AN TOAN GIAO THONG
XAY DITNG VAN HOA GIAO THONG DE DAM BAD AN TOAN VA THE HIEN TRINH DO PHAT TRIEN CUA XA HOI
TS. N G U Y I N VAN NHAN P.Chu tjch Hgi Cau Dudng VN
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hi mgi ngudi co niem vui chung vi su phat triln eiia giao thdng tac dgng tich cue den su tang trudng kinh te - xa hgi thi con eo dieu khong vui bdi nhffng hinh anh khdng may sang siia ciia tinh trang hoat dgng giao thdng tren dudng, nhat la giao thong dudng bg hien nay, ma thudng thiy la CO nhffng xe may cd tinh vugt den dd hoac lao sang di ngugc chieu va di lan ea len v?a he, dto thi khong chju ndi duoi di theo hang dgc theo lan vach djnh, ma ludn tim each ngoi vugt len lan tuye'n va bdp edi inh di, ngudi di bd thi ngang nhien sang dudng bat ky doan nao, luc nao... Oieu dang budn la nhung hien tugng neu tren khong cdn gidi ban d mffc th?nh thoang, ca biet ma ai cung biet nd da trd thanh phd bien d eae do thj, nhu mgt bilu hien ciia su xudng d p ve dao dffc eong cong, khong thay cdn dffc tinh nhudng nhjn ma ai eung ed chen len d l di trudc, do eung la su tut hau so vdi the gidi vi nhffng hanh vi cd the noi la "thieu van hoa" ciia mgt bg phan dang k l dan cu tham gia giao thdng, k l ca d thii dd van hien.Tinh trang do la nguyen nhan din den iin tie giao thdng thudng xuyen va dau long ban vi cdn xay ra nhffng vu tai nan khdng dang cd. Khach du ljeh den Viet Nam dffgc phdng van thudng tra Idi la "Dit nudc Viet Nam tuai dep, ngudi Viet Nam hien hda men khach, nhung cdn giao thdng Viet Nam thi thiy ning minh khiep sgi".
Trude bdi canh dd, nam nay Uy Ban An toan giao thong Qudc gia td chffc thang an toan giao thdng vdi ehii de trgng tam la xay dung "van hoa giao thong", do la mgt chii truang rat sang sudt, kjp thdi, bdi dan gian la luat le giao thong va van hoa giao thong cd mdi quan he hffu ea khang khit vdi nhau, van hoa giao thong la yeu td quan trgng dam bao cho an toan giao thong va t h i hien trinh do phat triln cua xa hgi, mgt dat nffdc khdng t h i phat trien van minh neu cff d l boat dgng giao thong dien ra Ion xgn va tai nan giao
Cdtinh di nguqc chieu
thdng xiy ra trien mien. Trong khudn khd gidi han eua bai bao nay, tac gia ch? xin de cap den hai khia canh la khai niem ve van hoa giao thdng va mdi trudng ciia van boa giao thdng.
Khai niem ve vin hoa giao thdng:
Cd nhieu each trinh bay hai khac nhau ve khai niem van hoa giao thdng, nhung du vdi khai ni§m nao chang nffa thi ban chit van boa giao thong cung cd t h i dan gian hda bing each dien dat ngin ggn va de hieu la: "Van hoa giao thdng la cac ddi tffong tham gia giao thong cd hanh vi ung xff cua ngffdi cd van boa".
Va van hda giao thdng dffgc hien thj tren 3 mat chinh:
Mdt la: Am hieu va thue hien nghiem ch?nh phap luat ve giao thdng, khdng bao gid cd nhffng hanh vi sai trai, nhu: di khdng theo biln bdo hieu, di sai phan dudng quy djnh hoac vugt den dd, di trai dudng, di xe may len v?a he, phdng nhanh, vugt au, bdp cdi inh di...
Hai la : Biet nhudng nhjn, giup dd, chia se khi tham gia giao thong, bilu hien tff vi§c nhd nhu nhic hg ngudi qudn gat chan chdng xe may, quen ddng
TAP CHi CAU OUdNG VI^T NAM
AN TOAN GIAO THONG
cffa dto... den cff eh? nhudng dudng cho ngudi di bg va giiip dd khi thiy ngudi bj nga, neu chang may gay ra va quet thi khong bd chay ma dung lai xin loi va tham gia khac phuc hau qua...
Ba la : Co bilu hien dep ve dao dffc khi tham gia giao thong, nhu khong edi tran hoac an mac keeh cdm khi di ra dudng, khong ndi bay, chffi tuc, chen lan, xo day...
Xem ra nhu vay xay dung nep sdng vdn hoa giao thong la viec rat khd ma cGng rat del Rit de vi do chinh tffng ngudi tu giac thue hien, khong cin cd trang thie't bj gi phai mua sIm tdn kem, hay bit dau tff ehinh minh va eh? can tff nhung hanh dgng nhd nha't eung gop phan xay dffng nen van hoa giao thong chung. Rit kho vi day la mgt euoe van dgng thay ddi hanh vi thoi quen, ma cai gi da thanh thoi quen thi thay ddi khong dan gian, de dang va d n phai cd thdi gian de tap quen dan vdi cai mdi. Vi the Id trinh xay dffng van hoa giao thong can duge thue hien deu dan, lau dai vdi sff quyet tam va tinh kien tri rat eao.
Moi trudng ciia van hoa giao thong:
van hoa giao thong lien quan mat thiet den toan bg he thdng ca sd vat chat ciia nganh giao thong van tai, de'n tinh rong rai, hoan thien eiia he thdng cau dffdng va thong tin tin hieu, den su chuln muc ciia eae quy tie, luat le hudng din cho mgi ngudi thue hien... tat ea cac mat ay cang hoan ch?nh bao nhieu cang tao dieu kien de dang thue hien van hoa giao thong bay nhieu. Vi vay van hoa giao thdng phu thuge trude het vao chinh sach va tam nhin eiia cac ca quan
quan ly giao thong van tai, ciing vdi eae chuang trinh muc tieu va giai phap hffu hieu lam cho dudng sa thong thoang, trudc mit dd la sff md rong, cai tao cac dilm nut, lam dudng him, cau vugt thay eho d u true ddng mffc tai eac nga tu, nga nam, ban che rdi giam din xe CO gidi ca nhan, tang ty le sff dung phuang tien cong cong... day la nhung each de tranh un tie hieu qua nhit, ddng thdi quy hoaeh tang dien tfch eho ket d u ha tang giao thong, khong t h i chip nhan ch? cd 5% dat dd thj danh cho giao thdng nhu hien nay. Dieu nay cd thuan Igi la Luat Giao thong dudng bg - 2008 dugc Qudc hgi khoa XII thong qua, trong do co quy djnh ty le quy dit giao thdng so vdi dien tich dd thj phai dam bao tff 16% den 26% va Luat nay cd hieu Iffc thi hanh tff ngay 01-7-2009.
Tdng che tai xff phat nang ddi vdi chii phuang tien va ea ngudi di bg khi co hanh vi cd tinh khong chap hanh luat le giao thdng, nhit la vugt den dd, chay nhanh, lai au, tham chi tjch thu xe, bat giam cai tao khi dua xe, lang laeh gay thiet hai tren dudng. Che tai la cong cu lam nghiem them phap luat, nhffng ai qua An Do da chffng kien ngudi dan d qudc gia ddng dan nay, dan tri cd le eung khdng eao ban Viet Nam ta nhung cd ky cuang rat tdt, dd la vi ehe tai d day rat nghiem, phat rit nang nhffng hanh vi vi pham phap luat, chinh vi the ma hinh thanh dffgc trong y thffc eiia tffng eon ngffdi biet tu kiem ehe, khong vi pham luat, ngay ea khi khong cd mat canh sat. Tren Tap ehi Con Dudng Xanh, nha bao HH da k l eau ehuyen giao thong d West Bengan, co tinh tiet mgt quan chffc lai dto du Ijch dung xe lai, xudng xe tat anh lai xe ngffa
Ngang nhien di vao dudng cam Lao len via he
TAP CHI CAU OUdNG VIET NAM
AN TOAN GIAO THONG
mgt cai vi anh nay da danh xe di vao lan dffdng danh eho oto, anh lai xe ngua phai c h i p tay, cui dau nhan loi; mgt ngudi phu nff di bg bang qua dffdng sai luat, bj oto dam va bj thuang, nhung ngudi chii xe khong nhdng khong bdi thudng ma eon gffi dan kien vi tai ngudi phu nff nay ma xe eiia anh ta bj mop meo va anh ta bj chan dgng tinh than!
Day manh han eong tac tuyen truyen, giao due phap luat ve giao thong, tao eho mgi ngudi tinh tu giae chap hanh luat le khi di dudng, dd la yeu td ca ban tao nen net dep ciia van hoa giao thong, ddng thdi chinh la mgt phan thuge ve pham tru dao dffc ciia tffng ngudi t h i hien ra moi trudng trong cudc sdng hien dai, phu hgp vdi Igi ich eiia edng ddng va su tien bg eiia xa hgi. Odi vdi nhffng guang tdt, net dep eua hanh dgng van hoa giao thong can dugc bieu duang, tuyen truyen kjp thdi de nhan ra rong ban; ddi vdi nhung bilu hien xau cang can dugc phe phan nghiem khac, nhat la nhffng hanh vi qua dang nhu cd tinh phong au, lang laeh, vugt den dd vdi net mat ngong ngao ly Igm can dugc len an manh, tham chi ggi do la hanh vi "v6 liem s?" tu ha thap nhan pham ciia minh va bj mgi ngudi khinh ghet, neu tao dugc du luan xa hgi nhu vay chac chan eac te nan tren se sdm duge cham dui. Cong viec tuyen truyen, giao due quan trgng nay rat can su phdi hgp ddng bg ciia toan he thdng giao due qudc dan, bao gdm tat ca cae d p trudng hgc va cae ca quan truyen thdng, bao chi dudi sff td chffc eh? dao dau mdi eiia Uy Ban An toan giao thong Qudc gia ciing vdi Mat tran To qudc, Ooan Thanh nien va cae Bg, nganh hffu quan.
Dffgc biet mgt tin vui la ngay 19/9/2009 Trung Uang Ooan Thanh nien Cong san Hd Chi Minh da lam Le phat dgng cuoc van dgng "Thanh nien vdi van hoa giao thong" keo dai tff thang 9/2009 den het thang 9/2012 vdi ngi dung phong phu, toan dien va hang nam huy dgng 100.000 thanh nien lam "sff gia van hoa giao thong" tuyen truyen cho an toan giao thong, vdi muc tieu rat thie't thue la gop phan khie phuc tinh trang iin t i e giao thong dd thj va giam ty le tai nan giao thong trong ea nude. Day la mgt cudc van dgng cd y nghTa tdt dep va bd ich ddi vdi toan xa hgi, trudc het la vdi thanh nien, thieu nien. Mong r i n g toan t h i thanh nien nganh giao thong van tai se la Iffc
lugng di dau nhiet Iiet hudng ffng va thue hien tdt cudc van dgng nay. Va mong Ban Giam hieu ciing cae thay, ed giao tat ca cac trudng dao tao trong nganh va
Ban chap hanh Ooan cac ca sd coi day nhu mgt thdi ca thuan Igi ddi vdi cdng tac giao due dao dffc, ren luyen hgc sinh, sinh vien de mai day se cd hang van thanh nien ra trudng neu t i m guang tdt ve van hoa giao thdng tren khap mgi mien d i t nude •
KINH NGHIEM THI CONG MAT DUONG...
(tiep theo trang 55)
- Ve thi edng : hien nay nude ta chua ed quy trinh thi cdng va nghiem thu rieng cho mat dudng be tong xi mang, ma chii yeu van dung eae tieu chuan, quy trinh ve thi cdng va nghiem thu be tdng xi mang dd tai cho. Ddi vdi mat dudng be tong xi mdng san bay, thudng do ca quan thie't ke ban hanh kem theo hd sa thiet ke ky thuat. Do vay, d n bien soan, ban hanh sdm. Mgt sd eh? tieu ve danh gia, k i l m tra chat lugng (vi du nhu danh gia eudng chju keo Rk), can nghien cffu hoan ch?nh quy trinh...
- Ve eae djnh mffc XDCB: eae djnh mffc XDCB da cong bd nhin chung chua day dii va ehua phu hgp vdi edng nghe ta dang cd. Vf du nhu eong tac thi cong be tong xi mang mat dudng : mdi ch? cd djnh mffc thi edng b i n g ca gidi eho dudng d t ha canh, dudng lan, san do may bay; cdn dudng giao thdng mdi ch? ed djnh mffc thi cdng trgn be tdng b i n g may trgn 500L, dd b i n g thii cdng... Vi vay can soat xet lai va dieu ehinh, bd sung eae djnh mdc theo cong nghe hien ed va ca eac cong nghe tien tien ban.
4.2- Be CO ca sd thue hien cac cong viec tren de nghi:
- To chffc thdm quan hgc tap kinh nghiem, eong nghe thi cdng mat dudng BTXM eua eae nudc cd trinh do tien tien (My, Dffc, Trung Qudc...);
- To chffc thi eong thi d i l m mgt doan dudng cao tdc dai 5-10km •
TAP CHI CAU OUdNG VIET NAM