoac cd gia d i n h h o a c ngUdi t h a n s i n h song, vi mue dieh t a i hofi n h a p xfi bdi t b a n b cdng.
N h u vfiy, b a n cha't eua viec c h u y e n giao ngfldi d a n g chfi'p h a n b fin p h a t t u la b o a t ddng t b i hfinh a n h i n h su ed ye'u to nude ngofii h a y m d t b o a t ddng hdp t a c qud'c t e t r o n g to' t u n g h i n b su. N h u n g viec '"' TS„ Pho Truong khoa phu trach Khoa Lufit H vien An ninh nhfin dan. BQ Tong an.
'"» ThS , Giang vien Khoa Lufit. Hoc vien An ni h nhfin dfin. Email: hunganinh@gmail com.
Q NHAN L ^ KHOA HOC XA HOI S6 7-2020
XGUYEX XGOC HA. PHAM DlTC CHIXH chuyen giao ngUdi dang chap hfinh an
phat tfl cd su khfic biet cd ban vdi bdat dpng thi hfinh fin hinh su khac. Viec chuyen giao ngUdi dang chfi'p hanb an phat tfl xufi't pbat tfl muc dieh nhan dao, khdng mang tinb cUdng che cao nhfl boat dpng thi hfinh fin hinh sfl thdng thfldng.
Viee chuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hfinh an phat tfl ddi hdi phai cd sfl thd'ng nhfi't gifla qud'c gia chuyen giao vfi qud'c gia tiep nhan cflng vdi sfl ddng y ciia ngfldi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl. Dong thdi, mdi qud'c gia khae nhau lai cd quy dinh khae nhau ve nguyen tfic, thfim quyen, trinh tfl, thu tue...
0 Viet Nam, viec chuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hanh an phat tfl da dfldc hinh thfinh trong nhflng nam gin dfiy nbfim thflc hien ehinh sfich nhan dao va cu the hofi ehu trfldng tfing cfldng hpi nbfip quoc te tren tfi't ca cac linh vflc ciia Dang Cpng san Viet Nam vfi Nba nudc Cpng hoa xa hpi chu nghia Viet Nam. De tao ed sd phap ly cho boat ddng tren, he thd'ng phap lufit qud'c gia vfi dieu Udc qud'c te song phUdng va da phUdng ve chuyen giao ngudi dang chfi'p hanh fin phat tu dfi tflng budc dupe tao dflng.
Tinh de'n dau thfing 5 nfim 2019, theo thd'ng ke cda Cue Canh sat quan ly trai giam, cd sd giao due bfit budc, trfldng giao dfldng - Bd Cdng an, da ed tren 1.400 pham nhan la ngUdi nUde ngofii thupc 30 qudc tich khac nhau (bao gom ea ngfldi khdng cd qud'c tich) dang cha'p hfinh fin hinh sfl tai cfic ed sd giam gifl tren lanh thd' Viet Nam; so' pham nhan dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl la tren 500 ngUdi. Trong dd, xem xet dfie diem nhan than eua eac pham nhan nay cd th^ thfi'y. sd' Iflpng cfic pham nhan nam lfi chii yeu. Ve tdi danh,
S< 7-2020
da sd eac pham nhfin bi ke't fin lien quan de'n cfic tdi pham ve ma tuy va kinh te.
Ve quoc tich. sd' pham nhan raang quoc tieh Lfio vfi Trung Qud'c (bao gdm ca Dai Loan, Hong Kdng, Ma Cao) lfi nhieu nha't.
tiep den la pham nhfin qud'c tich Ni-gie- ri-a, Cara-pu-cbia, O-xtrfiy-li-a.
Theo sd' lieu thd'ng ke den thang 7 nfim 2019, vdi tu each la Cd quan trung UPng ve chuyen giao ngfldi hi ke't fin phat tfl. Bd Cdng an da tiep nhfin vfi xfl ly 61 ho sd yeu ciu chuyen giao phara nhfin tfl Viet Nara ra nflde ngofii (chu yeu lfi cac nflde: O-xtray-lia. Hfin Qud'c. Lfio).
Trong sd' eac yeu ciu chuyen giao neu tren, Bd Cdng an da thflc hien ehuyen 16 pham nhfin cho phia nflde ngofii; efic Tda fin cd thim quyen da ra 07 Quyet dinh thi hfinh quyet dinh ehuyen giao phara nhfin eho nflde ngofii. Cac pham nhfin da dflpc chuyen giao ehu yeu pham cae tdi ve ma tfly.
Theo sd' lieu thd'ng ke cua Uy ban Xhfi nfldc ve ngfldi Viet Nam d nflde ngofii, tinb de'n thfing 5 nfira 2019 cd hdn 5 trieu ngfldi Viet dang lam an, sinh sd'ng, lao dpng, bpc tap tai 103 nfldc va vflng lanh tho. Da sd' cdng dan Viet Nam ludn tufin thu phap lufit nfldc sd tai. Tuy nhien, vfin ed mpt sd' lupng ngUdi Viet Nam dfi vi pham phap Iuat vfi hi ke't an phat tu d efic quoc gia dd. Hien nay, theo so' lieu cua Cue Lfinb sfl - Bp Ngoai giao ed bdn 4000 ngUdi Viet Nam dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tu cd thdi ban, ehung thfin hoac cae hinh phat tUdc tu do khac d nUdc ngoai, tap trung phin ldn tai tai Trung Quoc (bao gom ca Dai Loan, Hong Kdng, Ma Cao), Cpng bda Sec. VUdng qud'c Cam-pu-chia, Cpng hda Lien bang Dflc. Tinb den thfing 5 nfim 2019. Bd Cdng an da nhan dfldc
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC X A H O I Q
THUC TRANG PHAP LUAT VIET X.\M VE CHU^'EN GIAO..
tren 16 de nghi cua phia nUdc ngoai ve viec chuyen giao cdng dan Viet Xam dang chfi'p hanh an phat tfl d nflde ngoai ve Viet Xam de tiep tuc chap hanh hinh phat, trong dd cd ddi tfldng lien quan de'n to chflc khiing bo quoc te. cd ddi tUdng la dd'i tupng truy na cua Viet Xam. Viet Nam dfi tien hfinh tiep nhfin 04 pham nhfin dau tien tfl Vudng quoc Anh ve Viet Nam de tie'p tuc cho chfi'p hfinh fin. Cac pham nhan nfiy deu hi Tda fin ed tham quyen eiia Vudng qud'c Anh tuyen hinh phat tfl ehung thfin ve tdi giet ngfldi. Qufi trinh ehuyen giao khdng ap dung cfic bien phfip chuyen doi hinh phat; de'n nay.
ehua pham nhan nfio dupe fip dung cae hinh thfle giam fin, tha tu trUdc thdi ban.
6 Viet Nam hien nay, ed sd phap ly cho boat ddng chuyen giao ngudi dang chfi'p hanb an phat tu dUde quy dinh trong nhieu vfin ban pbap ly. Trong Hien phap nfim 2013, Bd lufit hinh sfl (BLHS) nfira 2015 sfla doi, bo sung 2017. Lufit Tbi hfinh fin hinb sfl nfim 2010, Lufit Dfic xfi nfim 2010, Luat Dieu Udc qud'c te nam 2016. Luat Qud'c ticb Viet Nam nam 2008 (sfla doi, bo sung nam 2014). Luat Nhap canb. xua't canh. qua canb, cfl tni cua ngfldi nfldc ngoai tai Viet Nam nam 2014.
Lufit Cu trfl nfim 2006 (sfla doi, bo sung nam 2013). Luat CP quan dai dien nude Cdng hda xa hdi chu nghia (CHXHCN) Viet Nam d nUdc ngoai nam 2009. Luat Cdng an nhan dan nfim 2018, Luat To chUc Tda an nhan dan nam 2014. Lufit To chflc Vien kiem sfit nhfin nam 2014, Lufit To' chflc cd quan dieu tra hinh su nfim 2015. Lufit Thi hfinh tam gifl, tam giam nfim 2015... deu ed eae quy pham dieu chinh boat dpng chuyen giao, tie'p nhan hoac tiep tuc thi hfinh fin hinh su tai Viet
Q NHAN life KHOA HOC XA HOI
Nam. Dfie biet la cac quy dinh lu'n q"«"
de'n viec ra quyet dinh tiep nhfin, chuyen giao/tiep tuc thi hfinh an eua tofi J"^ ^°
tham quyen hofic quyet dinh chuyen doi hinb pbat, quye't dinh d$c xa. tha tu trUde thdi ban, efic vfi'n de ve che do an, mac, d cua pham nhan va ca nhflng quy dinh lien quan de'n pham nhfin chet, mfit tieh, bd trd'n...
Xufi't phfit tfl tinh cbfi't dfic thu eiia boat ddng chuyen giao ngfldi dang ebfip hanh an phat tfl, nen che dinh nfiy d Viet Nam dang dflde quy dinh tap trung tai Chfldng V Lufit Tfldng trd tu phfip (TTTP) nfim 2007 (Chuyen giao ngUdi dang cha'p hfinh hinh phat tfl), tfl Dieu 49 den Dieu 60;
boat ddng nfiy dong thdi dfldc quy dinh trong Bd luat Td'tung binh sfl nfim 2015 tai P h i n thfl tam, cac Chfldng XXXV va XXXVI, tfl Dieu 491 den Dieu 508 va Thdng tfl hen tich so 01/2013/TTLT-BCA- BTP-BNG-VKSNDTC-TANDTC ngfiy 22/02/2013 eua Bp Cdng an, Bp Tfl phap, Bp Ngoai giao, Vien kiem sat nhfin dan td'i cao va Tda fin nhan dan td'i cao hfldng dan viec tie'p nhan, chuyen giao, ti§'p tuc thi hanh an dd'i vdi ngfldi dang cha'p hanh an phat tfl.
Ben eanh do, de ed the hdp tac vdi cd quan cd tham quyen eua nfldc ngofii trong boat ddng ehuyen giao ngUdi dang chfi'p hanb an phat tfl, Viet Nam da gia nbfip 3 Dieu udc qud'c te da phUdng ed quy dinh ve chuyen giao ngUdi dang chfi'p hfinh fin phat tfl, gom: Cdng udc qud'c te ve ehd'ng budn ban bfi't hdp phfip nfim 1988 (cd hieu lUc vdi Vi^t Nam ngay 04/11/1997); Cdng Udc cua Lien hdp quoc ve chd'ng tdi pham cd to chflc xuyen qudc gia nam 20Q0 (cd hieu lue vdi Viet Nam tfl ngay 8/ll/2oi2i- Cdng fldc cua Lien hdp quoc ve chonp
sti 7-2020
XGLTEX XGOC HA, PHA.M DUC CHIXH tham nhung nflm 2003 (cd hieu lUc vdi
Vi^t Nam tfl ngay 18/9/2009). Viet Nam cting ky ket 14 Dieu fldc quoc te song phUdng c6 quy dinh ve ehuyen giao ngUdi dang cha'p hanh an phat tfl (sd Ueu tinh de'n 29/07/2019); dfl kie'n se ky ke't cac hi?p dinh chuyen biet nay vdi tfi't ea cac quoc gia vfi vflng lanh thd cd quan he hpp tac vdi Viet Nam.
Ve ed ban, he thd'ng phfip lufit Viet Nam ve ehuyen giao ngfldi dang chfi'p hanh an phat tfl da cd ban hinh thanh, dap flng dflde nhu cau dieu chinh boat dpng nfiy. Nhflng tren thfle te, dang ndi len 2 ton tai cd ban lien quan de'n che dinh chuyen giao ngfldi dang chap hanb an phat tfl ddi hdi phai dfldc giai quyet.
cu the (1) Nhieu npi dung eiia Luat Tudng trd tu phfip nam 2007 chUa phu hpp vdi phap lufit qud'c te, thdng le qud'c te vfi cac dieu fldc qud'c te ma Viet Nam la tbanb vien (2) Nhieu vin de phat sinh tfl thflc tiln gay khd khan cho viec thflc bien boat dpng ehuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hanh an phat tfl ehfla dfldc phfip lufit bda.
2. Kien nghi giai p h a p hoan thien cd sd p h a p ly ve c h u y e n giao ngfldi dang chap h a n h an p h a t tu 6 Viet Nam trong giai doan hien nay
Tfl thfle tidn phan tich tren. ddi hdi nhu ciu phai ra ddi mdt dao lufit rieng biet ve chuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hfinh an phat tu. Dao lufit nay cin tap trung giai quyet 6 vfi'n de eu thd ve boat ddng ehuyen giao ngfldi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl d Viet Nam. bao gom:
Thd nha't. Luat TTTP dfldc ban hanb nam 2007 dieu chinh bd'n (04) linh vflc khac nhau. ed pbam vi dieu chinh, ddi tflpng dieu ehinh, mue dieh vfi tinh chat, ban cbfi't khac nbau gdm TTTP ve dan sfl,
s i 7-2020
TTTP ve hinb sfl, dfin dp vfi chuyen giao ngudi dang chfi'p hfinh binh phat tfl. Khi ban hfinh Lufit TTTP nfim 2007. nhfi Ifim lufit da "dong nha't" boat ddng chuyen giao ngfldi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl (pham nhfin) thfinh mdt boat ddng TTTP (mang tinh cfldng che nhfim thflc hien quyen lUe Xha nUdc) trong khi mue dich ehinh eua ehuyen giao pham nhan lfi nhan dao, dUde thuc hien trong giai doan thi hfinh an hinh sfl, dd'i tupng lfi pham nhfin ngUdi Viet Nam d nUde ngofii, hofic ngUdi nUde ngofii, ngUdi khdng quoc tich d Viet Nam hi xfl phat tfl ed thdi han hofic tfl chung thfin, dang chap hanh an, cd nguyen vpng dflde tiep tue chap hanh phin hinh phat cdn lai tai da't nflde ma bp mang qudc tich. Trong bd'n linh vflc ma Luat TTTP nam 2007 dieu ehinh cd hai linh vuc cd trinh tfl, thu tuc vfi ndi dung de hi "dfinh dong" hdn ca lfi quy dinh ve dfin dp tai ChUdng IV va chuyen giao pham nhfin tai ChUdng V do cac quy dinh cua Lufit TTTP nam 2007 chua lam ndi bat ve ban cbfi't cua hai boat dpng nfiy hofin tofin khac nhau d chd dfin dp mang
"tinh cUdng cbe" rfi't cao trong khi chuyen giao pham nhan la "sU thoa thuan". Vi vfiy, thfle tiln dfi xay ra tinh trang cd quan, ngfldi fip dung phap luat dfi cd sfl nham lfin gifla quy dinh ciia hai boat dpng nfiy va ra quyet dinb khdng ehinh xae, thfim chi vi pham phfip Iuat. Xgay cbinh trong ndi dung quy dinb ve chuyen giao ngfldi dang chfi'p hfinh hinh phat tfl tai Chfldng V Lufit TTTP eung dfi hoc Id rfi't nhieu bfi't cap, chfla phfl hdp vdi thflc tien nhfl sau:
- Thufit ngfl ve dd'i tupng dUde chuyen giao chUa ed sU thd'ng nhfi't gifla Lufit TTTP 2007 vfi cac Dieu fldc quoc te
NHAN Li;t KHOA HOC X l HOI Q
T H l ' C TR.\NG PHAP LUAT M E T X.AM \ E CHUYlix GL^O..
(DL'C^Ti c h u y e n n g a n h vfi cae d a o lufit k h a c e u a Viet .Xam cd lien q u a n . Cu t h e : Lufit T T T P quy d i n h ddi tflpng dupc c h u y e n giao lfi "ngUdi d a n g chfi'p hfinh a n p h a t tfl". t r o n g cac hiep dinh hpp tfic song phUdng vdi nude ngoai lai sfl d u n g t h u a t ngfl "ngfldi hi ke't fin p h a t tu"; Bp lufit To"
t u n g b i n h sfl nfim 2015 tbi sU d u n g t h u a t ngfl "ngfldi d a n g chfi'p h a n h fin p b a t tu".
Ve thdi b a n cdn lai p h a i chfi'p h a n b a n cua ngfldi dfldc chuyen giao, L u a t T T T P quy d i n b ngfldi hi ket a n p h a t tu cdn p h a i c h a p h a n h it nha't 01 n a m , t r o n g trfldng hdp dac biet p h a i cdn it nha't 06 t h a n g . Tuy nhien, t r o n g h a u b e t cac hiep d i n b song phfldng ve ehuyen giao ngfldi hi ket a n p h a t tu rafi Viet N a m dfi ky ke't vdi cfic nflde deu quy dinh ngfldi hi ke't fin p h a t tfl cdn p h a i chfi'p hfinh it nha't 01 n a m , trong trfldng hdp dac biet cd t h e dfldi 01 n a m do cfic ben thd'ng nhfi't.
- Co sfl x u n g dot ed b a n gifla quy d i n h ciia Lufit T T T P nfira 2007 eiia Viet N a m vdi n h i e u quy dinh ciia phfip lufit nflde ngofii dfin den viee bdp t a c t r o n g b o a t ddng chuyen giao vdi nude ngofii khd ed t h e thflc hien dupc nhfl: dieu kien cd sfl dong y cua ngfldi hi ket fin p h a t t u Ifi n g u y e n tac q u a n trpng nhfi't de bao d a m mue dich nhfin dao eiia b o a t ddng e h u y e n giao theo quy dinh cua p h a p I u a t Viet Nam n h u n g nhieu qude gia chfiu Au dfi bd dieu kien nay: boae eac quy dinh ve cam ket k h d n g tuyen h i n b p h a t til b i n h hoac cd t u y e n nhUng khdng t h i hfinh h i n b p h a t t u h i n h ddi vdi ngudi d a n g chfi'p hfinh a n p h a t tfl...
- L u a t T T T P ehfla ed quy dinh ve dieu k i e n tfl choi iiep n h a n : quy dinh eu t h e ve chuye'n doi h i n h p h a t . t a m t h a ed dieu kien. thdi b a n chfi'p hfinh a n p h a t tfl d
Q NHAN L I ^ KHOA HOC XA HOI
Viet N a m ; c h u y e n giao ngudi hi K^^ *' p h a t tfl lfi ngfldi c h u a thfinh nien; chuyen giao ngfldi hi k e t fin bdi cac tda a n quoc te; c h u y e n giao cac ddi tfldni: vfla lfi ngfldi bi ke't fin vfla lfi ddi tflpng bi t r u y nfi quoc te; c h u y e n giao ngfldi hi ke't an vfla la cdng d a n nudc nhfin vfla lfi cdng d a n nfldc c h u y e n giao.
- L u a t T T T P c h u a cd q u y dinh ve t h d i diem m a p h a m nhfin dUde qu>en r u t ddn xin e h u y e n giao. Do t r o n g thfle t i l n xU 1^
eac vu viee c h u y e n giao d a xay r a cac trfldng hdp p h a m nhfin r u t ddn xin c h u y e n giao s a u k h i Tda a n n h a n d a n c6 t h i m q u y e n c u a V i e t N a m r a q u y e t d i n h cha'p thufin viec e h u y e n giao, d i e u nfiy ddng n g b i a vdi viee ddi t a c nflde ngofii se k h d n g tie'p t u e xfl ly vu viee vfi se t i e u td'n rfi't n h i e u t h d i g i a n vfi chi p h i eiia cac cd q u a n cd lien q u a n t r o n g viec xd ly.
- Lufit T T T P q u y d i n h chi p h i do b e n y e u c i u c b i t r a . T u y n h i e n , t a i cae h i e p d i n h song p h U d n g ve c h u y e n g i a o ngfldi bi k e t fin p b a t t u m a V i e t N a m d a ky ke't vdi cac nflde d e u q u y d i n h chi p h i cho viec c h u y e n giao do B e n nhfin c h i t r a trfl ehi p h i pbfit s i n h hofin t o a n t r o n g l a n h t h o Ben e h u y e n giao, h i e n n a y V i e t N a m c h u a cd n g u o n k i n h p h i c h i eho cfic b o a t ddng tie'p n h a n p h a m nhfin la ngfldi Viet N a m d a n g cha'p h a n b a n p b a t tfl t a i nfldc n g o a i ve V i e t N a m t i e p t u c cha'p h a n h an, nha't la cfic chi p h i fin, d, di lai c h o Iflc Ifldng a p giai va p h a m n h a n ve V i e t N a m . T r e n thflc t e . Viet N a m thfldng de n g h i p h i a nUdc n g o a i h o trd p h a n k i n h p h i n a y .
Phfin ldn cfic trUdng hpp yg^ ^ i u e h u y e n giao, do p h a m nhfin cd qu6'c tich nUdc ngoai chfla thUc h i e n phfin h i n h p h a t bo s u n g la p h a t t i e n , c h u a boi
Sti 7-2020
_XGUYEXXGOC HA. PHA.M DlTC CHIXH thfldng dan sU va chUa nop an phi nen
chua dii dieu kien de xem xet chuyen giao theo quy dinh tai Dieu 50 Luat TTTP.
Tuy nbien, cfin efl cac hiep dinh chuyen giao ngfldi hi ke't an phat tu ma Viet Nam da ky ke't vdi cac nflde thi khong quy dinh cu the dieu kien ngfldi dflpe ehuyen giao phai thfle hien xong hinh phat bo sung lfi hinh phat tien, boi thfldng dan sfl, an phi.
Vi vfiy, khi cd quan cd thara quyen eua Vipt Nam tfl choi chuyen giao cae ddi tfldng nay tren cd sd eac quy dinh tren thi phia nflde ngofii khdng dong tinh.
Thd hai, rapt sd' hanh vi phara tdi theo cac D U Q T ma Viet Nam lfi thfinh vien chfla dflde "hinh sfl hda" trong BLHS nfim 2015. Dieu nfiy cd the dfin de'n khd kbfin trong viee dap flng "dieu kien tpi pham k6p" eung nhfl viec chuyen doi hinh phat.
Bp luat to tung hinh sfl (BLTTHS) nam 2015 chua cd quy dinh ve cdng nhan va thi hanh ban an hinh sfl eua nUdc ngoai tai Viet Nam trong trUdng hdp tie'p nhan pham nhfin dupe chuyen giao ve Viet Nam de tiep tuc chfi'p hanh an phat tu ma BLTTHS nam 2015 mdi chi ed quy dinh viec edng nhfin ban fin hinh sfl, quye't dinh eiia Tda an nUde ngofii trong trfldng hdp tfl chdi din dp edng dfin vi muc dich thi hfinh an hinb sfl.
Thd ba, Lufit Thi hanh fin hinh sfl nfim 2010 va de'n Luat thi hanh an hinh sfl 2019 vin chfla cd quy dinh rd ve viee thl hanh ban an hinh sfl do tda an ed thim quyen nfldc ngoai tuyen ddi vdi cdng dfin Viet Nam sau khi d\ipc tiep nhfin ve Viet Nam dd tie'p tue chfi'p hfinh hinh phat; vfi'n de tam tha cd dieu kien dfldc quy dinh trong cae hiep dinh ve chuyen giao ngfldi bi ke't an phat tfl mfi Viet Nara ky ke't vdi cfic nfldc nhflng sti 7-2020
ehfla dflpc quy dinh trong Lufit thi hfinh an hinh sfl nfim 2010.
Thd tu. Lufit Dfic xfi nfim 2007 vfi den Luat Dac xa nam 2018 vfin chua ed quy dinh eu the ve trinh tu. thu tuc dac xa cbe ngfldi hi ke't an phat tu dupc tiep nhan ve Viet Nam cung nhfl ddi vdi ngfldi nfldc ngoai dflde chuyen giao cho nfldc ngoai.
Thd nim. nhieu vfi'n de pbfit sinb tfl thflc tien gay khd khan ebo viee thflc hien boat dpng chuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hanh an phat tfl ehfla dflpc pbap luat hda nhfl; quan he, phdi hdp gifla cfic cd quan cbfle nang; quy dinh ve trfich nhiem cua cfin bd xfl ly vu viec trong trfldng hdp khdng bao dam thdi ban xfl ly vu viec theo quy dinh cua phap lufit, trach nhiem thd'ng ke, tira hieu tfira tfl, nguyen vpng cfla cdng dan Viet Nam dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tu d nflde ngofii; quan he phdi hpp gifla ed quan trung fldng, cd quan ngdai giao va efic ed quan cd tham quyen trong xii ly yeu ciu ehuyen giao, xfic minh sfl dong y cua ngfldi dfldc de nghi chuyen giao; vfi'n de pham nhfin cd tfl hai qud'c tich trd len hofic khdng ed qud'c tieh... Ngofii ra, thflc tien phfip ly quoc te lien quan den boat ddng chuyen giao pham nhan cung phfit sinh nhieu vfi'n de can cd sfl ngbien eflu, danh gia toan dien dd dfla ra cfic quy dinh eua phap lufit Viet Nam bao dam xfl ly dUdc cfic tinh huong xay ra tren thfle te nbU: va'n de ngUdi ti nan, ti nan chinh tri, ngUdi la ddi tUdng thudc cac ehUdng trinh bao ve nhfin ehflng cua nfldc ngoai...
Thd siu. Lufit TTTP nfim 2007 eung nhfl chfla ed mdt vfin ban phap luat nfio CO quy dinh ve viee bao dam efic dieu kien ve eon ngfldi. trang thiet hi, mfiy mdc
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HOI Q
THUC T\L\Si; PHAP LUAT VIET X.\M VE CHUYEN GIAO..
phuc vu edng tac chuyen giao ngfldi dang cha'p hfinh an pbat tu.
Tfl nhflng ly do tren. viec can sdra ban hfinh mpt dao lufit rieng biet ve chuyen giao ngudi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl tren ed sd tfich tfl Luat tfldng trd tfl phap nam 2007 de phan biet rd gifla eac boat ddng mang ban chat nhan dao vdi cac boat dpng mang tinh cfldng che cao nhfl dfin do, tUdng trd tu phap ve hinh sU eua Luat TTTP hien hfinh la ca'p bficb va cin thiet. Hien nay, nhu ciu nfiy dang dupe hien thuc hda trong ehUdng trinh xay dflng Luat ehuyen giao ngudi dang cha'p hanh an phat tu Cac ndi dung quy dinh trong du thao Luat chuyen giao ngUdi dang cha'p hanb fin phat tfl se tao cd sd phfip ly mdi day dii, toan dien hdn trdng viee thfle hien chuyen giao ngUdi dang cha'p hfinh fin phat tu d Viet Nam, gdp phin bao dam ehinh sfich nhfin dao cua Dang vfi Nha nUde Cdng hda xa hpi ehii nghia Viet Nam, bao dam hieu qua cdng tac thi hanb an hinh sU vfi tai hofi nhap xa hdi tbanb edng.
Ngoai ra, Viet Nam can tfing cfldng dfim phfin. ky ket dieu fldc quoc te ve chuyen giao ngudi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl vdi eae quoc gia va vflng lfinb tho ndi cd nhieu cdng dan Viet Nara dang lara viec. sinh song, lao dpng, hpc tap hofic cac qud'c gia cd nbieu cdng dan bien dang sinb sd'ng. lam viee tai Viet Nam; cae qud'c gia lfing gieng cd chung dfldng bien gidi tren dfi't lien, trong eung .ASEAX . Ben canh dd, \'iet Xam cung cfin tie'n hanh khao sfit. thd'ng ke. dfinh gia thfle trang. tinh hinh ngfldi Viet Xam dang chap hanh an tai nUdc ngofii va nhu eau dupc chuyen giao ve Viet Xam de tiep tuc
cha'p hfinh an. Dong thdi. khao sat kha nfing dap Ung yeu cau tiep nhan cua cac trai giam tai Viet Xam trong trUdng h^p tat ca cac cdng dan \'iet Xam dang chap hanh an tai nudc ngoai mong mudn dfldc trd ve Viet Nam de chfi'p hanh an.
Ke't luan
Hien nay, nhu cau chuye'n giao ngfldi dang chap hfinh fin phat tu gifla Viet Nam vdi nudc ngofii va ngUpe lai dang cd xu hudng gia tang tfl dd ddi hdi can phai cd sfl dieu ehinb ciia phap luat thflc dinh.
Ve ed ban, he thd'ng phap luat Viet Nam ve chuyen giao ngfldi dang chap hanh fin phat tu dfi cd ban hinh thfinh, dap flng dupc nhu eau dieu chinb bdat ddng nay.
Tuy nhien tren thUc te da va dang noi Ien hai vfi'n de ton tai lien quan den che dinh nfiy ddi hdi phai dupe giai quye't. Trong do yeu ciu bflc thie't dat ra ngay lue nfiy lfi cin phai eho ra ddi rapt dao lufit rieng biet ve ehuyen giao ngUdi dang chfi'p hfinh an phat tfl. Bai viet dfla ra 6 va'n de cu the de xufi't cd quan ban hfinh dao lufit ve boat ddng ehuyen giao ngfldi dang chfi'p hanb fin phat tfl d Viet Nam cin tfip trung giai quye't.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Bd Cdng an (2019), Du thao Bao cao tdng kit thi hanh phap luit ve chuyen giao ngudi dang chi'p hinh an phat td.
2. Vd Khfinh Vinh, Cao Thi Oanh (2013), Giao trinh thi hanh an hinb sU Nxb. Ha Npi.
3. Kim Dung (2014), "Ban hfinh mpt dao luat ve chuyen giao ngupi dang cha'p hanh an phat tu". Tap chi Tda an nhan dan diin td, ngfiy 7/8/2014.
Q NHAN L ^ KHOA HOC XA Hdi
sti 7-2020