Mot so giai ph£q> h6 tro sinh k^
gop phan giam ngheo ben vung tai tinh Ha Giang
Nguy^Q M^nh DQng Tinh uy m Giang
Ha Giang lA tinh miin niii, biin gidi, cpc BAc eiia Td qudc, cd diin tieh tg nhiin trin 7.900 km2, dan sd trin 85 van ngudi/19 dAn tdc, trong dd dan tdc thiiu sd chiim gAn 90%; dja hinh hiim trd, chia eat manh, giao tiidng di lai rAt khd khan, thiiu nude va dAt san xuAt. Tinh cd 10 huyin, I thAnh phd/193 xa, phudng, th| trAn vdi 2.071 thin, td dan phd, Irong dd cd 140 xa dae biit khd khan tiiupc Chuong trinh 135 eua Chinh phu; 07/11 huyin nghio thude ehuong Irinh 30a cua Chinh phu, cd 7 huyin/34 xa, Ihl tran biin gidi tiip giAp vdi 2 Unh Van Nam vA QuAng Tay, Tmng Qudc vdi chiiu dai dudng biin gidi ti-in 277,5 km.
1. Ket qua cdng tac giam nglieo tai Ha Giang Trong nhirng nam qua, xda ddi, giam nghio la chii tniong Idn vA nhAt quan, xuyin sudt ciia DAng vA Nha nude ta nhAm cAi thiin ddi sdng v^it chAt vA tinh tiiAn cho ngudi nghio, thu h^p khoAng cAch vi tiinh dO phAt triin giiia cAe viing, miin vA giira cac dan tpc. Bao cAo chinh tri Dai hdi XII ciia Dang nhAn manh "DAy manh giAm nghio bin viing, nhAt la eae viing dac biit khd khan va cd chinh sAeh dae thO d i giAm nghio nhanh hon trong ddng bao dAn Idc thiiu sd. Chii hpng cAc giai phAp tao diiu kiin va khuyin khieh hd nghio, e$n nghio phAn dAu tp vuon lin thoat nghio bin vung".
(Juan Uiit sAu sAc ehu tiuong eiia Dang, Tinh iiy, Hpi il6ng nhan dan tinh HA Giang da ban hanh Ngh( quyit chuyin d i vi thpe hiin Chuong tiinh mpc tiiu qudc gia giAm nghio bin viing trin dja bAn tinh giai doan 2016- 2020; thAnh l^p Ban chi dao va triin khai tiiuc hiin Chuong tiinh hd trp xAy dgng nhA d cho ngudi cd edng, cgu ehiin binh nghio va hp nghio cAc xa biin gidi bAng hinh tiiiie xa hdi hda; ban hAnh vA tiiin khai thgc hiin di an nira triiu eon dai gia sue, d i an 01 tiiiu tAn xi mang xay dpng dudng giao thdng, tiiuy Ipi, eae edng trinh thiit j ^ u cho nhAn dAn bAng hinh thiic nhA nude va nhAn dan ciing lAm. Chinh quyin cAc cAp cp Uii hda va xAy dpng k i hoach giAm nghio b i n viing cho cA giai doan 2016-2020 vA timg nam.
Giai doan 2016-2019, tdng vdn dAu tu cho edng tAc giAm nghio lA 2.508 ty d6ng, trong dd vdn dAu tu cua nha nude lA 2.008 tj ddng, vdn huy ddng xa hOi hda trin 500 ty ddng, ddi sdng vAt chAt cua nhan dan cac dAn tpc dupe cAi tiiiin dAng ki, tiiu nhAp binh quAn dAu ngudi tang hi 15,92 tniu ddng/ngudi/nam (nam 2016) lin 22,8 triiu ddng/ngudi/nam (nam 2019), miic tang binh quan 12,72%/nam. CAe chinh sAch uu tiin vA ngudn vdn dAu tu cua NhA nude da gdp phan tiiay ddi
diin mao ndng thdn miin nui, da ed 38 xa dat chuAn ndng thdn mdi, 94,4% sd hp dupe su dpng diin. Kit eAu ha tAng kinh t i xa hdi dupe quan tam dAu tu:
100% sd xa cd dudng d td din tmng tam, trong dd 88,1% la dudng nhpa, b i tdng, 100% cac tiidn cd dudng di dupe xe eo gidi, 30% dudng trpc thdn dupe Cling hoa. Ddng tiidi, cdng tac giam nghio trin d(a ban Unh dat dupe kit qua dAng khfch li, ly li hp nghio giai doan 2016-2019 giam binh quan tiin 4%
mpt nam, ti> 43,65% nam 2016 xudng cdn 26,73% nam 2019. Qua dd, gdp phAn cung ed thim niim tin eiia nhan dan ddi vdi vai tid lanh dao eua Dang, sp chi dao, diiu hAnh cua NhA nude.
Bin canh kit quA dat dupe, cdng tac giam nghio d Ha Giang cdn gap khdng it khd khan, phan hda giau - nghio cd xu hudng gia tang, nam 2016 chinh lieh giua nhdm thu nh^p cao nhAt va thAp nhAt la 5,33 lAn, d i n nam 2019 tang lin 8 lAn. Hd nghio vi tiiu nhAp la ehu yiu, chiim 94,2% tdng sd hp nghio da chiiu, ti' li hp cAn ngheo cdn cao, chiim 14,3% tdng sd hd va nhiiu khA nang tid tiianh hd nghio khi bj Anh hudng eua tiiiin tai, dich binh; ty li hp nghio la ddng bao eae dan tpc tiiiiu sd chiim 99,46%. Kit qua giam nghio ehua b i n vung, sd hd tai nghio, phAt sinh nghio hAng nam cdn tuong ddi cao, giai doan 2016- 2019, cd 13.563 hp tAi nghio vA nghio mdi phAt sinh, chiim 34,73% sd hp thoAt nghio, trong dd tAi nghio 1.396 hp, phat sinh nghio mdi 12.167 hp. Nguyin nhAn chu yiu dAn d i n nghio do xuAt phAt diim vi kinh t i - xa hdi tiiAp; diiu kiin tg nhiin khdng tiiuan Ipi, dAn eu phAn bd khdng tap hung, ngueri dan tiiiiu kiin tiiiic vA kinh nghiim lam an; nhiiu con, thiiu lao ddng;
nhiiu hij hie, tap quan lac h^u; djc biit la tam ly tp ty, cam chiu canh sdng khd khan, ngheo ddi, khdng mudn vuon lin d i cAi tiiiin cude sdng, tii$m ehi ed
1 Tt CHAU A -TMAI
19
NGHi^CUU
\Trng vA d miie cao. N^u ban ^jioi trong viic Ap dpng cac cdng eg \^ kv Ihuat. ban cd Ihi d^l dupe sp IhAnh cdng \-ua phAi, nhung d i lid Ihanh mpt nijinn quan h dg an Ihgc sp hiiu quA ban cung cAn phai la mdt nha lanh dao idL
4. Be i f i i tkuk CMq CM ibal nam cao vai tra cna iMli I f f trong quan ly * r i i xay Ann
Lanh dao rAl quan Irpng d6i vdi thanh edng eiia mpt dp an t>di vi ban chAl cua su lanh dao ch^ih la nhAm thue dAy con ngudi d i dat dupe mge liiu ciia dp an trong ngudn Ige han c h i va mdi trudng hidn thay ddi.
Vai trd eiia lanh dao va quAn ty trong viie tiigc hiin dp an Ihudng phg thupe vdo loai dp an. thoi gian %'a pham vi ciia dg An. Cung vdi sp phAl triin manh m*
eiia nin kinh l i xa hpi. sp biing nd edng nghi thdng tin, nha lanh dao va quAn ly phai triin Idiai rAl nhiiu cAc dg An cd mure dp anh hudng sAu rdng din cAc ddi tupng liin quan. cAe dp An ed quy md \6n. diin ra trong nhiiu giai doan. phue lap va mang tinh chAl loan eAu vdi cAc mge liiu phai dat dupe va ngudn Ige bj han c h i bdi Ihdi gian thge hiin. ngan saeh \-a sp thay ddi nhanh chdng eua th| trudng
Thanh cdng cd thi chi dai duoe thdng qua sp lanh dao hiiu qua, sg thdng minh, sAng tao d i kit ndi va sii dgng ngudn Igc hiiu qua trong sudt vdng ddi dp an.
Phong each lanh dao cAn linh hoal, chia se, phan doAn tdi va sang tao d i mang lai sp thanh cdng eho dp an. Ddng thdi, eae nha lanh dao nin chu trpng vao viic xay dpng vk tao ddng Ipc d i cac Ihanh vidn khac nhau cd thi lam \iie eung nhau vdi vai trd ta mdt ddi thdng nhAt. QuAn ly dg an la mpi quy trinh cd cAu tnie nhung lai linh hoal ddi voi \iic tao ra mpi kit qua mdi.
Sg thanh edng cOa nd phg thudc vao viic ap dgng hai day bude: Lap k i hoach trudc - thgc hiin sau. Day la can nguyen ciia tAt ca vdng ddi dg An thanh edng. De bAl dAu dg An mpt cAch thich hpp, ngudi quan ly dp an phAi Ird thAnh mpt ngudi lanh dao. Tuy nhiin, phong cAeh lanh dao cAn tiiay ddi theo nhiing quy tnnh eiia dp an Irong sudi vdng ddi cua nd. Thge \ay, titjng quA trinh tiipe hiin se cd thdi diim mA "su quAn ly" trd nin quan trpng hon "sp lAnh dao". Khi dd se IhAy dupe rAng 'Uidng tin' (\iic tap irung iri tiiuc) trong nhung giai doan lap ki hoach vA "viie tru>-in dat" (viie gm di tiidng diip) hong nhung giai doan san tiipc hiin. Vl dg; kha nang phdi hpp, lien kit v&i nhau lA mdi k\ nang tiiiil yiu cho ea ngudi lanh dao du An
\ a nguoi quAn h dp ATL
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trpng trong m.,1 llnh vuc «**> « " * " h " ^ ; * ^ " ' a m ,
«n W, ky <,u6c gia n.o « n tW gj*. Cac = ^ P,^ ^ dHTh vu xsy dung anh h«mg « " P ^ ^ ' „ ™ ^ f,„n cac h«l dii h»n <> cic nuOc dang phii tnen, '"^ g dv i n x4y dung t h ^ c6ng cd i- nghia quan Upng dd, Z m«i qudc gia va ngu« dan. M ^f;''^"?^^^^
dung, lanh dao d^r an hi*u quS c6 th* d . ^ uu t,en h i ^ dSu tmng vi*c luy*n dung, dao tao nhSn sir chu Z f la mdi quan tam cua td chtic vi co quan quin ly Nha nude irong llnh vuc diu tu xiy dungy.
Tai lieu tham khaa:
Kent, T W. (2005) Leading and managing: it takes two to tango Management Decision 43, 1010-1017.
Kloppenborg, T. J., Shriberg, A., & Venkatraman, J.
(2003). Project leadership. Vienna, VA: Management Concepts, Inc.
Long D.N., Ogunlana, S.O. and Lan, D.T. (2004). A study on project success factors on large construction projects in Vietnam. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 11(6): 404—413.
Munns. A. K., & Bjeirmi, B. F. The role of project management in achieving project success.
Intemational Journal of Project Management, 19%.
14(2), 81-88.
Odusami, K-T. (2002). Perceptions of construction professionals concerning important on project suc- cess in four types of project 2nd Intemation al Conference on Construction and Project Management IPEDR.
Thamhain, J.H. Team Leadership Effectiveness In Technology-Based Project Environments," Project Management Joumal (35:4) 2004, pp 35-46.
Toor, S.R. & Ofori, G. (2008). Leadership for Future Constmctlon Industry: Agenda for Authentic Leadership. International Joumal of Project Management 26(1), 620-630.
Yukl, G. & Lepsinger. R. (2005) Why Integrating the Leading and Managing Roles Is Essential for Organizational Effectiveness. Organizational Dynamics, 34.361375.