iEN CUU & UNG DUNG
III
Td CHOD HOAT BONG NGOAI KHOA VAT LI i TRUSNG TRUNG HOC PHO THONG V0I sir HO TRO
QUA BANG TUUNG TAC
ThS. Nguyin VQ Aim Triting Bfl hgc Qftdng Binh SUMMARY
The out door activity is one of teaching form which plays an important and meaningfol role in fostering students 'self- learning ability, training the skills of using knowlet^ in practice, promoting the activeness of students in learning. This article mentions to the organization of the out door activities with the siq>port of Interactive table to improve the effectiveness ofteaching physics in high schools.
Keywords: Interactive table, the out door activity of the Physics, teacher, smdent.
Ngi, nhfn bH: 25/5/2916; Ngifypkin bifn: 31/5/2916; Ng^ iuyfl ting: 6/6/2916
I
L D f t v i n d iDii mdi phuong phip dsy hpc 14 vte di cit Idi di nteg cao chit lupng dsy hpc d trudng Ttung hpc phi tiidng. Host ddng ngosi khda (HDNK) V|t li ndi rifng v4 HDNK ndi chung cd vai trt vd cteg quan trpng, gdp phte ning cao chit lupng gite dye b^n tit ci cte m|t; gite dye nhte thuK, rtn luyfn ky nine, rtn luyfn ning lye tu d\sy cho hpc sinh (HS) niS li ning lye hr di^r steg tso, phat buy tinh dtte hpc tip tich eye, ty gite; gite dye dso dtte, lii sing, tu tiidng, thih cim cho hpc sinh (HS)... Vdi sy hi toy ctta bteg hrong tte (BIT), HDNK toong difj hpc V|t II s« phit huy dupe nhOng uu diim tit i ^ cua minh.
2. Cor sd ly lu|n ctta vifc t i chttc HDNK vdi sy hi trp cOa BTT
2.1. Khii nifm: Host ddng ngosi khda la cte host ddng idm ngoii chuong frlnh hpc chlnh khda, 14 ste choi ty nguyf n ctta HS ttty tiiude vte sy httng tiitt, sd tiilch, Muyfn vpng ctta HS toong khudn khi khi ning va diiu kifn ti chttc ctta nha toudng. Host ddng nay cd y nghla hi tov cho gite dye cMnh khda, dupe td chttc cd ki hosch vi phuong hudng xte dinh, dupe tite hinh tofn tinh tiite ty nguyfn ctta HS dudi sy hudng din ctta gite vien (GV) nhim bi sung vi md ring kite tiittc, gdp phte phit biin v i bote tiiif n nhte eteh, bii duOng ning kMiu vi steg tao ctta HS [4].
HDNK V|t 11 14 mdt toong nhttng host ddng ngoii gid len Idp, cd ti chttc, cd ki hosch, cd phuong hudng xte dinh, dupe tiin h4nh tiieo nguyfn tte ty nguyfn d ngoii gid lte idp chinh khda, dudi sy hudng dte ctta GV V|t II vdi s i lupng HS khdng
hsn chi, nhim gSy httng tiitt v i phit toiin tu dixy, rtn luyfn mdt s i 1^ ning, bo sung, ettng ci, md rdng v4 ning cao kiin tiittc V|t li ctta HS ding thdi nteg cao chit lupng hpc tip [ij.
2.2. Mtfc tUu is chic HDNK Vft 11 -I- Myc tifu I: Md rdng kiin tiiiic tiieo hudng tang cudng tinh hf tiling, tinh lich stt, tinh phuong pb^ lute ctta kiin tiittc, xiy dyng btte toanh v|t II vl tiiigidi...[l].
Ndi dung ngosi khda bao gim cte vte di: lich stt cte phit minh v|t 11, inh hudng ctta cte phit minh dii vdi sy phit toiin ctta nhte losi, ki chuyfn v|t II, kiim toa kiin tiiue vi ky nang v|t II ctta HS. bii dudng tinh yte v|t II cho HS, gite dye nhte eteh tiidng qua tim guong cte nhi bte hpc.
•H Myc tifu 2: Md rdng kiin tiittc tiieo hudng ting cudng tinh ttng dyng 1^ tiiu|t cua cic kiin tiittc v | t l l [ l ] .
Myc tifu n ^ nhte msnh tinh gite dye ky tiiu|t va hudng ngMfp, phat Mfn vi bii dudng HS ed nteg kMiu vi ky tiiuft, bii dudng ning lye steg tso cho HS. Ndi dung ngosi khda li cte ttng dyng ctta v|t li toong ddi sing v i ste xuit Cte nhdm HS dupe giao nMfm vy tim Miu, tiiiit ki bote chi tso mdt tiiiit bi ky tiiult nte dd. Dii tupng phii 14 cte HS cd nteg lye hpc t|p, dam mf ky tiiu|t.
+Myc tifu 3; Md ring, dte siu, bote chlnh kiin tiittc tiieo cte chuyfn di [1].
Myc tifu n ^ cM dinh cho cte HS tMch di siu ngMte cttu cte linh vyc hsp v4 khd ctta v|t II, di cd kh4 ning bd tti4nh cte nh4 ngMte ciiu vi V|t II. Cte HS tiiam gia Mnh tiittc ngosi khda n4y 14 nhttng HS
TAP Oil THrfrBiatoDMC-S(J 131-7/2016 • 21
HEN CUU & UNG DUNi
cd nai^ lye hr duy vst II va tt)te hpc t i t Cic em dupe to) chttc tiianh cte nhdm "nha vft U trt tiiii", ndi dung ngMfn cihi dupe ti chttc tiiinh cic chiQ-fn de di cte nhdm ty cbpa Dya vte nang lye vi ngi^fn vpng ctta HS, GV cd tiii lya chpn npi dung, Mnh tiittc HDNK phtt hpp vdi myc tifu vi dii tupng cy thi ctta nhi toirimg. ttt dd xiy dyng ndi dung, tfiiet ki kjch bin, triin khai host ddng.
2.3. Vai trd da vifc si d^ng BTT vd phin mim Mimio trong tdchic HBNK
HDNK lim cho qui trinh dsy hpc tiif m phong phtt da dsng, I4m cho vifc hpc tip cua HS tiifm hiing tiitt sinh ddng, tso cho HS Idng hang ssv ngMfn cttu khoa hpcdd la diiu kifn df phit trite kha nang, nang lye sin cd cua HS.
•Aq^ nMen, qua toinh tiiiit ki gi4o te HDNK ddi hdi ngudi GV mit nMiu cdng siie, tiidi gian, qui toinh host ddng ctta HS chua cd dinh hudng rd r4ng.
HDNK vdi sy hi top ctta BTT giup tiiu hut sy chtt y v4 phat toiin tit Xa duy ctta HS; tso nguin cam httng hpc tip; phat huy dupe tinh chtt ddng sang tso ctta thiy va.tod. HS budc diu biit stt dyng nhttng tiiao tac da dupe hpc qua chuong toinh Tin hpc toong hiidng di ttng dyng h^n BTT.
Phte mim Mimio bao gim cte gite cy difn tii, cdng cy tote hpc te, ghi Mnh v4 im tiianh. vdi hf thing t4i nguyfn quic ti, cung cip mdt bd cdng cy giteg dsy bote chinh, hi top GV chute bi bai giteg, sosn gite te mdt cich nhanh chdng, di ding, toinh bay b4i gi4ng sinh ddng, tiiyc ti, Idi cuin gittp nteg cao nang lye ctta HS va toinh dd chuyfn mdn ctta GV.
Khi ti chttc HDNK vdi BTT, GV cd flii di chuyin din bit ctt noi nio toong Idp hpc ma vin ed tiii diiu kMin, kiim soil dupe bai giang. HS cd tiii df dang tiiam gia v4o b4i hpc vdi hf tiling bang con dupe di chuyin ty do trong Idp.
Phte mim Mimio cdn hi tov lit tit cho sy tuong tac gitta GV vdi HS toong qua toinh HDNK, gittp GV kiim tn vd biit kit qu4 ngay tsi Idp rit tiiute tifn m4 vite dsy trinh cMiu hiidc diy khdng tiii tiiyc Mfn dupe, phan mim edn giup cho GV <§ d4ng ttiiet 1^
nhttng y tudng su phsm phong phtt.
3. Xiy dyng quy trinh ti chue HDNK v|t li vdi sy hi trp ctta BTT
Cte ctt v4o tiiye tien dsy hpc, chttng tdi da xiy dyng quy toinh ti chttc HDNK V|t II vdi sy hi top ctta BTT nhu sau;
j-lXic ainh muc tifu hogt Ofia ngogi khda:
Df td chttc dupe buii ngosi khda chit lupng, Mfu qui cao tiii diiu diu tifn li phii xte dinh myc tite cte dst dupe toong buii ngosi khda li ndi dung kiin
22 • TAP Oil m^B|GlAODVC-Sd 131-7/2016
thuc nhu thi nte, li m$t bii hpc, mdt chuong hay li mdt phte ndi dung nio dd.
Myc tifu v i Idin thuc: Cttng ci, khte ste kite thtte mi HS da dupe hpc Trong gid hpc chlnh khda;
Bi sung tiif m mdt s i tiidng tin, kiin tiittc cte ttng dyng toong ky fliu|t, ddi sing.
Myc tieu v i l<p ning: Rdn luyfn cho HS khi nang vte dyng cic kiin tiiiic da hpc d giii tiilch mft s i hifn ftrpng toting 1^ tiiu|t, ddi sing; TMit ki v4 che tso dupe mdt sd till ngMfm don gite; Rdn luyfn cte ky ning 14ra vite theo nhdm.
Myc tifu vi phit hriin tir duy: Phit huy tinh tieh eye vi sy httng tiitt ctta HS trong cic host ddng:
HS ty tiiinh l|p nhdm ttieo y nguyte, ty nhte nhif m vy mi cim tiiiy minh cd khi ning, ty giac va ci ging tfiyc hifn nhifm vy da nhte, ty Ifn lich host ddng ctta nhdm vi bi toi cic host ddng ctta nhdm mdt each hpp II, hifu qui... Phit friin ning lyc sang tso ctta HS thdng qua cac host ddng nhu: HS dua ra cac phuong te tMit ki, chi tso cte dyng cy difn ttt; dinh gia cte phuong te v i chpn phuong te phtt hpp nhit;
chpn v|t lifu, tim v|t lifu de chi tso vl lip d|t thanh phim; dua ra dupe cac giai phap ky tiiu|t di chi tso dupe dyng cy bin, df p v4 cd d§ cMnh xte cao.
3.2. Ltfa chpn nfil dung kiin thic hogt dfng ngogl khda: Lupng kiin tiittc nim toong ndi dung ngosi khda inh hudng Idn din phuong phip giing dsy va cich ti chttc HDNK ettng nhu cac ky nang ma HS tiiu dupe sau buii hpc. VI v|y, GV ein lya chpn nhttng kiin thtte quan trpng, cte dupe cttng ^ , nteg cao thfm so vdi ndi dung dsv hpc chlnh khda sao cho trinh trilng l|p (dsy isi kiln tiittc da dsy d chlnh khda), tMiu sdt (cte kiin tiittc d phte dpc tiifim, in nghifng d steh gite khoa), ding tfidi ein t|p toiuig vte cte kiin thtte cd the rtn luyfn cte ky nteg cho HS (giai thlch hifn tupng v|t II, ciu tso, nguyfn ly host ddng ctta ddng ca difn. miy phit difn. tim hiiu vf cudc ddi vi sy ngMfp cte nhi khoa hpc, cte hlnh tiittc choi mi hpc).
3.3. Lif a chgn ehu di vi Mnh thic hogt dpng ngofi khda: Cte ctt vte ndi dung chuong trinh, myc tifu dsy hpc v4 tinh hinh tiiye ti ctta vifc dsy hpc mdn v|t li trong gid hpc cMnh khda, dte diim HS v4 GV cttng nhu ctta nh4 toudng mi lya chpn chtt <A ngosi khda v|t II cho phu hpp. Chtt di NK h4m chtta nhttng ndi dung v4 Mnh tiittc ctta buii ngosi khda dd Vjte chpn chtt di rd ring sf cd tte dyng kich tiilch sy ehu y, dinh hudng tim II, tinh sin steg cho HS ngay tu ban dte.
Cte hinh tiittc HDNK phin Ttt toudng vi Cim
rJGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG
III
ling difn tu dupe lya chpn khdng cM don thute la cte nMfm vy nhte thiic li thuyit hay host ddng tay chte mi cte ndi dung n ^ ddi hdi HS cd cte host ddng toi tuf nhu vte dyng kien thiic, tim Meu thdng tin, ghi nhd, tiite lute nhdm... Be Mte thyc cte npi dung tote, GV cd tiii lya chpn mdt s i phuong tiittc dsy hpc ngosi khda phin niy nhu sau;
- Dsng toin Idp: t i chiic ngosi khda dsng tote Idp cho HS vdi Mnh tiittc Ndi chuyfn chuyfn <^.
Trong dd HS ctta mdt Idp ding thdi fliam gia cte host ddng nhte thtte chung, GV dieu kMin host ddng nhte tiittc, dn tip, ettng c i cho to4n Idp.
- HDNK cd tinh qute chttng rdng rai: ip dyng kMti chttc ngosi khda V|t II E)i vui di hpc cho HS.
Hinh tiittc Diy sf Idi cuin dupe rit nMiu HS tiiam gia, tso dupe khdng kM hpc t ^ , phi biin kiin tiittc cho ddng dte HS trong trudng.
3.4. Xiy d(pig thu vifn, thiit ki hogt dpng n^attkhda trlnphin mim Mimio
— Xiy dyng thir vifn Mimio: Thu vifn Mimio chtta dyng rit nMiu hlnh inh, miu v|t, video dupe phte losi tiieo tttng mdn hpc, phte hpc. Ttty nMfn di t i chttc tit HDNK, GV cte ph4i suu tim tiif m nMiu cte Mnh inh, video, flash phtt hpp di bi sung cho tiiu vifn. Trong tiiu vifn Mimio. GV cdn cd tiii xiy dyng hf tiling cte cte hdi d4nh sin cho HS. Ngo4i ra GV cd tiii stt dyng chttc ning gM chtt mte hinh di luu Isi Mnh inh mte Mnh (bii lim ctta HS) di lim tor lifu stt dyng sau niy.
Thiit ki hoft dfng ngosi khda trtn phin mem Mimio: Phin mim Mimio vdi cte tinh ning ctta mUih, hi trp cic Mfu irng tuong ty PowerPoint nf n GV ed tiii sosn tiite cic host ddng ngosi khda.
Ding tiidi Mimio cd hi bp cdng-cy, tich hpp cte phte mim PowerPoint, Word, Violet, cte phin mim till ngMfm v|t II ...nfn GV cd tiii di ding sosn tiite cic bii giing.
3.5. Lfa chgn thiit bfdgyhgcvi til Ufu tham khio: Trong qui toinh tiin hinh t i chttc HDNK, tuy da cd sy h i top eua BTT nhung khdng ttii phtt nhte vai tod ctta till nghifm tiiyc bote till ngMfm dOn gite ti tiin do GV vi HS ty lim. GV cte stt dyng nMiu tii lifu tiiam khte nhu; SGK, sich GV, steh tiiam khte, t4i lifu, tiidng tin ttt internet... ding tiidi cung cip cte t4i lifu tiiam khte hSni Ich cd lifn quan din ndi dung b4i hpc cho HS.
X6. Xiy dtfng kick bin ngogl khda: Kich bte t i chttc HDNK hiong ty nhu gite te Ifn Idp chlnh khda, U mdt chuong toinh da dupe phte tiite. Kich
bte chinh li xuong sing cbo ngosi khda, ddng vai tod de cuong chtt dso ctta buii ngosi khda. Kich bte mang Isi cho ngudi din chuang tohih (GV) cim giic ty tin de lim tot vai trd ctta "ngudi < ^ 141" trong buii ngosi khda. Kich ban 14 ca sd gittp GV khdng xa rdi myc tifu ban diu, dinh hudng buii ngosi khda theo dung y dd v4 dttng thdi gian dy kiin. E>i HDNK tiiinh cdng, ben csnh sy co ging ctta GV v4 HS, GV can hior ddng sy ho trp ctta ding ngMfp, nh4 btidng ve kinh phi, chuyte mdn ngMfp vy, ca sd v|t chit, trang tMet bi dsy hpc...
4. Vf dy vl phinnig i n t i chiic HDNK v | t U vdi sv hS trpr ciia BTT
Ndi chuyfn chimin Oi
Ndi dung HDNK dupe cMa 14m 2 phte:
- Phte 1: Cte nhdm bte cte vi cic ttng dyng ctta phte ttt trudng v4 cim ttng tii toting ddi sing tiieo sy phte cdng ctta GV. Nhdm I: Bip til, ding hi do difn; Nhdm 2: Phanh difn tilr, Nhdm 3: Luyfn kim, loa difn ddng; Nhdm 4: Difn ki khung quay
- Phte 2: TMet ki d$ng co difn don gite vdi cte dyng cy chute bi tiude GV ra nMfm vy cho c4e nhdm; "Ngay nay khoa hgc cdng nghf phdt triin vugt bdc, con ngudi dd tim tdi, nghiin ciu. phdt minh ra nfr nhiiu thiit bi hifn dgi phyc vy cho chinh ddi sdng cua con ngudi. HSy ddng vai trd Id mdt kp su difn ti, em cimg nhdm hdy nghien cuu di ty tgo ramft edi ddng ca difn mdt chiiu dan gidn li nhing vdt lifu cd sin!".
- Vifc t i chttc HDNK vdi sy hS top ctta BTT cdn gdp phte dii mdi phuong phap dsy hpc: 14m gi4m tiidi gian diin giing ctta GV, tso cho HS tiidi quen chtt ddng toong qui toinh x ^ dyng vi cMim linh toi thtte.
Tii Ufa tham khio
1. NgiqrSn Quang E>dng (2009). Phuong phdp td chic hogt ddng ngogi khda Vdt li. Trudng DH Thii Nguyfn.
2. Nguyin Dtte Thim, Nguyin Ngpc Hung (2008). Td chic hogt hgng nh$n thic cho HS trong dgyhgevgt li d trudng phd thdng. NXB Dsi hpc quic gia H i Ndi, Hi Ndi.
3. Phsm Httu Tdng (2001). I)>/a<Sndir». Ape Vdt li d tnidng phd thdng. NXB Gite dye. Hi Ndi
4. Kieu Quang Trung (2011). Nghien du dgy hgc ngogi khda j^idn Quang hinh hgc Vdt li 11 THPT. Lute van tiisc sT khoa hpc Giio dye, toudng Dsi hpc Su phsm Hui.
TAP CHtTHtfTBIGlAODVC-56131-7/2016 • 23