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HQ THAU DAU (EUPHORBIACEAE) Cf VIET NAM - NGUON NGUYEN LIEU
CHLTA HOAT CHAT SINH HOC PHONG PHU VA DAY TIEM NANG ' LA DIiNH M O I , C H A U VAN MINH DAI DUY BAN, PHAM HOANG NGQC PHAN VAN KIEM, TRAN MINH H(;n, TRAN HUY THAI LE MAI HU'ONG, NINH KHAC BAN, NGUYEN THI HIEN Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam NGUYEN NGHIA THIN, NGUYEN THI KIM THANH
Dgi hoc Qude gia Hd Ngi Trong He thirc vat Viet Nam, Thiu diu (Euphorbiaceae) la mot trong s6 cac ho co s6 loai da dang va phong phu nhit. Day cung la ht? co nhimg loai cay kinh ti, cay thuoc co gia tri d Viet Nam. Dang chii y trong so do la: Cao su (Hevea braziliensis) - mgt cay cong nghiep quan trong, tiep theo la San (Manihot esculenta) - nguon nguyen lifu cho tinh hot c6 gia tri d cac tinh trung du, mien mii va Tay Nguyen. Mpt so loai la cay cho dau beo (Thau diu - Ricinus communis;
Trau - Vemicia fordii, V. montana; Lai - Aleurites moluccana; Den - Cleidiocarpon cavaleriei, C. laurinum; Dau me - Jatropha curcas...). Den nay, da thong ke dugc khoang 75 loai thuoc 30 chi trong ho Jhau dau dugc sir dung lam thuoc trong y hgc dan tge a nhieu dia phucmg trong ca nud-c. Mgt so san phim thuic nhu "HEPAMARJN", "XUVIR", "TRIVIGA" diing chira tri cac benh ve gan; "ABANA" co tac dung ha lipid, ire chi ting hgp cholesterol d gan... da dugc chi bien tir cac loai Digp ha chau ding (Phyllanthum amarus), Cho de rang cua (Phyllanthus urinaria). Me rimg (Phyllanthus emblica)... Gin day co "Tra hoa tan MALLOTUS" thuc phim chirc nang dimg ho trg diiu tri cac bfnh ung thu, da dugc chi bien tir loai Ba bet tring (Mallotus apelta). Nhirng thong tin da co cho thay, hau nhu tat ca cac chi va loai trong ho Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae) deu co kha nang sinh tong hc^p va tich luy cac hgp chat tu nhien co hoat tinh siffli hgc cao. Trong do co nhieu hgp chat thugc cac nhom triterpenoid, flavonoid, ancaloid, ditcrpenoid, phorbol diterpen, phorbol ester, benzopyran... co hoat tinh khang oxy hoa, gay dgc te bao, khang virus, khang khuan, khang nam... dugc chiet xuat tir nhirng loai thugc cac chi Ba hit (Mallotus), Ba dau (Croton), Me (Phyllanthus), Dau me (Jatropha), Don tia (Excoecaria)...
I. PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ
Thu thap, xir ly, h? thing cac thong tin da c6, dSc bift la ve cac dac diem sinh hgc, hoa hgc
\i cong dung. To chuc cac dgt diiu tra, nghien cuu thyrc dia, thu mau mgt so loai ciia nhung chi c6 nhieu trien vgng de nghien curu ve cac dac diem sinh hgc, phan tich, tach chiet, xac dinh cac hgp chat t\r nhien va thir ho^t tinh sinh hgc. Ap dung cac phuang phap dieu tra trong cgng dong de thu thap tri thirc ban dia ve vifc khai thac, sir dung cac loai thugc hg Thau dau de lam thuoc trong y hgc dan gian.
Mau vat sau khi thu dugc giam djnh ten khoa hgc, xir ly so bg de on dinh hoat chat, sau do dirge chiit bing MeOH, tao hgp chit tho. Phan lap cac hgp chat bang sic ky Idrp mong (TLC), s3c ky idp mong diiu chi, sic ky cgt (CC), sic ky long hifu nang cao (HPLC). Xac dinh cau tnic mgt so hgp chit bing cac phuong phap pho hifn dai (pho khoi lugng - MS, pho tir ngoai - UV, pho cgng hudng tir hat nhan - NMR, phi hong ngoai - IR). Hoat tinh ciia nhieu hgp chat da dugc thir nghifm in vitro va in vivo.
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II. KET QUA NGHIEN CUXl VA THAO LUAN
1. Su- da dang cua hg Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae) ff Vi|t Nam
Trong He thuc vat Vift Nam, Thiu dau (Euphorbiaceae) dugc eoi la hg idn, giau loai thir tu (sau cac hg Lan - Orchidaceae, Dau - Le^uminosae, Liia - Graminae) trong s6 305 hg Thi/c vat bac cao co mach. Q Viet Nam, hg Thiu dau (Euphorbiaceae) hifn da biit cd 75 chi cimg khoang fren 450 loai va 16 thu; frong s6 do co 1 chi (Noi - Oligoceras), cimg 131 loai (chiim 31,58%
so loai cua ca hg) va 9 thu (khoang 56,25%) dugc eoi la dac hihi. Phin Idn cac loai va thir dac hihi diu chi gap phan bo rit han chi d mgt vai dia phuong trong ca nude. Sach Do Viet Nam (1996, 2007) da ghi nhan co 5 loai cua hg Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae) thugc loai quy hiem va bj de doa tuyft chiing.
Cac chi CO so loai phong phii va da dang nhat trong hg Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae) lan lugt la:
Me (Phyllanthus) - 48 loai, Ba dau (Croton) - 45 loai, Ba bet (Mallotus) - 37 loai, Choi moi (Antidesma) - 29 loai; cac chi Co sira (Euphorbia), Bgt ech (Glochidion) va Mong long (Trigonostemon) diu cd 26 loai, Rau ngot (Sauropus) - 23 loai. Cac chi cd tren 10 loai gom: Bo cu ve (Breynia), Ba soi (Macaranga), Cach hoa (Cleistanthus), Thau tau (Aporosa), Tho mat (Bridelia), Da ga (Actephila). Tai tugng (Acalypha) - 8 loai. Toi 30 chi chi co 1 loai duy nhat.
Nhiing chi con lai thucmg gom 2 - 4 loai. Cac chi co so loai dugc eoi la dac htiai phong phii lan lugt la: Me rimg (Phyllanthus) - 26 loai, Ba dau (Croton) - 19 loai, Mong long (Trigonostemon) - 10 loai, Rau ngot (Sauropus) - 9 loai, Bo cu ve (Breynia) - 8 loai, Cach hoa (Cleistanthus) - 7 loai, Ba bet (Mallotus) - 6 loai. Da ga (Actephila) - 6 loai, Bgt ech (Glochidion) - 5 loai va Vong do (Alchomea) - 4 loai. Cac dang song gSp cr hg Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae) co the la co hang nam, co nhieu nam, b\ii, bui truon, day leo, go nho hoSc go Ion. Chiing phan b i kha rgng rai a cac hf sinh thai khac nhau tir cac vimg ven bien, rugng vuon, dong co den cac tham cay bui va cac loai hinh rung thu sinh hoac nguyen sinh tren mil cao.
2. Cac hgp chat tu nhien co boat tinh sinh hgc a cac chi trong hg Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae)
Hau nhu tat ca cac loai frong hg Thau dau deu co chiira nhira mu va chiing thuang rat dgc.
Nhira mii tir Cao su (Hevea braziliensis) la nguon nguyen lieu quan trgng trong cong nghifp.
Song noi chung, nh\ra mu ciia nhieu loai lai co the gay di ung, gay ngung kit hong cau, gay dgc doi vai nguai va gia siic. Tuy vay, nh\ra mii cua nhieu loai lai la nguin dugc lifu co gia tri do c6 chiira cac hgp chat co hoat tinh sinh hgc cao. Hifn nay, nhung nghien curu ve mat hoa hgc doi vai cac loai, cac chi trong hg Thau diu a Vift Nam tuy con trong giai doan diu va chua nhieu, nhung cung da phat hifn them hang loat cac hgp chit tu nhien co hoat tinh sinh hgc cao, trong do CO nhieu hgp chit mai co gia trj. Dang chii y trong so do la hgp chit malloapelta B tis loai Ba bet (Mallotus apelta) co hoat tinh iirc chi manh qua trinh hoat hoa yiu to phien ma NF-kB, co the lie chi sir phat trien ciia mgt so dong t i bao ung thu ngucri (ung thu biiu mo KB, ung thu mang tir cung FL, ung thu gan Hpp-G2 va ung thu mang tim RD). Cac hgp chit t\r nhien cr c^c loai, cac chi thugc hg Thiu diu rit phong phii, rit da dang. Va duoi day la nhirng thong tin khdi quat o mgt s i chi:
Chi Me (Phyllanthus): Nhiiu hgp chit friterpenoid nhu: phyllanthol, P-amyrin... (tir P.
acidus), lupeol, lupenon (tir P. emblica), friedelan-3-P-ol, friedelin, P-sitosteroI, beUilinic acid, glochidonol, 21-a-hydroxy-friedelan-4(23)-en-3-one (tir P. reticulatus), P-amyrin, p-sitosterol, tricontanol... (tu P. urinaria). Cac hgp chit flavonoid nhu: quercetin-3-glucosid, rutin (tir f.
amarus), quercetin, kaemferol, astragalin (tir P. emblica)... Cac hgp chit ancaloid thugc nhom quinolizidin nhu: phyllanthin, securinin, norsecurinin, isobulebialin, epibubbitin (tir P. amarus), allosecurin, phyllantidin, phyllantin, hypophyllantin (tir P. amarus. P. urinaria). Nhieu hgp chat
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tanin nhu geraniin, amariin, gallocatechin (tir P. arnarus), phyllembin, gallotannin, ellagitannin terchcbin, corilagin, chebulagic acid.^. (tirP. emblica)... Cdn gap cac phenolic acid d nhilu loai khac (P. aeidiis, P. emblica, P. reticulatus, P. simplex...). Cic hgp chit chiit tir cac loai Diep ha chau ding (P. amarus), Chd de ring-cua (P. urinaria) cd boat tinh khang vims, khing khuin, die bift la lie chi hoat ddng ciia vims viem gan B. Cic hgp chit tir qua Me rimg (P. emblica) co tac dung phdng chdng mgt so dang ung thu, kim ham sy phit trien cua vims HIV va ching suy giam mien djch.
Chi Ba diu (Croton): Trong nhya mu ciia nhilu loii thugc chi Ba dau cd chira cic hgp chit phorbol diterpen, thudng gip Ii ciehhdm chit 12,13-diester; 12,13,20-friester... Cic loai trong chi Ba dau cdn chira cic nhdm chit diterpen, diterpen lacton, furanoides terpen... Cic loai trong chi Ba diu d nude ta phong phii vi cd tcii tren 42%) sd loii li die hiru. Song din nay, nhumg nghien ciiu vl mat boa hgc cdn it va mdi bit dau d mgt vii loii. Tu loii Khd sim (C.
tonkinensis) nhieu hgp chit flavonoid, ancaloid, diterpennoid, triterpen acetat... da dugc phan lap va nhin dang. Die bift la da phan lap dugc 13 hgp chit e/ir-kaurane-diterpengid mdi vdi ten ggi la crotonkin 1-13. Cic thdng tin da cd cho biet, djch chiet tu Khd sam (C tonkinensis) cd hoat tinh khang khuin, khing ky sinh trimg sdt ret. Nhumg thir nghifm budc dau ciing canh bio, cac chit dgc chirajrong hat, trong nhya mil ciia mgt sd loii thudc chi Ba dau (C. tiglium, C.
roxburghii...) cd the la mgt trong nhiimg tic nhan lim ting khi ning tao thinh cic khdi u.
Chi Ba bet (Mallotus): Tir Ba bet tring {M. apelta), ngoai cic hgp chat da biet (hennadiol, epifriedelanol, friedelanol, friedelin, taraxeron, epitaraxerol, isopimpinellin, P-caroten, lutein, betulaprenol 10, a-tocopherol, rra«.y-phytoI, squalen, ergosterol, stigmasterol, acid octadeca-9, 12, 15-friene-oie, daucosterol, astilbil, quercitrin), nhtimg nghien ciru gin day da phan lap vi xic djnh cau triic ciia 7 hgp chat benzopyran mdi cimg mgt triterpen mdi 3a-hydroxyhop-22(29)- ene. Die bift li vifc phit hifn va xic djnh hgp chit mdi malloapelta B, cd ten diy dii la l-(5,7)- dimetoxy-2,2-dimethyI-2H-chromen-8-yl)-but-2'-en-r-one cd boat tinh uc che qui trinh hoat hoa yeu td nhin NF-kB rit cao. Cic flavonoid tir loii Cam Ign {M. luehenensis) da dugc phin lap va xic djnh gdm quercetin, kaempferol, juglanin, astilbin, afzelin, astragalin, quercitrin, myricitrin. (3 Bye buc trudn (M. repandus) ciing da biet cd chua cic hgp chat nhu: bergenin, diterpenic lacton, 5-Iacton friterpen, mallorepin, 3-oxo-D:A-friedo-oIeanan-27,16a-Iacton, 3a- benzoyloxy-D: A-friedo-oIeanan-27,16a-Iacton va 3P-hydroxy-D: A-friedo-oIeanan-27,16a- lacton. Cic thdng tin da ed cho bilt, djch chiet tir loii Bye bye trucm (M. repandus) cd boat tinh khang viem, gay dgc tl bio vi dift cdn trimg. Djch chiet tu Ii ciia cic loii Cinh kien (M.
philippinensis). Bye nau (M. mollissimus)... cd boat tinh khang khuan va dift mgt sd loai ky sinh trimg dudng rugt.
Chi Don tia (Excoecaria): Nhya'mu ciia cac loii trong chi Don tia li nhumg hon hgp phirc tap ciia cic hgp chit diterpen ester, phorbol ester... Nhya mil cua loai Gii (E. agalloeha) Ii hon hgp cua cac diterpen ester vdi cic acid beo bao hoa tucmg ty nhu n-carboxylic acid (C22-C30).
Cac hgp chit tren cd tic dyng kich thich, gay nhiic nhdi d da khi tilp xiic. Tir djch chiit d Ii vi than ciia loii Gii (E. agalloeha), cung da tich va phan lap dugc cac hgp chit phorbol ester 12- dcoxyphorbol 13-(3E, 5E-decadienoate) ed hoat tinh khing virus HIV. Din nay, da cd khoing tren 20 hgp chit diterpen dugc tich tii cac bg phan khic nhau ciia loai Gii (E. agalloeha).
Trong so dd cd nhilu hgp chit cd boat tinh sinh hgc cao, cd tic dyng ire chi manh doi vcii Epstein-Barr vims vi mgt so tic nhan giy ung thu. Loai Don mat trdi (E. cochinchinensis) cimg la nguon nguyen lieu chiira cic diterpen ester rit phong phu. Day la loai ciy thudc da dugc sir dyng dl chii'a tri nhilu loai bfnh khic nhau frong y hgc dan tgc d Vift Nam cung nhu d nhilu nirdc trong khu vyc. Tu qui ciia loii Trao trio (E. indica) cung da tich vi nhan dang dugc nhilu hgp chit diester diterpen phorbol, cic sapatoxin C, sapintoxin B, C, D. Nhya mil ciia loai
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Trang lim {E. oppositifolia) cd chiia cic ester cua 5P-hydroxyresiniferonol-6a, 7a-epoxid va 5p, 12 P-dihydroxyresiniferonoI-6a, 7a-epoxid.
Chi Cd sQ-a {Euphorbia): Trong y hgc dan gian, cac loai Cd sira Ii to {E. hirta), Cd siia la nhd {E. thymifolia) dugc dimg lam thuoc chiia Iy tryc khuan, Iy amip, tieu chiy, viem da, min ngiia... Tir loai Cd sira la to {E. hirta) da phan lap va xic djnh dugc cic triterpen (nhu:
taraxerol, cycloartenol, euphorbol hexacosonat, 12-deoxy-4P-hydroxyphorbol 13-dodecanoat-20 acetat...), cac flavonoid (nhu: quercitrin, xanthorhamnin, cyanidin-3-glucosid...), cic sterol (nhu: campestrol, stigmasterol...), cic acid phenolic va tanin (geraniin, euphorbin A,B, terchebin...). (3 cac bg phan tren mit dat ciia loii Cd sira l i nhd (£. thymifolia) cQng da xac djnh dugc cac hgp chit epitataxerol, quercetrin 3P-galactosid, cosmosin...; cdn d re lai chiia cac hc^p chit myricylic, taraxerol, tymcalol. Nhya mu cua loai Xuong rdng dng {E. antiquomm) cd chiia cao su, cic diterpenoid loai ingol (nhu: 3,12-di-0-acetyl-8-0-benzoyI lingol; 3,12-di-O-acetyl- 8-0-tigloylingoI; 8-0-tigloyIingol; 3,12-di-0-acetyI-8-0-tigloyIingol; cic diterpen (nhu antiquorin) vi cic triterpen (nhu: friedeIan-3p-oI, P-taraxeroI...); cic triterpenoid (nhu:
euphorbol, 3-0-ciimamat, antiquol A,B... vi cic sitosterol. Loii Xuong rdng bi cd gai (E.
monacantha) chiia cac hgp chat isorhamnetin, isoquercitrin, p-sitosterol, opuntiol^ narcisin... Ci loii Xuong khd (E. tirucalli) lai xac dinh dugc cic hgp chat: euphorbin A,F; cyelotimcaneol (24P-methyl-9P-19-cycloanost-20-en-3P-oI), cycloeucalenol, y-taraxasteryl acetat, euphorginol, cycloart-23-en-3P-25-diol, diterpen timcalicin; 3,7,12-fri-0-acetyl-8-isovaleryI-ingoI, cac diterpen ester la dan xuat ciia cac alcol ingenol, phorbol, resiniferonol va cac triterpen eycloeuphordenol... Nhirng thii nghifm da cd cho bilt, djch chiet tur loai Xuong khd (E.
timcalli) cd tic dyng lam ting sy boat hoi cac hf gen tiem ting cua vims Epstein-Barr (EBV) trong nhirng nguyen bio limpho mang EBV va c i sy bien ddi te bao limpho ngudi gay bdi EBV. Tai Chiu Phi, ngudi ta cho ring, dat va nude d xung quanh cay Xuong khd cung gay hifn tugng lim ting sy boat hoi nay v i gay nguy hiem cho ngudi sir dyng. Cac cKit chira trong nhya mii ciia Xuomg khd rat dgc va cd the la nhiing tic nhin giy ung thu.
Chi Tai tugng (Acalypha): Phin khi sinh cua loii Tai tugng an {A. indica) chiia cyanogenic glycosid, aealyphin, 3-cyanopyridon, sterol, hydrocianic acid, glucose-6-phosphatase dedydrogenase vi tinh diu. Cic hgp chat chiit tir la v i nggn cua loii Tai tugng in (A. indica) va Tai tugng dd (A. wilkesiana) deu cd boat tinh khing virus, khing nam, khang khuan va gay dgc te bio... trong thir nghifm in vitro.
Chi Dau me (Jatropha): Trong loai Dau me (/. curcas) cd i:hiia cac hgp chit steroid va flavonoid. Nhya mii cua Dau me chiia cic curcacyclin A-B va friacontanol. Trong djch chiit tir re d loii Diu lai tia (J. gossypiifolia) da tich vi xic djnh dugc cic hgp chit jatrophon, 2a- hydroxyjatrophon, 2p-hydroxyjatrophon vi 2p-hydroxy-5,6-isojafrophon. Nhya mii ciia loai Dau lai tia (J. gossypiifolia) cd chua cac cycio peptid cyclogossin A-B. Cdn trong nhya mu cua loii Do trgng nam {J. multifida) lai chiia 2 cycIo peptid la labaditin v i biobollein cimg cic ester diterpen 16-hydroxyphorboI, multifidol, multifidon glucosid, multifidin, 2 acylphloroglucinol, proanthocyanidin, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin... Djch chiit tir re d Diu lai tia (J. gossypiifolia) cd boat tinh lie che ung thu tren co the dgng vat in vivo.
Chi Cich hoa (Cleistanthus): 6 Vift Nam hifn da bilt cd 12 loai, frong so dd cd khoang 58%
so loii la die hiru. Trong la cua loai Cich hoa ddng duong (C. indochinensis) cd chiia cic hgp chat pr^itosterol, friedelanol, lupeol, sequoiaflavon, amentoflavon, ellagic acid, 3-0- methylelagic acid, 4'-0-a-rhamnosid, trans-p-cumaiic acid, gallic acid, squalen, hentriacontan, triacontanol, heptadecanoic acid va mgt din xuat mdi cua P-sitosteroI la P-sitosteryl trans-p- cumarate.
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Chi Cam tir (Baliospermum): 6 Viet Nam, chi niy chi ed 2 loii vi 1 thir (var.). Rl ciia loai cim tir niii (B. montanum) chiia cac phorbol ester, trong dd cic hgp chit montanin, baliospermin cd hoat tinh ire chi mgt sd ddng tl bao ung thu in vitro.
Chi Bgt ech (Glochidion): Cac loai thugc chi Bgt Ich thudng chiia cic triterpenoid-frong dd CO cac lupeol nhu glochidion, glochidonol, glochidiol... Cac triterpen glycosid glochidiosid dugc coi la cd boat tinh khang mgt so ddng te bio ung thu. Cic tanin thuy phan tir loai Sdc dd (G. rubmm) nhu glochiin M-1, M-2 va C-1 cd hoat tinh khing khuin. Djch chiit thd tir loii Bgt Ich long (G. eriocarpum) cung cd boat tmh khang mdt sd vi khuin (Gram am vi duong).
Chi Vdng dd (Alchomea): Ci Vift Nam, chi Vdng dd hifn da bilt cd khoang 7 loii va 3 thir, trong dd cd tdi 3 loai vi 3 thii la die htru. Cic ancaloid alchomein cd phd khing khuin rdng di tach dugc tir li v i vd than ciia cic loii Dom ddm (A. mgosa) vi A. floribunda. Cic loii trong chi Vong dd cdn chua cic phorbol ester vi cic flavonoid.
Chi Bo cu ve (Breynia): Nghien ciiu hoi hgc vl cac loai trong chi Bd cu ve cdn it. Nhumg trong y hgc din gian, mgt sd loii da dugc dimg lim thudc chira kiet Iy, khing viem vi chira rin cin. Djch chiet tir loii Bd cu ve (B. fmticosa) cd boat tinh khang khuin khi rdng. Djch chiit tir loai B. coronata ed tic dyng khing virus Epstein-Barr.
Chi Ba soi (Macaranga): Hiu nhu tit ci cic loai trong chi Ba soi deu chua tanin vdi thanh phan rat phure tap (thudng tren 28 thinh phan), trong dd thucmg gip li corilagin, furosin, geranin, macaranganin it cd hoat tinh khang khuin. Nhirng thir nghifm da ed cho biet, djch chiit chloroform tir loii M. carolinensis cd hoat tinh khing cic ddng te bao ung thu P-388 vi 9KB.
Chi Mdng ldng {Trigonostemon): Chi Mdng Idng frong hg Thau diu d Vift Nam khi da dang va c6 nhieu loai li die hiru. Song cdn it dugc quan tam nghien ciiu. Djch chiet tir re cua loai Tin tranh (T. reidioides) chua phenanthrenon trigonostenon vi rediocid A cd boat tinh dift cdn trimg kha manh. Djch chiet tir loii T. viridissimus dugc coi Ii cd hoat tinh khing virus HIV, khing ung thu.
Chi Md chim {Cleidion): Tuy li chi nhd, chi cd 4 loai, song tdi 2 loii li die hiru. Trong y hoc din gian, ngudi ta diing vd cua loii Md chim (C. spiciflomm) lim thuoc chira da diy vi dimg li de giy say thai.
i n . KET LUAN
1. Trong Hf thyc vat Vift Nam, Thau diu (Euphorbiaceae) li mgt hg Idn, rit da dang, cd tdi 75 chi vdi khoing tren 450 loii; frong dd cd 1 chi va 131 loai dugc coi la die huu.
2. Hiu hit cic loai va chi frong hg Thiu diu deu cd chira cic hgp chit t\f nhien thugc cic nhom triterpenoid, ancaloid, diterpenoid, diterpen ester, phorbol diterpen, flavonoid... Rat nhieu hgp chat mdi cd boat tinh sinh hgc cao da dugc phan lap vi xic djnh. Dd li nhirng hgp chat cd nhieu trien vgng iimg dyng trong cdng nghifp dugc.
3. Nghien ciiai cac co sd khoa hgc nhim khai thic phit trien, bio tdn vi su dyng cd hifu qui nguon hoat chit sinh hgc tir cic loai trong hg Thiu diu (Euphorbiaceae) d Vift Nam Ii vin de can dugc quan tim trong thdi gian tdi. '
TAI LI$U THAM KHAO
1. Phan Minh Giang et al., 2003: Joumal of Namral Products, 66: 1217-1220.
2. Phan Minh Giang, Phan Tong Son, J. J. Lee and H. Otsuka, 2004: Chemical Phanmaceutical Bulletin, 52(7): 879-882.
HQI NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U 6 C V £ SINH THAI V A TAI N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L \ N THlJ BA
3. Pham Hoang Hg, 1992: Cay cd Vift Nam, tap 2. NXB. "Mekong" Montreal. 225-365.
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P R O S P E C T S O F B I O A C T I V E N A T U R A L P R O D U C T S O F EUPHORBIACEAE O N V I E T N A M
LA DINH MOI, CHAU VAN MINH, DAI DUY BAN, PHAM HOANG NGOC PHAN VAN KIEM, TRAN MINH HOI, TRAN HUY THAI LE MAI HUONG, NINH KHAC BAN, NGUYEN THI HIEN
NGUYEN NGHIA THIN, NGUYEN THI KIM THANH SUMMARY
The Euphorbiaceae is one of the largest and most diverse families in the flora of Vietnam. It comprises about 75 genera, 450 species and 16 varieties, of which 131 species and 16 varieties are endemic. Previous phytochemical investigations on Euphorbiaceae species resulted in isolation of flavonoids, triterpenoids, diterpenoids, diterpene esters, phorbol diterpenes derivatives, alkaloids and tannins, etc. The numerous pharmacological tests showed many interesting properties of extracts from Euphorbiaceae species, e.g. anti-HFV, antitumor, cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant and insecticidal activities. As lead compounds they may have potential in research and development of future medicines.