orilNDANGlAODUC
Khung chuong trinh moi cua he dao tao cao cap ly luan chinh trj - hanh chi'nh hien nay
doi dieu c a n trao doi
TSNGUYfiNMAU D1;NG*
LTS: Hiin nay, chuong trinh mdi cua hi ddo tgo cao cdp ty hidn chinh tri • hdnh chinh dang duQC xdy dung vd dp dung thii nghiim. Khung chuong trinh ddo tgo Id yiu tdco bdn, c6^
nghia quyit dinh din ch^ lugng ddo tgo nin dang duoc nhiiu ngudi quan tdm vd co cdc S kiinkhdcnhau.Dirdngdudngtraoddi,T^chiSinhhogttyludnxingidithiiubdiviil-^ld^
dudi ddy ciia tdc gid Nguy§n Mdu Dung vi cdc v6n dk liin quan dibgn doc dm hiiu, gop^.
T
heo Quyd't dinh s i 3152/QD-HVCT-HCQG, dp eua mdt nganh dupc dko tao; tim thk'y ddd tinh co ngky 16 -10 - 2008 d a giam die Hpc vidn Chfnh bdn, tinh hi thdng va tinh hien dgi, (dl phkn bidt giiia tri Hanh chinh Qud'c gia Hi Chf Minh phd he dko tao vdi he dko tao lai hoac be boi dirong); ciing duydt khung chuong trinh cao ck'p ly lukn chfnh tri - nhu kha nkng thfeh ung va phat triln ciia san phk'm hknh chi'nh cho dd'i tupng dao tao d cac bpc vidn chfnh dko tao. Cho ndn, khung chuong trinh la ylu t l quan tri - hknh chi'nh khu vuc, trong dd, mdt trong nhiing trpng nhk't vira phan anh muc tidu dko tao vira la co sd muc tidu dao tao cao d p ly lukn cbi'nh tri - hanh chinh tao ra chk't lupng dko tao. Dua trdn dch tid'p can dd, dupc xac dinh giiip ngubi hpe: ndm vung nhung kiin thi muc tidu dko tao dupe xac dinh, thlhien nhutrgn thde eo bdn, ed M tMng vi ehd nghia Mac - Linin, tu la cd ti'nh khoa hpc. Dd'i chilu vdi dd'i tupng dko tao thi tudng Hd Chi Minh, dudng ldi quan diim cua Ddng, muc tidu trdn la hoan toan cbi'nh xac, phu hop vdi he ehinh sdch, pMp ludt cda Nhd nude; nhung tri thdc co dko tao co ban eua he thd'ng bpc vidn va dap iing vdi bdn eila khoa hge ly ludn chinh tri, khoa hgc Mnh ehinh. ydu clu deb mang trong giai doan mdi, tbl hien rdLy lukn day hpe dk khkng dinh, dl dat dupc muc phuong chkm dko tao: "gdn ly ludn vdi thue tiin", "hge tidu dko tao thi viee xky dung clu tnic, phkn bl ndi di ddi vdi Mnh" Chuong trinh mdi dk dupc tid'n hanh dung chuong trinh dko tao lk hat nhkn co ban chiia giang thf dilm d 4 bpc vidn khu vue tir nkm hpc 2009 - dung tri tue va trinh dd dko tao cua mdt he thd'ng, mdt 2010. Qua qua trinh dupc tham gia Ik'y y kid'n xky linh vuc dao tao hoac mdt trung tkm dko tao. Ban dung khung chuong trtnh vk true tid'p t l chiic giang thkn sir phkn b l ndi dung cua mdt chuong trinh dko day mdt s i ldp tai Hpc vidn Chi'nh tri - Hknh chinh tao (hay cbn gpi lk khung chuong trinh dko tao) chfnh khu vuc III, chiing tdi budc diu xin cd mdt s i y kid'n la tk'm guong phan anh dac dilm, kha nkng vk trinh trao dd'i nhu sau:
Mgt Id, ddi chiiu vdi muc tiiu ddo tgo theo Quyit 'Hoc viin Chfnh trj - Hinh chfnh khu voc III dinh 3152, thi each tiip cdn khi thiit ki khung ehuong
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trinh ddo tgo theo "nhdm chuyin di" Id cd su kMng dn linh vuc khoa hge. Tinh hd thd'ng ciing d n dupe the hidn khdp vd cdng khdng phu hgp vdi hi ddo tgo co bdn tiong timg bai giang, tiong timg Ibi giai thich mach lac
Trude hit, dl lam rd nhkn dinh nay, theo chiing d a giao vign, tiong t l hpp d c bai tap, bai lam tudn tu tdi, d n cd sur thd'ng nhk't ve d c khai nidm "dao tao co cho ngiroi hpc.
ban'', "tfnh co ban", "tfnh he thd'ng" eua mdt chuong Theo dch bilu tign, dl dam bao mdt ehuong trinh trinh dko tao. dao tao ca bdn, cd hi thdng, thi ehuong trinh dd phai
Ddo tgo ca bdn: la qua trinh chuyin giao cd he dupe xky dung theo cdch tiip can bd nidn, (chifkhdng thd'ng, cd phuong phap nhiing tri thiic, nhiing kinh phai theo nhdm duydn dl). Vi tign thuc tito chiie giang nghigm, nhiing ky nkng, ky xao nghi nghigp, bii duong day mdt so ldp thf dilm thbi gian qua, chung tdi nhkn nhiing phk'm chk't dao due d n thig't vk chuk'n bi tkm thky chuong trinh mdi khdng tbl dam bao nhung yeu tbl eho ngubi hpe di vko cudc sd'ng lao ddng tur lap. d u eo bdn, ed hi thdng nhumue tidu dao tao dk dl ra.
Vi vky, chuong trinh dao tao phai "dam bao tfnh ekn Khung chuong trinh mdi cd uu dilm ro net la budc dd'i, hai hba cua d hd thd'ng, clu tme d c bd mdn dl diu dk cung d p nhung tri thifc ly lukn cd tinh cdp nhkm thuc bidn tion ven muc tidu dao tao". Trong chuong nhdt woi dbi hdi d a thuc tidn dch mang nudc ta va xu trinh dko tao phai cd he thd'ng d c bd mdn vk ehuong tbl thbi dai hien nay, song lai thiiu tinh hi thdng cua trinh bd mdn tuong thfeh vdi chuong trinh dao tao^ tri thue khoa hpe ly lukn chi'nh tri. Vk eiing vi giang
Tinh ca bdn: dd la vide phai chpn lpc nhiing tri thue theo nhdm chuyin di, ndn he thd'ng khdi niim, pham khoa hpe can thilt nhit, nhiing tri thiic cd tinh nin tdng trd cua timg bd mdn khd dupc trinh bay mdt dch day cua d c nganh khoa hpc dl tiang bi cho ngubi hpc. Tinh du, Idgic, do dd, tinh co bdn trong khung chuong trinh CO ban dam bao eho ehuong trinh, sach giao khoa, d e mdi eiing ehua dupc thlhien diing. Nhu vky, dilu trude bai giang d a giang vign ludn bam chkc vao nhiing co sd tidn d dky d n xem lai khdng phai la kit d u bdn tiong nin tdng eda khoa hge, cung d p cho ngubi bpc nhung cua khung chuong trinh ma Id each tiip can dl xky dilu chinh yiu cda kMa hgc do, giiip hp di theo con dung khung chuong trinh dd dk phu hpp chua? Dilu dubng ngan nhk't, van dung d e phuong phap hieu qua nay chiing tdi ngay tii diu trong qua trinh soan thao nhk't dl nim dupe tu tudng va ndi dung chu dao cua ciing da cd y kiln khi trao dd'i vdi chu nhiem dl an.
khoa hpc ma khdng sa da vko nhung kiln thuc khdng Thuc tidn thbi gian giang day thu nghigm vira qua dk trpng ylu, nhifng thdng tin vun vkt, tan man din tdi khkng dinh thdm nhkn dinh dd.
khdng nam chkc bdn chdt eua su vdt vd ede quy ludtpMt Hai Id, do khung ehuong trinh khdng xdy dung theo triin cda chdng. Nghia la phai nkm dupc logic cua mdn each tiip edn bd nidn nin trin thuc ti vai trd chd tri, chi hgc, nam dupc nhifng kMi niim kMa hgc eo ban va dgo mi dung gidng dgy cda ede td bg mdn vd khoa nhiing quy lugt chung nhdt, co bdn nhdt cua vln dl^. edng mo hd, khdng rd rdng
Tinh hi tMng: la nguydn tic coban d a giao due, dbi Thuc tl, cd nhifng nhdm ehuyen dl hen quan din hdi phai dam bao cung d p tri thiic khoa hpc theo mdt hai, thkm chf ba bd mdn hoac khoa chiu trach nhidm tikt tu Idgic chat che va ren luyen ky nkng, ky xao mdt giang day, do dd, vide hd thd'ng giai dap, ra dl thi va dch tuin tur. Ban thkn khoa hpe bao gib eung la mdt he cham thi se khdng tianh khdi sur khdng rd rang tiong thd'ng nhifng sur kidn, nhiing khai nidm khoa hpc, nhiing tiach nhiem ndi dung ciing nhu tiong cdng tac to due bd dinh lukt va hpe thuyd't, tiong dd phan anh mdt linh vuc may. Ciing cd y kiln cho rkng, nlu thue bien chuong nhk't dinh eua tbl gidi khach quan vk nhiing quy lukt trinh nay thi d 4 hpc vien khu vue khdng cin thilt cd bd phat triln d a nd, eho ndn se khdng nim dupc khoa hpc may t l chiic d c khoa, tibd mdn nifa va thay vao dd chi nlu nhu khdng nghidn cifu, tig'p thu tri thuc khoa hpc la dpi ngii d e chuydn gia ed tinh ehuygn sku d timg tiong he thd'ng d a nd. Tfnh he thd'ng tbl bidn tiong vide nhdm chuydn dl, nkm dudi sur dilu hknh chung d a hpc trinh bay ndi dung kiln thiic theo mdt trinh tuehdt che, vidn thdng qua ban dao tao la du va phii hpp (vi hidn tai kMi niim vd nguyin ly eho trude phdi gidp cho supMt hg thing d c hpc vign khu vuc chi dam tiach dao tao triin khdi niim vd nguyin ly hgc sau, diiu niu ra sau ehuong trinh cao d p chi'nh tri - hknh chi'nh vk d c ldp dugcsuyratddikucMtru6e,tdteddhcdquunhekMng i^ 2. Bui Hiin (vide tic gii): TO <riin giio due hoc, Nxb TU khit vdi nhau tgo nin mdt ehinh thi thong nhdt eua tdng diin bich khoa, H, 2001.
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bdi dubng ngkn ban, khdng dao tao he dnhkn, sau dai quy thbi gian dao tao dl xky dung phan '"mim" cua hpc). Nhuvay, theo dd hang loat van dl nhutI chuc bd chuong trinh, nhkm tao dieu Men cho ehu tbl dao tao may, edng tae dao tao dpi ngii d n bp giang day nghien (hpc vidn, trubng, khoa, to bd mdn va giao vidn) lua cuu... ciing ekn phai dupe dii mdi coban, cd nhuvky mdi chpn nhifng thdng tin, kiln thue phii hpp vdi dd'i tupng tuong thfeh vdi ndi dung, ehuong trinh dao tao mdi. Y dko tao trong timg loai ldp (phan nay dupc thi bidn kiln tidn ciing rk't dang nghign ciiu, xem xet. trong tdp bdi gidng va gido dn do giang vign bign soan,
Dd'i vdi khung chuong trinh mdi dang triln khai thdng qua sir thk'm dinh cua co sd dao tao cd tham thu nghidm hidn nay, thuc tied nhiing uru dilm kha rd quyln). Nhuvky, vdi chuong tiinh dupc xky dung nhu d khd ndng cung d p nhifng kig'n thifc ly lukn cd ti'nh trgn se vira dam bao dupc tfnh khoa hpc, vira dam bao cap nhdt vdi ydu eau d a thue tiln dch mang dit nudc sir hai hba giifa ygu cau chung eua d p hpc (trinh dp va xu tbl cua thbi dai. Vi vky, theo chiing tdi, npi cao cap ly lukn chfnh tri hanh cbi'nh) vdi ydu d u dung, chuong trinh dupc d u tao theo dch tie'p can ridng mang tfnh dac thu cua dd'i tupng dao tao, dky nhdm chuyin di Igi rdt phd hgp vdi hi ddo tgo Igi vd ciing la mdt "khdng gian" d n thid't (10% - 20% dung bdi dudng ngdn hgn cho dpi ngii d n bd lanh dao, quan lupng chuong trinh) de d c chu thi dao tao va giao ly (LD, QL) d c d p ma dky la mdt trong nhiing budng vidn cd dilu kien phat huy ti'nh chu ddng sang tao tipng tkm cua he thd'ng hpc vidn trong nhiing nam tdi. trong nghidn cuu va giang day.
Ba Id, li$u cd hgp ly khdng khi chi cd mdt cap dd Trdn day mdi chi la mdt si suy nghi, tran trd budc ddo tgo (cao cdp) cua chi mdt ngdnh ddo tgo (khoa hgc dau cua ca nhkn, vdi tu each la mpt giang vien dang ly ludn chinh tri - hdnh ehinh) lai ed ba khung chuang true tid'p dung ldp dl triln khai chuong trinh mdi. La tnnh khde nhau ? mdt chuong trinh dao tao cd hdn quan dd'n chk't lupng
Dil ring dd'i tupng dao tao cd khac nhau (dd'i vdi he dpi ngii d n bp LD, QL d c dp, vi vky rk't can de'n mdt dao tao cao cap ly lukn chi'nh tri - hanh chinh trong he su than trpng cin thid't. Dl rdng dubng trao dd'i nhkm thd'ng Hpc vidn Chi'nh tri - Hanh chfnh Qud'c gia Hi Chf hoan thidn chuong trinh, xuk't phat tir nhiing suy nghi Minh hidn cd nhilu loai dd'i tupng co ban: dd'i tupng la d trdn, xin cd mpt si kid'n nghi sau:
d n bd LD, QL ngubi dkn tdc thilu si, dd'i tupng la d n Thd nhdt, tir nhiing sur phkn ti'eh d phan trdn, xin bd chu chd't d p huyen va tuong duong, dd'i tupng la d n dupe thu binh dung he thd'ng d c chuong trinh dao tao bdchuchltdp tinh,bd,ban,nganhtrunguongvatuong va bii dubng tai be thd'ng Hpc vidn Chi'nh tri - Hanh duong...), nhung kbi ma bkng cao d p ly lukn chfnh tri - chfnh Qud'c gia Hi Chf Minh nhusau: Ngoai dc chuong banh chfnh, xet vl thang bkc tiong he thd'ng bing d p trinh dao tao sau dai bpc, nghidn ciiu sinh va be dnhkn chung do Dang vk Nha nudc quy dinh diu cd tinh phap chuyen nganh, thi cd: 1 chuong trinh dao tao co ban vl ly nhunhau, thi vide ed nhilu khung ehuong trinh, giao cao d p ly lukn chi'nh tri - banh cbi'nh (dupe xky dung trinh khac nhau la mku thukn va khdng hpp ly vl d ly theo dch tilp ran bd mdn); 2 chuong trinh dao tao lpi lukn day hpc lin thuc tiin cdng tac d n bd. va bii dubng ngin ban (dupc xky dung theo each tilp
Thilt nghi, dl dam bao ndi dung dao tao phu hpp can chuydn dl) cho 02 loai dd'i tupng la cari bd d p chiln vdi dd'i tupng dao tao thi vide xky dung chuong trinh lupc (can bp LD, QL chu chd't tirdp tinh dd'n dc bd, ban, phai dupe giai quyd't theo hudng cua ly lukn day bpc nganh trung uong) do tining tkm hpc vidn chiu trach chung, cu tbl la ehi cd mpt chuong trinh cao d p ly nhiem to chuc va giang day va loai dd'i tupng la d n bp lukn chinh tri - hanh chfnh thing nhk't, tiong chuong d p chap banh, d p triln khai thue hien cu tbd'^ (can bd trtnh dd dam bao 80% - 90% dung lupng quy thai gian LD, QL d p huyen va tuong duong) do d c hpc vien khu dko tao dl cung ck'p phkn ''ciing" cua chuong trinh vuc chiu trach nhiem to chuc va giang day. Ndi dung, (phin CO ban nhk't, chung nhk't, cd ti'nh bit budc dd'i chuong tiinh dao tao lai va boi dubng ngin ban thi cu vdi hd cao dp, phin nay dupe till bien tiong^ido trinh sau nhiem ky Dai bdi Dang toan qud'c se ekn cii vao ndi chudn qude gia). Ding thbi, cho phep tir 10% - 20% dung cua d c van Men cua Dang de tiln banh bl sung, . sua chiia va hoan chinh.
3. Viic ggi tin dcioaidn bd d diy cunq mdi chili tamthdi,^ Thdhai, chuong trinh mdi da duoc triln khai thu
cd tlnh nhin diin bode diu, chOchoa hin da a chfnh xie ve > o . mitkhoa hgc. ' ^^'^ ''^P ''^"9 81
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Ba Id, xky durng dpi ngii giang vidn ed trinh dp, tidu, ndi dung, chuong trinh, xky dung dpi ngu giang nkng lure, nhkt la kinh nghidm thurc tiin vk phuong vidn, chl dp chi'nh sach v.v... nhim dam bao cdng tac phap giang day phu hpp dd'i vdi dd'i tupng la ngubi dko tao ngky cang td't hon.
dkn tdc thid'u so. Do kha nkng tid'p thu kiln thue eua Ndm Id, d c dia phuong, don vi can nim bit mdt dd'i tupng nay han chl nen vide su dung phuong phap dch cu the', chi'nh xac thuc trang tinh bmh dpi ngu d n giang day ti'eh cue bao gIm he thd'ng d a nhilu phuong bd ngubi dkn tdc thilu sitien dia ban. Xky dung chiln phap khac nhau nhung trpng tkm vin la phuong lupc phat triln dpi ngii nay trong tung giai doan, dam phap day truyin thu ndn vln dl, trong dd Ik'y phuong bao cac khku quy hoach, tao nguIn cho dg'n dao tao phap true quan sinh ddng lam nin cho phat triln tu d n bd, cd nhu vky mdi dap iing dupe nhu clu vl dd'i duy cua hpe vidn. Ridng dd'i vdi he nay, ndn eho hpc tupng dao tao cungnhuddi ngu d n bd nhim phuc vu vidn vid't thu hoach gan vdi thue tiin timg vimg, miln cho sir nghidp phat triln kinh t l - van hda - xk hdi tai sau timg hpc phkn dl hp ed thdi gian nghidn cifu, dia phuong trong giai doan bien nay.
trao dd'i nkng cao trinh dp ly lukn hdn he vdi thuc Sdu la, tang cubng phd'i hpp lknh dao, quan ly tidn. Xky dung co ehd', chi'nh sach ridng cho giang cdng tac dao tao, boi dubng can bd ngubi dan tpc thilu vign giang day va nghign cifu thuc t l dd'i vdi dd'i tupng si giiia Ban To ehue Trung uong, d c dia phuong, ban, la ngubi dkn tdc thid'u sd trdn dia ban khu vuc miln nganh va cac co sd dao tao, cd klhoacb phd'i hpp kilm Trung - Tky Nguygn tra dinh ky hoac dot xuk't nhim cd nhiing dilu chinh Bdn la, Hpc vidn Chfnh tri - Hanh chi'nh khu vuc va dinh hudng kip thbi, phii hpp vdi thuc tien nkng cao III trdn eo sd chifc nang, nhiem vu, dilu kien va tinh chat lupng dao tao, boi dubng can bd.
hinh cu tbl vl edng tac dao tao dpi ngii can bd la ngubi Bdy la, ngoai chl dp chinh sach hien nay dd'i vdi dkn tdc thid'u si, cd klhoacb kiln nghi, dl xuk't dd'i vdi d n bd dupe di hpc trong he thd'ng d c trubng chfnh tri.
Ban Tl chuc Trung uong, Hpc vidn Chinh tri - Hanh Trung uong vk Chfnh phu can cd chl dp chfnh sach chfnh Qud'c gia Ho Chf Minh cac vk'n dl hdn quan dd'n rigng cho dpi ngu can bd ngubi dan tdc thilu s i khu cdng tac dao tao d n bd ngubi dkn tdc thilu s i nhu chi vue miln Trung - Tky Nguydn.
KHUNG CHUONG TRINH MOI CUA Hfl DAO TAO CAO cAP LY
L U A N . . .Tidp theo trang 77
nghiem mdt thbi gian, nhuvky, theo chiing tdi ciing la vira du dl ed tbl tham db y kiln trdn nhilu khia canh cua khung chuong trinh mdi. Ndn ehkng, hpc vien d n to chiic mdt cudc diiu tra xd hdi hge ma dd'i tupng dilu tra la tokn bd d n bp, giang vidn, nghidn cuu vidn va hpc vidn trong toan be thd'ng vl khung chuong trinh mdi, bdi bon ai hg't, chi'nh dpi ngii d n bd giang day, nghidn ciiu nay (la nhiing ngubi true tilp "thi cdng" cdng trinh mdi cua su nghidp dko tao d n bd cua Dang) va hpc vidn - dd'i tupng thu hudng hay ciing cd tbl ndi dd la san phk'm dao tao, se la nhifng ngubi thau hilu cai dupe va chua dupe cua chuong trinh, dac biet, viec t l chiic mdt chuong trinh dao tao mdi rk't d n dd'n sir ding thukn cao eua cbi'nh dpi ngii can bd nghidn cuu va giang day d trong nhkn thiic lin tkm huylt nghi nghigp.
Thd ba, hien nay trong toan he thd'ng hpc vidn cd md mdt he dao tao cho dd'i tupng la can bd tre (dl tao nguon Iku dai). Dky la mdt hudng dao tao can bd nguon bd't sue diing din, song, vl npi dung chuong trinh dao tao eho he nay thi d n trao dd'i thdm, bdi dky la dpi ngu can bd tre, chua cd nhilu kinb nghidm xk hdi, nhk't la kinb nghidm lanh dao, quan ly. Yi vky, nlu cii sur dung npi dung chuong trinh dao tao cao ck'p ly lukn chfnh tri - banh chinh chung nhuhidn nay thi d vl dung lupng ndi dung dko tao va thbi gian dko tao la chua thich hop. Ndn chkng, ein cd mdt chuong trtnh cd tfnh chk't dki ban rieng, phii hpp.
Thd tu, dl cd dupe mdt he thing khung chuong trinh cd tfnh khoa bpc, co ban, he thd'ng, Hpe vidn Chinh tri - Hknh chfnh Qud'c gia Hi Chi Minh ndn md ra mdt diin dan rdng rki bon, thuc chk't hon, du dl tit d nhiing can bd giang day, nghidn ciiu tiong toan he thd'ng cd dilu kien trao dd'i, thao lukn vl td'ng thi toan bd he thing khung chuong trinh cua hpc vidn.
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