VIEN C H A N N U O I - Tgp chi Khoa hpc Cdng ngh? Chdn nudi - S6 20 -T hang 10-2009
ANH HUdNG CUA VIEC BO SUNG PROPIOTIC VAO THlTC AN VA N U 6 C UONG DEN SINH TRUdNG VA HIEU QUA S\^ DyNG T H U C AN CUA GA THIT
Tran Quoc Vift, Ninh Thi Len, Le Vdn Huyen, Bui Thf Thu Huyin vd Nguyin Thf Hdng Bp mon Dinh du&ng Thirc dn chdn nudi vd Dong cd
*Tac gia lien hf : Trdn Quoc Vi?t - Bp mdn Dinh dudng Thiic dn chdn nudi vd Ddng cd Vifn Chdn Nudi - Tir Liem - Ha npi - Vift nam
Tel: (04) 38.386.126 / 0982.011.584; Fax: (04) 38.389.775; Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Effects of supplementation of probiotics into diet and drinking water on growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chiclcen
*Corresponding author: Tran Quoc Viet - Department of Animal Nutrition, Feeding and Forage NIAS - Tu Liem - Hanoi - Vietnam Six hundred one day old Ross 308 chicken and four kinds of probiotic [(two in liquid forms: PBLl; PBL2 and two powder form: PBBl and PBB2) were used for investigation of efficiency of utilization of probiotic in broiler chicken. There were two probiotic sfrains in the PBLl and PBBl (Bacillus subtilis- H4; Saccharomyces boulardi -SB) and five sfrains in the PBL2 and PBB2 (Bacillus subtilis- H4; Saccharomyces boulardi -SB; Enterococcus faecium-6H2; Pediococcus pentosaceus-D7; Lactobacillus fermentum- NCI). Concenfration of probiotic flora in the PBLl and PBL2 was from 10* to lO' cfu/ml and in the PBBl and PBB2: lO' to 10* cfri/g, respectively.
Chicken were divided into 6 groups according to the randomly completely design with 4 replicates for each (25 chicken/replicate and 100 chicken/group). Chickens in group 1 (negative group) and 2 (positive group) were given basal diet without and with antibiotic (100 ppm cholotetracyclin). Chicken in group 3, 4 were drunk fresh water supplemented PBLl, PBL2 (2 ml/liter). Chickens in the group 5 and 6 were fed basal diet with PBBl and PBB2 (2g/kg), respectively. Results showed that growth rate and feed efficiency of chicken in positive, PBL2 and PBB2 were improved. Growth performance of chickens in the PBL2 and PBB2 group was higher from 5,82- 7,97%; feed conversion ratio was 4,76 -6,67% higher compared to negative groups.
Key words: Broiler chicken, probiotic, antibiotics, growth performance, feed efficiency.
DAT VAN DE . ,,
Trong chan nu6i gia cam, nhiing benh duong tieu hoa lien quan den cae vi sinh vat (VSV) co hai la mpt trong nhiing nguyen nhan eo ban lam giam nang suat, hieu qua chan nu6i va nhiem mam benh nguy hai eho siic khoe eua eon nguod (Patterson va cs, 2003). Trong nira cuoi the ky 20, khang sinh lieu thap dupc sir dung rat ph6 bien de b6 sung vao thiic an nhu nhan tl kim ham sir phat trien cua cac VSV co hai trong duong tieu hoa, giam nguy co mac benh va lam tang nang suat chan nu6i (Dibner va cs, 2005). Tuy nhien, do siic ep cua viec cim sir dung khang sinh nhu chat kich thich sinh truong nen 6 nhieu nuoc tren the gioi, viec nghien cuu va sir dung nhimg chat b6 sung thay the dang la mpt doi hoi cap bach (Cromwell, 2002).
Mpt trong s6 eae chat b6 sung dupc quan tam nghien ciiu va sir dung nhieu la probiotic.
Probiotic la chat bo sung VSV song eo tac dung tang cuong siic khoe vat chu th6ng qua viec cai thien sir can bang cua he VSV rupt (Fuller, 1989). Trong mpt vai nam tro lai day, nhilu nghien ciiu da chiing minh rang sir co mat, sinh s6i va phat trien cua nhiing vi sinh vat probiotic trong duong tieu hoa cua gia cam th6ng qua con duong thiic an va nuoc u6ng da lam tang cuong kha nang mien dich, cai thien hieu qua tieu hoa va hap thu cac chat dinh duong 6 ga. Edens va cs, (1997) da th6ng bao ring, bl sung probiotic {Lactobacillus reuteri) vao thiic an da lam tang chieu cao cua 16ng nhung rupt nho do cai thien kha nang hap thu cac chat dinh duong, tang nang suit sinh truong va hieu qua thiic an 6 ga broiler. Watkins va Kratzer (1984); Jin va cs, (1998a,b, 2000); Zulkifli va cs (2000) da cho thiy, su hien dien cua vi khuan probiotic {Lactobacillus) trong duong tieu hoa da lam giam s6 vi khuan gay benh th6ng qua canh tranh vi tri bam dinh tren niem mac rupt, nho do lam giam ty le nhilm benh va
TRAN QUOC VIET- Anh hudng cua bd sung probiotic vdo thirc dn ... , .,
ty le chit 6 ga. Rit nhieu cong trinh nghien ciiu khac (Hooper va cs, 2001; Stappenbeck va cs, 2002; Rawls va cs, 2004) ciing cho thay nhirng dap ung rat tich cue ciia gia cim doi voi viec b6 sung probiotic trong thiic an. O nuoc ta, nhung nghien ciiu sir dung probiotic trong chan nuoi gia cim con rit han chi. Le Thanh Binh va cs, (1999) da th6ng bao, bl sung che pham PR099 (gIm hai chung vi khuan Lactic) vao khau phin an ciia ga thit da lam tang s6 lupng vi khuan lactic, giam E. Coli trong chat chiia duong rupt va tang tie dp sinh truofng 6 ga. Tran Qu6c Viet va cs, (2008) ciing cho thay, khi bl sung chi phim probiotic da chiing dang bpt vao thiic an da lam tang ty le tieu hoa thiic an va t6c dp sinh truong 6 ga Luong Phupng nu6i thit. Nghien ciiu nay dupc tien hanh nham danh gia hieu qua cua viec bl sung cae che pham probiotic dang bpt va dang long vao thirc an va nuoc u6ng trong nu6i duong ga thit.
VAT LIEU VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU Vat lieu nghien cihi r i ,;
B6n che pham probiotic da chiing, g6m 2 che pham dang 16ng (PBLl, PBL2) va 2 chi phim dang bpt (PBBl va PBB2) dupc sir dung cho thi nghiem nay. Mat dp cac chiing vi sinh vat (VSV) him ich dat 10* - 10^ cfu/ml d6i vod cac che pham dang long va 10^ - 10* cfli/g dii vod cae ehe pham dang bpt (Bang 1).
Bang 1.
Cac chim
Cac loai vi sinh vat hiiu ich trong g vi sinh vat probiotic
cac 0
che pham Che dang PBLl
Probiotic pham 5 long
PBL2
dung trong thi nghiem.
Che pham dang bpt
PBBl PBB2 Bacillus subtilis (H4)
Saccharomyces boulardi (SB) Enterococcus faecium (6H2) Pediococcus pentosaceus (D7) Lactobacillus fermentum (NCI)
J:.O +
t!,;.
-I-
+ + +
+ +
+
-\- -\-
+ Sau tram (600) ga Ross 308 1 ngay tu6i da dupc sir dung. Ga dupc nu6i trong thod gian 49 ngay, trong chu6ng nen xi mang co chat dpn chu6ng, th6ng thoang tu nhien. Khau phan co so cho ga thi nghiem dupc ph6i che tir cac nguyen lieu: ng6, kh6 dau dau tuong, bpt thit xuong, dau thue vat, premix vitamin-khoang va cac axit amin t6ng hpp. .
Phuong phap bo tri thi nghiem
Ga thi nghiem dupc phan ngau nhien vao 6 16 theo the thiic ngau nhien hoan toan, m6i 16 100 con dupc nu6i trong 4 6 chu6ng (25 con/6) (d6ng deu tinh biet), m6i 6 la mpt lin lap lai. Ga 6 cac 16 1 (d6i chiing tieu cue) va 2 (d6i chiing tich cue) dupc an khau phan co so (dupc ph6i hpp dam bao cac chi tieu ve gia tri dinh duong theo khuyen cao cua hang Avian cho ga Ross 308 (David Creswell, 2005) co b6 sung ehlotetraeycline vod lieu 100 ppm va kh6ng b6 sung khang sinh tuong img. Ga 6 16 3 dupc an khau phan co so kh6ng bl sung khang sinh va probiotic nhung dupc u6ng nuoc co b6 sung che pham probiotic dang long PBLl voi lilu 2 ml/lit. Tuong tyr, ga 6 16 4 dupc an khau phan co so tuong tu nhu 16 3 va dupc uing nuoc co bl sung chi phim probiotic dang long PBL2 voi lilu 2 ml/lit. Ga 6 cac 16 5 va 6 dupc an khiu phin CO so co bl sung Probiotic dang bpt (PBBl va PBB2 tuong ling) voi lilu 2000g/tin.
Thiic an cho ga dupc san xuit duoi dang bpt. Ga 6 tit ca cac 16 dupc an thiic an va uIng nuoc tu do. Che dp cham soc nu6i duong va ve sinh, phong benh dii voi ga 6 cac 16 la nhu nhau.
VIEN C H A N NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Chan nudi - So 20 -T hang 10-2009
Bang 2. Khau phan co so.
Chi tieu Ngo
Kh6 dau dau tuong Bpt thit xuong Dau thue vat
Premix vitamin - khoang . Choline chloride 60%
L-Lysine HCl DL-Methionine L-Threonine Mu6i an
Natribicarbonate Bpt da
Dicanxi ph6t phat T6ng
1-21 ng.t 57,99 35,35 3,00 0,63 0,25 0,094
0,15 0,23 0,033
0,12 0,43 . 0,51 . ,
1,22 100,000
Giai doan sinh truong 22-35 ng.t
64,76 26,40 5,00 2,23 0,25 0,019
0,19 vx i .^ 0,27
0,07 0,11 0,27 0,20 0,24 100,000
> 35 ng.t 71,35 21,26 5,00 1,12 0,25 0,041
0,16 0,20 0,026 0,099 0,27 0,14 0,087 100,000 Thdnh phdn dinh dudng
Vat chat kh6 (%)
Nang lupng trao d6i (kcal/kg) Protein tho (%)
Xoth6 (%) Lysine (%)
Methionine + Cystine (%) Canxi (%)
Phit pho dl hip thu (%) Cac chi tieu then dni
88,21 2900 22,50 4,34
1,32 0,92 0,88 0,44
87,98 3100 20,00 4,10
1,17 0,89 0,72 0,36
87,62 3100 18,00 4,04 1,02 0,77 0,65 0,33
Thiic an cho vao va thiic an thira dupc can va ghi chep hang ngay de tinh lupng thirc an an vao va tieu t6n thiic an tren 1 kg tang trpng.
Ga 6 eac 16 dupc can vao cac thod diem liic bat dau (1 ngay tu6i) va m6i khi chuyen giai doan de khao sat t6e dp sinh trudng.
Khi dupc 21 ngay tu6i, ga 6 cac 16 dupe an thiic an trpn chat chi thi (Cr203) lieu 0,3% trong 12 ngay (7 ngay nu6i thich nghi va 5 ngay thu mau) de khao sat ty le tieu hoa t6ng so vat chat kh6, chat hiiu co, protein th6, xo th6.
Sau 35 ngay an thiic an thi nghiem, m6i 6 chpn 2 ga khoe manh (mpt tr6ng, mpt mai), co kh6i lupng trung binh cua 6 de lay mau phan tuoi 6 true trang de khao sat co cau quan the vi sinh vat duong rupt th6ng qua mpt s6 ehi tieu: T6ng s6 vi khuan hieu khi (VKHK), t6ng s6 vi khuan yem khi (VKYK), t6ng vi khuan Lactic va chi s6 coliform.
Tinh trang siic khoe ciia ciia dan ga dupe theo doi hang ngay. Nhiing con 6m, chet, khoi lupng eo thi liic chit, nguyen nhan Im, chit dupc theo doi va ghi chep hang ngay de tinh toan ty le nu6i s6ng.
Xir ly so lieu
Cac sl lieu thi nghiem dupc xir ly thing ke ANOVA-GLM bing phan mem Minitab phien ban 13.0. Cae kit qua thi nghiem trinh bay trong eac bang sl lieu la gia tri trung binh ± sai sl
T R A N QUOC VIET- Anh hudng cua bd sung probiotic vdo thue dn ...
chuin (SE). Student - T-Test dupc sir dung dl so sanh cac gia tri trung binh vol dp tin cay 95%. Cac gia tri TB dupe coi la khac nhau co y nghia thong ke khi gia tri P<0,05.
KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
Anh hu-ong cua viec bo sung cac che pham probiotic vao thirc an va nuo'c uong den ty If tieu h6a thvc an d ga.
Hien co nhieu c6ng trinh nghien ciiu khang dinh vai tro cua cac vi sinh vat probiotic trong viec cai thien ty le tieu hoa thiic an 6 ga broiler, nhung co che nao cho viec cai thien nay thi con CO nhieu y kien kh6ng th6ng nhat. Theo Edens va cs, (1997), vi khuan probiotic khi dupc b6 sung vao thiic an da lam tang chieu cao ciia long nhung rupt a ga, nho do lam tang ty le tieu hoa va hap thu cac chat dinh duong cua thiic an. Mpt s6 tac gia khac lai cho ring cac vi sinh vat probiotic khi hien dien trong duong tieu hoa da lam tang hoat tinh ciia mpt sl enzyme npi sinh nhu amylase (Duke, 1977; Sissons, 1989; Jin va cs, 2000) carbohydrase (Collington va cs; 1990) 6 vat nu6i. Trong nghien ciiu nay, ty le tieu hoa mpt sl chit dinh duong chinh cua khau phan 6 ga thi nghiem dupc trinh bay 6 Bang 3.
Bang 3. Anh huong eua viec b6 sung cac che pham Probiotic trong khau phan den ty le tieu hoa thure an 6 ga (%).
Chi tieu
Vat chat kho Chat hiiu CO Protein tho Xotho
L6 1 DCT(-
) 73.2 73.9 74.5 52.2^
L6 2 DC
(+) 75.1 76.2 77.0
se.i*-
L6 thi nghiem L6 3 Lo 4 (PBLl) (PBL2)
74.5 72.7 75.7 74.1 74.6 74.2 52.7^' 54.3^'
L6 5 (PBBl)
72.8 73.9 74.3 54.1^"
L6 6 (PBB2)
75.1 76.1 75.3 55.4^"
SE
1.06 1.10 0.74 0.78
P
0.380 0.411 0.124 0.017 Ghi chii: Cdc sd trong cung mdt hdng cd cdc cha cdi khdc nhau thi khdc nhau cd y nghia thdng ke.
Ty le tieu hoa xo th6 khau phan cua ga 6 cae 16 dupc an khau phan co b6 sung khang sinh va probiotic dang bpt (PBB2) cao hon so voi d6i chiing tieu cue tir 6,1% den 7,5%. Tuy nhien, do ty le xo th6 trong khau phan eo so khong cao (tir 4,04 din 4,3%)) (Bang 2) nen anh huomg eiia viec cai thien nay d6i vod sinh truong va chuyen hoa thiic an 6 ga co the ciing han che.
Anh huong cua viec bo sung cac che pham probiotic vao thvc an va nuo^c uong den toe d9 sinh truotig va hieu qua su* dung thue an o* ga thit.
Anh huong cua viec b6 sung cac che pham probiotic den sinh truong va hieu qua sii dung thiic an cua ga thit dupc trinh bay 6 cac Bang 4 va 5.
Bang 4 cho thay, t6c dp sinh truorng dupc cai thien ro ret 6 cae 16 ga dupc an khau phan c6 bl sung chlotetracyclin (16 2) va probiotic da chimg dang bpt (PPB2) (16 6). So voi dii chiing, kh6i lupng co thi eua ga liic 49 ngay tuli 6 hai 16 nay la 2509g va 2500 g tuong ling, cao hon so voi 16 dii chiing tieu cue 7,85% (P = 0,001). Ga 6 16 4 dupc uIng nuoc eo bo sung probiotic da chiing dang long co khIi lupng co thi thip hon so voi 16 2 va 16 6 nhung ciing cao hori 16 1^ 5,6% va sai khac nay co y nghTa thing ke (P = 0,001). Tuong ling voi su vupt troi ve khIi lupng co thi liic 49 ngay tuli, tic dp sinh truong tuyet dii (g/con/ngay) cua ga 6 cac 16 dupc bl sung chlotetracyclin va probiotic da chung (gIm 5 loai vi sinh vat him ich) vao thiic an va nuoc uIng luon cao hon rit ro ret (P =0,001) so voi 16 dii chiing tieu cue.
VIEN C H A N N U O I - Tgp chi Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Chdn nudi - So 20 -T hang 10-2009
Bang 4. Anh huong cua viec b l sung cac che pham Probiotic vao khau phin den sinh truong cua ga thit.
Liic 21 ngay Liic 35 ngay Liic 42 ngay Liic 49 ngay
GD tir 1-21 ng GD tir 21-35 ng GDtu 35-42 ng GD tir 42-49 ng GD tir 0-49 ng
L61 DC(-)
461' 1155' 1824' 2318'
20' 50' 96' 7 1 ' 46.4''
L 6 2 DC +
Lothi L 6 3 (PBLl) KhIi lupng 1 543"
1261"
1967"
2509"
T6c c 24"
51"
lOl"
77"
50.3'
461' 1134' 1831' 2352'
nghiem L 6 4 (PBL2)
L 6 5 (PBBl) CO the (g/con)
502"' 1208' 1928"
2448'
478'"
1158' 1861' 2365' 16 sinh truong (g/con/ngay)
20' 48' 100'"
74'"
4 7 . r
22"
51"
103"
74'"
49.1"
21'"
49'"
101'"
72'"
47.4'
L 6 6 (PBB2)
525'"
1234"' 1950"
2500"
23"
51"
102"
79' 50.1"
SE
6.93 10.2 13.8 12.4
0.33 0.35 1.07 1.40 0.37
P
0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
GD: Giai dogn; Cdc sd trong ciing mdt hdng cd cdc chu cdi khdc nhau thi khdc nhau cd y nghia thdng ke.
Tang trpng ngay tinh binh quan trong ea giai doan thi nghiem (0-49 ngay tu6i) cua ga 6 cac 16 2, 16 4 va 16 6 la 50,3; 49,1 va 50,1 g/con/ngay cao hon so voi 16 1 lin lupt: 8,4%; 5,8% ya 8,0% tuong img. Cac kit qua tren cho thay, b6 sung chlotetracyclin vao khau phan voi lieu 100 ppm da cai thien dupe tic dp sinh truong cua ga thit. Ket qua tuong tu nhu vay, 6 kha nhieu cac nghien ciiu lien quan den viec b6 sung khang sinh lieu thap trong thiic an cho ga broiler (Dibner va cs, 2005). Trong thi nghiem nay, t6c dp sinh truong cua ga 6 16 dupe an khau phan co b6 sung khang sinh (chlotetracyclin) chi dupc dimg de danh gia miic dp cai thien nang suat sinh truong cua eae 16 ga 6 cac 16 dupc b6 sung probiotic.
Bang 5. Anh huong cua viec b6 sung eae che pham Probiotic vao khau phan den hieu qua sir dung thiic an cua ga thit , .'
L6 1 D C -
L6 2 DC +
L6thi L6 3 (PBLl)
nghiem L6 4 (PBL2)
L6 5 (PBBl)
L6 6 (PBB2)
SE P
Lupng thiic an an vao (g/con/ngay) GDO-21 ng.t
GD 2 1 - 3 5 ng.t GD 35 - 42 ng.t GD 42 - 49 ng.t GD 0-49 ng.t GDO-21 ng.t GD21 -35 ng.t GD 35 - 42 ng.t GD 42 - 49 ng.t GD 0-49 ng.t
36.r"
95.6 216 167 97 1.82 1.92'"
2.26' 2.37 2.10'
36.7'"
94.3 217 160 96
35.3'"
97.4 214 162 97 Tieu t6n thiic an
1.54 1.83' 2.14'"
2.08 1.92"
1.78 2.02"
2.15'"
2.19 2.06'"
36.4'"
92.5 213 179 98 (kg/kg tan
1.66 1.83^
2.07"
2.40 2.00'"
34.7' 93.5 211 176 97 g trpng)
1.69 1.91'"
2.10'"
2.44 2.04'"
36.9"
94.0 215
173 98 1.61 1.84' 2.11'"
2.21 1.96'"
0.48 1.89 4.14 10.00
1.56 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.04
0.036 0.715 0.923 0.711 0.961 0.005 0.019 0.011 0.302 0.021
GD: Giai dogn; Cdc sd trong ciing mpt hdng cd cdc chu cdi khdc nhau thi khdc nhau cd y nghia thdng ke.
TRAN QUOC VIET- Anh hudng cua bd sung probiotic vdo thirc dn ...
Nhu da trinh bay 6 tren, hieu qua cai thien nang suit sinh truorng cua cac che pham PBL2 va PBB2 la rit ro ret, tuong tu nhu hieu qua kich thich sinh trudng cua khang sinh. Ket qua nay tuong tu nhu cac nghien ciru tren ga broiler cua cac tac gia: Owings va cs, (1990), Cavazzoni va cs, (i998), Jin va cs (1998 a,b), Zulkifli va cs, (2000), Kalavathy va cs, (2003), Kabir va cs, (2004), Gil De Los Santos va cs, (2005), Trin Quic Viet va cs, (2008).
Bang 4 eho thiy, so sanh giira hai chi phim trong ciing mpt dang san pham (long va dac), che pham g6m 5 chimg vi sinh vat him ich t6 ra co hieu qua hon so voi che pham co 2 chimg. Toe dp sinh truong tinh binh quan ca giai doan thi nghiem (0-49 ngay tu6i) cua ga 6 16 dupc an khiu phin co bl sung chi phim PBL2 cao hon 4,2% (P>0,05) so voi 16 dupc an khiu phin co bo sung chi phim PBLl. Tuong tu, tic dp sinh truomg cua ga 6 16 6 cao hon so voi 16 5 la 5,7% (P>0,05). Dilu do cho thiy, mac du trong cac chi phim PBL2 va PBB2 diu co cac chimg Bacillus subtilis (H4) va Saccharomyces boulardi (SB) nhu cac che phim PBLl va PBBl, nhung hieu qua cai thien tic dp sinh trudng cua ga 6 cac chi phim PBL2 va PBB2 cao hon. Dilu do ciing co nghia la hieu qua kich thich sinh trudng phu thupc vao miic dp da chiing cua cac che pham probiotic.
Nhiing kit qua tuong tu nhu vay ciing da dupc Timmerman va cs, (2004) chiing minh khi so sanh hieu qua cua cac che pham probiotic don va da chimg tren ga broiler. Khi so sanh hieu qua ciia hai dang che pham long va dac, chiing t6i thay, d6i vdi ga nu6i thit, co the dimg cac san pham probiotic d dang long bl sung vao nudc uIng va dang bpt b6 sung vao thiic an deu cd hieu qua tuong tu. Trong chan nu6i ga thit c6ng nghiep, ga dupc uong nudc tu do nhd cac thiet bi chuyen dung (binh hoac mim uIng tu dpn^), su lang phi nudc khdng dang ke nen nhieu nudc tren the gidi ciing san xuat cae che pham probiotic dang long de pha vao nudc udng cho ga. Tuy nhien, cac ket qua nghien cihi ciing kh6ng th6ng nhat ve hieu qua ciia cac phuong phap sir dung. Timmerman va cs, (2006) su dung che pham probiotic g6m 7 chiing vi khuan lactic b6 sung vao nudc udng da lam tang t6c dp sinh trudng, hieu qua chuyen hda thiic an va giam ty le chet d ga thit. Mpt s6 tac gia khac lai cd ket luan, bd sung probiotic vao nudc udng cho ga cd hieu qua thap hon so vdi bd sung vao thiic an (Yeo va Kim, 1997; Jin va cs, 1998b, 2000; Abdulrahim va cs, 1999; Zulkifli va cs, 2000; Kalavathy va cs, 2003).
Lupng thiic an an vao hang ngay trong giai doan ga con (0-3 tuan tudi) cd sir khac biet kha ro ret giiia cac Id. Ga d cac Id dupc bd sung khang sinh (16 2) va che pham probiotic PBL2 (16 4) va PBB2 (16 6) tieu thu nhilu thiic an hon so vdi cac 16 khac. CJ cac giai doan sau, kh6ng thiy cd sir khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke ve lupng thiic an an vao giiia cac 16.
Tieu t6n thiic an/kg tang trpng tinh chung cho ca giai doan thi nghiem (0-49 ngay tu6i) thap nhat thay d cac Id dupe bd sung chlotetracyclin va ehe pham probiotic PBB2 (1,92 kg va 1,96 kg) va sai khac so vdi cac 16 khac cd y nghia thdng ke ( P = 0,021).
Anh hirong cua vifc bo sung cac che pham probiotic vao thirc an va nvdc uong den mgt so chi tieu vi sinh vat dvong rugt v^ ty If nuoi song o^ g^ thjt.
Kieu tac dpng cua probiotic rit phiic tap, nhung nhd sir hien dien cua cac vi sinh vat probiotic ma sir can bang cua he vi sinh vat rupt dupe cai thien theo hudng cd Ipi cho vat chu thi da dupc rat nhieu tac gia dl cap (Fuller, 1989; Jin va cs, 1998a; Endens, 2003). Cd hai co chi co ban ma eac vi sinh vat probiotic tac dpng din he vi sinh vat ruoi: (i) eanh tranh vi tri bam dinh tren niem mac rupt vdi vi sinh vat ed hai va (ii) tang cudng dap ling miin dich cua he mien dich rupt (Yang va Choct, 2009). Trong nghien ciru nay chiing tdi khao sat co cau cua he vi sinh vat rupt dudi tac dpng cua viec bl sung probiotic th6ng qua cac chi tieu: ting sl vi khuin
VIEN C H A N N U O I - Tgp chi Khoa hpc Cdng ngh? Chdn nudi - s6 20 -T hang 10-2009
hilu khi, ton^ so vi khuin yem khi, ting sl vi khuan Lactic va chi sl Coliform. Cac kit qua dupc trinh bay d Bang 6.
Bang 6. Anh hudng cua viec bl sung cac chi phim Probiotic vao khiu phin din sir biln dpng quan the vi sinh vat rupt va ty le nu6i s6ng d ga thit.
Chi tieu
Ty le nudi sdng T6ng VKHK T6ng VKYK Lactobacilli Coliform
L6 1 DC-
87.3 8.93 7.91 6.11' 6.16'
Mat d6 cac loai vi: sinh vat (log 10 cfu/g) trong phan cua ga d cac 16 thi nghiem
L62 DC +
94.4 8.14 7.62 7.38"
4.90"
L63 (PBLl)
89.8 9.08 7.86 6.32"
6.12'
L6 4 (PBL2)
90.7 8.25 8.16 6.93'"
5.51'"
L65 (PBBl)
89.9 8.61 7.96 6.33"
6.13'
L6 6 (PBB2)
92.7 8.27 7.96 7.19"'
5.01"
SE
5.62 0.52 0.43 0.22 0.23
P
0.538 0.733 0.973 0.001 0.001
Cdc sd trong ciing mdt hdng cd cdc cha cdi khdc nhau thi khdc nhau cd y nghia thdng ke.
Bang 6 cho thiy, kh6ng cd su khac biet ve sd lupng VKHK va VKYK trong phan true trang cua ga giiia cac Id thi nghiem (P>0,05), ket qua nay ciing tuong tu nhu ket qua cua Jin va cs (1998). Nhung sd lupng lupng vi khuan Lactic (Lactobacilli) tinh bang loglO cfu/g trong phan true trang ciia ga d cac Id 2; 4 va 6 cao hon dang ke so vdi Id 1 (P = 0,001). Tuong ling vdi mat dp Lactobacilli, chi sd Coliform d cac Id nay ciing thap hon dang ke so vdi 16 d6i chiing tieu cue (P = 0,001). Dieu dd cho thay, viec bd sung khang sinh lieu thap da cai thien dupc quan he can bang khu he vi khuan dudng rupt theo hudng tang Lactobacilli va giam E. Coli. Viec bd sung cac che pham probiotic PBL2 va PBB2 Cling cho nhirng dap ling tuong tu. Khac vdi ket qua nghien ciiu cua Timmerman va cs, (2006), khi bd sung che pham probiotic da chung dang long vao nudc udng cho ga thit da lam giam ty le chet so vdi ddi chiing. Trong nghien ciiu nay, ty le nudi sdng ga d cac 16 kh6ng cd sir sai khac ro ret, mac dii ty le nudi sdng kha cao d cac Id dupc bd sung che pham probiotic PBB2 (Id 6) va ehlotetraeycline (Id 2), nhung miic dp sai khac so vdi cac 16 khac kh6ng ed y nghia thing ke (P = 0,538).
KET LUAN VA DE NGHI Ket luan
Tir nhiing ket qua nghien ciiu, mdt sl kit luan dupc nit ra nhu sau:
Sir dung che pham Probiotic da chimg {Bacillus subtilis (H4), Saccharomyces boulardi (SB), Enterococcus faecium ( 6H2), Pediococcus pentosaceus (D7) vd Lactobacillus fermentum (NCI) dang ldng (PBLl) bl sung vao nudc udng va dang bpt (PBB2) bl sung vao thiic an da cai thien dupc t6c dp sinh trudng (tang tir 5,82%) din 7,97%o so vdi 16 dii chiing), tang hieu qua ehuyen hda thiic an (giam tieu tin thiic an/kg tang trpng tir 4,76%) den 6,61%).
De nghj
Cho dupc dua vao san xuit thir san phim Probiotic da chimg dang long (PBL2) va dang bpt (PBB2) dimg trong chan nu6i ga.
TRAN QUOC VIET- Anh hudng cua bd sung probiotic vdo thue dn ..
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VIEN C H A N NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Chan nudi - So 20 -T hang 10-2009
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*Ngue)ri phan bi?n: TS. Nguyin HOu Tdo; TS. Trinh Xuan Cu