Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
Sir CAN THIET PHAI XAY DUNG QUY DjNH AN TOAN KY THUAT NOI Bd TRONG CAC DON VI KHAI THAC THAN HAM LO
In the coming years, for meeting the power requirements in the country's development, the coal sector has to Increase its coal output up to nearly 260 million tons in the period of 2011-2015 and most of which Is from undergound coal mines. During the past years, the safety management at underground coal mines has been innovated with the methane gas monitoring systems installed at some underground coal mines. However, the internal technical safety regulations for underground coal mining enterprises have not been so far established
TS. PHUNG QU6C HUY ThS. NGUYEN MINH PHIEN
VIen Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Md - Vinacomin
LDptvlndl
Dh dap yng nhu c l u nang lygng cho sy phat triln d i t nydc trong nhCpng nam tdi, nganh than se phai khai thac khoang 260 tripu t i n than trong vdng 5 nam (2011+2015). Theo k l hopeh san xult kinh doanh cua Tpp dodn Clng nghipp Than - Khoang san Vipt Nam, san lygng than nguyen khai nam 2011 dy kiln dpt 47 tripu t i n , san lygng than se tang d i n va dpt 60,3 tripu t i n vao ndm 2015. Trong s l dd, san lygng than khai thac Ip thien se giam d i n tLP 25,0 tripu t i n nam 2011 xulng cdn 20,8 tripu t i n vao ndm 2015. Ngygc Ipi, san lygng than him 16 se tang nhanh tCp 21,5 tripu t i n ndm 2011 len tdi 39,4 tripu t i n vao ndm 2015 va dy kiln san lygng than khai thac him 16 se tdng gIp doi vIo ndm 2025.
Nhy vly, I p lye len nganh khai thac than him 16 I I vo cung to Idn m l dpc bipt I I cong t i c an toin khi md rpng k A x u l t v l xulng slu.
^ T r o n g nh&ng ndm vya qua.
cac bipn phap quan ly an toan da dygc doi mdi, cac trang thilt bj do dpc, canh bao khi metan cung da dygc lip dpt tpi cac dan vj khai thac than him 16, cong tac nghien eyu xac djnh dp chya khi, dp thoat khi, cong tac dao tpo an toan, cong tac kilm toan mpng g i i da dygc tiln hanh triln khai.
Tuy nhien, vipc xay dyng cac quy djnh an toan npi bp tpi cac dan vj khai thac than him 16 chya dygc thyc hipn.
Tpi Nhpt Ban, s l vy tai npn do n l khi metan va byi than giai doan 1950 + 1985 la 346 vy, lam chit 2259 ngLPdi [1].
Trong dd, cd 60 vy tai npn nghiem trpng (tren 10 ngydi chit) lam chit 2199 ngydi chu y l u do chay, n l khi metan vd byi than, bye nydc, chdy mo. Tuy nhien, tCp sau nam 1986, s l vy tai npn do n l khi metan va byi than da giam v l eon s l khong. De lam dygc dilu nay la do nglnh than cua Nhpt Ban da khong ngCpng cai thipn dilu kipn lam vi$c cho ngydi lao dpng, xay dyng va lien tyc cai tiln khung phip ly
v l an toan mo, dao tpo va nang cao nhpn thyc, y thyc cho ngydi lao dpng.
Mpe du gpp nhilu tai npn, sy e l , nhyng cac mo than tpi Nhpt Ban da tim dygc nhCpng bipn phap quan ly rui ro, giam thilu s l vy tai npn trong khai thac. Ngoai vipc quan ly an toan trong cdc mo than theo quy phpm, Nhpt Ban cdn c6 Quy djnh an toan nOi bp (In- company safety rules) cho ca ky sy va cong nhan. Nhu'ng quy djnh an toan npi bp nay dygc xay dyng tren ca sd Luat an toan mo va Quy phpm an toan mo than. Dya tren nhCpng dieu kipn dygc djnh hydng theo quy phpm an toan cua cong ty, hang nam cac md da hoan thipn cac quy (^nh an toan npi bp cho dan vj minh.
Tai Vipt Nam, vipc quan ly an toan dygc thyc hipn theo Quy phpm ky thupt an toan trong cac him 16 than va di#p thpch TCN 14.06.2006, nay Id Quy chuIn ky thu|it quIc gia v l an toan trong khai thic than him 16 QCVN 01:
2011/BCT; cic quy djnh cua
KHCNM S6 9/2011* AN lOAN M 6
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Tpp doan va cua cac dan vj san xult. Cac van ban phap quy nay da dygc ap dyng va cai tiln trong qua trinh thyc thi.
Tuy nhien, vipc thay d l i hay dilu chinh cac loai van ban nhy quy phpm hay quy chuan khdng t h i thyc hipn dygc trong thdi gian ngan (thing thydng CCP 5 nam sCpa d l i quy pham 1 lln). Tren thyc t l , cong nghe va thilt bj trong cac khau san xult cua mo him 16 lien tyc thay d l i 6e dap Cpng nhu clu gia tang san lygng cua nganh than. Nhy vpy, vipc xay dyng Quy djnh ky thupt an toan npi bp trong cong ty cho phep thay d l i , b l sung va cpp nhpt lien tyc la mpt vipc lam d n thilt gdp phln nang cao mCpc dp an toan, cai thipn dilu kipn lam vipc va SCPC khoe cho ngydi lao dpng.
Ngoai ra cac npi dung trong Quy chuan ky thupt an toan da dygc ban hanh da phln dIu mang tinh ting quat, chya chi tilt va chya t h i dp dyng tn^c tilp dygc vao thyc t l .
Myc dich cua vipc xay dyng Quy djnh ky thupt An toan npi bp (QDATNB) trong mo him 16 la cy t h i hoa dygc cac quy djnh, quy phpm, quy chuIn hipn hanh tren ca sd cac quy djnh, bipn phap, giai phIp cua Tpp doan Cong nghipp Than Khoang san Vipt Nam, cua cac cong ty khai thac than him 16 da dygc due kit tCp thyc t l san xult trong nhilu nam qua phu hgp vdi cac sa d l cong nghp va trang thilt bj cua mo.
2. Quy trinh t i l n hanh Vi$c x l y dyng Quy djnh
muiuahntM - Dilu k i ^ i n 6 dja chit
- Hi^n ITVig md via, {thai thic, Ihdng gi6 va cac Idiau sin xuit khic.
- Cic quy trinh cdng nghe {thai thic.
- Cic quy trinh cdng ngh$ dao ch6ng 16.
- Cic quy trinh via hinh thiet b| dicn, thiet bi van tii, thoit nuoc.
- T i i H?u tham khio.
Chinh sira H o a n thign Ban bidb -'
0»ATN»'
Chira hoin thifn
Hinh 1. Sa do khoi quy ky thupt an toan npi bp dygc t i l n hanh theo cac byde sau (hinh 1):
By&c 1: DCrli^u dau vao Thu thpp cac tai lipu mo, dja chit, hipn trpng md via, khai thac, hp thing thong gid, cac hp thing kilm scat va quan ly khi mo, cac quy trinh clng nghe khai thac va dao chlng 16, cac quy trinh vpn hanh thilt bj thing gii, vpn tai, thoat nydc, quy trinh khoan tham dd bye nydc.
Byac 2: Xay dyng dy thao Xay dyng dy thao quy dmh an toan npi bp phu hgp vdi dilu kipn mo, dja chit, dilu kipn v l cong nghp va trang thilt bj dang ap dyng tpi mo.
Ban dy thao nay se dygc chinh SLPa nhilu l l n bdi dan vj Ipp quy djnh va mo cho d i n khi hoan thipn.
Bydc 3: Ban hanh
Sau khi da hoan thipn Quy
trinh xay dyng QD ATNB
djnh an toan npi bp, mo se ra quylt djnh ban hanh va dya vao ap dyng.
Byac 4: Ra soat, c$p nh$t Trong qua trinh dp dyng vao thyc t l san xult, nlu phat hipn nhCpng dilu khong phu hgp vdi thyc t l hope nhu'ng cong nghp mdi dya vao ma chya dygc cpp nhpt trong Quy 6\r\h ky thupt an toan npi bp, mo se ty chfnh sCra, b l sung hope thue dan vj ty vin hoan thipn. Thong thydng, eu' sau 1 nam dp dyng, d n ra scat, chfnh sya, b l sung cho phu hgp. Tuy nhiln, trong topdng hgp khin clp, co t h i thay dli, b l sung bit ky luc nao.
3. Npi dung cua quy djnh ky thupt an toan npi bp
Nhyng npi dung chinh cua QD ATNB bao gIm nhyng phln sau:
Gi&i thifu chung: KhIi quit dilu kipn mo dja chit cdc khu vyc nam trong khai
KHCNM S6 9/2011* AN TOAN MO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo
trydng clng ty quan ly, khai quat v l md vfa, thong gid va cac khau cong nghp dang dp dyng tpi mo.
Quy djnh chung: Trinh bay cac can CLP, thupt ngCp, djnh nghTa, cac quy djnh v l h i sa mo, Ili thoat, an toan va bao hp lao dpng, lopi khi md va cong tac kilm tra giam sat va cac quy djnh chung khac trong san xult tpi mo.
Khai thac than trong Id chfjT. Trinh biy cac quy djnh ky thupt an toan cho tCpng lopi clng nghp khai thac than trong 16 ehg dang dp dyng tpi mo.
Dao chong Id: Trinh bay cdc quy djnh ky thupt an toan cho tCpng lopi cong nghp dao, chlng Id dang dp dyng tpi mo.
Thong gio va kiim soat khi mo: Trinh bdy cdc quy djnh v l hp thing th6ng gid chinh, thong gid 16 dpc dpo, CLPa gid, tydng chin, XLP ly sy c l , kilm sodt khi mo.
Quy djnh ve /i# thong quan trie khi mo: Trinh bdy cdc quy djnh v l quan ly vd vpn hdnh hp thing quan trie v i XU" ly sy c l .
Quy djnh vi v$t ligu no va no min: Trinh bay cdc quy djnh v l n l min trong 16 than v l 16 chuIn bj, vpn chuyin, bao quin, lyu trCp vpt lipu n l .
Quy djnh vi thoat ny&c vii ngin ngira bye ny&c mo: Trinh bIy cac quy djnh v l thodt nydc trong Id, ngdn ngCpa cdc nguy ca bye nydc tip cdc d l i tygng chCpa nydc, cdc quy djnh khi SLP dyng thilt bj chuyin dyng cho clng t i c thodt nydc, thio nydc.
Quy dinh trong cdng tic v$n tai md: Trinh bIy c i c
quy djnh d l i vdi t i t d cdc hinh thCpc vpn t l i than, vpt lieu, ngydi trong mo.
Quy dinh trong cac cong
tac di^n mo: Trinh bdy cdc quy djnh v l van hanh su' dung, su'a chCpa lip dpt thilt bj trong him mo.
Bing 1. So sinh mgt so ngi dung ca bin giwa Quy chuan vi QD ATNB ( Ghi chu: x: Co; o : Khong
TT 1 2 3 - - - - 4
-
5 - -
6 7 8 - - 9
"10 11 12 13 - -
Ndi dung Gidi thieu chung v l md Quy djnh chung
Khai thac than trong 16 chg L6 chg chlng go
Ld chg chlng cpt thuy lye Ld chg gid thuy lye di dpng Ld chg gid khung thuy lye di dpng L6 chg t l hgp ddn chlng 2ANSH L6 chg ddn chlng KDT-1
L6 chg t l hgp ddn chlng Vinaalta Dao chdng 16
Chong [d bdng vi go Chlng 16 bing vl s i t
Chlng 16 bing bd tdng cIt thep
Chlng 16 bing vi neo k i t hgp bd tdng phun
Ddo 16 bing phuang phdp ca gidi hda Ddo Id bdng phu-ang phdp thu cong (KNM) Thong gid, kilm soat khi md
Thfing gid chinh Th6ng gid eye bd Quy djnh v l thdo khi
Bi$n phdp XLP ly sy c l khi c h l do thdng gid bj vi phpm gdy tich ty khi
Quy djnh ve xdy dyng vd md tu'dng c h i n Hp thing quan trie, canh bdo khi md Vpt lipu n l va n l min
Thoat nydc md Thodt nLPdc nglm Thodt nu'dc be m$t Khoan thdm dd thdo nu'dc V | n tai md
Tdi h i trg ngLPdi di bd Song loan ehd ngydi Tdi vd eye
Ky thupt dipn
Phdng chay vd chira chay
V$ sinh cong nghif p vd mdi t n i ^ g sinh thdi Kilm soat ngydi vd thilt bj ra vao Id Kilm sodt thu cdng
Kilm sodt bing the tip, thilt bj djnh vj
QCVN 01:201 1/BCT
0 X
X 0 0 0 0 0 0
X 0 0 0 0 X
X X 0 0 0 0 0
X X 0
0 X 0 X X X
0 0
QD AT NB
X X
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X X
X X
KHCNM s d 9/2011* AN TOAN M 6
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
Quy djnh vi phdng chay va chya chay mo: Trinh bay cac quy djnh v l SLP dyng cac thilt bj phdng chlng chay, phyang phap xac djnh nguyen nhan cac dam chay trong mo.
Quy djnh vi vp sinh cong nghiep va moi trw&ng sinh thai: Trinh bay cac quy djnh v l vp sinh cong nghiep va m6i tnjdng sinh thai cua mo.
Quy djnh vi kiim soat ngy&i ra vao Id: Trinh bay cac quy djnh v l ngydi ra vao Id, ngydi gdc CLPa Id, quy djnh v l clng nghe djnh vj kilm soat ngLPdi ra vao Id.
Bang 1 cho thIy, QDATNB cd npi dung cy t h i va sat thyc t l han Quy phpm hay Quy chuIn rlt nhilu. Cac quy 6\nh an toan dygc thay dli tuy thupc vao tinh hinh cong nghp va thilt bj su' dyng thyc t l tpi mo.
4. Ket luan
Quy djnh an toan npi bp la mpt van ban phap ly mIm deo dygc xay dyng dya tren cac van ban cua Nha nydc va Tpp doan, cho phep cac nha dilu hanh mo chfnh sipa bo sung khi d n thilt. Quy djnh an toan npi bp da hp thing Ipi cac quy djnh an toan trong cac khau san xult phu hgp vdi tLPng dilu kipn cua tCpng dan vj.
Quy djnh an toan npi bp nay se dygc b l sung chfnh SLPa hang nam, phu hgp vdi dilu kipn san xult va cdng nghp cua dan vj.
Quy djnh an toan npi bp giup cac nha dilu hanh md quan ly an toin mpt each chuyen nghipp, cd hp thing.
Day la tdi lipu quan ly an toan hCpu hipu, Id tiln d l cho vipc xay dyng hp thing quan ly an
toan SLPC khoe nghe nghipp theo tieu chuan quIc t l cho cac dan vj khai thac than him 16./.
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Takehiro Isei. NhOng thanh cong va that bai trong cong tac quan ly an toan va moi tryang trong Ijch sy khai thac than cua Nh$t Ban. Hpi nghi Khoa hpc ky thupt mo q u l c t l 2 0 1 0 .
2. QCVN or. 2011/BCT Quy chuan quoc gia ve an toan trong khai thac than ham Id. Bp Clng Thyang, 2011.
3. QCVN 02: 2008/BCT Quy chuan ky thu$t quoc gia ve an toan trong bao quan, v$n chuyen, sO dyng va tieu hOy v$t li$u no cong nghi$p.
Bp Cong Thyang, 2008.
4. Quy djnh Ky thupt an toan npi bp trong mo ham 16 tai Cong ty than Quang Hanh, 2011.
U'NG DUNG CHirONG T R I N H HIEN THI CAC DAU DO TRUC QUAN. .
(Tiep theo trang 30) + Thj sat cac sy kipn: hiln
thj cac sy kipn d l i vdi chyang trinh nhy thdi gian dang nh|ip, thdi gian kit thuc, giup ngydi quan ly cd t h i bilt dygc nhCpng ai da dang nhpp va SLP dyng Hp thing.
+ Quan ly cac kenh do:
quan ly, thay d l i cac biln s l cua chyang trinh, cy t h i d l i vdi hp thing giam sat khi metan thi dygc dung d l cai d|t tham s l cua kenh do cua tu KSP-2C, cic tham s l canh bdo.
Chyang trinh hiln thj Hp thing lln min hinh miy tinh
dygc LPng dyng d l thilt k l cac sa d l , tpo nen cac chi tilt, cac khuon mlu, v.v.
Khi ehpy chyang trinh phln mIm nay, cac thong s l ky thupt cua cic thilt bj canh bio cua hp thing quan trie se dygc cpp nhpt lien tyc. Trong trydng hgp binh thygng, toan bp cac dIu do se hiln thj mau xanh la cay tren ban d l . Khi c6 canh bao, cac thilt bj hiln thj se ty dpng d l i mau theo cac mCpc nguy hilm dygc dpt trydc. D l i vdi hp thing gilm sat khi metan, khi vygt ngydng canh bao mCpc nhp thi
tren sa d l se cd canh bdo^
nhIp nhay mau vang vd khi vygt ngydng canh bdo nguy hilm thi tren sa d l se cd canh bao nhIp nhay mau do (hinh 2, 3). N l u dIu do CO Ili nhy khong nhpn tin hipu dydng truyin thi c6 canh bao mau tim. Luon eo am thanh trong qua trinh xay ra canh bdo giup ngydi quan ly sdm phdt hipn tinh trpng nguy hilm.
Ngoai ra, chyang trinh Solaris cho phep ngydi v|n hanh t y tpo cac nut bim d l xem ban d l cdc khu vyc mpt each nhanh nhlt v l c6 thi kilm soat dygc hopt dpng cua thilt bj khong thupc hp thing giam sat khi metan tpp trung ty dOng (qupt gid, thilt bj vpn tai, bam nydc, v.v.) nhd vdo bp xy ly tin hipu 2 trpng thdi,- CSDS-2./.
KHCNM S6 9/2011* AN TOAN M 6