KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
So 0d/202D
Kiem soat thong tin van chuyen hang nguy hiem
• TS. N G U Y I N C A N H TOAN;ThS. NGUYEN NGOC HA;ThS. O O A N TH! THU H A Trudng Dgi hge Hang hdi Viet Nam
TOM TAT: Hang nguy hiem thong qua cang bien, cua khau hole thong qua san xuat dua vao luu thong phuc vu san xuat Do chinh sach mat hang nen hien dupe qu^n ly theo cac bd chuyen nganh, do dd viec kiem soat thong tin gap nhieu kho khan.
Bai bao nay ehung toi de xuat mo hinh nhSm kiem soat thong tin van chuyen hang nguy hiem.
T u KHOA: Hang nguy hiem, cang bien, an toan, ABSTRACT: Dangerous goods for manufacturing IS transported through different nodes such as seaports, border gates or domestic transportation This kind of commodities are managed by specialized ministries, so the control of information IS difficult. Hence, the study proposed a model to control information of dangerous goods KEYVYORDS: DG, Port, Safe
kip thdi thong tin (dudi dang dien tQ) ve du kien hing den kho, bai, eang (thong qua E-Manifest) eung nhu duac cie doanh nghiep c i n g bien, kho bai c i p nhit tinh hinh bien dgng eua h i n g hoa vao trong he thdng,
Nhuviy, vdi viee ehia se, kiem soat thdng tin ngay tai cang bien, cQa khau... se giup co quan q u i n ly nha nQdc hQu quan eo thong tin day du quan ly hang nguy hiem.
2. PHUONG PHAPTIEP CAN
Quy trinh quan ly rui ro dUoe sQ dyng lam nen t i n g trong b i i b i o n i y de l i m can cQ xay dung mo hinh kiem soit thdng tin van chuyen hang nguy hiem. BQdc dau tien eua quy trinh q u i n ly rui ro la xac dinh tat e i cac rui ro tiem an. BQdc tiep theo la d i n h g i i rui ro d i xie djnh delQa chon phu hop va cic bien phap kiem soit an t o i n hieu q u i dan den giam rui ro. Do do, xie djnh yeu td rCil ro va danh g i i l i eic thanh phan quan trong nhi't eua t o i n b p q u i trinh quan ly rui rode t U d o d e ra md hinh giam sat.
LDATVANDI
Van chuyen h i n g hda nguy hiem la mdt trong nhQng Itnh vUe phQe tap nhat eua van tai hang hda, doi hdi eie bien p h i p an t o i n nhat v i cd the i n h hUdng tieu cue den sQc khde con ngudi va moi trudng xung quanh.
Tai nan trong q u i trinh van chuyen h i n g hda nguy hiem thudng ed hau qua nghiem trgng: Chi phi kinh te x i hgi ciJa mdt tat nan tau ehd dau ed the cao gap doi so vdl van chuyen h i n g hoa "thong thudng" tai nan do van chuyen h i n g hda nguy hiem va thiet hai moi trUdng do viee niy. Tuy nhien, so vdi sU cd xay ra trong van chuyen hang hda ndi ehung, tai nan lien quan van chuyen h i n g hda nguy hiem la rat hiem; khoang 8 trong sd 1.000 vu tai nan lien quan den mot phUOng tien van chuyen hang hoa duoc p h i n loat l i tai nan lien quan den van ehuyen hing hda nguy hiem.
Trong ITnh vUc quan ly, g i i m s i t hang hda tai cang bien, Tdng cue Hat quan d i xay dQng, p h i t trien He thdng q u i n ly hat quan t u dgng (goi tat la he thdng VASSCM). He thdng VASSCM d i dugc trien khai ddng bp tQ e i n g den cac kho, bai, d i m b i o su g i n ket giQa eic k h i u nghiep vu trong viec g i i m s i t v i n ehuyen hang hda. He thdng VASSCM da eung cap day du, ehinh xic.
3. WlO HlNH G I A M SAT, CHIA SE THONG TIN VAN CHUYiN H A N G N G U Y H I I M
3.1.Xac dinh cac yeu toan toan vamd hinh tong quat Thiet lap cie yeu td de danh gia an t o i n de d i n h g i i q u i trinh van ehuyen hang nguy hiem la mgt tfnh nang quan trgng cua nghien cQu nay v i cung cap mdt nen tang eho nghien eUu tiep theo.
NhQ vay, khi Qng dung vtee chia se thong tin cija van chuyen h i n g nguy hiem tQ cang bien v i o not dia, hoic h i n g nguy hiem luu thong ndi dja tuan theo md hinh tdng q u i t nhQ sau:
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HS tnfing may ctiu trung fam
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Cang bienHinh 3.1: Mo hinh trao doi thdng tin van chuyen hang nguy hiem
137
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
So 04/2020
1. Oang nhip, khai b i o cic thdng tin theo yeu cau eua he thdng: thong tin h i n g hda, phQong thQc van ehuyen, phQong i n Qng cQu sQ ed„.
2. XQ ly v i truyen dan thong tin de co quan quan ly ehuyen trach kiem tra, g i i m sat,
3. ThQc hien viec n h i n h i n g hda tQ ngudl gQl h i n g / cong ty sin xuat.
4. Thong quan he thdng m i y chu trung t i m chia se thong tin eho cie ben cd lien quan theo chQe nang p h i n ehia.
5. Doanh nghiep logistics xac n h i n thong tin van chuyen/cac yeu eau van chuyen.
6. Cang (neu hang tQ eing bien} va co quan hQu quan kiem tra va p h i n hdi - xac thue lai cie thong tin da duoc thiet l i p ve he thdng.
7. Ngudl n h i n hang - mua h i n g tien tiep nhan cie thong tin c6 hen quan den 16 hang tU ngudl v i n ehuyen.
8. Tien h i n h giao hang cho ngudi nhin.
Trong q u i trinh hang van ehuyen tQeang bien hoie iQu thong not dia vdi thong tin dQge ehia se v i o he thdng may ehu, eie eo quan quan ly eo the giam sat thdng tin h i n g hda van ehuyen cung nhQcd cac phuong i n Qng eUusUed.
Ben eanh do, vdi he thdng giam sat h i n h trinh hien dang trang b\ va einh bao nguy hiem cho cac xe van chuyen h i n g nguy hiem nham:
- 0am b i o an t o i n va cinh b i o sdm cac mdi hiem nguy co the xay den cho t o i n bd hoat dgng v i n chuyen, giao n h i n h i n g nguy hiem;
- Giim sat vl tri, tdc do di ehuyen eua xe 6 to cung nhu trang thai - cic boat dgng tren xe, xung quanh xe trong sudt hinh trinh v i n ehuyen/giao nhin hang nguy hiem;
- Cho phep xem trang thii tQc thdi cQa tQng xe vin chuyen: vl tri, tinh trang hing nguy hiem, tinh trang eua xe,..;
- Cinh b i o , b i o ddng neu p h i t hien mdi nguy hiem ed the xiy den vdi hoat dong van ehuyen, gtao nhan hang nguy hiem tai trung tam va tai xe 6 td, ddng thdi truyen tin tQ trung t i m den thiet bi tiep nhan xQ ly thdng tin tren xe de ra lenh canh bao sdm eho lit xe, g i i m sit (vdi eie mdi nguy hiem duge du b i o sdm), Tuy mQe dp cua tQng mdi nguy hiem, he thdng se tQ ddng truyen tin den eae don vj chQc nang lien quan de phdt hgp hd trg xQ ly kip thdi;
- Cho phep p h i n tfeh v i l i p b i o eio ri't nhanh ve tinh trang boat dgng cua xe van ehuyen hang nguy hiem.
Co CO che phdi hgp cdng t i e vdt cic ca quan, don vi cd lien quan de tQng bUdc n i n g eao mQe do an toan cung nhQ giam sit tai eac khu vQe ket ndi cang vdi tinh i g qudc Id v i cae vung nUde eang bten, cic khu vUc hang h i i .
-Odi vdi doanh nghiep:
Can n h i n thQc dung dan va day du an toan cung nhu t i e dong nguy hai khi xay ra sai sdt trong q u i trinh van chuyen.
Chu dpng phdi hop vdi eae co quan, 6an vj co li^n quan tren dja b i n nham n i n g cao hieu qua cija cong t i e q u i n ly, g i i m sit eac phUong tien chuyen chd theo dung quy dinh.
Tai lieu tham khao
[1 ]. Lien hgp qudc {2009}, Van ehuyen hdng nguy hiem.
[2j. Western Australia, Dangerous Goods Sofefy (Storage and Handling of Non-explosives) Regulations 2007.
[3]. Human factor as main operational risk in DG transportion chain.
[4]. New ADR Guide for Business. H&SA.
[5], international Labour Office, 5ofe(y and/jeo/t/j in ports.
[6j. W/orld road association. Safety in tunnelse_
transport of DG through road
[7]. MoTand communications Finland, Transport of DGs in Finland.
[8]. Transport Canada (2017}, Transportation of DGs-A Primer
Ngay nhin bai: 20/01/2019 Ngay chap nhan dang: 15/02/2020 Ngudi phdn bien:T$. Nguyen Thi Thuy Hong
TS. Pham Thi Y^n
4 . K E T L U A N - K | £ N N G H ! - odi vdt CO quan q u i n ly n h i nUdc'
Van chuyen h i n g nguy hiem la qua trinh van ehuyen mang day nhQng tiem an p h i t sinh rui ro, vl viy Nha nQdc can ed ca che chinh sach hop ly tao dteu kien t h u i n (gi cho cac doanh nghiep ehu dgng dau t u p h i t trien ket ci'u ha t i n g , d i e biet ket eau ha t i n g d i m bao ATGT, dao tao ngudn nhan luc vQa dam b i o khai thae hieu qua eung nhQ dam b i o an t o i n trong q u i trinh khai thie.