Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
t/NGHIEN CUU THIET KE, CHE TAO HAM DAY BANG DUNG CHO BANG TAI MO THAN HAM LO
When carrying out the coal mining operations at the deeper levels, one of the effective measures for transporting coal, rock and materials is the utilization of the conveyors having heavy capacity and gradient However, in the operating process of these conveyor lines, sudden cable breaks have been considered very dangerous, causing a lot of damages for workers and mining equipment This paper introduces the research results on design and manufacture of the braking system for the conveying rope, applied to the inclined conveyor at underground coal mines
ThS NGUYEN PHI HCJNG KS. NGUYEN THI T H O Y ThS. VU NAM SaN ThS. eiNH NGUYEN P H D COng ty Cd phin Tu vin. Ddu tu Md vi
COng nghiOp - Vinacomin ThS. PHAN X U A N T H O N G Viin Ca khi Ning luong vi Md - Vinacomin
Bien t$p: TS. T? Nggc Hai
LDdtvlndl
Khi khai thdc than ham Id bdng gieng nghieng, ddo cac Id thygng. Id hg ed dg doc Idn, mpt trong nhung giai phdp vgn tai higu qua de van ehuyin than len tren Id su dyng bang tai.
NhO'ng bang tai ndy cd cdng suit Idn vd dp doe t u 1 2 ° - 2 4 ° .
Hign tai, trong nganh Than ed nhung tuyln bang tai cd dp die, chilu ddi vd edng suit Idn, nhu: bang tai gilng nghieng tgi cdc md; Vang Danh (doe 16", ddi 1,22km, cdng suit 3x560=1680kW); Khe Cham III (die 12°, ddi 1,8km, cdng suit 3x630=1890kW). Thdi gian qua da xay ra diM ddy bdng dgt ngdt doi vdi mot s6 bang tai nghieng trong ngdnh Than.
Quy chuin QC01:2011/BCT "Quy ehuin ky thugt quoe gia ve an toan trong khai thde than ham ld"quy djnh hg thong bang tdi phai dugc trang bj cc c l u giO" dupc nhdnh tai khi dut. Tuy nhien, eho den nay, cdc bang tai md than h i m Id chua dupe lap ec eau giu" dugc nhdnh tai khi bj dut - ham day bang va cung chua ed mdt edng trinh nghien euu ndo de cap ve van de ndy Khi bdng tai lam vige, n l u xay ra su co ddi day bang dpt ngdt thi ddy bdng vd toan bp vdt ligu tren dd trdi xuong, vgt lieu cd the vang ty do, tao ra dgng nang va dgp Idn, gay nguy hiem cho ngudi va thigt hai cho thiet bj, dgc biet doi vdi bang tai cd ehilu ddi vd gde doc Idn. Viee khac phyc hdu qua se ton kem ehi phi nhdn lye vd thdi gian. Do do, can nghien CLPU, thiet k l , ehe tgo hdm ddy bang cua bdng tai de khi dirt giam thilu nhung thigt hgi gdy ra, giup ngudi cdng nhdn hogt dgng gan bdng tai cd dieu kign ldm
viec an todn vd ddp i>ng dugc quy djnh Quy chuin QC01:2011/BCT.
2. Nguyen nhan dut bang
Qua khao sdt tgi ede md than h i m Id thupe ngdnh Than, phin Idn cdc tuyln bdng chi bo tri thiet bi phanh tren tai true dpng ec, ham trdi ngugc tren tang ddn ddng hoac tang dau bang.
NhO'ng thilt bj nay chi dam bao viee dung bang tai khi ed sy c l m l t dien... Tuy nhien, trong tm-dng hpp gap sy co bang dut dpt ngdt thi chua cd thilt bj cd the giu" ddy bdng de ching bang vd vgt ligu trdi xuong dudi.
Khi thiet ke bang tai, day bdng dugc chpn dam bao dp b i n keo vd dap ung cde chitieu vgn hdnh. Tuy nhien trong thye t l , hien tugng dut bdng dot ngdt van cd the xay ra. Sy co dut bang dgt ngdt cd t h i do nhO'ng nguyen nhdn sau;
+ Chat lupng ddy bang khdng dap ung yeu cau thiet ke;
+ Day bang bj giam chat lupng sau mot thdi gian sudyng;
+ Cdc nguyen nhan khdc ldm giam sue ben keo cua ddy bdng: bang bj Igeh cp sdt va mdi mdn bci khung bdng, ldm gidm b l rdng bang;
cdc vj tri yeu nhu md'i noi ghep bang, vet rach bang phdt trien...
Tren thyc t l san xuat hign nay, phin Idn cae md than him Id su dyng bang tai Id thilt bi vgn tai than. Tgi mdt s l md da xay ra trudng hgp bang dut dpt ngpt trong qua trinh ldm vige. Theo ghi nhgn t u nhu-ng sy co tgi ede md, ddy bang bj dut trong lue dang hogt dpng, chu y l u tai vj tri moi n l i vd khu vyc xay ra Id khu vyc gan dau bang, nci cd lye eang Idn nhit.
KHCNM SO 2/2015* CO DI^N - TV^B<)NG H 6 A
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo
3.Tieu chi t h i l t k l phanh
MOt trong nhyng bien phSp nang dO tin cay vS an toan l^m vi$c cua cac bdng tai nghieng 1^
l i p d§t ham giif day bang. B l dam bao an toSn, ham giu' day bang phai trang bj cho t i t ca cac bang tai nghiSng vdi p a 10° va dap img c i c yeu c l u sau:
- Ham giy day bang phai lam viec ty dong vi khong iam hong dSy bang;
- Thdi gian ham giCr day bang (thdi gian tac dOng) phai nho nhit;
- Khi bang tai iam vi$o binh thydng, ham giu' khong lam mdn day bang v i khdng tao ra sire can phy, va cSn trd hoat d^ng bang tai;
- Ham giii' day bang kh6ng qua c6ng kinh, cac kit cSu phai don gian nhit cd the;
- Vile l i p d^t ham giCr day bang khong lim giam nang suit cua bang tai;
V ,
- Do tin cay iam vi§c cua he thing ham giu' day bang phai cao;
- Dap O'ng dyoc vdi cac loai bang tai thdng dyng hien dang sip dyng trong T^p doan Cdng nghiep Than - Khoang san Viet Nam v l gdc die, nang suit.
4. Vj tri i l p d^t ham day bang
cac bang tai van tai Idn die chD y l u d i u bo tri bp d i n ddng tai dau bang (bing tang dau bang hoae g i n tang dau bang), so d l phan b l lye cang t h i hien tren hinh l a .
- Ham glQ' day bang c l n b l tri tai vi tri ed lye eang bang Idn nhit, vung nguy hiem, nhyng khdng anh hydng d i n viec dd tai va cac thilt bj b l tri tai khu vyc tang d i u bang. Kho.'jng each nhd nhit d l b l tri ham la Lmn = 15m + 30m, tyy thyde vao tirng so d l lap dat cy t h i eiJa tyyen bang.
/I I 2
a) So ddphin bd li/c cing bing dSl vdl bing til lin b) So dd bi tri hd thdng phanh nhinh trdn, nhinh die dudi trdn bing tii
HInhl. So dd phinbd luc cing bing ddi vdi bing tii lin ddc.
a) Hinh 3D cOa him glO diy bing. b) Sa dd nguydn if
Trin hinh 2b: 1- Vi td diy bing lim viic: 1- -Vi tri day bing khi dCrt: 2- Mi phanh cd dmh gin vdi khung (3): 3 - Khung phanh, khung duac liin kit c&ng bing buldng vdl khung cua bing til (11); 4 - Bii (/png; 5 -
Thanh gin ddi tmng duac gin cCmg vdi tnjc quay dit trong 6 dO (6): 6 - 0 dd duac gin cimg vdl khung (3); 7 - Tay quay duoc gin cimg vdi true quay dit trong d dO (6): 8 - Con lin dd bing duac lip trin tay quay (7): 9 - Mi phanh ddng, cdbimit lim viic li tim ma sit, mi phanh ddng duac liin kit cUng vdi tay
quay (7). 10- din con tin nhinh cd til oOa bing tii 11 - Khung bing tii Hinh 2. eiu tao him gia diy bing nhinh cd tii
KIICN»1 S 6 2/20I.S* CODIEN -T^J•BO^G HOA
Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghe m d
TrycQaay/
\Canlinaa
a) Tr$ng thii bing tii ho^t dOng binh thirimg b)Tr$ng thii bing tii gip si/ cd dOi.
Hinh 3. So dd nguyin /j? ho?t ddng cua him glQ' diy bing nhinh cd tii 7
wy/ \ I
* \
3 4
\ /
Ti ' t,^ 4»
^ r
5 8) ^\
I'/A
V/* '
a) Hinh 3D b) Sa dd nguydn If
Tren hinh 4(b); 1- Vi tri day bang iSm vise; 1' - Vi tri day bang khi dirt; 2 - Ma phanh c6 dinh gin vdi khung (3); 3 - Khung phanh (gin cac chi tilt cua h§ thing phanh), khung duoc Ii6n kit cirng bang buldng vdi
khung cua bang til (8); 4 - Thanh gin ma dOng duce gin cirng vdi tryc quay d$t trong 6 dd (7);
5 - Ma phanh ddng, c6 b l mat iam vi$c la tim ma sat, ma phanh d^ng duce \\in kit cirng vdi tay quay (4) va ddng vai trd nhu mOt dli trong. 6 - Con ian ty bang duce lip trSn tay quay (4); 7 - 6 dd duce gin cdng
vdi khung (3); 8 - Khung cua bang tai.
Hmh 4. Him gil> diy bSng nhinh khdng til Do day bang ed t h i b| diM tai nhanh ed tai va nguyen ly "Nem".
khdng t i l , ndn hSm giO'a day bang gdm;
+ Ham giCf day bang nhanh ed tai;
+ Ham giO' day bang nhanh khdng tSi.
So d l b l tri cac ham giii dSy bSng dyyc gidi thilu trdn hinh 1 b.
5. Nguygn ly hoat d^ng va c l u tao cua h | t h i n g ham giu* day bang
Hiln nay, trin t h i gidi cd nhilu ham giii' ddy bang cua bang tai duoc d l xuit va ed nguyen ly hoat ddng, k i t c l u khac nhau. Dydi ddy nhdm nghien ciru d l cap tdi mpt loai cd kha nang ap dyng cao trong thyc t l tai Vilt Nam
5.1. HBm giif day bing nhinh c6 tii
Khi bang tai iam vi|e binh thydng co c l u xoay tay quay d vj tri n l m ngang, tilp xuc vdi bang tai bing con lan g i n liln vdi cdc tay quay, goi la trang thai can bing (hinh 3a). Trang thai can bing nay dypc duy trt trong suit qua trinh hoat ddng cua bang tai.
Khi day bang bi dui ddt ngdt, lye cSng ciia bang mit di, pha vo trang thai can bing (hinh 3b). Do trpng lye eiia d l i trpng va ty trpng ban than cac chi tilt eua phanh, co c l u tay quay xoay quanh I dd, b l mat ma d0ng se ti vao t i m bang xoay d i n vj tri tilp xiie vdi md tmh ep chat bang tai lai. Lye ma sat tSng dan, d i n khi thing dypc lye dan hIi, luc dd, bang se dirng chuyin Ham giD' day bang nhanh cd tai (hinh 2) clu ddng. Ma tTnh va ma ddng khi kep se tao ra lyo tao vd nguyin ly hoat ddng nhy sau; nlm Idn d l giy t i m bang.
Ham giii' ddy bang nhanh ed t i i hoat ddng 5.2. Him giO'diy bing nhinh khdng tii trdn nguyin ly tac dpng eo hpe, ipi dyng trpng Nguyin ly hoat ddng eua ham nay cDng lye eua d l i trpng va lye phanh tao ra dya trin fyong t y nhy ham ddy bang cd t i l .
KHCNM s d 2/2015' CO DIEN - Ty'DQNG HOA
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m d
Tay quay Tam ham ma sat
Nhanh bang dirai
True Quay
^ \ Mat ham duoi a) Trang thil bing til hoat ddng binh thudng
MSt ham du6i b) Trang thil bing til gap su cd dijt Hinh 5. Sa dd nguydn lyhdat ddng cua him gili diy bing nhinh khdng til
6. Kha ndng ap dung vdo thyc te Hdm giu' day bang neu tren dam bao an toan cho cae bang tai ed dO doc, iam viec khdng ehi trong cdc md ham Id md ca trong cae nha may tuyln, nha may nhilt dien, b i n eang, kho chira tap trung... Khi dirt day bang, ham giir day bang nay c6 nguyin ly hoat dpng don gian, khdng can su" dyng eo eau phirc tap khic nhu thiiy lye, khi nen, c l n cd cac thilt bj bo trp nhy cde he thong tin hi|u diln, dien tir, kit c l u don gian hodn toan cd the c h l tao trong nydc.
Trin CO sd nguyin ly lam vi|c vd ly thuylt tinh todn, nhdm tdc gia eua Cdng ty Co phin Ty v i n Oiu ty IVId vd Cdng nghilp vd Vi|n Co khi Nang lypng va Md dd k i t hpp, triln khai c h l tao vd thir nghiim thdnh edng ham giii' bang cCa bang tai. Kit qua thii' nghiem cho thiy, ham dat y l u c l u v l cac thdng so ky thuat nhy; dp on dinh, thdi gian tdc dgng, luc kep giO'.
Mpt s l hinh anh thif nghiim t h i hi|n tren hinh 6.
K i t l u a n
Nhdm nghiin ciru da lya chpn so d l nguyin
Hinh 6 ThCr nghidm him giO' diy bing
ly, xdy dyng \j thuyet tinh todn. Trin eo sd nay, dd thilt ke, c h l tao bd ham giij* day bdng nhdnh cd tai vd khdng tai. K i t qua thii' nghiem da khang dinh tinh diJng dan eua ly thuylt da xdy dyng vd chit lypng cao eiia san pham
Tai lieu tham khao:
1. Nguyen Vdn Khdng; "May vi t6 hap thiet bl van tii mo". Nhd xuit ban Khoa hgc Ky thuat. Hd Ngi, 2005.
2. Quy chuan QC01;2011/BCT; "Quy chuan ky thuat quoc gia ve an toin trong khai thic than ham Id".
3. Hachette Superieur, (P.F.I.E.V); "Co hpc vat ran". Nhd xuit ban Giao dye.
4. KysMHH. A.B, MapoH O.Jl; CnpaeiyiHUK no pac^emsM MexanuaMoa nodh&MHO - mpanc- nopmHbix jwauju/Y.Msfl BbecHsiiHan ujKona.
MHHCK 1983.
5. LUaxMewcMep Jl.f, Conofl TM; llodaeMHbie KOHeeiJepHbie ycmanoeku, Hsfl. "Heflpa".
MocKBa. ig76.
6. tUaxiuieiicMep/I.r, HMiiTpiieBB.r. Teopun u pacqim nenmcNHbix KOHseuepoe - MaujMHO- CTpoeHMe.1978.
KHCNM s o 2/2015* CO DIEN -T^1• BONG HOA