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am 1982, tgi Vien (Ac), Hdi nghj Qudc te ve van de ngudi gia da thdng qua chUdng trinh hanh dpng qudc te cham sdc ngudi gia. Dd la mdt Icgt cac khuyen nghi ve chfnh sach va g i i i phap cho cac qudc gia dap ufng vdi ty le ngudi cao tudi ngay cang tang. Npi dung chfnh cua chUdng trinh hanh dpng de cap den khfa cgnh sufc k h o i , nha 6, mdi trudng, gia dinh, b i o trq xa hpi, viae iam, cdng tac thdng tin cho ngudi cao tudi. Cd hai van dd ciia ngudi cao tudi dang la mdi quan tam ciia cac qudc gia, dd la, ty la ngudi cao tudi hien nay 6 mdt sd nude phat trien khoing 18%, dg bao sau 20-25 nam nOa ty Id nay se dgt khoing 25- 30%, nhufng khd khan nao se x i y ra vdi mdt qudc gia ma cuf 4 ngudi thi cd mdt ngudi gia? va chi phf cham sdc ngudi gia se ngay cang tang.Mac dil chi phf phgc vg cho ngudi cao tudi kha cao, song chiing ta khdng the xem nhu la ganh nang cho xa hpi, bdi vi sau nhOng thang nam lap dpng vat v i , hp cd quydn nghi ngdi. Van de la chiing ta p h i i tfnh toan ban hanh chinh sach va cd che dd mpi ngudi chuin bj cho cudc sdng ve gia cua minh ngay tg khi cdn t r i .
Nam 1999, Nam Qudc td Ngudi cao tudi, Lien Hqp Qudc kgu gpi cac qudc gia quan tam hdn nQa ddn v i n de ngudi cao tudi. Theo dg bao, the ky 21 se la ky nguyen gia hoa dan sd.
Tuy nhien van de dang quan tam la trong vai chgc nam tdi, da sd ngUdi cao tudi se sdng d cac nude nghao, ndi ma dieu
TS. DAM HCTU DAC
Thii trUdng ThiCcfng trxfc BQ Lao dQng- ThiAfng binh va Xd hQi kien kinh td khd
khan, he thdng chfnh sach phuc ldi xa hpi chua hoan chinh thi dan sd ciia hp da gia hoa.
Ngay tai cac nUdc phat then vdi mgc binh quan thu nhap dau ngudi moi nam hang chgc ngan dd la, chi phf cham sdc nggdi gia trong tgqng lai se rat cao, cac nha quin ly dang tim kiem phuong hgdng cham sdc vdi chi phf thap hdn. Cac nude Chau Au
hpp ddng thue mUdn cdng nhan Chau A, nhieu nUdc phat trien dang tim cac giii phap de xay dgng cac ndi nghi ngdi cua ngudi huu tri d cac nude dang phat trien thudc khu vgc nhiet ddi nham giim chi phf.
6 nude ta, ngoai nhOng yeu td chung nhu tren, cdn cd nhieu sire ep khac ddi hdi phai dac biet quan tam den ngudi cao tudi Viet Nam vdi may ly do bd sung sau day:
- Dgi bd phan ngudi cao tudi nude ta hien nay, la Idp ngudi da t r i i qua hai cudc khang chien gian khd va nhOng nam thang dai ciia nen kinh td cham phat trien nen sifc khoe khdng tdt, nhidu b§nh xa hdi nhu sd ret, lao... nhieu ngudi bj giim siit sufc khoi do vet thUdng chien tranh...
theo sd lieu dieu tra m i u ciia
Thii trudng Ddm Hitu Ddc phdt bieu tai Hoi nghi Trien Ichai nhiem vu cong tdc ndm 2010
ciia BQ LDTBXH
Vien lao khoa trung uqng thi hien nay, trong sd ngUdi cao tudi, chi cd 5% cd sifc khoi tdt, 65% trung binh va 30% cd sufc khoe kem (so vdi tudi ciia hp).
Nhieu cupc dieu tra khac cho rang 95% ngudi cao tudi cd benh va cd nhu cau dupc chOa benh.
- Mdt bd phan ngudi cao tudi nude ta ngay nay la ngudi cd cdng vdi nUdc - nhOng nggdi nay da tham gia each mgng thang 8, lap nen ngdc Viet Nam dan chu cpng hoa, Nha nude dan chii dau tien d khu vgc Ddng Nam A, trgc tiep tham gia chien dau chdng Phap rdi khang chien Chdng My vi ddc lap, tg do va thdng nhat dat ngdc ciia dan tpc Viet Nam.
Hien nay, cd mdt sd luqng rat Idn trong sd 6 trieu ngudi cao
LB & X H - Sd375 (tCt 16-31/01/2010)
TRIEN KRAI NHIEM VU CONG TAC LAO BONG, NGOOl CO CdNt WH nri • # ! nri'iW lUnv
tuoi la ngudi cd cdng vdi nude.
Bd phan nhOng ngudi lao thanh each mgng, nhQng ngUdi cd cdng vdi nude nay thudng da la nhufng ngudi thoat ly gia dinh tir rat sdm nen viec cham lo, day dd con cai rat hgn che, vi the nhieu ngudi rat thiet thdi vi con cai hp khdng dUpc cham sdc day dil. Den tudi gia hp ft cd kha nang trdng cay vao thu nhgp ciia con cai.
- Tudi gia ciia ngudi cao tudi hien nay 6 nude ta d i l n ra trong bdi cinh cua sg qua dp tg kinh te tap trung bao cap sang kinh te hang hoa nhieu thanh phan cd sg quin ly ciia Nha nUdc theo djnh hudng xa hdi chii nghTa. Kinh te hang hoa nhieu thanh phan tao ra nhieu cd hpi cho nhieu tang Idp nhan dan trong viec phat trien kinh te, nang cao ddi sdng ciia ngudi lao ddng nhung nd lai la nhOng thif thach s i n sang "ggt bd"
"nhdm nggdi" "yeu the" ra ben Id ciia sg phat trien. Nggdi cao tudi, trong thdi ky nay thgc sg trd thanh nhdm "yeu the" vi hp khdng cdn kha nang thfch nghi nhanh vdi nhOng quy luat khac nghiet cua cd chd thi trudng, hdn nOa nang lgc vat chat (kien thufc, ky nang, tinh than, sufc khoe...) ciia ngudi cao tudi chUa duqc chuan bj cho cd che thi trudng.
Mpt so noi dung cd ban cua chinh sach xa hoi ddi vdi ngUdi cao tudi Viet Nam
Tren ITnh vUc lao dpng va hoat dong san xuat:
Xuc tien cac loai hinh td chufc lao ddng dam bao sg hai hoa giOa cdng viec, trach nhiem gia dinh va dich vg khac cho phu hqp vdi lgc Igqng lao ddng la nggdi cao tudi; Tao sg phu hpp giOa cdng viec vdi sg thay ddi nhu cau, nang lgc cua Idp ngudi cao tudi. Khuyen khich ngudi cao tudi cd nang
lgc, tri tue tham gia va cac hogt ddng xa hdi, nghien cufu khoa hpe, cdng nghe; Tao nhieu cd hdi tg nguyen hoat ddng kinh te cho tat ca cac nhdm tudi ciia Idp ngudi cao tudi; Loai trir moi sg rang budc khac dd'i vdi ngudi cao tudi lao ddng khdng day dil, lao ddng tam thdi hoac cd hdi tg nguyen; Khuyen khfch cac hinh thgc hUu trf mem dec hdn cac hinh thQc ddng b i o hiem bat budc; Tao dieu kien ve dat dai, tu lieu s i n xuat de ngudi cao tudi cd kha nang tham gia hoat ddng kinh te, tgo dieu kien de ngudi cao tudi dgy nghe, truyen nghe, dac biet la nghe truyen thdng.
Tdm lai: Lao ddng khdng chi la nhu cau ciia ngudi cao tudi ma cdn la dieu kien quan trpng de cd thu nhap b i o d i m ddi sdng, do vay can tao dieu kien thuan ldi nhat cho hp tham gia hoat ddng kinh te, nghiem cam mpi sg phan biet trong tra Igpng, t r i cdng ddng thdi phai phu hqp vdi nhQng quy djnh ciia Bd luat lao dpng.
Tren ITnh vUc cham sdc ddi song vat chat ndi chung:
Dam bao mdt mQc sdng tdi thieu cho sg phat trien binh thgdng ciia ca nhan va gia dinh ngudi cao tudi; Khuyen khfch cac td chQc, ca nhan dd dau cham sdc ngudi cao tudi cd ddn;
xay dgng va tao sg thfch nghi ciia he thdng bao hiem b i o ve ngudi cao tudi nham dam bao sg binh dang va doan ket glQa cac the he, xoa bd mpi hang rao ngan giQa cac the he, han che sg le thudc ciia Idp ngudi cao tudi vao the he tre; Xay dgng mdt mdi trgdng tai chfnh thuan ldi de khuyen khfch mpi ngudi tiet kiem, danh dgm cho tudi gia ciia minh.
Tren ITnh vifc cham sdc sCfc khoe:
Phat trien he thdng djch vg
sQc khoe nham chQa tri m^t each cd hieu q u i c i benh sinh ly va benh tam t h i n ; Khuyen khfch sg phdi hdp giQa cac djcti vg y te va djch vg xa hdi; Xuc tidn viec tg cham sdc cho minh d nhQng ndi can thiet; Phat hien cac tiem nang ve cdng nghe c i n thiet cho nhQng nggdi can sg trq giiip sufc khoe; Nghien cQu mdi quan he giQa cac yeu td vat chat, tinh than, tam ly, xa hdi va mdi trudng nham dam bao mdt cupc sdng tdt cho ngudi cao tudi; Nghien cQu cac benh lien quan den tudi gia va cd bien phap phdng chdng benh tat ciia tudi gia; Phat then, md rdng cac djch vg y te thuSn tien eho viec cham sdc sifc khoe va chQa benh cho ngudi cao tudi, ke c i viec khuyen khfch cac cd sd y te tu nhan va hogt ddng kham chOa benh nhan dgo, tQ thien cho ngudi cao tudi.
Tren ITnh vUc dich vu xd hoi:
Tang cUdng sg trq giiip cua Nha ngdc va trq giup ciia cpng ddng nhu mdt he chfnh sach xa hdi hoan chinh; D i m bio si/
tidp can d l dang, thuan tien ddi vdi cac djch vg xa hpi, dac biet ddi vdi nggdi cao tudi; Cung cap sg tiep can thuan iqi ddi vdi he thdng giao thdng cdng cpng, he thdng cd sd vui chdi giii tri phu hqp vdi ngudi cao tudi; Xuc tien cac hinh thQc cham sdc tgi nha nham khuyen khfch mpi ngUdi cao tudi v i n glQ dUdc cupc sdng trong mdi trudng gia dinh cang lau cang tdt; Xay dgng kd hogch trq giup cho nhQng ca nhan, td ChQc cung cap cac djch vy huin luyen, tu van, tai chfnh cho nggdi cao tudi; Tim kiem cong nghe tUdng Qng hd trq nhflng ngudi cao tudi khic phgc nhQng khiem khuyet, can den sg trd giup xa hdi.
Tren ITnh vUc vdn hod, thS due the thao vd cac ITnh vijc khac:
So 375 (ta 16-31/01/2010) - LB & XH
G T A C LAO B O N G , NGtfOl CO CONG VA XA HOI NAM 2010 Phat trien va tang cudng
viec hpe tap ciia ngudi Idn, hpe nghe va dao tgo nghe sudt cudc ddi, cd nhQng hinh thQc phu hqp bdi dudng kien thQc cho ngudi cao tudi cd nhu cau dao tgo; Xoa bd mpi hinh thQc phan biet dieu kien tiep can tdi giao dgc va dao tgo ddng thdi tgo ra nhieu hinh thQc dao tgo tiep tgc cho iga tudi ngudi Idn, cho ngudi cao tudi, khi hp cd nhu c i u ; Xuc tien giao dgc ve q u i trinh "lao hoa ve nhOng mdi quan tam dgc biet cua mdi the ha (tre va gia) tQ khi mdi ngudi cdn rat t r i ; Tgo dieu kien thuan iqi de ngudi cao tudi duqc tham gia vao cac hogt ddng van hoa, the dgc, the thao, tham gia c i c td ChQc xa hdi, tham gia vac q u i trinh quyet djnh lien quan den hp; Nghien cQu, phit trien c i c logi hinh the dgc the thao phu hqp vdi the lgc va dac diem ciia ngudi cao tudi.
Vi trach nhiem cua gia dinh:
Nha nude can cd nhQng chfnh sach kinh te - xa hdi phu hqp, tgo dieu kien de cho cac gia dinh cd cO hdi iQa chpn hinh thQc phit trien gia dinh theo md hinh gia dinh hgt nhan hogc gia dinh md rdng; khuyen khfch c i c td chQc c i nhan nghien cQu, phit trien c i c dich vg gia dinh, giim nhg lao dpng gia dinh de c i c thinh vien trong gia dinh cd dieu kien cham sdc den nhau, dac biet la cham sdc ngudi cao tudi.
Nhdng van de dgt ra Trong bdi c i n h cdng nghiep hoi, hien dgi h o i , hdi nhap qudc td tinh ben vQng trong c i c mdi quan he xa hpi truyen thdng se giam (nhu giam md hinh gia dinh quy md Idn, sQ lidn ket, ho trp theo ddng hp, iang xa cung giim) dieu n i y ddng nghTa vdi mdt ludi an sinh xa hdi phi chinh thgc ft hieu q u i hqn. Them vao dd, trudc day
ngudi dan cd the sdng dga vao ndng nghiep, kinh te hang hoa cham phat trien tham chf tg cung tg cap, ngudn sdng da dang nen mac du nang suit va thu nhap thap nhung cd the tdn tgi, bau vfu vao thien nhien khi rui ro cdn dUdi tac ddng ciia cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ngUdi dan chi cd the dga vao thu nhap tQ viec iam de bao d i m cudc sdng. NhU vay, tfnh phg thudc vao cdng viec va sg b i o dam cua N h i nude ve phuc Ipi l i rat Idn.
Mac du trcng giai dogn vQa qua, Viet Nam da cd nhOng budc phit trien an tuqng (tdc dp tang trgdng cao, dn djnh, ty le ngheo giam nhanh) nhgng vdi xuat phit diem thap (nude ndng nghiep, lac hau) nen den nay v i n cdn la mdt trong nhQng qudc gia ngheo tren the gidi vdi ty le ngheo cdn k h i cao.
Anh hudng ciia c i c cudc chien tranh v i n cdn nang ne, sd lupng khdng nhd nggdi dan bj t i n tat bdi bom, dan dac biet l i nhQng ngQdi bj i n h hgdng bdi chat ddc h o i hpe do My sQ dgng trong chien tranh, dac biet l i Idp nggdi cao tudi.
Sg bidn ddi cau true gia dinh d Viet Nam, tQ gia dinh da the he sang gia dinh hgt nhin, tQ quy md Idn trd ve quy md nhd;
dieu nay i n h hudng rat Idn den viec cham sdc ngUdi gia khi dm dau benh tat, khi khdng cdn kha nang tg phgc vg. Sg thay ddi nay i n h hgdng Idn den viec hoach djnh chfnh sieh cham sdc, trq giup ngudi cao tudi.
Quan diem nha't quan:
Dam b i o h i i hda giQa quan he tang trUdng kinh te va cdng bang xa hdi trong chinh s i e h xa hdi ddi vdi ngudi cao tudi Viet Nam:
Mgt Id, b i o d i m mpi ngudi cao tudi cd nguy cd gap rui ro va cac nhdm ngUdi cao tudi l i ddi
tuqng trp giup deu duqc he thdng chfnh sieh trp giup xa hdi bao phu.
Hai la, ludn chu ddng thgc hien c i c bien p h i p phdng chdng, giim thieu v i khac phgc riii ro, cd he thdng cinh b i o rui ro v i dg b i o xu hudng, quy md ddi tuqng ngudi cao tudi can trq giup xa hdi.
Ba la, thudng xuyen r i soit, d i n h g i i mQc sdng cua ngudi cao tudi l i ddi tUdng trq giup cung vdi d i n h g i i mQc dp thay ddi trong ddi sdng xa hpi.
Khi kinh te tang trgdng, mQc sdng nhan dan tang len hoac g i i ca thay ddi thi mQc trq cap cung dUdc dieu chinh mdt c i e h hdp ly.
Bon Ta, hudng tdi x i y dgng he thdng giim s i t toin dien ve chat igqng, hieu q u i ciia viec thgc hien chfnh sach trp giup ddi vdi ngUdi cao tudi.
Nam la, phit trien c i c hinh thQc td ChQc cham sdc, nudi dudng, quan ly ddi tuqng trq giup xa hdi l i ngudi cao tudi, cung cap dich vg trq giup xa hdi tren cd sd chuyen tQ md hinh nha nQdc td chQc thgc hien va quin ly sang md hinh doanh nghiep cdng fch n h i nUdc thgc hien chQc nang giim sit, quin ly tieu chuan ddng thdi hudng ve cdng ddng.
Sau Ta, phit trien thi trgdng bao hiem xa hdi theo hgdng de mpi thinh vien xa hpi deu cd cd hdi tham gia.
Bay la, dieu chinh, bd sung cac hinh thQc trq giup phu hpp vdi dac diem, nhu cau ciia mdi loai hinh rui ro v i nhdm ddi tupng chfnh sieh l i nggdi cao tudi, giim thieu c i c hinh thQc trd giup trgc tiep, b i o d i m c i i thien dieu kien sdng cho ddi tupng va khuyen khfch ddi tuqng chii ddng vUdn len hoa nhap xa hdi, phat trien ben vQng.a
