CAC PHUdNC PHAP HOI Bl VA DIEU CHINH KHE HCi TRONG Cd CAU V I T ME - DAI 6c Bl
Le Thj Lan', Hoang Van Quy *, Nguyin Tien Tiep * Tdm tat
Bp truyen vit me - dai 6c bi cd mgt sd tinh nang flu vilt nhfl ma sat nhd, dat hiiu suit rit cao, chuyen ddng Im di, on dinh, cd the loai trfl dflpc khe hd do dd dp chinh xde cao, tudi thp cua bd truyen ldn.
Tuy nhien, vi^c chl tao bd truyen vit me - dai 6c bi hien nay van cdn khd khan. Hi vgng npi dung bdi bdo ndy se ddng gdp mot phin Ii thuylt chl tao de cho d c nhd chuyen mdn hieu dflde cau trflc, clu tao vd nguyen U ho?!
ddng cfla bp truyin vit me - dai dc bi qua do phuc vu tdt cho cdng tac ehe tao de dfla dan vao thflc te sdn xuat vdi dieu kiln trong nfldc.
TU khod: Bp truyin, vit me - dai dc bi, vit me, dai ic, bi, vit me - dai 6c, ranh hoi bi, khe hd diiu chinh.
1. Mcrdau
Cac bg truyin cd khi hien nay ngdy cdng dfldc cai tiln vd hodn thiln. Trong cd khi da rit quen vdi nhflng bd truyin nhfl: xieh; dai;
banh raa sat; banh rang - banh rang; hdnh rang - thanh rang; true vit - banh vit,...
Tuy vay, cac bd truyen deu cd nhflng Uu diem vd nhUpc diem nhat dinh. Do dd vile nghiin eflu cic bp truyin mdi di dUa vao cae may moc hien nay la mdt vin dl d p thiet.
Cae tac gid da chpn bd truyin vit me - dai dc bi dl nghien cflu vi bd truyen ndy truyen ddng Im di, chinh xac, hiiu suit cao.
2. Noi dung
2.1. Tinh Uu viit cda bp truyen vit me - dai dc bi
Trong mdy edng eu dieu khien sd sfl diing hai dang ed eau vit me - dai dc cd bdn: ca eiu vit me - dai dc thUdng vdi ma sat gifla vit me vd dai dc trong qua trinh chuyen dpng Id ma sdt trflpt va cd d u vit me - dai dc bi vdi ma sat gifla vit me va dai dc trong qua trinh chuyen ddng Id ma sat ldn.
' ThS., Khoa Difin - Cd.
Hinh 1. Cd cdu vit me - dai 6c bi a) Kit cdu cd ranh hoi bi kiiu 6ng;
b) Kit cdu cd ranh hoi bi trong dai 6e.
Cd clu vit me - dai dc bi (Hinh 1) ed nhieu cac flu diem vflpt trdi vd hiin nay dang dflpc sfl dpng ngdy cdng rdng rai trong cdc mdy cdng cu. Sau day Id mdt sd flu diera cua cd cau vit me - dai dc bi:
- Mat mat do ma sat nhd; hieu suit cua bd truyen gin bang 0,9.
- Lflc ma sat hlu nhfl khdng phu thude vao van tde. Dilu do dam bao chuyin ddng dn dinh.
TAP CHl KHOA HOC Vol. 04, No. 18 - 9/2016 M Q ?
Cic phuang phjphjlbiviai^udilnli Idle hdltongrocSu Vlt me-oaiocDi
- Cd the loai trfl khe hd va tao sflc cang ban diu dam bao dp cflng vflng dpc true eao.
- Ddm bdo dd chinh xdc lam vile Ilu dai, 2.2. Ket cdu cda ca cdu vit me - dai dc bi
(Hinh 2)
]
Hinh 2. Kit cdu cua cd cdu vit me - dai 6c bi 1: true vit me; 2: dai oc;
3: cdc viin bi; 4: ong hoi bi.
Hinh 4. Ranh hoi bi kieu ong (khodng hoi biA - B) Ca d u ndy cd diu mflt efla dng hdi bi lap vdi 15 trln dai oc khoan tilp tuyen vdi be mat ren. Dl de ddng cho bi chui qua dng tuin hoan, thi dgc chieu ddi dng dat 2 hoae 3 dng dam bao dan vd phan phdi bi thdnh 2 hodc 3 ddng tuan hodn kin. Kit d u nay cd nhUpc diem Id: cd dUdng kinh hUdng kinh cfla bp truyin tang dang k l va se khdng thuan lpi nlu dilu kiln kit cau chung khdng eho phep ed sfl nhd ra cua cum dai dc nay. Dp ben mdn d dau mflt dng thap, kep chat dng khdng du tin cay.
- Ranh hdi bi thay the trflc t i ^ trong dai 6c (Hinh 5):
Ranh hoi bi
Hip dai 6c Hinh 3. Hinh dnh cdc chi tiit cd bdn
cua cd cdu vit me - dai 6c bi.
2.3. Cdc phUi^g phdp hoi bi
Nhflng viln bi di chuyin trong ranh ren cua vit me - dai dc. Nlu nhfl dai dc bi khdng cd cd d u hdi bi thi nhflng viln bi nay si bi chui ra khdi dai dc khi chflng tdi dilm cudi cflng cfla dai dc. Vi vay md ngfldi ta sfl dung mdt sd phfldng phap hdi bi.
- Ranh kieu ong cong (Hinh 4):
Ranh hoi bi
,N3p dai oc
Hinh 5. Ranh hoi bi thay the trdc tiip trong dai 6c
Cae ranh hen he vdi ren cfla dai oc qua 16 thdng, phia trong cua ranh dflpc che bang thdnh trong cfla cdc bao dai de hoae nap gan vdi dai 6c. Dan hfldng bi vdo 16 (ranh) nhd chd giao dflpc gdn hay van vdi dai dc. Ket clu ndy thuan Ipi cho cdc may can kich thfldc theo phfldng hudng kinh be (so vdi kit d u trUde) nhflng phfle tap trong che tao ddi vdi vlt lieu mem nhfl ddng thanh, ddng dd, thep khdng tdi va ket d u nay khd kep chat vdo dai dc.
1 0 8 TRl/dNG fi;!,! HOC HAI PHONG
ii Thi Lan. Hoing VJn Qu#, Nguyin lien flip
- Ranh hdi bi la 16 dgc khoan trong dai 6c (Hinh 6) la nhflng rinh dfldc phay trong cdc mat diu cfla dai dc. Cho giao 16 (6ng) dan vdi ranh ren dupe dat d mat dau.
Hinh 6. Ranh hoi bi theo lo khoan trong dai 6c
iJu diem cua phfldng phap ndy la ed dp chat va tinh edng nghe cua ket cau.
Nhfldc diem la can thilt tdn tai trln bd phan ranh ngan cho xoay eua viln bi, ldm cho khd nang phin tach toan b6 bi khd vdi mpt sd bi tuan hodn ddc lap.
- Mnh hoi bi ndi 2 vong ren k l tilp (Hinh 7): Ranh ndy d trong nap dac biet dfldc lap thdnh cfla s6 cua dai dc.
Hinh 7. Ranh hoi bi ndi 2 vdng ren kitUp 2.4. Cdc phuang phdp dieu chinh khe hd
dgc true vit me
- Dieu chinh bang dim mdng (Hinh 8,9) 6 phfldng phdp ndy ta phai sfl dung 2 dai dc va dfla 1 vdng dim vao gifla 2 dai oc dl tao lflc cang.
flaiocB flem flaiocAj—i
0iej (hinh li/c cang dai 6c bSng dfm inc cang len
dai 6c Et
SiTtiep xue ciia bi dirdi lac dung ciia life cang hai dai oc A va B
Hinh 8. Diiu chinh khe hd dgc true
film dieu chinh sdc cang
daiScphSi
Hinh 9. Diiu chinh bdng dim mong - Dilu chinh bang 16 xo (Hinh 10).
Phfldng phdp ndy sfl diing Id xo dia dat gifla hai dai dc de t?o lfle cang.
flai6cB ioxo dai6cA
Ngoai life
TAPCHlKHOAHQC Vol. 04, No. 18-9/2016 1 0 9
Cjc pTimmg phip hoi bl vJ d i ^ chinh ktie h i tning CO cau vit m e - d a i i c bl
life cang len B li/ccSnglen A
dai6c A
Tao lUc cang bang each sfl dmig cac vien bi cd dfldng kinh nhd hdn dat xen ke vdi cac vien bi Iam vile (Hinh 12).
^r-
SirtiSp xiic giu? dai oc bi - true vit me khi dieu chinh khe hci nhfl life cang ciJa lb xo
Hinh 10. Dieu chinh bdng Id xo Tao lflc cang bang each thay ddi 1 bfldc ren trln dai de (Hinh 11).
Tao iu'c cang b3ng each thay doi chieu ddi 1 bu'dcvit tren dai oc
True vit me True vit me bl chiu tcli
Hinh 12. Tao lUc cang hdng hi
Hinh 11. Tao lUc cang hdng thay doi bUdc ren 2.5. Mpt so kieu dai oc bi do hdng NSK sdn xudt
Model SFD
2FD DFD DFFD DCD SFT
PFI
ZFT DFT DFFI
Hinh dang
^ ^ G
« *
« S ^
•^aigEsS
s ^
s ^ s=^f
=al=
^ ^ m
•1^^^^
Dang mat bich V d i d < 1 6 e 6 dang ehii'nhat vai d a 20 CO dang troTi hoae khuyet
Co dang tron hoae tron khuyet
Co dang tron hoae tron khuyet
Co dang tron hoae tron khuyet Khong cd vanh VCiid<16cDdangchii'nhat Veil d > 20 cd dang tron hoae khuyet V6id£l6eddangeh0'nhat V6i d > 20 cd dang trdn hole khuyet
Co dang trdn hoae khuyet
Cd dang tron hoae khuyet Vanh trdn
Phifdng phdp cang flai 6c
Khongcang
Cang theo phifcmg phip thii'ba (Z preload) Cang theo phifong phap thd'nhat
(D preload) Gh^p2dai6c Ghep2daioe
Khdng cang
Cang theo phu'ong phSp thiitir [P preload) Cang Iheo phifong ph^p thdba
(Z preload) C3ng theo phu'ong ph^p thdnhSt
Gh^p 2 dai 6c
Kieu hoi bi
N3p hoi bi
NSphoibi
NSphdibi
K3p hoi bi NSphoibi
Cnghoibi
finghdibi
dng hoi bi
dng hoi bi dnghfiibi
1 1 0 T R I / O N G D A I HQC HAi P H d N G
It I h i U n , HoJng Vin Quy. Ngur^n Tiln Ii«p
3. Ket luan
Ndi dung bai vilt da trinh bay nghien eflu vl mdt so vin dl sau:
- Tinh Uu vilt efla bd truyin vit me - dai 6c bi;
- Kit d u cfla bp truyen vit me - dai 6c bi;
- Phfldng phap hdi bi;
- Phflcmg phap dieu chinh khe hd.
Day la nhflng ndi dung tdng quan nhat vl bd truyen vit me - dai dc bi. Qua bai vilt ndy cac tae gid hi vpng se cung d p eho d c nha chuyen mdn mdt tdi hlu vl bp truyin vit me - dai 6c bi d l phuc vu cdng tac nghiin cflu.
Tuy nhien, do khudn kho bai viet cd ban nen cdc tac gia ehfla trinh bdy dUpc chi tilt cae tinh toan thiet ke bd truyen vit me - dai de bi.
Cac tdc gid hi vpng si trinh bdy ndi dung nay trong mdt cudn sach chuyin ngdnh trong thdi gian gin n h i t
Tai lieu tham khdo 1. Pham Dap, Nguyen Anh Tuan (2005),
Thiit ki mdy cdng cu, NXB Khoa hoc vd Ky thuat.
2. N.ACHERKAN.D.SC (1983), Machine Tool Design, PubUsher Moscow.
SOLUTIONS TO BALL RECIRCULATION AND CLEARANCE IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE CREW AND NUT THREAD Abstract
Vitme Ball screw and screw - nut drive has some prominent features such as htde friction, high productivity, smooth movement, stabihty, being able to eliminate slots due to its accuracy, and long operational life.
In spite of its great benefits, making Ball screw and screw - nut drive is still of great diffienilty. In this article, we hope to distribute a Uttle of the manufacture theory in order to help specialists understand the structure, components and operating diseipUnes of Vitme Ball screw and screw - nut drive, which will help to improve manufecture and gradually promote the appUcation of manufacturing Vitme Ball screws and screw - nut drive with the conditions of our country.
Keywords: vitme ball, screw anh screw - nut
(Ngdy nhin bdi: 14/1/2016; Ngay phdn bien danh gia: 17/6/2016; Ngay duylt dang:
15/7/2016)
TAP CHl KHOA HQC V o l . 04, No. 1 8 - 9/2016 H 1