NGHIEN Cifu THUCTIEN GlAO DUC
ThUc trang va giai piiap piiat trien nang \\ic thifc hanh cua hpc vien ttao tao si quan cap phan dpi trinh &q dai hpc tai TrUoing Si quan Luc quan 2 hien nay
Iran Van DQng Hoc vien Chinh tri - Bo Quoc phong 124 Ngo Ouyen, Ha Oong, H^ Noi, Viet Nam Emaii: [email protected]
TOM TAT: TrUdng STquan Luc quin 2 (Dai hoc Nguyen Hue) li mot trung tim dao tao sT quan chi huy tham mUu binh chung hdp thinh, cip phan dot bic dai hoc. Do die thu ve dii tugng va muc tieu dio tao rien yeu ciu ve ning lUc thUc hanh cua hgc vien ludn dugc de cao. Do vay, de dip dng duoc muc tieu yeu cau dao tao, viec phat trien nang ldc thuc hinh cua hgc vien la rit quan trgng. Day dugc coi la mgt trong nhdng nhan td quyit dinh din chat Iddng giao due, dio tao cua nha trudng. Bii bio nham phan tfch lim ro mgt sd van de If luin, thuc tien va de xuit mgt so giii phip phit trien ning lUc thuc hinh cija hgc vien TrUdng STquan Luc quan 2 hien nay.
TLl KHOA: Gi^i phap; nang cao; nang life; TTifiIng ST guan Luc quan 2.
-» Ndan bai 12/3/202D -> Nhan bai iJa chinh sifa 19/3/2020 •* Duyet dang 24/4/2020.
1 . Dat v a n d e
Dgi ngfl can bo quan doi noi chung va can bg Chi huy tham mini - Luc quan cap phan dgi noi rieng phai dirge dao tao CO ban, co pham chat, nang lire (NL) toan dien trong do co NL thirc hanh dap ung vai yeu cau nhiem vu trong tinh hinh mcri. Trtrang ST quan Luc quan 2 la trung tam dao tao si quan chi huy tham muu - Luc quan cap phan dgi co trinh do dai hgc a khu vuc phia Nam. Do dac thil ve doi tugng va muc tieu dao tao nen yeu cau ve NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien luon dugc de cao. Do vay, de dap ling dugc muc tieu yeu cau dao tao, viec phat trien NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien la r4t quan trgng, dugc coi la mgt trong nhiing nhan to quyet dinh den chat lugng giao due dao tao cua nha truang.
2 . N p i d u n g n g h i e n cufu
2.1. Quan niem ve nang li/c va nang life IhiTc hanh cua hqc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan dpi, trinh dp da! hoc di Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2
Theo Tu dien tigng Viet, NL dugc hiSu la:" 1. Kha nang, diSu kien chii quan hoae hr nhien sin c6 dk thuc hien mgt hoat dgng nao do. 2. Ph4m chit tam li va sinh li tao cho con nguai kha nang hoan thanh mgt loai hoat dgng nao do vai chit lugng cao" [I, tr.565]. C.Mac da khSng dinh:
"Cac nha triSt hgc da giai thich thg gioi bang nhiku each khac nhau, song van dk la cai tao the giai" [2, h-.12]. Triet hoc Mac - Lenin tigp can NL con nguoi gan vai ho^t dgng thirc tiln h-ong cac digu kien xa hoi - Uch sir cu the, cimg vai nhflng dac dilm, pham chat ben trong cua ca nhan. NL cua con nguai la k6t qua cua sir tac dgng bien chiing giira cac ygu to ben trong vai cac ylu to bgn ngoai troiig qua trinh hoat dgng thirc tiln ciia chu the. Vi thg, c6 thg quan niem: NL la t6ng hoa cac yen t6 vat chit va tinh than tao cho chu thg (cgng. ddng, ca nhan) kha nang nhan thiic va
hanh dgng trong cai bign hoan canh song (tu nhien va xa hgi) Clia minh,
Chu tich Ho Chi Minh can dan; "Hgc vcri hanh phai di doi. Hgc ma khong hanh thi vo ich. Hanh ma khong hgc thi hanh khong troi chay" [3, tr.50], Theo tu tudng cua Ngucri, hgc la tigp thu kign thuc da dugc tich Ifly, dong thoi tigp nhan nhimg kinh nghiem. Con hanh la ung dung kien thiic, li thuyet vao thuc tign dai song, "hanh" vua la muc dich, vua la phuong phap hgc tap. Cho nen, hgc va hanh co moi quan he rat chat che voi nhau. Hgc va hanh la hai mat cua mgt qua trinh thong nhat bien chiing, khong thg taeh rai ma phai luon gkn chat vcri nliau lam mgt. Theo Tii dien tigng Viet,"Thuc hanh la pham trii chi ro viec lam dg ap dung li thuyet vao thuc tg" [l,tr,615],
"Thuc hanh" dugc nghign ciiu va van dung vai muc dich de hoan chinh chu trinh khep km cua muc tieu dao tao, nhat la dao tao ngudn luc con nguai trong cac truang dai hpc, cao dang, truang day nghg, Trong cac nha trucmg quan dgi, thy:c hanh ludn dugc coi trgng, xuit phat tu nhung yeu cau khach quan va chii quan. Nhu vay, pham trii "thuc hanh" dugc hilu tren hai phuang dien: Tlieo nghia rdng, thuc hanh la qua trinh van dung, chuygn hoa, dua trijhiic, kien thiic dugc trang bi vao cugc song, vao thuc tiln nghg nghiep. Theo nghia hep, thuc hanh la hinh thiic huin luyen, luyen tap, lam cac bai tap dl ren luyen.
Cling c6 kien thiic, kT nang, kT xao voi cac muc do tai hien, di chuygn hoae van dung sang tao kiln thiic, ki nang, ki xao gan vai cac tinh hudng nghe nghigp cu the.
Do do, thuc hanh vai tu each la hoat dgng vat chit ciia con ngucri, la mgt bd phan cua thuc tiln thi ca hai each hieu tren deu co gia tri. Do d6, co thi quan niem: NL thuc hanh la tdng hpa nhung ylu to hgp thanh kha nang CO muc dich, co ke hoach ciia chii the trong qua trinh chuyen hda tri thiic da dugc tich Ifly thanh hinh ddne
54 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
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trong thuc tiln nhim dap iing muc tigu, yeu cau trong tiing giai doan lich su nhat dinh. NL thuc hanh hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan dgi hinh thanh, phat trien qua cac con duong ca ban sau day:
Thdng qua qud trinh hudn luyen (dgy hgc). Day la con duong chu yeu va quan trgng nhat. Hgc vign dugc tiep thu he thong nhiing tn thiic khoa hgc ca ban, hien dai, nam dugc nhiing kien thiic ve khoa hgc quan su, nghe thuat quan su, phuong phap huan luyen quan su duai su truyen thu ciia giang viSn, lam ca so cho viec hinh thanh va phat triln NL thuc hanh.
Thdng qua td chirc cdc hogt dgng nghe nghiep qudn su eho hgc vien. Day la van de cd tinh quy luat trong qua hinh hinli thanh va phat trien NL thuc hanh.Thdng qua viec tham gia tich cue vao cac hoat dgng nghg nghiep quan su nhu: hgc tap, san sang chien dau va chien dau, lao dgng san xuat, hgi thi hgi thao quan su, hoat dgng van hoa, the thao quan chiing. Hgc vien se co dieu kien lam giau thgm kien thiic, tich luy them kinh nghiem, ren luyen kl xao, kT nang, giiip hg van dung nhflng kien thiic, kT xao, kT nang da tiep thu dugc vao trong thuc hen hoat dgng.
Thdng qua dien tap, thuc tap. Trong qua trinh huan luyen va tham gia cac hoat dgng nghe nghiep quan su, dien tap, thuc tap la nhirng hoat ddng rat quan trgng voi hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi. Thdng qua dien tap, thuc tap ma NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien dugc hinh thanh va phat trign mgt each co he thong.
Thdng qua lu hgc, tu ren luyen. La con duong, each thiic quan trgng nhat quyet dinh su hinh thanh va phat trien NL thuc hanh cua hgc vign. Tu hgc, tu ren luyen la con duong ngan nhat giiip hgc vien ITnh hgi tri thiic, ren luyen kT nang, kT xao thuc hanh mdt each hieu qua tich cue. Dd chinh la: Qua trinh nd luc y chi khdng met moi Clia mdi hgc vien trong qua trinh hgc tap; La su khac phuc khd khan, su quygt tam, long yeu nghg, phan dau cho nghg nghigp tuong lai cua minh; La qua trinh tu td chiic, tu chi dao viec van dung tri thiic, kT nang, kT xao va kinh nghiem da co vao viec hinh thanh, ren luyen, bdi duong va phat trien NL thuc hanh.
Thie nhdt. muc do nhdn thiec ve muc tieu, yen cdu ddo tgo vd khd ndng dinh hudng ddi vdi nhiem vu hgc tdp cda hgc vien ddo tgo sTquan cdp phdn doi
Day la dau hieu dau tign phan anh dgng co, muc dich hgc tap ciia hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi, no dugc bilu hien d chd hgc vign nhan thuc dugc y nghTa, vai trd, tim quan trgng cua viec hgc tap, nim chic ddi tugng cin phai chigm ITnh, giac ngg sau sic ve ygu cau, nhiem vu trong qua trinh hgc tap, ren luyen tai trudng cimg voi dac thii ciia muc tieu yeu cau dao tao, tu dd hinh thanh tinh cam, niem tin, xay dung y chi quyet tam phan dau vugt qua mgi khd khan dat muc dich dg ra.
Thie hai. say me, himg thu tham gia vdo cdc hinh thiec hgc tap, cd su tap trung cao do, vu0 qua su cdng thdng vi tri tue, the luc
Say me, himg thii la dau hieu cho thay hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan dgi co nhu ciu higu bigt sau, rgng, nhu
cau dugc tham gia cac hinh thiic hgc tap khac nhau, hang hai nhiet tinh tham gia cac hinh thirc hgc tap, hgc tap vdi tinh than khdng biet met moi, tich cue tham Iuan cac van dg hgc tap, ludn thich di sau tim hieu cdi ngudn tri thiic, khdng bang long vdi kign thiic cua minh.
Thie ba, ITnh hoi, ldm chu he thdng cdc tri thuc khoa hgc, dgc biet Id cdc tri thiec chuyen ngdnh Chi huy tham muu - Luc qudn, cd tinh ddc lap, sdng tgo trong hgc tap
LTnh hgi, lam chii he thdng tri thiic chuydn nganh la mgt trong nhiing nhan td ca ban cau thanh NL thuc hanh.
Do vay, bgn canh viec lmh hdi he thdng tri thiic khoa hgc chung, hgc vign dao tao sT quan can phai ITnh hgi he thdng tri thuc chuyen nganh phu hgp vdi muc tieu, yeu cau dao tao.
Thietu, tich cue van dung sdng tgo NL thuc hdnh vdo thuc tien, hodn thdnh vd hodn thdnh tot cdc nhiem vu hoc lap
O bieu hien nay, hgc vien luon cd xu hudng lien he thong tin hay bai hgc vdi nhung kinh nghiem rieng va cd gang tim co hdi chuyen giao kien thiic da hoc sang nhung kien thiic hay tinh hudng khac de giai quyet van dg do chinh hg cung nhu thuc tign dat ra. Hoan thanh nhiem vu hgc tap vira la ket qua ciia qua trinh hgc tap vira la thudc do danh gia NL thuc hanh cua minh dat dugc d miic do nao de cd phuong hudng phii hgp.
2.2. Thi/c trang nang li/c tliUc hanh cua hqc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan dpi TrUcfng Si quan Luc quan 2 hien nay Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2 la trudng dao tao sT quan chi huy binh chung hop thanh, can bd chinh tri - quan su cap phan ddi cd trinh dd dai hoc.
Cac ndi dung giao due, boi duong tinh cam, niem tin ddi vdi nghe nghiep quan su d Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2 budc dau da cd su gan ket chat che, long ghep kha linh hoat vdi cac ndi dung giao due, huan luyen khac nen da giiip cho hgc vien co dgng co, thai do diing dan, nhan thirc rd trong he thdng pham chat va NL cua ngudi can bg quan sir thi NL thurc hanh la can thiet va ddng vai trd quan trgng, dam bao cho su phat trign toan dien, hai hoa nhan each nguoi sT quan chi huy Tham muu Luc quan.
Thuc te cho thay, nhieu hgc vien da the hien NL nhan thiic linh hoat, sang tao ngay trong qua trinh hgc tap, ren luyen, mang sac thai ddc dao ca nhan, bigt van dung kien thirc da hgc vao giai quyet van dg thuc tien dat ra.
Nhat la cac hoat ddng dign tap, thuc tap tai trudng va tai cac quan khu, quan doan, Thdng qua nhung hoat dgng nay, giup ngudi hgc ngay cang dugc cung cd, md rdng kign thirc, ren luyen kT nang, kT xao nghg nghiep quan su, danh gia dugc manh yeu cua ban than, tir do tu hgc tap, ren luyen dg nang cao trinh do tri thiic.
Theo danh gia ciia Phdng Dao tao, cua ddi ngti giang vien va can bg quan li, phan ldn hgc vien dlu nam dugc nhUng don vi kien thiic ca ban, ket qua hgc tap cac mdn nam thir nhat thudng chi dat 59,8% kha, gidi chu yeu cac mdn khoa hgc ca ban. Tir nam hgc thii hai den nam hgc thii tu (giai doan dao tao chuyen nganh), day la giai doan quan trgng nhat ciia qua trinh ITnh hdi, tiep thu, phat
So 28 thang 4/2020 55
NGHIEN CffU T H I / C T I I N GIAO DUC
1 I
trien tri thiic toan dien ciia ngudi hgc, dac biet tri thiic v l chuyen nganh quan su, trang bi nhiing ngi dung chii ylu khoa hgc quan su, khoa hgc chi huy tham muu, khoa hgc xa hdi nhan van, ket qua hgc tap cua hgc vign da dugc nang len rd ret, dat 72% kha, gioi, Trinh do tri thirc cua hgc vien khdng ngimg phat trien ca ve sd lugng va chit lugng. Su phat hien khdng chi thi hien d khdi lugng kien thiic rdng ldn ma cdn ca d chat lugng ciu tnic tri thiic ma hgc vign tiep thu, ITnh hdi trong qua trinh hgc tap. Ngu nam hgc 2014 - 2015 chi cd 0,6% hgc vien gidi, 93,1%
hgc vien kha, 6,3% hgc vi8n trung binh kha thi din nam hgc 2018 - 2019 cd 1,4% hgc vign gidi, 97,8% hgc vien kha, 0,8%^ hgc vien trung binh kha, khdng cd hgc vien ygu (sd lieu tong kit cua Phong Dao tao). K6t qua phan loai tdt nghiep ra trudng cua hgc vign trong nhimg nam gan day ciing tang len, nam sau cao hon nam trudc. Nam hgc 2014 - 2015, phan loai tdt nghiep hgc vign cd 0,6%i hgc vien gidi, 90,2%i hgc vign kha, 8,9% hgc vien trung binh kha, Q,3% hgc vien trung binh; thi den nam hgc 2018 - 2019 cd 2,2% hgc vign gidi, 97,0% hgc vien kha va 5,8%. hgc vien trung binh klia, so kha gidi tang 7,\%
(sd lieu tong kgt cua Phdng Dao tao). Nghien ciiu ket qua thuc tap trung dgi trudng ciia cua hgc vign dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi d tai trudng va cac quan khu, quan doan tir nam 2010 - 2019 cho thay, da sd hgc vign deu hoan thanh kha, gidi tren cuong vi, chiic trach dam nhiem,
Bao cao tdng ket 10 nam ve cong tac giao due, dao tao 2008 - 2018 Clia Tnrcmg ST quan Luc quan 2 da khang dinh: "Hgc vidn dao tao sT quan cap phan dgi tien hanh dien tap tdng hgp cudi khda tren cac cuong vj da bigt van dung nguyen tac li luan vao to chirc chuan hi va tien hanh chi huy don vi chuyen trang thai san sang chien dau, lam ke hoach va td chiic hanh tni quan cd vugt sdng; phuong phap, tac phong chi huy nghigm tiic, trign khai menh lenh chign dau day du, ro rang. Da sd hgc vien da sir dung kha thanh thao cac loai vii khi trong bien chg, biet lira chgn vi tri, dia diem hgp li dg td chiic tnen khai, bd tri binh hda luc, bidt td chiic cho bd ddi nau an, xay dung cong sir tran dia trong dieu kien chign dau" [4, tr6], Bao cao kgt qua khao sat chat lugng hoc vien ra trudng ve cong tac tai Quan khu 5,7 va 9 ciia nha trudng chi rd:
"Hgc vien tdt nghiep ra trudng co du pham chat va NL dap ling chuc trach, nhiem vu dugc giao, cd ban ITnh chinli tri vflng vang, tri thiic quan sir toan dien, xae dinh tdt nhiem vu, cd trinh dd lanh dao, quart li, chi huy, huan luyen, tign himh cong tac dang, cdng tac chinh tri, chap hanh nghiem ki luat, trong dd cd 17,5% hoan thanh tdt, 64,6% hoan thanh Idia" [5, tr.9].^
Nguyen nhan cua nhung uu diem tren la do nha trudng da chu dgng ddi mdi chuong trinh, ngi dung dao tao va phuong phap day hgc tiep can theo NL hgc vign. Xu hudng cua ddi mdi phuong phap dao tao la tigp can NL ngudi hgc, kich thich tinh tich cue nhan td chii quan hgc vien. Phuong phap dao tao gan chat vdi phucmg eham giao due: "Co ban, he thdng, thdng nhat, chuygn sau", ling dung cd hieu qua cdng nghe thong tm vao giang day
uan li giao due, ddi mdi phuang phap dien t^p.
. . K L thirc hanh va In diu. Phat huy tot T nha truang.
tap, thi tdt nghiep qudc gia, nang c dua ngudi hgc sat gin voi thuc tl chien
vai hrd ciia cac td chiic, cac lire lugng ^^°"8^f/'j y ^oc da diu tu co sd vat chit, phuong tien kl thuat .y . hien dai gdp phin phat triln NL thuc hanhcua ng ^ ^
Dang liy. Ban giam hieu, ca quan quan U tniang thudng xuyen cd su ddi mdi ve to ^hifc, pnu" ^ phap, luon Iiy viec phat Uiln chat lugng giao aye aao tao lam muc tieu phin diu. Qua trinh trien khai luon dam bao tmh khoa hoc, thdng nhit, can dpi hai hoa giua the luc, tri luc va can ddi giua cac khdi kien thuc Phong Dao tao phdi hgp vdi cac khoa giang vien xay dimg keJioacn dao tao toan khoa va timg nam hgc, hgc ki; Uch huan luyen thang va tnln khai cho cac khoa, don vi thuc hien.
Td chiic dilu hanh huin luyen, to chflc giang d^ theo timg mdn hoc. Giang vign lgn ldp budi sang, bum chieu giao cho cac tilu doan, he, true tiep la can bg dai dgi, lap, tnmg dgi, tir quan dl td chiic nghign cuu, on luyen, nang cao NL thuc hanh cho hgc vien,
Co sd vat chat, trang thilt bi phye vu huan luyen dugc nha trudng diu tu dting mtic, da diu tu 01 trung t^m dieu hanh huin luyen, 01 mrdng bin ao, xay dung dugc thu vien dien hi, phdng thuc hanh thi nghiem ki thuat sd, 60% giang dudng theo hudng chuydn dung. Phat huy tdt hieu qua hoat dgng cua mang LAN, trang Web ciia nha trucmg, bao dam day du, kip thdi ca sd vat chat, van phdng phim, tai lieu phuc vu cho cdng tac giao due, dao tao. Mgt sd vu khi, khi tai mdi dugc trang bi kip thdi bam sat su phat tridn ciia khoa hgc quan su trong va ngoai nudc. Cac de tai, sang kign dugc van dung ngay vao qua trinh day va hgc dan den hieu qua day va hgc khdng ngung nang len, Hgc vign da phat huy tinh tich cue tu giac, chu ddng, sang tao trong chiem ITnh tri thuc khoa hgc, ren iuyen ki nang nghe nghiep dap img muc tieu cau dao tao. Ddng co hgc tap dimg dan, thai dd ro rang, hgc vign tign hanh cac hoat ddng tu hgc, tu ren Clia minh mgt each tu giac, khoa hgc. Ben canh nhiing uu diem, NL thuc hanh cua hgc vidn dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2 hien nay cdn cd nhung han chl nhat dinh, bigu hien cu thg tren mgt sd van de sau day:
Mgt sd cap uy, chi huy, chua phat huy het vai trd, trach nhiem, ndi dung hmh thirc giao due chinh tri, xay dung ddng CO trach nhiem cdn may mdc, it ddi mdi, bien phap de ra chua cd tlnh chat dot pha dg gop phan phat trien NL thuc hanli ciia hgc vien, qua trinh quan li nim chat lugng hgc vign chua chac, hieu qua giao due, dgng vign chua cao, Mdt sd hoc vien xae dinh ddng co, trach nhigm trong hgc tap, ren luyen chua tdt, cdn ngai khd, ngai khd, cdn mgt sd ddng chi chua thuc su an tam, cdn bilu hien dao dgng vg hr hidng, so sanh thiet hon giua hgc tap trong quan ddi vdi ngoai quan ddi, tham chi mgt sd hgc vign khdng an tam hr tudng hgc tap nen vilt dan xin thdi hgc.
Nhiing han chl NL thuc hanh ciia hgc vien dao tap Sl quan cap phan dgi Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2 xuat
56 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
Trln Van DOng
phat tir nhirng nguydn nhan chti yeu sau: Chuong trinh, ngi dung dao tao va phuong phap giang day cdn mdt sd bat cap, chua thuc su kich thich phat trien NL thuc hanh hgc vien. Ngi dung, chuong trinh dao tao so vdi muc tigu, yeu cau dao tao cdn nhigu mau thuan, sap xep ket cau chuong trinh chua thuc su logic, tinh lidn kgt hd trg gifta cac ngi dung vg kT thu|t phuc vu cho chien thuat chua nhilu, dSn din viec vSn dung giiia li thuyet vao thuc hanh cdn han chg, bd tri thdi gian tu hgc cho hgc vien chua hgp li.
2.3. Giai phap phat triln nang luc thUc hanh cua hoc viin dao tao sT quan cap phan dql Tri/dng ST quan Luc quan 2 hien nay 2.3.1. f)6i m6i chu'dng trinh, noi dung sal v&l muc tieu dao tao dot lifting hpc vien sT quan cap phan dpi
Day la mdt nhiem vu quan trgng gdp phin to ldn vao phat trien NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien, nang cao chat lugng giao due dao tao. Ddng thdi, tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho cac ca quan ban nganh, khoa giao vien, cac don vi nang cao chit lugng quan li qua trinh hgc tap, ren luyen ciia hgc vien. Do dd, can xay dung ndi dung, chucmg trinh dao tao phu hgp vdi timg chuygn nganh (binh chung hgp thanh, trinh sat dac nhiem, trinh sat bg hinh). Trudc mat, cin chuin hda ndi dung, chuong trinh, phan dinh hgp li giu'a khdi lugng kidn thiic co ban, CO sd va chuyen nganh. Can digu chinh tang ti le huan luyen thuc hanh va tap bai (khong ke thdi gian didn tfip va thuc tap) so vdi phan li thuylt ddi vdi mdn cdng tac Dang, cdng tac chinh trt (hien nay phin thuc hanh cdng tac Dang, cdng tac chinh tri mdi chiem 42%). Ve co ban, day la ti le chua that hgp li, can tang len 55%) den 60%o, can chu trgng hudng vao viec bdi duong NL thuc hanh cdng tac Dang, cong tac chinh tri cho hgc vien dao tao si quan cap phan ddi.
Ngi dung phai bam sat muc tidu, ygu cau dao tao va the hien dugc tinh Dang, tinh khoa hgc, tinh he thdng, ddng thdi, hao dam tinh thuc tien, dap iing yeu cau bdi duong va phat trign tri thiic, kT nang, kT xao chuyen nganh cho hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi bac dai hgc.
Chucmg trinh phai cd muc tieu ro rang, cu the, cau tnic hgp li, dugc thilt kl mgt each he thdng, dap img yeu cau ve chuan kiln thiic, kl nang cua dao tao trinh do dai hgc va dap ling linh hoat yeu ciu thuc hidn nhiem vu, chiic trach cua chirc vu ban diu, dam bao lien thdng vdi cac trmh do dao tao va chucmg trinh giao due khac; Dinh ki bd sung, digu chinh dua tren co sd tham khao cac chuang trinh tien tien, cac y kiln phan hdi tu cac co quan, don vi sir dung hgc vien sau khi tdt nghiep nhu Quan doan 3, 4, Quan khu 5,7 va Quan khu 9.
2.3.2. Ooi m6i phUtfng phap gi^ng day theo hifding liep can NL thUc hanh cua hoc vi§n dao tao sT quan cap ph§n d6i Ddi mcri phuongphap giang day cua dgi ngu giang vien theo hudng tiep can NL thuc hanh ciia hgc vidn, huin luyen thuc hanh lay hoc vien lam trung tam cin quan triet va thuc hien tdt phuong eham huin Iuyen
"Co ban, he thdng, thdng nhit, chuyen sau", vua bao dam tinh hgp li, logic trong ciu true, vira kich thich tinh nang ddng, sang tao cua hgc vien trong hgc tap, bidn qua trinh dao tao thanh qua trinh tu dao tao. Ddi mdi manh me phuang phap day hgc, van dung phuong phap day hgc hien dai nhim phat huy tinh tich cue, chu dgng, sang tao, bdi du&ng NL tu duy, ren luyen NL thuc hanh td chiic chi huy, quan li, huan luydn bg dgi cho ngudi hgc. Ddi mdi phucmg phap thi, kilm tra danh gia kit qua hgc tap cua hgc vien bao dam khach quan, phan anh trung thuc, thuc chit trinh do ciia hgc vien, ren luyen kl nang thuc hanh, NL hoat ddng thuc tiln cua chinh ho. Kit hgp trang bi kign thiic, kha nang tu duy vdi nang cao NL sang tao, thuc hanh quan li, chi huy, huin luyen va tien hanh cdng tac dang, cdng tac chinh tri.
Ket hgp dao tao tai trudng vdi viec tham gia cac boat ddng xa hdi, thuc tap tai don vi. Tang cudng su dung phuang phap day hgc tich cue, Ket hgp giao due dao tao theo chuong trinh chinh khda vdi giao due ngoai khoa. Dam bao thdi gian, dieu kien tu hgc, tu nghien ciru cho hgc vien, dugc the hidn vao 3 huong chinh: ca the hda, chuydn mdn hda va hien dai hda.
2.3.3. Phat huy tot vai tro cac td chii'c, Ipc IPpng tham gia vao qua trinh giao due dao tao, ptiSt triln NL thpc hanh cho hgc vien Trudc hgt. Dang uy. Ban Giam hieu nha trudng can tich cue chi dao, quy che hda cac khau, cac budc trong giao due dao tao ciing nhu cac mdi quan he cua cac td chuc, cac luc lugng tham gia giao due, dao tao. Nha trudng can ban hanh bd tieu chi danh gia NL thuc hanh gan vdi timg nam hgc, tir nam thir nhat dgn nam thii tu trgn cac ndi dimg: NL thuc hanh cdng tac Dang, cdng tac chinh tri, NL chi huy, NL quan Ii, NL thuc hanh cac mat cong tac khac. Can cir vao bd tieu chi nay, cac co quan, khoa giao vien, don vi quan li td chuc danh gia, nit kinh nghiem kit qua td chicc, bdi duang, giiip do hgc vign phat trign NL thuc hanh, thiy dugc nhung thigu sot dg cd bien phap khac phuc.
Phdng Dao tao thdng qua hoat dgng quan li, giam sat, kilm tra va dilu hanh, bao dam co sd vat chat, dia didm cho mgi hoat ddng giao due dao tao cua nha trudng, Phai thudng xuyen ra soat, dilu chinh ngi dung, chuong trinh bao dam ti le giua kien thicc giao due dai cuong va kien thiic chuyen nganh Iinh hoat va khoa hgc. Can uu tien cho ngi dung, chuong trinh huan luyen, giao due mang tinh chit ren luyen su thuin thuc ciia cac kT nang nghg nghigp Clia ngudi hgc vien. Nang cao chat lugng cdng tac kilm tra huin luyen, duy tri thucmg xuygn, cd ndn nip tir CO quan din cac khoa giao vien, don vi, tap trung kilm tra, giam sat thi hgc phan, mdn hgc va cac bai kiem tra ban dan that.
Dgi ngfl giang vien vua la luc Iugng true tigp dinh hudng, dilu khiln hoat dgng tilp thu, ITnh hgi tri thiic Clia hgc vien, vira la Iuc lugng co vai trd quyet djnh tdi chit Iugng giao due dao tao cua nha trudng n6i_ chung va true tilp tac dgng din su phat trien phim chit nhan
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each, NL cua hgc vidn ndi rieng. Qua trinh giang day can dua ngudi hgc vao ren luyen, thir thach trong nhilu md hinh ciia cdng viec thuc tg, dat hgc vign vao cuong vi phii hgp vdi ndi dung huan luyen, nhat la ndi dung chign thuat de hg van dung nhiing kien thuc dugc trang bi, nhirng nguyen tac Ii luan vao phan tich danh gia ttnh hinh, xae dinh dg xuat phuang an giai quyet kip thdi, linh boat cac tinh hudng xay ra. Day la hinh thirc huan luyen cd y nghTa ca ban ciia qua trinh dao tao. Nhd cd nhirng hinh thiic nay ma tu duy ciia hgc vien mdi dugc linh hoat, nhay ben, vua khang dinh tinh dung dan cua tri thuc quan su tigp nhan, vira phat trien NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan dgi mgt each toan dien. Do do, can xay dung ddi ngij giang vien du vg sd lugng, cd co ciu hgp li, chat lugng cao. Nha h-udng can thudng xuygn xay dung ke hoach dao tao, bdi duong giang vien thdng qua: du gid, binh giang, thi giang vidn day gidi. Tang cudng cu giang vien di thuc te d cac don vi, dac biet la cac don vi trgng diem d Quan khu 5,7,9;
Quan doan 3,4 va cac quan chiing, binh chung de tang cudng vdn thuc tg, lam chii vii khi, trang hi mdi dg vg phd bien rdng rai tai nha trudng.
Ddi vdi dgi ngii can bd quan li hgc vten, lire lugng true tiep quan Ii, theo ddi, nam bat chat Iugng hgc tap cua hgc vien. Ddng thdi, la lire lugng thudng xuyen theo ldp, giiip do hgc vien trong qua trinh hgc tap, ren luyen.
Ddi vdi hoc vien, cin hinh thanh va phat trign nhu cau
tu hgc, tir nghien ciiu la ygu ciu ddi hdi kliach *1"^^^"^
viec lam chii cac tri thiic, ki xao, kT nang de hoan tha tdt chuc h-ach nhiem vu ma Dang va quan dgi gi^o c o, tir do chuygn thanh ddi hdi ben trong ciia mdi ngirdi. Moi hgc vien cin tu xay dimg cho mmh mgt ke hoach tu hgc, tu ren va thuc hien nghiem tiic kl hoach do.
3. Ket luan
Phat h-ien NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien dao tao sT quan cip phan ddi Trudng ST quan Luc quan 2 hien^nay la mgt ygu ciu khach quan, mdt nhiem vu co ban, cap thigt nhim dao tao ra dgi ngu sT quan Chi huy tham muu - Lye quin cip phan ddi cd du tri thflc, phim chat va NL dap ling sir nghiep xay dung Quan ddi nhan dan each mang, chinh quy, tinh nhue, timg budc hien dai. De phat tridn NL thuc hanh ciia hoc vien dao tao sT quan cap phan ddi Tnrdng sT quan Luc quan 2 hien nay, can phai thuc hien tdt cac giai phap tren. Mdi giai phap deu cd nhiing yeu cau va bien phap khac nhau, song giua chimg ludn cd su thdng nhit bien chiing, tao thanh mdt he thing cac giai phap CO ban, ddng bd true tilp tac ddng den qua trinh phat triln NL thuc hanh cua hgc vien. Vi vay, xem nhe hoae de cao bit cii giai phap nao trong nhan thiic cung nhu thuc tien dlu din din sai lam, anh hudng dgn qua trinh phat triln NL thuc hanh ciia hgc vien va chat lugng giao due dao tao cua nha trudng.
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CURRENT SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING PRACTICAL COMPETENCE OF UNIVERSITY-LEVEL OFFICER TRAINEES
AT THE ARMY OFFICER COLLEGE N0.2
Tran Van Dung
Political Academy - Ministry of National Defence 124 Ngo Ouyer, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam Email xc77vttl@gmail com
ABSTRACT: The Army Officer College No.2 (Nguyen Hue University) is a training center for officers of the combined army and university division.
Due to the characteristics of the subjects and the training objectives, the requirements of students' practical competencies are always upheld.
Therefore, to meet the training requirements, it is very important to develop students' practical competencies, which is considered as one of the decisive factors to the quality of education and training of schools. This paper is aimed at analyzing and clarifying some theoretical and practical issues, then proposing some solutions to develop the practical competence for students at the Army officer College No.2.
KEYWORDS: SDlution; enhance; competence; the Army officer Collegs • -
58 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM