NGHIEN CU'U CHAT LU-QNG GIAC NGO COA SINH VIEN HE CHINH QUY TRU'ONG DAI HOC Y DU'aC HUt
Phgm Bd Bdo Ngdn', Bgng Hong Nhung', Ngt^in Tbi Khdnh Linh' Vo V&n Thdng*, Nguyin Minh Tff (I) Sinh viin Khoa YTCC, Trudng Dgi hgc Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hui (2) Tru&ng Dgi hgc YDugc Hui T6M TAT
Myc tieu: Dinh gii chit lugng giic ngd d sinh vien, tim hieu mgt so yeu to lien quan din chat lugng giic ngii. Phmmg phap nghien cuu: Nghifn cuu md tl cit ngang dugc thyc hifn tren 577 sinh vifn hf chinh quy Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hud. Dft lifu dugc thu thgp bing cich phdng vin dya vio bd ciu hdi v i sd lifu dugc xd li bing phin mdm SPSS 20.0. Chi sd chit lugng giic ngii Pittsburgh (PSQI) da dugc su dyng di kiim tia chit lugng giic ngii (PSQI>S: chit lugng giic ngu kem). Ngoii ra cdn cd thang dinh gii fram cim-lo iu-sfress (DASS2I), cic chl sd sue khde (hiit thudc, idi sdng it vin d$ng, tinh trang dinh dudng vl sdc khde till chit) dl dugc thyc hifn dl tim hiiu cic yiu td lifn quan din chat tui^mg giic ngi. Kit qua: Gid ngii trung binh cda sinh vien li 6,1 gid (SD = 1,05). Tyr If sinh vien cd chit lugng giic ngii kem II 49,4% (n = 577). Cd mdi lien quan gifta chat lugng giac ngii vdi mgt sd ylu td: cing thing, trim clm, lo lu, khdng gian ngii, tilng dn, thdi quen ngii trua, cing thing hgc t§p, thdi gian sd dyng internet vi sy kifn cuge sdng. Ket lugn: Chit lugng giic ngd cua sinh vifn Y Dugc Hud II mdt vin de cin quan tam.
7 ^ khda: Thang do chdt lugng gidc ngd Pittsburgh (PSQI), chdt lugng gidc ngu, sinh viin.
ABSTRACT
SLEEP QUALITY AND ITS RELATED FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN VIET NAM
Pham Ba Bao Ngan', Dang Hong Nhimg', Nguyen Ihi Khanh Linh' Vo Van Thang', Nguyen Minh Tu*
(1) Students of Faculty of Public Health, Hue Umversity of Medicine and Pharmacy (2) Hue University of Medicine emd Pharmacy Aim: Assessing the sleep quality of students and its determinants among undeigraduate students at Hue University of Medicme and Pharmacy (Hue UMP). Method: Cross-section was used m this research. The research was conducted on 577 students at Hue UMP by stratified sampling methods.
Datii were collected by interviewing along with stiiictured questionnaire and data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used as a ti)ot to examine sleep quality (PSQI
>5: Poor sleep quality). Other scales such as Depression - Anxiety - Stress Scale (DASS2t), healUi indicators (smokmg, sedentary lifestyle, nutritional condition, and physical health) were used to explore the determinants affecting sleep quality. Result: The mean hours of students' sleep at Hue UMP was 6.1 hours (SD = 1.05). The percentage of students who have poor sleep quality was 49.4% (n = 577). There was significant relationship between sleep quality and some factors, such as stress, depression, anxiety, sleeping space, noise, naptime, pressure on study, time using the intemet and life events. Conclusion:
Sleep quality of undergraduate students at Hue UMP is a problem which must be concerned Keywords: Pittsburgh Sleep Qualily Index (PSQI), sleep quality, academic performance, student.
• Dfa chi USn h$: NgiiySn Thi Khdnh L^email: ntkhanhjinh', „ _ , -Ngdy nhgn bdi: 25/3/2016 * Ngdy d§mi ddng: 22/4/2016* Ngdyxudtban: 29/4/2016 4 Tgp chf Y Duvc hgc - Trvims Dgi hgc Y Duyc Hui - So Dac bift
L D A T V A N D i
Vai frd quan frgng ciia giic ngu frong vifc duy tri sdc khde tinh than, hgc tgp, vl sdc khde ndi chung di nhgn dugc sy chd f ding kd frong thip k^r qua[16]. Tuy nhifn, hifn nay tinh trgng chat tugng giac ngu bj giim siit dang rit j ^ d biin v l mang lai nhihig hgu qui nghifm trgng trong cuge sdng. Tgi Vift Nam dl cd mgt sd nghifn cdu ve chit lugng giac ngii nhung phin idn tgp trung vao dg tudi trung nifn, ngudi cao tudi hay bfnh nhin, cdn d ddi tugng sinh vifn d$c bift 11 sinh vifn y khoa van chua dugc xem trgng[14][l5].Sinh vien y khoa dugc col II mgt quin the d$c bift dd gip elc vin de lien quan den giic ngu do tidp xdc vdi mdt mdc dg ding kl Ip lyc frong hgc tgp[2], dieu niy Inh hudng tryc tiep din chat lugng giic ng6 ciia sinh vifn.
Ben cgnh dd ty If sinh vifn y khoa mic stress trim cim cao han so vdi sinh vifn cic nginh khic vi so vdi din cu ndi chung [I][2]. VI v§y, nghien cdu niy ti mgt budc tiip tyc dinh gll nhftng vin de sue khde tim thin ciia sinh vifn Y khoa vdi cac myc tieu cy thd sau:
1. Ddnh gid chdt lugng gidc ngd theo thang diem Pittsburgh & sinh viin hi chinh quy thugc Dgi hgc Y Diegc Hui.
2. Um hieu cdc yiu Id liin quan vdi rdi logn gidc ngu theo thang diim Pittsburgh & sinh viin hi chinh quy lhu0c Dgi hgc YDugc Hui
2. D 6 I TUgfNG VA PHU'ONG P H A P NGHI&N CtXJ
2.1. Doi tugng: Nghien cdu dugc thyc hifn frfn sinh vifn hf chfnh quy frong 8 nginh hgc:
Y da khoa, y hgc dy phdng, y hgc cd truyin, ring him m|t td nlm 1 ddn nlm 6; dugc td nlm 1 din nlm 5; dilu dudng, k5^ thu§t y hgc, y t l cdng cgng td nlm 1 din nim 4 - Trudng Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hui.
Nghifn cdu thyc hifn td thing 3 din thing 9 nim 2015.
2.2. Thiet k l nghifn cuu: Sd dyng thidt kl nghien cdu md t i cit ngang.
2.3. C& mau va phuffng phip ch9n mau:
chgn miu chiim nhieu giai dogn, chgn dugc 577 sinh vifn frong 8 nginh hgc hf chinh quy tgi
tnrdng Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hue.
+ Giai dogn 1: Chgn tit cl sinh vifn hf chinh quy cda tit ca cic nginh thudc frudng Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hui.
+ Giai dogn 2: Chgn ngau nhieu 2 Idp frong mdi nginh.
+ Giai dogn 3: Chgn nglu nhien 1/2 sinh vifn hifn cd m|t tgi Idp hgc, phit phieu didu tra.
2.4. Phuorng p h i p thu thSip thdng tin:
Phiiu dieu fra ty diin dugc thiit kl sin.
2.5. Cong cy d i n h gia
- Thang do chat lugrng giic ngu Pittsburgh (PSQI)[18]: Thang do chat lugng giic ngii - Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI dugc de nghj sd dyng c i frong thyc hinh lam sing vi nghifn cdu tim than. Thang do PSQI l i tdng hgp dilm ciia m$t bing gdm 21 cau hdi: 4 clu hdi md, 14 clu hdi khi tri Idi cin dya trfn tin suit sy kifn (khdng, it horn 1 tin/ tuin, 1-2 tin/ tuin, 3 ho$c tren 3 tin/tuin) trfn 7 phuang difn: Chit lugng giic ngii theo dinh gii chli quan, thdi gian 6k di vio giic ngii, hifu qui giac ngu theo thdi quen (t^ tf toin b$ thdi gian ngu v i thdi gian nlm tren giudng), cic ylu td inh hudng den giac ngii, vifc sd dyng thuoc kich thich giac ngu (bao gom c i thudc dugc ke dan v i khdng kf dan) vi nhdng bit thudng vl thdi gian ngu trong ngiy. Vdi sd dilm dao d$ng td 0 ddn 21 diem, vdi didm cing cao thi chit lugng giac ngu cing kem, ndu tdng diim PSQI ldn ban 5 diem thi dugc dinh gii 11 chat tugng giac ngu kem.
- Thang dilm dinh gia lo au - t r i m cim - stress DASS 21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale)[17]: ti mgt thang do ciia 3 vin dl lo au, trim clm vi stress. Thang do cd 21 clu hdi gdm:
7 clu hdi dinh gii lo iu, 7 cau hdi dinh gii trim cim, 7 ciu hdi dinh gii sfress. Mdi clu hdi dugc dinh gii theo 4 mdc dO: khdng ddng vdi bin thin; ding phin it va thinh thoing mdi diing;
dung phin nhilu v l phin ldn thdi gian 11 ding;
hoin toan dung v i hau bet thdi gian la dung. Kit qui cudi cCing dugc tinh nhu sau:
Dilm ciia Trim clm, Lo au v i Sfress dugc tinh bing cich cgng diim elc clu hot thinh phan, rdi nhan hf sd 2.
Tgp chf Y Dugrc hgc - Trirdng Dgi h^c Y Dugc Hui - Sd D$c bift 275
Mirc 30 Binh thufmg Nh?
Vila Ning Rat nang
IVamcam 0 - 9 10-13 14-20 2 1 - 2 7
>28
Logu 0 - 7 8 - 9 10-14 1 5 - 1 9
>20
Stress 0 - 1 4 1 5 - 1 8 19-25 2 6 - 3 3 a4 - Tbang do biln cd vda xiy ra [17]
Thang do nly hdi vf cic biin cd xay ra frong vdng 12 thing trudc ke td ngiy dieu tia. Ibang do gom 15 ciu hdi ve cic ngi dung gom: Mic bfnh n$ng hoic bj tiiuang n$ng, bj dinh, bj cudp, ngudi thin trong gja dmh qua ddi, kit tiiiic mgt mdi quan hf lang mgn, ket tiiuc mgt mdi quan hf gin gQi, bj luu ban, tiii trugt, khdng tiie tun thay chd d phii hgp trong 1 thing, cd vin dl vdi cinh sa^ vi phgm ngi qity trucmg hgc, mgt ngudi thin da trii qua bfnh ning ho$c bj thuang n ^ g hole bj dinh, bit ddng vdi cha mg. Trong nghien cdu niy bidn "biln cd viia xiy ra trong vdng 12 thing vda qua" dugc chia lim 2 nhdm: Khdng cd bien cd nio; > 1 biin cd vda xayra.
2.6. Cic bien so nghien cuu
Biin phy thugc: Chit lugng giac ngu theo tiiang dilm PSQI (chat lugng giic ngii kem, chit lugng giic ngii tdt)
Bien dgc tip: Tudi, gidi, tdp, nginh hgc, ty danh gii cing thing hgc tip (cd; khdng), thdi quen ngii trua (thudng xuyen > 4 lin/ tuin; khdng thudng xuyen), ty dinh gll khdng gian ngi (tholi mii; khdng tholi mii), sd gid ngii dugc m§i dem (biln djnh tugng), dinh gii tram cam to au stress theo thang do DASS2I(binh thudng; nhg; vda;
ngng; rat n$ng), bien co vua xay ra trong 12 thing (Ididng cd bien co nao; >l bien cd).
2.7. Phan tich so lifu: So lifu thu tii|p dugc ma hda sau dd dugc xd ly vi phan tich bing phin mem SPSS 20.0. Phfp kilm djnh test chi square (-j^) d mdc f nghTa a = 0,05 dugc sd dyng de so sinh sy khic bigt gida hai hay nhieu ty If. Md hinh hdi quy da bien logistic dugc sd dyng de phin tich ddng thdi mdi lien quan ciia nhidu bien dgc lip vm chat lugng giac ngii.
3. KtT QUA NGHIEN CtTU
3.1. D$c dilm chung ciia ddi tirgng nghifn cdu Tdng cgng cd 577 smh vien tham gia n^ien cuu.
Nghien cdu bao gom 126 sinh vien nam (21,8%) 451 sinh vifn nd (78,2%). Nginh y da khoa 113 sinh vien, y hgc dy phdng 63 sinh vien, y hgc cd tiuyen 74 sinh vifn, ring ham mit 59 sinh vifn, dilu dudng 79 sinh vien, ky thugt y hgc 42 sinh vien, y tk cdng c$ng 73 sinh vien, dugc 74 sinh vien.
3.2. Mo ta chat lugng giac ngii cua sinh vien theo thang diem PSQI
Nh$n x&t: Tyr If sinh vifn cd chit lugng giac ngu k^m dugc dinh gii theo thang dilm PSQI chiem gan 1/2.
Bang Chat lugmg gi^c ngii S6 gi6 ngii m6i dem
Trung bmh Cao nhat Thap nhat
3.1: Md til gicr ngu mdi dSm c6a sinh viSn Kitty
(n=285 ) 5,65 ±0,98
8,50 1,00
Tot (n=292) 6,57 ±0,9 9,67 3,85
Tong cOng (n=577) 6,12 ±1,05
9,67 1,00 Nhgn xet: Thdi gian ngii tiling bmh mdi dem ciia sinh vien II 6,12 ± 1,05 gid, nhdm sinh vien cd chit lugng giic ngii kem li 5,65 ± 0,98 gid.
Tgp chf Y Dugc hgc - Tnrdng Dgi bgc Y Duyc Hui - Sd DSc bift
3.3. Cdc yeu tS lien quan den Bang 2. M6 hinh hSi qu Bi^n Cdng thdng hoc tgp Thoi quen ngu trua
KMnggian ngil
chSt \tttfng giac ngu ciia sinh viSn
da bien logistic cdc yeu t6 liSn quan den chat lu(?ng gi4c ngii.
s6 d^c l9p Khdng C6 Thu6ng xuydn Khdng thudrng xuydn Thoai mdi Khdng thodi mdi Sd gid ngU du^ mdidem
Trdm cdm
Stress
Bien co
Binh thucmg Nh?
Vita Ndng R^tnjng Binh thudng Nhe Vira NSng Ratn^ng Khdng Cd
Da bien (0R= 95% CI) 1 2,9 (1,77- 4,74)
1 1,58(1,06-2,36)
1 1,67(1,12-2,48) 0,26(0,19-0,34)
1 2,96(1,66-5,29)
2,26(1,16-4,4) 5,02(1,63-15,39)
1,02(0,24-4,39) 1 1,61(0,9-2,88) 1,1(0,53-1,91) 5,25 (1,71-16,07)
1,2(0,23-6,16) 1 1,82(1,18-2,79) Nhin xft: Sinh vien ty dinh gii chuang trinh
hgc tgp cing thing cd chat lugng giic ngu kem gip gin 3 lin(OR=2,9; 95%CI: 1,77- 4,74) so vdi nhdm sinh vifn con lgi.
Nhdm sinh vifn g§p it nhit mOt biln cd mdi xiy ra trong vdng 12 thing qua cd chit lugng giic ngii kem cao gip 1,82 lan (OR = 1,82; 95%CI:
1,18-2,79).
Nhom sinh vien cd thdi quen ngti trua khdng thudng xuyfn cd chit lugng giac ngu kdm gip 1,58 lin (OR = 1,58; 95%CI: 1,06- 2,36).
Nhdm sinh vien ty dinh gii khdng gian ngd khdng tholi mii cd chit Ivtejng giic ngu k^m gip 1,67 lin ( 0 R = 1,67; 95%CI: 1,12- 2,48).
So gid ngii dugc moi dem cua sinh vien cing it thi nguy ca chit lugng giac ngii k^m cing cao (b = -1,36<0), xic suit chit lugng giic ngii kem sf giim 0,26 Ian cho mdi gid ngCi cgng them.
Nhdm sinh vien cd mdc dO frim clm nhg cd nguy CO chat lugng giic ngi kfm gap gan 3 lan (0R=2,96;95%Cr: 1,66-5,29); frim cim vda cd nguy CO chit lugng giac ngii kf m gap 2 lan(0R = 2,26; 95%CI: 1,16- 4,4) vi mdc dd tram cim n$ng cd nguy ca chit lugng giic ngu kf m ting gip 5 lin (OR = 5,02;95%CI: 1,63-15,39).
Nhdm sinh vien cd mdc dg stress n$ng cd chat lugng giic ngii k6m gip 5,25 lin (OR = 5,25;
95%CI; 1,71-16,07).
Tgp chf Y Dugc hgc - Trudng Dgi hgc Y Dugc Hui - Sl D|c bift 277
4. BAN LUAN
4.1. Chat lugng giac ngii ciia sinh vien Trang nghien cdu ciia National Sleep Foundation Hoa Kf (NSF) thdi gian ngd dugc kiln nghj d nhdm 18 - 25 tiidi li 7-9 gid [7].
Trong nghien cdu ciia chung tdi thdi gian ngu tiling binh ciia 577 smh vifn la 6,1± 1,05 gid mdi dem, thdi gian ngu niy Ii it han so vdi thdi gian ngii kien nghj ciia NSF. Ket qui nly cung tuang ty vdi mgt nghien cdu gida cic sinh vien dgi hgc ngudi Palestine, Sweileh vl cic dong nghifp cho thiy thdi gian trung binh cua sinh vien 116,4 ± 1,1 gid [8]. Mgt nghien cdu gida cic sinh vien dgi hgc Hin Qu6c cung cd kit qui tuang ty 11 6,7 ± 1,3 gid [9]. Trong nghifn cdu nly, nhdm ddi tugng ciia nghifn cdu 11 sinh vien trudng dai hgc y dugc, hg da bio d o ring vi da dinh nhieu thdi gian cho vifc hgc nfn thdi gian ngu it lgi. Tuy nhifn nfu keo dii tinh trgng nay thi hg II sd ngudi cd nguy ca cao vf rdi loan giac ngii.
Bidu do 3.1 cho thiy ty If cao sinh vifn cd chat lugng giac ngii kem dugc dinh gia bing thang do chit lugng giac ngu Pittsburgh Ii 49,4%. Trong sd cic sinh vifn nu, ty If sinh vien cd chat lugng giac ngu kf m chiem 49,7%. Trong so cic sinh vien nam, ty If chit lugng giic ngd kf m chiim 48,4%.
Ket qui nly cao hem so vdi ty tf chit tugng giic ngii kfm ciia ngudi frfn 50 tudi d Vift Nam (nam gidl: 28,5%; nd gidi: 37,6%) frong nghien cdu ciia Saverio Sfranges va cgng sy vd vin df giic ngu frfn 40.000 ngudi td 50 tudi frd len d 8 qudc gia chau Fhi vi chiu A.[10]
Ket qui nghien cdu ctia ch6ng tdi tuang ty vdi mdt so nghifn cdu trudc do dugc thyc hien tien c$ng ddng sinh vien dgi hgc d mgt sd nude fren thi gidi. Nghifn cdu ciia Shu Hui Cheng va cgng sy dl cdng bd ty If chit lugng giic ngii kem ciia sinh vifn dgi hgc d Dai Loan n ^ 2012 l i 54,7%[5].
Them vio do nghifn cdu ciia chiing tdi cho thiy ty If cao sinh vien cd chit tugng giac ngu kem do cic nguyen nhin: thdi gian ngii mdi dem qua it, khdng the di vio giic ngii tiong vdng 30 phut, g$p khd khin dd duy fri hdng thii hoan thinh cic cdng vifc.
4.2. Mgt 50 ylu td li£n quan vdi chit Ivgng giac ngu ciia sinh vi£n.
Cing thing h9c t | p : Qua Bing 3.2 cho tiiay
cd sy lien quan vl chit lugng giic ngii vdi sy cing tiling cua chuong trinh hgc do sinh vien ty dinh gii. Nhdng sinh vien cho ring chucmg frinh hgc ciia hg li cing thing cd ti If chit lugng giic ngu kfm cao ban gip gin 3 lin (OR=2,9; 95%CI;
1,77 - 4,74) so vdi sinh vifn cho ring chuang trinh hgc ciia hg l i khdng cing thing. Sy khic bift nay cd y nghTa thdng ke vdi p<0,05. Nghifn cdu "Mdi lien quan gifta cing thing hgc tgp vdi sy khd ngi cua sinh vifn Trudng Dai hgc Y Pakistan" cung cho thiy mdi lifn quan tuang ty gida chat tugng giac ngii va sy cing thing trong hgc tgp vdi p<0,05 [11].
Thdi quen ngii trua: Ket qui nghien cdu cho thiy ti If nhdm sinh vien cd thdi quen ngti trua khdng thudng xuyen cd chat lugng giac ngii kem gip 1,58 lan nhdm smh vien cd thdi quen ngu thudng xuyen (4 - 7lan/ 1 tuin).
Khong gian ngd: Trong nghifn cdu cua chiing tdi tim thiy mdi lien quan ciia chat lugng giac ngi vl ty danh gll khdng gian ngi (bing 3.2). Sinh vifn cd khdng gian ngii khdng tholi mil thi co ty If chit lugng giic ngti kem cao hon so vdi cac nhdm cdn tgi. Sy tdiic bigt nay cd y nghTa thong ke (p<0,05; CI: 95%). Dilu nly tuang ty vdi nghien cdu Insaf Altun, Nursan Cinar vi Cemlle Dede vl elc ydu td gdp phin vio chit lugng giic ngii kem trong theo cic sinh vien dgi hgc d Tho NhT Ky 2012, trong nghien cuu dd da thiy dugc mdi lien quan cua chat lugng giac ngii vl 5 yeu td v§t ly: tidp xiic vdi khdi tiiudc II trong phdng ngii, tilng dn, chit lugng khdng khi ciia cln phong, miii hucmg phdng (dd md hdi, nude hoa, dgim...), vi tidng dn gly ra bdi nhihig ngudi khlc[12]. 6 nhom doi tugng nghien cdu ciia chiing toi, da so li sinh vifn sdng xa gia dinh nfn tiiudng ti d trg, vl sdng frong phdng nhd hgp d mgt dly frg mgt khu t§p tiie ddng die vi khdng khi d Thua ThiSn Hui d$ im tuang ddi cao nen thudng xuyen tidp tilng dn vi khdng khi im thap. Dilu nay Inh hirdng tryc tiep din chit tugng giic ngii ciia doi tugng nghien cuu.
Stress, trim cam: Trong nghiSn edu ciia chung tdi, stiess 11 ylu td nguy ca din tdi chit lugng giic ngu k6m. Ket qui niy tuong ty vdi nghien cdu trSn sinh vien trudng dgi hgc Pakistan ciia Waqas A.L cho tiiay sy khic bift ti If chit lugng 278 Tgp chf Y Dugc hgc - IVirdng Dgi bgc Y Dugc Hui - Sd D|ic bift
giac ngii k^m gifta nhdm cd vi khdng cd stiBss li CO f nghTa tiidng kS (OR=l,99; p<0,05)[6]. BSn cgnh do nghifn cdu cdn cho thiy trim cam 11 yeu td nguy ca ciia chat lugng giic ngu k6m. Nhdm sinh vien cd mdc dg trim clm nhg vl viia cd chat lugng giic ngd kem cao gip 3 lan vl nhdm sinh vifn cd muc 6^ trim clm n$ng cd chat lucmg giic ngii kem cao gip 5 lin so vdi nhdm khdng bj tram clm. Dilu nly cd till giii thich ring nhung sinh vifn cd stiess hay trim clm thi thudng khd di via giic ngi, khd duy tri giac ngii, ngii qui nhieu, ngii ngiy, tilde dgy cim thiy mft mdi... giy inh hudng tryc tidp len chit lugng giic ngii vl co thi Iim tinh trang cua hg tf han.[13]
Bien cd vda xay ra: Ket qui nghien cdu cho tiiiy cd sy khic bift cd y nghTa thong kf (p<0,OS;
T A i n | ; u 1 Hung Nguyen Van "Stress and Its Effects on
AcademicAchievementamong Preclinical Students at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam"- Joumai of Medicine and Pharmacy.
2. Anh Tran Quynh, Michael P. Dunne, Hoat Luu Ngoc "Well being, depression and suicidal ideation among medical students throu^out Vietnam"- Joumal of Medicine and Pharmacy.
3. Hirshkowitz M (2015), National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and resultssummaiy. Sleep Health . 4. Insaf Almn, N. C. C. D. (2012). "The contributing
factors to poor sleep experiences in according to the university students: A cross-sectional study."
Joumai of Research in Medical
5. Shu Hui Cheng, Hui Lee, Yi-Wen Hou, Kao Chin Chen, Kow-Tong Chen, Yen Kuang Yang, Yi Ching Yang, (2012). "A study on the sleep quality of incoming university students." Joumai of Psychiany Research 197 (3) 270-274.
6. Waqas A1,K. S., Sharif Wl, Khalid Ul, AH Al.
(2015). "Association of academic stress with sleepuig difficulties m medical students of a Pakistani medical school: a cross sectional survey."
PeerJ.2015; 3: 840.
7. MaxHushkowitz vl cdng sy (2015), "National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations:
methodology and results summary", Joumai of die National Sleep Foundation. 1:1 page 40-43.
8. Sweileh WM, "Sleep habits and sleep problems among Palestmian students."
CI: 95%) gida nhdm sinh vien cd cic bidn cd xiy ra trong vdng 12 tiling vdi chat lugng giic ngi kSm. Theo dd, nhftng sinh vifn cd bidn cd xiy ra trong vdng 12 tiling cd chit lugng giac ngii k6m gip xip xi lin 2 lin (OR=l,82; 95%CI; 1,18 - 2,79) so vdi nhdm sinh viSn cdn Igi.
5. K t T L U ^ VA i a £ N NGHJ T;^ tf sinh vien cd chat tugng giac ngii kfm chidm gan 50%, cic ylu td vl tim tiian, tdi sdng vi mdi trudng dugc tim thay cd USn quan den chit tugng giic ngii.
Phd biin kiln thdc de giii quyit van 6k tam ty, cic bifn phip glim stress, trim cam, to au phu hgp. Nang cao chit lugng giic ngii II dilu cin thiet d sinh vien y Ichoa.
THAMKHAO
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