• Nghien CIFU - Ky thuat
Cac cay thuoc co tac dung
lam ha glucose huyet va dieu tri dai thao duong .X
(Tiip theo s6 432, thdng 04/2012)
D 5 Trung Ddm
Mdt nghifin cO'u khdc di6u trj 22 b$nh nhSn bj ddi thdo d u ^ n g khdng phg thudc insulin b^ng viSn kh6 qua c h l tii' qud mu-dp d i n g vdi l i l u hdng ngdy 10 vign 0,25g. Sau 5 tuSn diSu tri, glucose huy& gidm d 54% b^nh nhdn dung vifin khd qua;
cdn d 15 b#nh nhdn ddi chipng dCing vifin diabinese, glucose huylt gidm d 86% b$nh nhdn.
Ty Id b?nh nhdn gidm glucose ni$u do vifin khd qua Id 67%, vd do vifin diabinese Id 94%.
Da nghien c d u dieu tri 30 b$nh nhdn ddi thao du-dng tip 2 bdng bgt qua mu-dp d^ng kh6 vd 20 bfinh nhan b^ng cao Idng che tir mmi-p d^ng vd sinh dia. Trong nhdm dieu tri vdi bOt m u d p dang cd 10 benh nhein ket qua tot, glucose huyet trd v4 blnh thuang vd glucose nifiu am tfnh (33,3%), 16 benh nhan k i t qua trung binh (53,3%), glucose huyet giam 1/3 d i n 1/2 so vdi tofdc dieu trj, glucose nidu tuy cd gidm, nhirng v i n cdn duxyng tinh, cdn 4 bdnh khdng co k i t qud, glucose huyet khdng giam (Ooan Thj Nhu va cs.). Trong nhdm dieu tn vdi cao Idng bao che tir mwcrp dang vd sinh dja cd 3 bfinh nhdn dat ket qua tot la nhirng ngu-di mdi mac ddi thdo du-dng chu-a dung thuoc gi khac tnrdc khi dieu trj vdi m u d p d i n g , 13 b§nh nhdn dgt k i t qua tnjng binh id nhirng ngu-di m i c bdnh tir 1 d i n 3 nam, h i u h i t da d u v c d i l u trj b i n g sulfonylurea. S6 b$nh nhdn cdn lgi cd k i t qua kdm la nhCrng ngu'di m i c b$nh Idu hon (5-10 nam).
Mdt thir nghidm tdm s i n g du-gc t i i n hdnh d ngu'di binh thu-dng d l lam chi>ng vd 25 b$nh nhan bj ddi thdo du'dng, dung qud mu'dp d i n g tu-oi vdi i i l u 100 g/ngdy trong 2 t u i n . NhOng n g u d i nghifin c d u khdng thdy cd tdc dgng hg glucose h u y l t cd d ngudi Idm chung, cd d bdnh nhdn ddi thdo d u d n g . Mgt khdc, cdc tdc gid ndy cdn cdnh bdo r i n g , qud m u d p d i n g gdy ra phan dng fim tinh g i i v l glucose ni$u (do khd ndng giir Igi d u g c mdu chi thi trong g i i y thir glucose cd mudi ddng). Nghidm phdp dm tfnh gia ndy cd t h i Idm cho bfinh nhdn va t h i y thuoc nham vd cho la cd tac dgng.
Tgi Vi$t Nam dd cd n h i l u cdng trinh nghifin c d u v l m u d p d i n g . B o d n Thj Nhu vd cs. (1993) chdng minh vdi thd gdy tdng glucose huylt b i n g alloxan, cao ethanol 4 0 % qud m u d p ding l i l u 10 g/kg Idm gidm glucose h u y l t 25,45%.
Bui Chf H i l u vd cs. (1985) d i l u trj 22 b$nh nhdn ddi thdo d u d n g tip 2 b i n g vifin khd qua c h l tir qud m u d p d i n g v d i l i l u dung hdng ngdy 10 vifin 0,25 g t h i y , sau 5 t u i n d i l u trj, glucose huyet gidm 54%; cdn Id bdnh nhdn diing vifin diabinese (ciorpropamid), glucose h u y l t gidm 86%, Thdi Hdng Quang va cs. (1995) d i l u trj 30 b$nh nhan ddi thdo d u d n g tip 2 b i n g bdt qua m u d p d i n g t h i y , 10 b$nh nhdn cho k i t qud tdt, 16 bgnh nhdn cho k i t qua trung binh. Dieu trj b i n g cao Idng qud m u d p d i n g cho 20 b^nh nhdn, t h i y 6 (20%) bfinh nhdn dgt k i t qud tit.
13 (65%) bdnh nhdn dgt k i t qua tmng blnh.
Momordica cochlnchinensis (Lour.) Sprang thudc hg Bau bi (Cucurbitaceae), tfin Vi^t Nam Id g i c
G i c chua 2 glycosid cd hogt Unh hg glucose huylt'^^^l Cd 2 glycosid chda aglycon Id acid oleanolic. Mdt glycosid cd p h i n dudng Id glucose vd glucosid kia cd p h i n dudng Id glucose va arabinose.
Momordica foetida thudc hg B i u bi (Cucurbitaceae)
C h i t foetidin phdn l^p d u g c tir M. foetida vdi l i l u 1 mg/kg, tifim phuc mgc hogc t i l m bap thjt Idm gidm glucose h u y l t ciia chudt cdng ^ n g luc ddi trong 18 gid. Tdc dyng ndy t u o n g duong vdi tdc dgng cua insulin (1 lU/kg), nhung foetidin cd khdc Id khdng cd tdc dgng Idm hg glucose h u y l t d chudt bj ddi thdo dudng do alloxan'^^^'. 0 Vidt Nam, chua phdt hi0n thiy cdy ndy, chi Momordica chO y l u chi thiy cdy m u d p d i n g vd cay g i c .
Morus alba L. thudc hg Ddu tam (Moraceae), ten V i f t Nam Id cdy ddu ^ ^ M
diu tim ^^M
T ^ P C H i DIX0C H n r ^ n ^ / ? f n - > f s h d i i M X M J S U
• N g h i e n CLPU - Ky thuat
Cao methanol cua v d rfi cdy ddu t i m lam giam nong do glucose huyet d chugt n h i t t r i n g . Nghien c u u thanh phan hogt chat cho t h i y moran A la mot glycoprotein cd tac dyng Idm hg glucose huyet cd y nghTa d chudt n h i t t r i n g blnh t h u d n g va chugt bj tang glucose huyet do alloxan'^^^'. Phan dogn ethylacetat vd n-butanol chiet tir la Idm giam glucose h u y l t d chugt c i n g trang bi gay tang glucose h u y l t bang streptozocin. 6 Vi#t Nam, ngoai cay ddu tam, chi Morus cdn cd rngt so cdy khdc c i n chO ^ nghien c u u Id:
- M. australis Poir. hoac M. acidosa Griff., tfin Viet Nam Id dau tdu hogc dau Oc.
- M. nigra L , ten Viet Nam la ddu b i u den.
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. t h u g c h g Dgu (Fabaceae), ten Vi#t Nam Id d | u meo ru-ng
Cho chuQt cdng t r i n g binh thudng an hgt cua dgu meo rirng thi glucose huyet giam'^^^.
Tuy nhien cung an n h u vgy Igi khdng cd tac dyng trfin glucose huyet d chudt cdng t r i n g bi tang glucose h u y l t do alloxan'^^'. Trong cac cdng trinh nghren c d u sang Ipc tac dyng sinh hpc thay cao methanol 50% c h i l t tip hat laj khdng thay co tac dyng hg glucose huyet d chudt cdng tring'^"^' ^^^'. & Viet Nam, ngoai cay dau meo rirng, chl Mucuna cdn mgt so cay khac can chii y nghien c u u la:
- M. cochinchinensis (L.) A. Chev., ten Viet Nam la dau meo.
- M. gigantea (Wiild.) A.DC., ten Vifit Nam la ddu meo Idn.
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spring, t h u g c h g C a m (Rutaceae), t e n Viet Nam la chCim h d i t r a n g hogc c d ri hogc xan trdc
Cao chiet n u d c cCia la chiim hdi t r i n g khi cho udng Idm ha glucose h u y l t keo ddi trong 13 ngay d chd blnh thudng, trong khi d chd bj ddi thao d u d n g ch! keo dai trong vdng 8 g i d sau khi uong thuoc. Cao d u p c tiem tTnh mgch (40 mg/kg) lam ha glucose huyet keo dai trong 24 gid d chd binh thudng^^"*"'. Cao c h i l t bang ethanol 50% tCr re chum hdi t r i n g khong gdy ra tdc dgng hg glucose huyet'"^l Cf Vipt Nam, ngoai cay chiim hdi t r i n g , chi Mun^ya cdn cd cay nguyfit qudi M. paniculata (L.) Jack., can chu y nghifin c u u .
Musa paradisiaca L. van sapientum Kuntze hoac /W. sapientum Linn, thudc h g C h u d i (Musaceae), ten Vi^t Nam la c h u d i tieu h o g c C h u d i g i a
T^p CHI pu'acJto& •os/aftU4Stuaa NAM 52^
Cao hoa chudi tieu cd tdc dgng gdy hg glucose h u y l t d thd'^^^'. Ba m i u hoa thu hai vdo cdc thdi d i l m khdc nhau trong ndm cho t h i y hoa thu hdi vdo thdng gifing cd hipu qud gay hg glucose huyet mgnh n h i t khi cho thd cd glucose h u y l t blnh thudng uong vdo liic ddi. Mgt c h i t chua xdc dinh d u g c c i u triic cd nhi$t dp ndng chdy Id 129-131°C gay hg glucose h u y l t r i t m g n h " " ' .
Ndi chung, cdc logi chudi dn d u g c d i u thudc lodi Musa paradisiaca Linn.. Logi chuol M.
paradisiaca Linn, van sapientum Kuntze hogc M. sapientum Linn., ta ggi Id chudi tifiu. Chudi gid liin M. nana Lour., hogc cdc loai M.
cavendishii Lamb, hogc M. chinensis cd the coi nhu cdc t h d khdc cda lodi M. paradisiaca. 0 Vipt Nam, ngodi cdc chuoi an dupc, cdn cd mgt so lodi khdc thudc chi Musa, c i n chii y nghifin c u u la:
- M. acuminata Colla, ten Viet Nam la c h u l i rirng.
- M. balbisiana Colla, ten Viet Nam la chuoi hdt hogc chudi chat.
- M. chilocarpa Barker, ten Viet Nam la chuoi tram ndi. Qua tuy nhd, nhung cung an dup'c.
- M. textilis Nees, ten Viet Nam la chudi spi.
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. h g Sen (Nelumbonaceae), ten Vigt Nam Id sen
Cao ethanol ciia than rfi cay sen lam gidm glucose h u y l t d chudt cong trang blnh thudng va chugt gay tang glucose huyet bang streptozocin. Not san than re chua tryptophan.
Theo Lee vd cs. (2001), tryptophan cd the Idm giam glucose huyet tren chugt n h i t trdng bj tang glucose huyet do glucose. Tac dgng nay bang 44% so vdi tolbutamld. Protein phdn Igp t u hat sen lam gidm glucose h u y l t d chupt cdng t r i n g da d u p c gay tang glucose huyet, sau khi diing protein d u g c 2 t u i n (W.L. Li, 2004).
Ocimum canum Sims., t h u g c h g Hoa m d i (Lamlaceae)
Hat ciJa cay O. canum chda mpt ham luong cao c h i t x o thuc p h i m (80% tinh theo khdi lupng khd). Ndng dp glucose huylt luc ddi gidm khd on djnh d 16 bfinh nhdn bi ddi thdo dudng diing 30g hat mOt ngay trong 1 thdng"""'. Da tien hdnh nghipm phdp dung ngp glucose uong trudc vd sau giai dogn diing thuoc. K i t qud chl r i n g s y dung ngp glucose cdi thign khd tdt. Mire gidm glucose huylt liic ddi tir 30% trd len kha ben""^.
• Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
Ocimum sanctum L. hogc O. tenuiflorum L. t h u g c h g Hoa m d i (Lamiaceae), tdn Vi$t Nam Id huo-ng nhu tia ho$c fi tia.
u d n g n u d c s i c todn cdy khd cua cdy h u a n g nhu tia cung Idm gidm glucose huylt'"^'.
Ngodi cdy huong nhu tia, d Vi$t Nam cdn cd mdt sd cdy khdc thudc chi Ocimum, c i n chii y nghifin c u u nhu:
- L acaulis (Roxb.) Babe, ex Craib., tfin Vidt Nam Id sa sdm nam khdng thdn.
- O. basilicum L , tfin Vifit Nam Id hiing gidi.
- O. basilicum L. var. vilosum (Willd.) Benth , tfin Vifit Nam Id trd tifin.
- 0 . gratissimum L., tfin Vidt Nam Id huong nhu t r i n g hodc 6 t r i n g .
Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker.
Gawl. h g Thifin m d n (Asparagaceae), ten Vl$t Nam Id m g c h m d n
Bp phdn diing Id re cii. Cdc polysaccharid d u g c chiet tie r l cii mgch mdn Idm hg glucose huyet d chudt n h i t trang binh thudng va d chugt n h i t t r i n g bj tang glucose huyet do alloxan. Theo Fang vd cs. (1998), bai thuoc gdm nhdn sam va mgch mdn lam hg glucose huyet d chudt nhat t r i n g bj tang glucose huyet do alloxan.
Opuntia streptacantha L. t h u d c h g X u o ' n g rdng (Cactaceae)
Nhung nghien ciru t i l n hdnh vdi nhya cay O. streptacantha d 3 loai ddng vgt khdc nhau la thd, chupt cong t r i n g va chd cho thay r i n g nhya cdy Idm hg glucose huyet khi udng cho ddng vdt bj tang glucose huyet vira phai. 0 dpng v$t cd glucose h u y l t binh t h u d n g vd nhung con vgt bi c i t bd tgy thi nhya khdng cd tdc dgng. Nhung k i t qua ndy chung minh cdng dgng trong nhdn ddn diing cay ndy de dieu trj cac trigu chirng ddt thdo dudng""*^. Cf Vidt Nam, chua t h i y cd cdy O. streptacantha, nhung ta cd cay x u o n g rdng ba cd gai O. dillenii (Ker. Gawl.) Haw., c i n chd y nghien c u u .
Oryza sativa Linn, thugc h g Lua (Poaceae), ten V i f t Nam Id Ilia
Cao n u d c c h i l t tir re cila cay liia lam gidm cd y nghta glucose huyet d chupt n h i t t r i n g binh t h u d n g . Tip cao c h i l t d u p c t u re lua, da phan lap d u g c 4 glycan Id cdc oryzaran A, B, C vd D. Cdc oryzaran nay lam giam cd y nghTa glucose h u y l t d chupt nhat t r i n g binh t h u d n g vd chudt bi tang glucose h u y l t do alloxan"'^'.
Cao n u d c c h i l t t u cdm ggo td cd tdc dyng hg glucose h u y l t cd y nghTa khi tifim trong mdng byng cho chudt nhdt t r i n g binh t h u d n g vd chuJM
bi tdng glucose h u y l t do alloxan. n Panax ginseng C. A . Meyer t h u d c h g Nhdn
s d m (Araliaceae), tfin Vi$t Nam Id nhdn sdm Cao n u d c rS nhdn sdm T r i l u Tifin cd hogt tinh hg glucose h u y l t ddng k l khi cho chu^t n h i t t r i n g udng. Cdc glycan Id cdc panaxan A, B, C, D vd E p h i n l$p d u p c tie r l nhdn sdm c6 tdc dyng hg glucose h u y l t d chudt n h i t tring vd chd blnh t h u d n g vd bi tdng glucose huylt do alloxan'"^' ^^°\ Tifim phiic mgc mdt l i n cao chilt cdn rS nhdn sdm Idm gidm glucose huylt vd gidm hdm l u g n g glycogen"*^'. Cung dd phdn ldp d u g c 16 panaxan khdc Id cdc panaxan F, G, H, I, J, K. L. M. N. O, P, Q, R, S, T vd U tir cao n u d c nhdn s d m " " ' ^ ' . T i t cd d i u cd tdc dyng Idm hg glucose h u y l t rd r$t d chudt n h i t tring blnh t h u d n g vd chudt bj tdng glucose huylt do alloxan.
T r u d c dd da chirng minh thdnh p h i n gdy hg glucose h u y l t ciia re nhdn sdm Id DPG-2-3 c6 tdc dyng trfin sinh tdng hgp insulin ciia ddng v^' bj tang glucose huylt"^^^. Phdn dogn chilt ti>' cao cdn nhdn sdm (10-50 mg/kg) Idm tSng ning dd insulin trong mdu d chudt n h i t t r i n g bi tang glucose huyet do alloxan. N h i l u phdn dogn chiet tip r l nhdn sdm kich thfch s y t i l t insulin, dgc bidt Id s y t i l t Insulin gay ra do glucose \j/' ddo tyy vd do dd idm gidm glucose huylt"^*^, N h u viy, trong r l nhdn sdm, cd nhung c h i t Idrfl*
hg glucose h u y l t vd cd nhu-ng c h i t kfch thich s y gidi phdng insulin'^^'. Saponin Id mdt trong cdc nhdm hogt c h i t . Cdc ginsenosid R b l , Rgl, Re, Rg, DPG da d u g c chu-ng minh bdng thi;c nghidm vd Idm sdng cd tdc dgng chdng dai thdo d u d n g vd cdc b i l n chung cua ddi thdo dudng. - Panax quinquefolium t h u d c h g Nhan sdm, ten V i ^ t Nam Id s d m My
Oshima vd cs. " ^ ° ' da nghifin c u u c h i l t sdm..
My b i n g methanol vd sau dd bang nudc. Khi tiem phiic mgc cao n u d c cho chugt n h i t tring binh t h u d n g , glucose huyet gidm cd y nghTa. Tir cao, da phdn ldp vd tinh c h l d u g c 3 glycan, ggi Id quinquefolan A, B vd C. Khi tifim phdc mgc cdc quinquefolan ndy cho chugt n h i t t r i n g binh t h u d n g , t h i y glucose h u y l t hg cd y nghTa^j, nhung khdng t h i y thay ddi l u g n g t h d c dn ciSa^
chudt. Da xdc djnh t h i y cd s y khdc nhau v^
TAP c m DlTQC HOC - 05/2012 « A dll NXM «M«
• Nghien ciJu - Ky thuat
c u d n g dd cua cdc glycan nay, nhung chua xdc dinh d u p c mdi Nfin quan giira c i u triic vd hogt tinh. Khdi lupng phan t d ciia cdc quinquefolan nay vdo khoang 2.10^, vd chung cd nhCrng tfnh chat khac vdi cdc glycan ciia nhdn sdm " ^ ° ' ^ " ' 153. 155, 156] Q I ^ Q p g ^g gSj j j j J|.,y,g p|.^^p g g ^ y ^ sam My, nhung k i t qua cdn hgn che. Tuy nhifin, d Viet Nam cdn mpt sd loai Panax khdc, da d u o c nghien ciru n h i l u , nhung chua nghien c u u tdc dgng hg glucose h u y l t Id:
- P. bipinnatiridus Seem., hoac P. japonicus C A . Mey. var. bipmnatindus (Seem.) C.Y.Wu et Feng ex. C.Chou et al., tfin Vidt Nam Id tam that hoang.
- P. pseudoginseng Wall., tfin Vifit Nam la tam that.
- P. vietnamensis Ha et Grushv., tfin Viet Nam la sam Vipt Nam.
Phyllanthus niruri L i n n , hogc P. fraternus Webster t h u d c ho Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae)
Cao chiet bang n u d c cua la cdy P. niruri cd tac dgng ha glucose h u y l t d thd binh t h u d n g va thd bj tang glucose h u y l t do alloxan. Cao Idm hg glucose h u y l t ngay 1 gid sau khi dung vd tdc dung hg glucose huyet cdn kha hon ca tolbutamid"^^'.
Phyllanthus sellowlanus Muller. t h u d c hp T h a u dau
Day la mdt loai cay bui d Nam My, cd tac dung chCra ddi thao d u d n g r i t rd rgt, thudng d u p c diing trong nhdn ddn vung nay. Da phan Igp d u g c tip cdy nay mot chat gidng nhu phyllanthol"^^l 6 Viet Nam, chua thay 2 loai thupc chl Phyllanthus tren, nhung cd kha n h i l u cay thudc chi ndy, c i n chii y nghifin ciru Id:
- P. acidus (L.) Skeels., ten Viet Nam la chiim njdt hogc t i m njpt.
- P. amarus Schum. et Thonn., ten Viet Nam Id chd de than xanh hogc difip hg chau than xanh.
- P. elegans Wall, ex Muell.-Arg., ten Vifit Nam la bd ngdt rung.
- P. emblica L., ten Vipt Nam la me rirng.
- P. pulcher WaW. ex Muell.-Arg., ten Viet Nam
! la chd de dang dgp hoac digp ha chau dep.
'. - P. reticulatus Poir., ten Viet Nam Id phen den.
I - P. rubriflorus Beille, tfin Viet Nam la cdy chd I de hoa do hogc dipp hg chdu hoa dd.
- P. urinaria L., tfin Vigt Nam la cay chd de ] hogc chd de rang cua.
- P. virgatus Forst.f. hogc P. simplex Retz., ten Vi^t Nam Id cdy v i y 6c.
P. welwitschianus Muell.-Arg. h o | c P.
cochinchinensis (Lour.) Sprang., tfin Vi^t Nam Id son l i l u hogc didp hg chdu chym.
Pinellla ternata (Thunb.) Breit. t h u g c h g Rdy (Araceae), tfin Vl$t Nam Id bdn ha b i c
Bd phdn diing Id thdn re. C h i t flavon-C glycosid trong thdn r l vdi l i l u 100 mol/L cd tdc dyng dc c h l 64,7% aldose reductase, chirng td cd t h i diing d l d i l u tri b i l n chirng ciia benh ddi thao d u d n g .
Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A . DC t h u g c h g Hoa c h u d n g (Campanulaceae), ten Vigt Nam Id cdt cdnh
Bd phdn diing Id r l phoi hoac s i y khd. R l cdt cdnh Idm gidm ndng dp glucose, cholesterol, triglycerid va insulin trong huyet tuong sau khi dn d chupt cong t r i n g gay cdm vd beo phi. Nhu vdy, c h l dp an cd cat cdnh cd ipi trong d y phdng vd cdi thipn d u p c cac rdi logn chuyen hod nhu trudng hgp dai thdo dudng tip 2.
Polygala tenuifolia Willd., P. senega vd P.
senega var. latifolla Torrey et Grey, h g Vien c h i (Polygalaceae), ten Viet Nam la vien c h i
Bd phgn diing la re hoac vd re. Vien chi logi P. senega var. latifolia cd tdc dung hg glucose huyet d chugt n h i t trang blnh thudng va chupt n h i t bi tang glucose huyet do di truyen ddng KK-Ay. Phan doan chiet n-butanol ciia P.
senega lieu 5 mg/kg lam giam cd y nghTa glucose huyet d chudt n h i t t r i n g binh thudng va chudt KK-Ay, nhung khdng lam ha glucose huyet d chugt n h i t t r i n g bj tang glucose h u y l t do streptozocin. Cac c h i t cd tac dgng lam hg glucose huyet Id cdc glycosid triterpen (cac senegin II, III, IV vd demethoxysenegin II (W.L.
Li va cs., 2004).
Polygonatum sibiricum Red., P. cyrtonema, P. officinale h g Tdc tifin (Convallariaceae).
Tfin Viet Nam theo thu* tg* la hodng t i n h S i - be-ri va hodng t i n h s g i c o n g v d hodng t i n h d u g c d g n g
Bd phgn diing Id than r l . Djch c h i l t methanol than rfi cd tdc dung lam hg cd y nghTa glucose huyet d chudt n h i t t r i n g binh thudng va chudt bj tang glucose h u y l t do streptozocin hodc epinephrin.
Phan dogn n-butanol cua djch c h i l t methanol cua than re P. officiale Idm hg glucose huyet d
• Nghien CLPU - Ky thugt
chugt nhat trdng bj tdng glucose h u y l t do streptozocin. Mdt trong cdc hogt c h i t Id glycosid spirostanol PO-2.
Por/a c o c o s (Schv.) Wolf, h g N i m Id (Polyporaceae), tfin Vi^t Nam Id p h y c linh
Ddy Id mdt logi n i m ky siqh trfin r l cdy thfing, cd t h i ndng d i n 5 kg. Acid dehydro-trametenolic d u p c phdn ldp tii' n i m cd tdc dyng chdng tdng glucose huylt t r i n mfi hlnh gdy tdng glucose huylt d chugt n h i t t r i n g (W.L.Li vd CS., 2004).
Poterium ancisroides Desf. t h u d c h g Hoa h d n g (Rosaceae)
Villar vd cs."^^' dd cd bdo cdo v l tdc dyng hg glucose h u y l t ciia P. ancisroides. mdt cdy thudc r i t hay d u p c dung trong y hgc nhdn ddn viing Allicante thudc Tdy Ban Nha Id do acid tormentic, mdt triterpenic d u g c phdn ldp tir cdy ndy. Tdc dyng cua n u d c hdm cdy ndy vd cua acid tormentic trfin glucose huyet r i t gidng glibenclamid, nhung hogt Iyc kdm h o n " ^ ' . C/
Vi^t Nam, chua phdt hipn t h i y cdy nay.
Prunella vulgaris L. h g Hoa m d i (Lamiaceae), ten Vigt Nam Id hg k h d t h a o
Bp phgn diing Id cym qua. Dich chilt eOianoi vd mpt chat dugc phdn lap tip cao chiet bdng ethanol cd tdc dgng lam gidm glucose huylt, cd t h i Id do kich thich te bdo beta dao tuy tang tilt insulin.
Psidium guajava L i n n , t h u g c h g S i m (Myrtaceae), ten Vigt Nam Id oi
Dich ep qua dl da dupc nhdn ddn Trung Qudc diing de dieu trj dai thao dudng tir Idu. Tiem phiic mgc djch ep vdi l i l u 1 g/kg gay hg glucose huylt rd rpt d chudt nhit t r i n g binh thudng vd chugt bj tang glucose huylt do alloxan. Tuy nhifin, mire dd tdc dgng yeu hon vd thdi gian tdc dyng n g i n hon so vdi ciorpropamid vd metformin. T h u tren ngudi tinh nguypn vd b§nh nhdn mdi bj ddi thdo dudng, t h i y dich ep qud 6l khi cho udng cd tdc dyng Idm hg glucose huyet'^^, Cdc flavonoid glycosid nhu strictinin, isostrictlnin va pedunculagin Id cdc hogt c h i t da d u g c diing d i l u trj ddi thdo dudng do cdi thi^n d u g c dg nhgy cam do insulin. Basnet vd cs.
(1995) da Chung minh mdt glycoprotein vdi tnjng lugng phdn t u 50 000 d i n 100 000 cd tdc dyng chdng ddi thdo dudng (W.L.Li vd cs., 2004).
Pterocarpus marsupium R o x b . t h u d c h g D | u (Fabaceae)
Cao chiet t u P. marsupium d u g c nhdn ddn An Dg ggi la "Vijayasar" da d u g c cdc thdy thudc Ayurvedic d mgt sd vung thudc An Dp diing d l chira dai thao d u d n g . Nhieu thir nghiem v l tdc
dgng hg glucose h u y l t da d u g c t i l n hanh. Cao cdn vd cao n u d c cOa Idi gd cdy ndy cd tdc dyng hg glucose huylt"®^'^^^'. Nhdng nghifin ciru trfin thd binh t h u d n g cho t h i y cao n u d c cua P.
marsupium trong cdc thI nghidm c i p ti'nh vd mgn tInh d i u gdy hg h u y l t dp rd rdt (16,40% vd 12,02%). Cao cdn cOng Idm hg glucose huylt vd cdi thi$n d u g c s y dung ngp glucose d t h d ' " ^ .
N u d c hdm P. marsupium cQng cai thi^n d u g c s y dung ngp glucose d chudt cdng trang, tuc Id Idm cho glucose h u y l t sau khi diing glucose t h i p han n l u khdng diing thudc"™'. Sg h i p thu glucose qua d u d n g tifiu hod d chudt n h i t t r i n g khi diing cao n u d c bj dc che cd y nghTa"'^'. N u d c hdm cung ire c h l dupc ddp irng tdng glucose h u y l t ciia cao thuy tnrdc t u y i n yfin d chugt cdng t r i n g " " ' . Udng nudc s i c vd cdy, ngdy Ig/IOOg l i l n 10 ngdy cd tdc dyng hg glucose h u y l t d chudt cdng tring bj tdng glucose h u y l t do a l l o x a n " " ' . Phdn dogn tan trong ethylacetat ciia cao cdn vd cdy P.
marsupium k h i c phgc d u g c nhCrng thay ddi do alloxan trfin glucose huyet vd trfin quan the te bdo bfita d t u y i n tuy chupt cdng t r i n g " " ' . Tdc dgng hg glucose h u y l t d thd Id do, mdt mgt, thudc kich thich s y t i l t insulin tir t l bdo bfita cua t u y i n tuy, vd mdt khac, Id do Idm giam sy h i p thu glucose qua d u d n g tifiu h o d " ' ^ .
Pterostilben (10 mg/kg) c h i l t tir go ciia P.
marsupium khi tiem tTnh mgch cho chd tam hg glucose huyet. L i l u cao hon (20, 30 va 50 mg/kg) thi liic d i u cd Idm tdng glucose huylt nhung sau dd Id hg glucose h u y l t kdo ddi den g i n 5 gid. Tuy nhifin ptenDstilben cd gay dgc cho chd d lieu 30 m g / k g " " ! .
Hogt c h i t (-)-epicatechin da d u g c phdn ldp tir cao cOa vd cdy, vd cd tdc dgng phdng ngira chdng igi tdn thuong hogi tir q u i n t h i cdc t l bdo bfita cua t u y i n tuy do alloxan d chugt cdng tring vdi l i l u 30 mg/kg tiem phiic mgc. Hgp c h i t ndy Widng t h i y gdy dgc cho chudt cdng t r i n g d l i l u Ig/kg.
Tdc dyng bdo vp ciia (-)-epicatechin cd the Id do tmng hod cdc gdc t y do hydraxyl hogt tfnh cao gay ddc hgi do alloxan sinh ra"™"^™'. Diing (-)•
epicatechin lieu 30 mg/kg tiem phiic mgc, ngdy 2 lan trong 4-5 ngdy cho chudt cdng t r i n g (ca due vd cdi) bj tdng glucose huyet do alloxan (150 mg/kg tifim phuc mgc) idm giam glucose huylt tdi^
mire blnh thudng.
(ConnS^
TJ^ C H i D l X p r nac-a^nMf « < S . < « M S M ™ P I I