Kit qua nghign cdu khoa hgc

Kit qua nghign cdu khoa hgc BVTV-So4/2012 THANH P H A N BQ DUOI KIM TREN RAU CAl B A P VA M p T S 6 D A C D I ^ M

SINH HOC CCiA BQ DUOI K I M CHAN KHOANG EUBORELLIA

ANNULIPES LUCAS TAI HA NOl VA HU'NG YEN

The Composition of Earwigs (Dermaptera) on Cabbage and Some Biological Characteristics of Ring-legged Earwig euborellia annulipes Lucas In Ha Noi and

Hung Yen Provinces

Biii Xufin Phong', Tryang Xufin Lam^ vfi Hfi Quang Hiing'

Abstract

The studies were conducted in Ha Noi and Hung Yen Provinces in order to investigate the species composition of Dermaptera on Cabbage. The survey recorded totally 4 species in Order Dermaptera. These are Ring-legged Earwig (Euborellia annulipes Lucas), Dark-brown Eanvig (Euborellia annulala Fabr.), Small black Earwig (Nala lividipes Dufour) and Stripes Eanwig (Labidura riparia Pallas). Earwig E. annulipes is the most popular species.

The life cycle of Ring-legged Eanvig E annulipes reared by catfood In incubator over three generations is from 71.33 to 74.90 days at 25°C ; and from 65.26 to 67,22 days at 30°C. At 25°C temperature more remarkable difference can be seen among three generations

Keywords: Dermaptera, Ring-legged Earwig Euborellia annulipes. Cabbage, Generation, Life cycle.

DAT

VAN

oe

Bo dudi kim bit mfli thufle bfl cfinh da (Dermaptera) dfi dygc nghign cdu, dng dyng d i phdng trd sfiu hgi tren nhilu loai cfiy trflng d nhilu nydc tren thl gidi nhy trfin cfiy tfio. Kiwi d Niu Dl- Ifin, tren cfiy lyu d Bi, trfin cfiy le d Ca na da... Bg dudi kim bfit moi cung dygc nhfin nudi vfi dng dung phdng chdng sfiu hgi ngd, mla khfi phfl biln d Thfii Lan, Phi lip pin. O Vigt Nam vigc sd dyng bg dufli kim bfit mfli phdng tni bg cfinh edng hgi dda dfi dygc fip dyng khfi rgng rfii. Nhdng nghifin edu, dng dyng bg dudi kim bit mfli phdng ehflng sfiu hgi mia, sfiu hgi rau hg hoa thfip ty, dgu dfl bydc diu diu cho kit quS khd quan

Bfii bfio nfiy cung cip mflt sfl dd ligu khoa hgc v l thfinh phin lofii bg dufli kim trfin ruflng rau cgi bip vfi mflt sfl dgc dilm sinh vgt hgc cua lofii bg dufli kim Eut>orellia annulipes (Lucas, 1847).

VAT Lieu VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHieN CCfU 1.Vgt lifu

- Rau cai bip

- Bg dudi kim Euboreliia annulipes Lucas 1. Tru'dng Dai hgc Ndng nghigp Hfi Nfi 2. Vifn Sinh thai vfi Tfii nguyen sinh vgt

- Dyng cy thu bit mfiu, hflp nhya, tu djnh dn Sanyo Incubator

- Cam mfio higu Whiskas (Cdng ty TNHH Mars Petscare Thfii Lan san xuit)

2. Phuvng phfip nghien cdu

Dieu tra thinh phan loii bt? dudi kim tai huy^n Ddng Anh, Gia Lim, Hi Ngi vi huyin Yin My. VSn Lim. Hung Yin.

- Phyang phfip dilu tra: Cfic lofii bg dudi kim

dygc tiln hfinh thu thgp theo phyang phfip diiu tra thu miu ty do vfi dgt biy hfl chdn dydi d i t Si>

dyng cfic Ig nhya cd dudng kinh 12cm, cao 15cm lfim bfiy, chdn Ig xuflng dit, migng Ig thap hon mgt ruflng 1cm vdi sfl lyg-ng 5 biy/njflng; biy dygc rai diu trfin mflng, tren mgt biy phu Ifi rau cai bip hogc tim bia cdng d i thu hiit bg dufli kim chui vfio i n nip vfi rai xuflng b§y. Tiln hfinh thu tit eg cfic lofii bg dufli kim sau khi dgt bfiy 2 ngfiy.

Djnh danh cfic lofii bg dufli kim theo tfii ligu ciia Esaki vfi Ishil (1952), Charles vfi Nonrian (2005), Hoffman (1987), Ta Huy Thjnh (2009) vfi sy giiip dd dinh logi cua Tien sT Fabian Haas (Ddc).

- Nghign cdu dgc dilm sinh vgt hgc lofii bg

dufli kim bfit mfli E annulipes tgi Phdng Cdn

triing hgc thyc nghigm thuflc Vign Sinh thfii vfi

Tfii nguygn sinh vgt (Hfi Ngi).

Kit qug nghien cdu khoa hgc B V T V - S o 4/2012

Nhan nuoi bo dudi kim E. annulipes trong tli djnh dn d d i l u kign nhigt dfl 25°C vfi 30°C lien tuc qua ba t h l hg: thu bg dudi kim tuoi ldn va trudng thfinh ngofii dflng rugng v l ghfip cgp cho de trdng, s d dyng bg dufli kim tufli 1 nufli t h l hg thd nhfit cho d i n khi bo dufli kim de trdng n d thfinh con tufli 1 lgi nuoi t i l p t h l hg thd 2, lfim tyo-ng t y d l nudi d t h l hfi t h d 3. Thdc fin Ifi Cfim meo hidu Whiskas. Mdi t h l hg nuoi 30 cfi the

- S d dyng C h y a n g trinh thflng ke sinh hgc trfin phan m i m Excel 2007 d l x d ly sfl ligu;

S y dyng p h y a n g phfip thflng ke so sanh Duncan gida cfic cflng thdc thl nghigm d dfl tin egy P = 0,05.

KET QUA NGHIEN cLfU vA THAO LUAN 1. Thanh phfin lofii b g dufli kim tren rau cdi b i p tai Ha Ngi va H y n g Y f n

Bang 1. Thanh phdn lo^i bg dudi kim thuflc bfl ciinh da (Dermaptera) tren rau cii bSp t^i Ha Nfi va Hu-ng Y£n (2008-2009)

STT 1 2 3 4

Ten Vift Nam Bo dudi kim chan khoang BQ duoi kim nau den Bo duoi kim den nho Bg duoi kim sgc

Ten khoa hpc Euborellia annulipes (Lucas, 1847) Euborellia annulata (Fabricius, 1793) Nala lividipes (Dufour, 1828) Labidura riparia (Pallas, 1773)

Ho Carcinophoridae Carcinophoridae LabidurJdae Labiduridae

MDPB +++

++

GhichO: MDPB: M&c do phd bien;

(-): rit it phd bidn; (+): it phd biin; (++): phd bidn; (+++): rit phd bidn.

K i t qua dieu tra trong 2 nam 2008 va 2009 thu du-oc 4 lofii thugc 2 hg: hg Carcinophondae (Syn.

Anisonabididae) thu dyoc 2 lofii Ifi bo dufli kim di§n khoang Eutmrellia annulipes (Lucas, 1847) va bo

dudi kim nfiu den Euborellia annulata (Fabricius, 1793); hg Labiduridae thu du-ac 2 lofii Ifi bg dudi kim den nhd Nala lividipes (Dufour, 1828) va lofii bg dufli kim soc Labidura riparia (Pallas, 1773) (hinh 1)

I

Hinh 1. Trudng thdnh Bg dudi kim (BDK) da thu t h | p dug-c BDK chfin khoang Euborellia annulipes Lucas (a); BDK nau den Euborellia annulata Fabr. (b)

BDK den nho Nala lividipes Dufour (c) vfi BDK SQC Labidura npana Pallas (d)

(Ngudn: Bui XuSn Phong, 2010) Loai bo dufli kim chfin khoang E. annulipes Ifi lofii

rfit phfl biln, ioai bg dufli kim nfiu den E. annulata ifi loai phfl bien, hai lofii loai bg dudi kim den Nala lividipes vfi loai bg dudi kim soc Labidura riparia lfi

nhdng lofii r i t it phfl b i l n nen rat it b i t gfip trong qua trinh d i l u tra. K i t qua d i l u tra cua chiing tdi phii hgp vdi k i t qua eiia cfic tac gia Cao Anh Dyang vfi Hfi Quang Hiing (1999), Neiswander (1944).

Ket qua nghign cdu khoa hgc

B V T V - S o 4/2012

2. A n h hu'dng eua vigc nhfin nufli lidn t y c qua ba t h l hg d i n t h d i g l a n phfit d ^ c cua b g d u d i kim chfin k h o a n g Euborellia annulipes

Bg dudi kim £ annulipes lfi lofii cfln triing b i i n thfii khflng hofin tofin, trgi qua 3 pha phfit dye: pha trdng, pha i u tning (cd 5 tufli) vfi pha trydng thfinh.

Bdng 2. Thdi gian p h i t di^c cdc pha ciia bg dudi kim E. annulipes t h i hg t h d n h i t nudi

& ciic mdc nhigt dd khdc nhau (HA Ngi, 2010) Pha phdt di.ic

TfLrnq Tuoi 1 TUOI 2 Tu6i3 Tu6i4 Tu6i5 V6nq 6in

TTCSi TTDu'C

Nhi«

NqN -DN (nq^v) 7 - 12 7 - 1 2 8 - 13 9 - 1 5 9 - 1 7 12-18 65-84 122-147

7 5 - 8 5

1 d» 250C Trunq binh (nqSv)

8,97 i 0,45 9,78 ± 0,58 10,59 ±0,50 11,44 ±0,56 12,78 ±0,75 14,94 ±0,52 74,90 ±2,15 132,90 ±3,84 79,75 ± 2,67

Nhi^l a» 300C NqN -DN (nqSy)

5 - 1 1 7 - 1 1 8 - 1 3 9 - 1 3 9 - 1 4 1 0 - 1 5 6 0 - 7 4 9 8 - 1 2 7 6 6 - 8 1

Trunq binh (nqSy) 7.93 ± 0,54 8.97 ± 0,63 9.30 ± 0,69 10.30 ±0,66 11,93 ±0,71 12,80 ±0,69 67,22 ±2,00 112,33 ±4.05 71,92 ±3.15 Thl nghiim tai Viin ST&TNSV, NgN ngin nhit, DN. dil nhit,

RH: 78,6%; n = 32; Ih&c Sn bSng cim mio.

Cf t h l hg thd nhat, nufli trong d i l u kign nhigt dd 25°C, vdng ddi, ddi cua bg dufli kim E.

annulipes dye vfi cfii cd thdi gian dfii han d nhigt do 30°C. D i l u kign nhigt dfl 25°C, vdng ddi cua bg dudi kim E. annulipes lfi 74,90±2,15 ngfiy, ddi

bg dudi kim d y e Ifi 79,75±2,67 ngfiy cdn ddi bg dudi kim cfii 132,90±3,84 ngfiy. Trong dieu kign nhigt dfl 30°C vdng ddi Ifi 67,22±2,00 ngfiy. ddi bg dudi kim d y e Ifi 71,92±3,15 ngfiy, cdn bo dufli kim cfii lfi 112,33±4,05 ngfiy.

Bang 3. Thdi gian phat dgc cdc pha ciia bg dudi kim E. annulipes th^ hg t h d hai nuoi a cac mdc nhigt dfl k h i c nhau ( H i Ngi, 2010)

Pha phat due Trung TUOI 1 TUOI 2 TUOI 3 Tuoi 4 Tudi 5 Vong d&i TTCdi TTDuc

Nhiet do 250C NgN -DN

(ngSy) 7-12 8-11 9-13 9-13 10-16 12-18 65-80 119-148

72-83

Trunq binh (ngdy) 8.21 ± 0,50 9.39 ± 0,40 10,11 ±0,46 10.79 ±0.51 12.71 ±0.53 14.50 ±0.66 72.06 ± 2.29 129,71 ±4.19 78.00 ± 2.75

Nhiet d« 300C NgN -DN

(ngSy) 5 - 1 1 7 - 1 0 7 - 1 1 7 - 1 3 1 0 - 1 5 10-17 4 3 - 7 5 8 8 - 1 3 1 6 4 - 8 0

Trung binh (nqSy) 7.66 ± 0.59 8.58 ± 0.30 9.16 ±0,34 10.19 ±0.54 12.10 ±0.59 12.94 ±0.60 65.26 ± 3.36 115.89 ±6,22 73,38 ± 3,20 GW chii: Thi nghi$m tai Vi$n STS.TNSV; NgN: ngin nhit: DN dii nhif,

RH: 78.6%: n = 28: thuc Sn bSng cAm meo.

i^y the h$ thiJ" hai, nu6i trong i3ieu lti§n nhi^t dp 25°C, v6ng dd'i cua bp du6i l<lm E. annulipes Id 72,06±2,29 ngay, Sifi bp dudi l<lrr dg'O 14 78,00±2,75 ngay c6n bp du6i kim c i i la

129,71±4.19 n g i y . Trong dieu ki$n nhi$t dO 30°C v6ng d6i IS 65,26±3,36 ngay, a&i bp du6i kim d v c s6ng la 73,38±3,20 n g i y c6n bp duSi kim c i i I4 115.89±6,22ngay.

Kit qua nghien cil'u khoa hpc BVTV-So 4/2012

Bang 4. Thcri gian phdt due cac pha cua bp duoi kim E. annulipes th4 he thu' ba

nu6l & cdc mu'C nhiet dp khac nhau (Hd N^i, 2010-2011)

Pha phat due Trunq Tuoi 1 TUOI 2 Tu6i3 Tuoi 4 Tuoi 5 Vonq doi TTCSi TTDyc

NhiSt ae 250C NgN -DN

(ngSy) 6-11 8-11 8-13 9-13 11-16 12-18 67-79 112-148

70-87

Trunq binh (nqdy) 6,03 ± 0,43 9,44 ±0,27 10,06 ±0,43 10,85 ±0,37 12,62 ±0,50 14,97 ±0,53 71,33 ±1,59 127,67 ±3,58 78,77 ± 2.83

NhiSI d6 300C NgN -DN

(ngay) 5-10 8-11 8-10 8-12 9-14 10-16 56-72 94-136 65-78

Trung binh (ngSv) 7,52 ± 0,58 9,10 ±0,38 9,32 ± 0.22 10,13 ±0,36 11,65 ± 0,49 12,74 ±0,66 65,79 ±1,93 115.21 ±6,04 72,00 ± 2,96 Ghi chO: Thl nghi$m fa/ Vl$n ST&TNSV; NgN- ngan nhit; DN: dii nhit;

RH. 78,6%; n = 34; thux; Sn bing cim m^o.

0 t h i hg thd ba, nudi trong d i l u kifin nhifit dg 25°C, vdng ddi cua bg dudi kim E. annulipes la 71,33 ± 1,59 ngay, ddi bg dudi kim dye sflng lfi 78,77 ± 2,83 ngfiy con bg dudi kim cfii Ifi 127,67

± 3,58 ngfiy. Trong d i l u kign nhifit do 30°C vdng ddi la 65,79 ± 1,93 ngfiy, ddi bg dudi kim du-c Ifi 72,00 ± 2,96 ngfiy cdn bg dufli kim cfii la 115,21

± 6,04 ngfiy.

Nhy vay, ea 3 t h l he nufli lien tuc, d d i l u kign nhiet dfl 25°C vdng ddi, ddi ciia bo dudi kim E.

annulipes due vfi cfii dfiu cd thai gian dfii han d dieu kien nhigt dd 30°C.

K i t qua x d iy thflng ke Anova cho thay thdi gian phat due cua eg pha i u triing bg dudi kim E.

annulipes gida 2 d i l u kign nhigt dfl 25°C vfi 30°C trong mdi t h i hg d i u cd s y sai khfic rd rgt. Thdi gian phfit dye eiia pha i u trQng bg dudi kim E.

annulipes qua 3 t h l hg d d i l u kifin 25°C cd s y sal khac d mdc y nghTa P = 0,05 nhu-ng d d i l u kien 30°C khflng khac nhau; Vdng ddi cua bg dufli kim E. annulipes qua 3 the hg khfic nhau d (Slu kign 25°C nhyng khflng khac nhau d d i l u kign 30°C.

K t T LUAN

Tren rugng rau cai b i p tai Ha Ndi (Dflng Anh, Gia Lam) vfi Hyng Ydn (Van Lfim, Ydn M'}) da thu d u g c bfln loai thuflc bfl bg dufli kim (Dermaptera) la bg dufli kim chfin khoang (Euborellia annulipes Lucas), bo duoi kim nau

den {Euborellia annulata Fabr), bg dufli kim den nhd {Nala lividipes Dufour) vfi bg dufli kim sgc (Labidura riparia Pallas). Lofii bo dudi kim E annulipes pho bifin nhat.

- Vdng ddi bg duoi kim E annulipes nudi b i n g cfim mdo trong tu d|nh 6n qua 3 t h l hg trong d i l u kidn 25°C t d 71,33 -74,90 ngfiy; trong d i l u kien nhidt dd 30°C t d 65,26 - 67,22 ngfiy.

Trong d i l u kign 25°C vdng ddi dfiu dfii han d d i l u kien SO^C, d dieu kign 25°C vdng ddi ed s y sai khac gida 3 the hg nhu-ng trong d i l u kifin 30''C khdng sai khfic.

T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O 1. Nguyin Thi Thu Ciic, Nguyin Xufin Niem vfi CTV, 2009. Bg dudi kim Chelisoches spp (Dermaptera: Chelisochidae) tren cay dda vfi t i l m nfing s d dung trong phdng trd sinh hgc, Sao cfio hdi thio Nhin nudi va s(> dung flp dudi kim iam tic nhan phong trif sinh hQc. Thanh phfl Vinh, Nghg An.

2. Cao Anh D y a n g vfi Hfi Quang Hiing, 1999. Dfic tinh sinh, sinh thfii hgc cua bo dufli kgp sgc. Tap chi Bio vd thwc v$t. 2 :16-20.

3 Nguyen Xufin Nigm, 2006. S d dyng bg dufli kim mau vfing Chelisoches variegatus (Dermaptera: Chelisochidae) tieu didt bo cfinh cdng hai dda (Brontispa longissima), http://wviw.khoahoe.net/baivo/-nguyenxuaniem

Kit qua nghign cdu khoa hpc BVTV-So 4/2012

/021106boduoiisim.htm, truy cgp ngfiy 30/8/2008.

4 Hoffman K.lvl., 1987. Earwigs (Dermaptera) of South Carolina, with a key to the Eastern North /\merican species and a checklist of the North /American fauna, Proc. Entomoi Soc. Vi/ash..

V o t . 8 9 . p p . M 4 .

5. Neiswander C R . , 1944. The Ring-legged earwig, Euboriela annulipes (Lucas)", Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station Bui, No.648,14pp.

6. Phgm Vfin L i m , 1999. K i t qug xfic djnh tfln khoa hgc ciia thifin djch thu d y g c trfin rau hg hoa thgp t y , Tgp chi Bio vi thwc v$t, 3:

27-29.

7. Charles A.T. and F J. Norman, 2005.

Order Dermaptera: Earwigs, Borror and Delong's Introduction to the study of Insect, 7"" Edition, Peter Marshall Publisher, USA, pp.234-238

8. Choate P.M., 2 0 0 1 . The order Dermaptera (Earwigs) in Florida and the United States (modified from Hoffman. 1987, http://entomoiogy .ifas.ufl.edu/choate/dermaptera.-pdf, truy cgp ngfiy 10/5/2009.

9. Ta Huy Thjnh, 2009. Danh lye cfic lofij thuflc bfl cfinh da (Insecta: Dermaptera) d Vigt Nam, Bio cio khoa hQC vd sinh thii vi tai nguyin sinh vit - Hdi nghi khoa hQC toin qudc lin thif 3, Hi Ndi ngiy 22/10/2009, NXB Ndng nghigp, Hfi Nfli, tr.342-369

10. Esaki Teiso and Ishii Tel, 1952.

Iconographia Insectorum Japoni-corum, Tokio Press, Japan.

NgSy nhin bii: 17. 5.2012 Phfin bign: TS. Oinh Vfin Oii-c

DAC B\tU SINH HOC CUA REP SAP M^M NAU COCCUS HESPERIDUM L.

(HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE) GAY H^l TREN CA PHE CHE 6* SOU LA Biological Characteristics of Brown Soft Scale, Coccus hesperidum L.

(Homoptera: Coccidae), an Important Pest of Arabica Coffee in Son La Province

Sa Thl Phyang', VQ Quang Gigng^

A b s t r a c t

The brown soft scale. Coccus hesperidum L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) is an economically important insect pesl of Arabica coffee in Son La province. The biological characteristics of brown soft scale was investigated under laboratory conditions at Agricultural Department of Tay Bac University during 2009 - 2010. The life cycle of brown soft scale. Coccus hesperidum on coffee seedlings was 69.04 days at 25''C, 85% RH and 50.72 days at SO^C, 85% RH. Females can reproduce without mating. The bnawn soft scale has high fecundity. When reared on coffee, each female of brown soft scale Coccus hesperidum can lay 72 - 325 eggs and with high hatching rate (71.0% - 93.5%). Eggs hatched in 3 - 7 days after laid and the highest hatching rate was on the fourth day (43.39%).

The estimated threshold temperature for development was I L i e ^ C . The total effective temperature for completing a life cycle of Coccus hesperidum was 955.56°C. There were 3,72 generations per year.

Keywords: Brown soft scale. Coccus hesperidum L., coffee seedlings, Tay Bac University, the estimated threshold temperature for development, total of effective operating temperature.

DAT V A N D ^

Cfi phfi ehd Coffea arabica Ifi cfiy cflng nghigp

1. Tru'dng Cao DSng San La 2. Tru-dna Dai hoc Jiv B i c

chu lyc ciia tinh S a n La. D i n nfim 2009, dign tieh efi phfi chfi dgt 3.625 ha, san lygng dgt 4.456 t i n eg phfi nhfin (Cue Thflng kg San La, 2010). Mflt trong nhdng t r d ngai trong vigc san xuat cfi phg Ifi cfic lofii sfiu hai. Trong nhdng loai sfiu hai dfl, rgp sfip m i m nfiu Coccus