Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi tru&ng
^ G L I M
SAT, DANH GIA TAI NGUYEN
R I T N GBANG PHAN MEM LOCUS TREN MAY TEVH BANG, DIEN THOAI THONG MINH
Nguyin HOn V a n \ Pham Van Duan^ Bui Thanh Jiing\
Biii Hung Trinh^ Pham Van Biit^ Biii Quoc Vuomg' '"• • Truomg Dai hpc Lam nghiep
' Chi cue Kiem Idm Qudng Binh
^Chi cue Kiem lam Bd Ria - Vung Tdu T O M T . 4 T
Huong dan sir dung phan mem Locus tren may tinh bang, dien thoai thong minh vao viec thu thap thong tin hien tmcmg phuc \"u cong viec dieu tra, giam sat va danh gia tai nguyen rimg da dugc cac tac gia trinh bay kha chi tiet. Dir lieu dugc thu thap tir dang diem, duong, vimg \ai day dii cac thuoc tinh: Toa do, ngay gia thiet lap, kich thudc, ghi chii va dac biet la file anh dinh kem tai diem dugc thu thap; Dir lieu nay de dang chuyen doi sang cac dinh dang khac nhau tao thuan Igi cho qua trinh xii ly va luu trir. Phan mem nay da dugc sir dung trong du an Tong dieu U'a kiem ke rimg loan quoc giai doan 2013 - 2016 thuoc hgp phan kiem ehixng ket qtia giai doan trang thai, tni lugng rimg va giam sat ciia tu \an doc lap: ket qua rat true quan. sinh dgng \a co do chinh xac cao.
Tir khoa: Locus, phan mem, sir dung, tai nguyen rimg.
I. DAT VAN D E
Qua trinh do thi hoa, sy biing no dan so...
xung quanh cac khu vyc co rimg da tao nen mot ap lye rat Idn den tai nguyen rimg \ a dat rimg, lam cho chung bien dgng khdng ngimg.
De tang cudng quan ly. su dung hieu qua tai nguyen rimg \a dat rimg thi viec giam sat \'a danh gia sy bien dong cua tai nguyen rimg la v6 ciing can thiet.
Cong tac thu thap dii' lieu tai hien trudng den nay chu yeu sir dung GPS de khoanh ve ranh gidi 16, may anh ky thuat so de chup hien trudng; tuy nhien \ di nhimg khu vyc rong. co dia hinh ddc, phirc tap thi viec khoanh \ e ranli gidi Id ton rat nhieu thdi gian, cong sire va gay nguy hiem cho can bo ky thuat hien trudng.
Phan mem Locus Maps do Asamm software phat trien, la mot img dung ban do \ a dieu hudng da chirc nang cho cac thiet bi di dpng.
\fng dung nay co hai phien ban Locus Map Pro la phien ban tra tien vdi day du cac chirc nana.
Locus Map Free la phien ban mien phi \di mot so chirc nang bi han che \a khong co chan quang cao. L'ng dung nay co the tao. luu tracks, points, regions vdi cac thuoc tinh: Toa
do, ngay gid tao doi tugng. loai ddi tugng, cac thudc tinh kich thudc, file anh dinh kem, ghi chil... kha nang trao doi thong tin cua phan mem nay rat tot. dir lieu co the dugc xuat radudi dang text, excel, dxf... de co the doc tren cac phan mem GIS khac nhau.
Muc tieu ciia bai bao nav' nliam muc dich hudng dan cho cac can bo kv thuat kiem lam, chii rimg sir dung dugc ihig dung Locus Map Freetrong vice thu thap dii lieu ngoai nghiep phuc vu dieu tra. danh gia. giam sat tai nguyen rimg.
n. DOI TL ONG PHUONG PH\P NGHIEN CUU 2.1. Doi tugng
Doi tucmg nghien cim la cac img dung cua phan mem Locus Map Free dugc download tren CH Play (Cua hang img dung ciia he dieu hanh Android) va dugc cai dat tren may tinh bang, dien thoai thong minh chay he dieu hanh .\ndroid.
2.2. Phuong phap
a. PhuOTig phap quan sat: Quan sat true tiep va ghi chep lai cac budc thyc hien tren may tinh bang, dien thoai thong minh.
h. PhuoTig phap thyc nghiem: Lap lai nhieu lan cac budc thyc hien iren ma\ tinli bans.
TAP CHi KHOA HQC \ A CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 6-2016 109
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi truong dien thoai thdng minh. Ghi chep lai cac quy trinh thyc hien dan gian, de hieu, ket qua chinh xac.
c. Phuang phap phan tich va tdng ket kinh
nghiem: Phan tich cac quy trinh thyc nghiem, nit kinh nghiem va di xuSt trinh ty cac budc ky thuat nhanh, chinh xac va de thao tac.
Tdm tat phuang phap trong sa dd sau:
Cai dat phan mem - Mapinfo - Global Mapper
- Locus Map
Chuan hi dir lieu
• Chuyen doi dinh dang dir lieu - Nhap dir lieu vao thiet bi
Thu thap thong tin
I
hien trirong Thu thap dir lieu dang diem
• Thu thap dir lieu dang duong Thu thap do lieu dang viing
Xuat dir Ueu
Hinh 01. So' do thuc hien cong tac thu thap dir lieu hien trirdng bang ling dung Locus Map tren may tinh bang, dien tboai thong minh III. KET QUA NGHIEN CUU, THAO LUAN
3.1. Cai dat phan mem
3.1.1. Cai dat phan mem Global Mapper, Mapinfo
Phan mem Global Mapper su dung dc tao file SQLitedb, dau vao ctia phan mem Locus Map; file cai dat dugc tai ve tir mang internet va cai vao may tinh de ban hoac may tinh xach tay. Luu y: Cai phan mem Global Mapper phien ban tir 14.0 trd Icn, tir phien ban nay trd di mdi CO chirc nang chuyen doi dinh dang file sang dang sqlitedb.
Tao cac file projection de chuyen doi he toa
do VN2000 miii 6 do hoac mui 3 do sang UTM va ngugc lai.
Cai dat phan mem Mapinfo de bien tap dii lieu dau vao, chuyen ddi cac dinh dang.
3.1.2. Cai dat phan mem Locus
Trong CH Play muc tim kiem tim Locus, tai ve va cai dat binh thudng vao may tinh bang hoac dien thoai thdng minh chay he dieu hanh Androi. Bai bao nay hudng dansit dung ban Locus Map Frce,cung co the mua ban Pro vdi chi phi 154.000 VND. Sau khi cai xong trong cua sd man hinh co bieu tugng nhu hinh 02.
110 TX? CHi KHOA HQC \k CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 6-2016
Locus Map : Locus Map : Pro-Outdoor Free-Outdoor 3.P * tjK,BrP M * fl
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rirng & Moi tru&ng
Hinh 02. Bieu tvong Locus Map trong CH Lim y khi mua thiet bi chgn may cd cau hinh it nhat nhu sau: He dieu hanh Android 4.4, CPU 4 nhan 1.3, RAM 3 GB, bd nhd frong
16 GB, camera sau 8 MP, ket ndi mang: LTE 800/900/1800/2600 + 850/2100, GPS: GPS + GLONASS, Pin: 6500 mAh, la ban dien tii de trong trudng hgp di hien trudng khdng cd sdng dien thoai thiet bi van hoat ddng binh thudng.
3.2. Chuan bi dir lieu trwdc khi di hien trurdng
Vdi trudng hgp binh thudng download ban dd giao thdng Viet Nam va sii dung khi khdng
Play va cua so man hinh may tinh bang
cd sdng 3G (offlme) vdi nhimg may tinh bang hoac dien thoai thdng minh cd chip GPS.
Vdi trudng hgp cd anh ve tinh, he thdng diem MK va OTC, Idp du lieu hien trang rimg (nmgkk) - DO lieu thudc Dy an Tdng dieu tra kiem ke rimg toan qudc giai doan 2 0 1 3 - 2 0 1 6 . Cac budc thyc hien nhu sau:
3.2.1. Chuyen doi dinh dang
Md phan mem Global Mapper, chuyen he tga do cho timg lap dit lieu: Trong vi dy la dn lieu anh, MK-OTC, Idp rungkk cua VQG Cdn Dao.
MK CONDAO
Hinh 03. Du Ueu anh, MK_OTC, loTp kiim ke rungkk ciia VQG Con Dao dvgrc md trong phan mem Global Mapper
- Chuyen dii lieu tren sang he tga do UTM:
Nhung dir lieu tren d6u d he tga do VN2000 Ba Rja Vung Tau mui 3 do, dl chay dugc trong phlui mem Locus Map phai chuyin sang he tga do UTM dinh dang Lat/Long. Vao Menu Tools/Configure/Projection/Load From File chgn file projection
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG
VN2000_M3_BRVT_to_UTM sau dd chgn Apply/OK.
Export dii Ueu da load file projection tren sang dang tab: Md Menu File/Export/Export Vector chgn loai dinh dang can xuat sang la dang Mapinfo TAB/MAP. Chgn thu myc Itm ket qua; lan lugt chuyen timg Idp dii lieu tren NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 6-2016 111
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rirng & Moi tru&ng
\i he tga do UTM. Sii dung Mapinfo de Save as cac lap dir lieu nay sang dinh dang Lat/Long. Md Mapinfo, md file tab vira chuyin he tga do v l UTM d tren trong Mapinfo, Chgn File/Save Copy As, chgn thu muc cSn lim file tab, chgn muc Projection.
Trong muc Projection: Category chgn
Longitude/Utitude; Category Members chgn Longitude/Latitude, chgn OK.
Tao nhan: Md ddng thdi ca ba lop dir Heu nay tren Global Mapper, vao Tool/Conhol center/Options. Chpn Use Multiple Attributes for Name.
tif-240t
t u 233.3 ti(g-134.3 : , ; 0 u s _ 2
BE 226 6 t c b . r ; tiS,'226A
ta215 5
3 5 tt,-lS.9 t i s 2 I 6 5 0 ^ 2 2 1 J
t r f > L ^ 2 i d v i i e . 6
trtflBO^ tib-115.1
t 3 ± . l 2 " S
t x b : i 5 0 t x b l l E ' ofc-lM.O ^ „ . ^ „ Kb l i " E ^ i J 0 " 0
Hinh 04. Nhan dvgrc tao trong Global Mapper - Exprot dii Ueu tren sang dang SQLitedb su
dung Global Mapper: Md Menu File/Export/Export Raster/Image Format chgn dinh dang RMaps SQLite Database. Chgn thu muc luu dir lieu va bam OK, viec chuyen ddi dinh dang nay tdn kha lihieu thoi gian, cd the mat ca ngay neu dii lieu Idn. Nhu vay sau budc nay da cd mgt file du lieu dinh dang sqlitedb de dua vao may tinh bang hoac dien thoai thdng minh.
3.2.2. Nhap dir lieu vdo may tinh bang, dien thoai thong minh
Ket ndi may tinh bang, dien thoai thdng minh vdi may tinh xach tay qua cap, sii dung nhu mgt thiet bi luu trii di ddng va coppy file sqlitedb vao d cimg ciia thiet bi.
Md phan mem Locus tren thiet bi di ddng.
Import file sqhtedb vac: Md Locus/lmportTun thu muc chiia file sqlitedb.
BR VUNG TAU
/storage.'extSdCard/BR \hsng Tau
^ BRVungTau
Hinh 05. Dir lieu khi da durgc nhap vao may tinh bang, dien thoai thdng minh 3.3. Thu thap thdng tin ngoai hien trudng
3.3.1. Thu thap dir lieu dgng diem
Bat che do dinh vi tren thilt bi, md phin mem Locus/Data/Points: Tao mgt point mdi, bam chgn (+) tren man hmh, chgn Shoot a new point niu chup mgt anh tai diim diing. Bim bieu tugng may anh tren man hinh d l chup
112 TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGEHEP SO 6-2016
anh, Chgn Lim de Itm anh -vara chup, hoac Hiiy bd de thoat.
Lan lugt tai cac diem can thu thap dii lieu tien hanh nhu tren, mgt he thdng diim dugc thu thap vdi day du: Tga do, do cao, then diim tao, anh dinh kem, ghi chu...
Qudn ty Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi truong
Hinh 06. Dir lif u dang diem duwc thu thap 3.3.2. Thu thap dit lieu dgng du&ng
Md Locus Map/Track recording de tao mgt track mdi; Chgn bieu tugng ghi d l bit diu ghi mgt track mdi, hit budi lam viec chgn mit Stop/Save.
Chgn Save, dat ten vao muc Name, md ta vao muc Description; Cac thdng tin v l track dugc Itm: Ten, ngay, khoang each, khoang thdi gian thu thap track.
B Sep 17.2016,14:47
Hmh 07. Dir Ueu dang dudng duwc thu thap
Hinh 08. Dir Ueu d^ng vting dugrc thu thap 3.4. Xuat dir lieu
Md Locus/Export chgn loai dir lieu c3n xuit: Points, Tracks, Items; Chgn loai dinh dang ctia file, thu muc lim trii dO Ueu; chgn Export, neu thoat chgn Cancel.
B
CTHdCltMAib :i;ac Wi'h E<^
Hinh 09. Nhirng d|nh dang dir Ueu co the dvgrc xuat ra tu phan mem Locus Map 3.3.3. Thu thap dir lieu dgng viing
Md Locus/More fimetions/Add new route &
measure; Chim cac diim khdng chi tren anh, tao nodes va ddng -viing cin ve bd sung.
Dii Ueu dang gpx, dxf, kml, kmz... cd thi dugc dgc d rat nhieu phan mem GIS, my nhien khi md ra trong phan mem GIS luu y he tga do gdc ciia du Ueu la UTM dinh dang Lat'Long, tir dd chuyen ve he tga do VN2000 miii 3 do dia phucmg... va chdng xep len cac Idp ban dd khac de su dung.
Trong dy an Tdng dieu tra kiim ke rimg toan qudc giai doan 2013 2016 ling dung Locus Map da dugc sii dung rit hieu qua trong hgp phan kiem chiing ket qua giai doan trang
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 6-2016 113
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi tru&ng
thai, trii lugng rimg va dac biet trong viec giam sat cdng tac dieu tra, kiem ke rimg ciia Dan vi tu van giam sat ddc lap. Ket qua thu thap ngoai hien trudng rat tryc quan, sinh ddng vdi do chinh xac kha cao.
3.5. Ket luan
Nhu vay vdi ling dung Locus Map cd the thu thap dugc rat nhieu thdng tin tai hien trudng tir diem, dudng, viing vdi cac thudc tinh: Tga do, thdi gian thu thap, vdi dii lieu dudng va viing cd thdng tin kich thudc, chu vi, dien tich, cac ghi chu tai hien trucmg, file anh dinh kem tai tga do thu thap...
Vdi viec chuyen ddi dugc sang kha nhieu djnh dang gpx, dxf, kml, kmz... dii lieu sau chuyen ddi cd the dugc xu ly d rat nhieu phan mem GIS khac nhau, thuan Igi cho viec quan
ly dii lieu.
Viec sir dung phan m i m Locus Map trong viec theo ddi diln biln, danh gia tai nguyen rung va mdi trucmg rat de dang vdi chi phi khdng cao (tan dung thiet bi di dgng hien co cua can bd), kit qua kha chinli xac, true quan, de xu ly va quan ly.
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
1. Tran Quang Bao, Nguyen Van Thi, Pham Van Duin, 2014. &ng dung GIS trong qudn ly tdi nguyen thien nhien. Nlia xuat ban Nong Nghiep, Ha noi, 224 trang.
2. Hudng dan stir dung phan mem Mapinfo 3. Huong dan sir dung phan mem Global Mapper 4. http://fipivinh.gov.vn/?x=141/nghien-cuu-khoa- hoc/ung-dung-phan-mem-locus-map-vao-dieu-tra-quy- hoach-rung.
5. Vien Dieu tra Quy hoach rimg. 2014. Tdi lieu tap huan sir dung phan mem .Jica Sun'ey.
MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF FOREST RESOURCES BY USING LOCUS SOFTWARE ON THE TABLETS, SMARTPHONES
Nguyen Huu V a n ' , Pham V a n D u a n ^ Bui Thanh T u n g \ Bui H u n g T r i n h ^ P h a m V a n B u t \ Biii Quoc Vucng' ' ""'Vietnam National University ofForestiy
' Quang Binh Forest Protection Department ''Ba Ria - Vung Tau Forest Protection Department S U M M A R Y
In this article, the authorsdetailed the use of Locus software on tablets and smart phones in order to collect outdoor infonnation. sen'ing the investigation, monitoring and c\'aluation of forest resources. Data collected such as points, lines and regions with fiill attributes: Coordinates, date and time, size, notes and especially attached images at collected points; This data is easily con\'erted to different fomiats to facilitate the processing and storage. This software has been used in the National project on forest in\'estigation and inventory in the period 2013-2016, under the component of verifying the state and forest volume classification result, and supervision by an independent consultant, the result is \ery inmitive, \ ivid and has high accuracy.
Keywords: Forest resources. Locus, software, using.
Ngu'd'i phan bien .Ngay nhan bai Ngay phan bien Ngay quyet dinh dang
PGS.TS. Tran Quang Bao 08/11/2016
15/11/2016 25/11/2016
114 T . \ P C H i K H O A HOC \A C O N G N G H E LAM N G H I E P S O 6-2016