QUANTA!-QUAN LY
CAC YEU TO ANH Hl/CfNG DEN HANH VI CHIA SE TRI THLfC CUA GIANG VIEN
TRUING DAI HOC CONG NGHE THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
• NGUYIN QUYET THANG - BUI TUAN pnaciNG
TOM TAT:
Bai vie't nghidn cffu cac yd'u id anh hffdng de'n hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua giang vien Trffdng Dai hgc Cdng nghd TP.HCM (HUTECH) bang phffdng phap nghien cffu dinh tinh va dinh Iffdng, xff ly phan mem SPSS 20. Ket qua cho tiia'y cd 6 nhan td anh hffdng de'n sff chia se tri thffc cua giang vien HUTECH: Niem tin; Lam viec nhom; Giao tid'p ddng nghidp, Sff ung hd cua quan ly ca'p cao; Sff gan ket; Hd thd'ng khen thffdng; Sff chia se.
Tit khoa: Tri thffc, hanh vi chia se tri thffc, giang vien, HUTECH.
1. Gidi thidu
Tri thffc la sffc manh chinh thuc day ba't cff nen kinh Id' nao. Vi vSy, quan tri in thffc da va dang trd thanh mdt ydu c^u la'l yeu. Tri thffc la sff ket hdp cua kie'n thffc va tri tud. Tri thffc bao gdm nhffng dff kien, thdng tin, sff md ta, hay ky nang cd dffde nhd trai nghidm hay thdng qua giad due. Ngudn tri thffc ddi dao tidm tang trong dgi ngu giang vien (GV) dffdng nhff bi qudn lang, nguyen nhan chinh la do thieu quy che' va cac chinh sach chffa phu hdp, thieu sff khuye'n khich tff phia lanh dao. Mot bd phan khdng nho GV lam vide thie'u sff say me, sang tao, sff dot pha de lam mdi minh, lam mdi td chffc, lam mdi nen giao due Viet Nam. Vdi ton chi
"Tri thffc - Dao dffc - Sang tao", la gia tri co't Idl de dffa HUTECH phat trien va xac lap vi tri la trffdng dai hgc hang dau trong he thong giao due Viet Nam. De thuc day sff chia se tri thffc lai HUTECH thi ngay khi tuyen dung nhan sff, muc dich Idn nha't chinh la thu hut dii(ic ngudn nhan Iffc cha't Iffdng
td't, cu the la nhffng ngffdi cd tri thffc. Nhffng de khai thac va bie'n nhffng tri thffc trong tffng ca nhan dgc lap do trd thanh ngudn tri thffc chung cua td chffc, nham dat dffde muc lieu de ra thi dd mdi la yeu cau thffc id' hidn nay ciia quan ly ngudn nhan life trong xu thd quan tri in thffc.
Bai vid'l danh gia hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua GV HUTECH, ddng thdi, dffa ra mot sd kien nghi de hanh vi chia se dat dffde hieu qua cao nha't.
2. Ctf sd ly thuyet va phfftfng phap nghien cffu 2.1. Ccf sd ly thuyet
Theo Davenport va Prusak (1998) dinh nghia:
"Tri thffc la mot tap hdp bao gdm kinh nghidm, gia tri, thdng tin, va sff hieu bie't thdng thai ma cd thd giup danh gia va thu nap them nhffng kinh nghidm va thong tin mdi. Tri thffc dffde tao ra va ffng dung trong diu dc ciia nhffng ngffdi c6 no. Trong mot td chffc, tri thffc khdng chi dffde ham chffa trong cac van ban va tai lieu, ma con nSm trong thii tuc, quy trinh, thong Id, va nguyen ta'c cua td chffc do". Tri
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TAP CHI CUNG THIfdNG
thffc dffde diic ket tff thffc le, tri thffc la tam hidu biet va kie'n thffc cua con ngffdi. Nhffng dff lieu tho dffde con ngffdi due kd't va trd thanh in thffc, va tri thffc sff dung cu the cho mot muc dich nao do nham tao ra gia tri cho con ngffdi.
Dinh nghTa "tri thffc" cua Nonaka va Takeuchi (1995) cd pham vi rdng hdn va dffde cho la mdt qua trinh thffdng xuydn ciia con ngffdi trong vide bidn minh cho mem tin ca nhan dd'i vdi chan ly.
Theo cac tac gia nay, thdng tin la mdt dong chay cac thdng diep, va tri thffc dffde tao ra khi dong chay cac thdng diep nay iffdng tac vdi niem tin va sff cam ket cua chu nhan nhffng thdng diep trdn.
Chia se tri thffc dffde dinh nghia la sff trao ddi tri thffc (ky nang, kinh nghidm va sff hieu bie't) giffa cac ca nhan trong td chffc (Tsui va cac cdng sff, 2006), Geraint (1998) cho rang chia se tri thffc cd the giiip nhan vidn chia se sff bleu bie't va kinh nghiem de giiip nhffng dff an, ke'hoach hoan thanh mdt each nhanh chdng va tid'l kiem chi phi. Ngoai ra, chia se tri thffc lien quan den tffng ca nhan trong viec chia se vdi to chffc thdng tin, y iffdng, de xua'l va sff thanh thao de'n nhffng ngffdi khac.
Theo Maponya (2004) chi ra rang chia se tri thffc dffa Iren kinh nghidm thu dffde trong qua trinh lam vide trong va ngoai id chffc. Nd'u in thffc c6 s2n trong cac thanh vien, id chffc se giam thieu td'i da cac quyd't dinh iriing lap va giai quyd't va'n de se nhanh hdn. Cac hoat ddng chia se tri thffc hieu qua se giup tai sff dung tri ihffc cua tffng ca nhan va nang cao iri thffc len mdt lam cao mdi.
Hinh 1: Cdc ye'u td anh hUdng den sU chia se tri thdc cua GV HUTECH
(Khen thudng
Nguon: Tdc gic 2.2. Phuong phdp nghien cdu
Viec phan tich dffde tid'n hanh qua 3 bffdc: Bifdc 1: Sff dung he so' tin cay Cronbaeh's Alpha de kiem dinh mffc do chat che cua cac thang do iffdng quan vdi nhau; Bffdc 2: Sff dung phifdng phap phan tich nhan to kham pha (EFA) dd kiem dinh cac
nhan td'anh hffdng va nhan dien cac nhan Id dffcfc cho la phu hdp vdi viec phan dch hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua giang vien; Bffdc 3: Sff dung mo hinh hdi quy da bid'n de danh gia anh hffdng cua tCfng nhan to' tdi hanh vi chia se tri thffc.
Dff lidu dffde thu thap thdng qua la'y mSu tn/c dep bang bang cau hoi dd'i vdi 393 giang vidn lai HUTECH. Thdi gian tid'n hanh phong van tff thang 01/2018 den thang 12/2018. Tdng cdng cd 393 bang khao sat difdc phat ra, sd' Iffdng bang khao sal thu ve la 393. Trong dd, cd 22 bang khong hdp Id, cdn lai 371 bang. Ta't ca dff lieu thu thap dutlc xff ly bang phIn mem SPSS 20.
Tac gia da si!f dung thang do Likert 5 mffc dp de ddn gian va de hieu hdn dd'i vdi GV. Thang do dffde quy ffdc tff 1 - Hoan loan khong ddng y den 5 - Ra't ddng y.
3. Kd't qua nghidn cffu
3.1. Kiem dinh do tin cay Cronbaeh's Alpha Ke't qua kiem dinh thang do cho tha'y, 36 bie'n quan sat ddu cd hd sd' iffdng quan bid'n tdng ldn hdn 0.3, cac thang do deu c6 he sd' Cronbaeh's Alpha ldn hdn O.S.Dieunay cho tha'y ring cac cau hdi dffde sff dung trong bang can hoi khao sal dam bao do tin cay cao, giff nguyen cho phan lich EFA tid'p theo. (Bang 1).
3.2. Ket qua phdn tich nhdn td
Phan tich nhan to' EFA nham rut gon bie'n quan sal va kiem tra sff hdi tu ciia thang do. Kd't qua phan tich EFA bie'n ddc lap va bien phu thugc difdc trinh bay difdi day:
He so' KMO trong phan tich bang 0.929>0.6, cho tha'y kd't qua phan nh2n Id' la phil hdp. Kiem dinh Bartlett's Test cd he sd Sig=0.000<0.05, chffng to cac bie'n quan sal cd md'i quan h6 chat che vdi nhau. Hd sd' Eigenvalues ciia yeu id thff 6 bang 1.112>1, the hidn sff hgi tu ciia phep phan tich dffng 6 ye'u Id' thff 6, Phffdng sai trich = 67.123 % the hien 6 nhan to thd giai thich dffde 67.123 % sff bie'n thien ciia dff lieu khao sat ban dau, day la mffc y nghia 6 mffc phu hdp.
He sd Eigenvalues cua yen to'thff 1 = 3.531 >l, the hien sif hdi tu cua phep phan tich dffng d yeu to' thff 1, hay kd't qua phan lich cho tha'y cd 01 yeu td' dffde trich ra tff dff lieu khao sal Nhff vay, k^t
', 20/9
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Bdng 1. Kiem djnh dp tin cgy cua thang do Ky
higu NT LVN DN QL GK KT CS
Khoan muc
Niem tin Lam viec nhom Giao tiep v6i dong ngtiiep Su ung tip cua quan ly cap cao Sy gan ket
He thong khen thuclng Chia se tri thiic
Cronbaeh's Alpha cac khoan muc neu b| loai
0.776-0.806 0 844 - 0.864 0.852-0.890 0.848 - 0.866 0 821 - 0.848 0.855-0.882 0.864 - 0 883
Cronbaeh's Alpha 0.824 0.873 0.892 0.880 0.867 0.894 0.896 'guon: Phdn tich tU dii lieu dieu tra ciia tdc gid, ndm 2019
qua phan lich ye'u td vdi bid'n phu thudc cung ihe hidn sff tin cay cao, chi cd mdt ye'u id' dffde dffa ra iff cac bid'n quan sat cua thang do chia se tri thffc the hien bidn phu thudc cua md hinh.
4. Kd't qua phan tich md hinh hdi quy tuyd'n tinh
Ke'l qua Bang 2 cho tha'y, gia tri he so' R- la 0,51, nghTa la md hinh hdi quy tuye'n tinh da xay dffng phu hdp vdi dff lieu la 51%. Vi vay, cac gia
tri bid'n quan sat trong nghidn cffu giai thich dffde 51 % hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua GV HUTECH. Kiem dmh Durbin Watson = 2,708 trong khoang [1<D<3], ndn khdng cd hien tffdng tffdng quan cac phan dff. (Bang 2).
Nhff vay, ket qua phan tich hdi quy da dam bao day dii cac yeu cau kiem dinh trong phan lich, VI the ma phffdng trinh hdi quy the hien mffc do anh hffdng cua cac ye'u to' trong md hinh dffde xay dffng nhff sau:
Md hinh hdi quy chuan hoa:
CS = 0.258NT + 0.293LVN + 0.1298DN + 0.306QL + 0.315GK+ 0.275KT 5. Kd't Iu3n va Itie'n nghi
Ke't qua nghien cffu cho tha'y, ca 6 nhan id' Niem tin, He thdng khen thffdng, Lam viec nhom, Giao tid'p ddng nghiep, Sff gan ke't, Sff ung hd quan ly ca'p cao deu cd anh hffdng ty Id thuan de'n hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua GV. Vi vay de nang cao hdn nffa hieu
Bang 2 Mo hinh
1
. Danh gid mCrc d p phu hdp c u a mo hinh hoi quy tuyen tinh d a bien R
.714a
R2 .510
R2 dieu chinh .502
H§ so'Durbin-Watson 1.480 Nguon • Phdn tich dii lieu dieu tra cua tdc gid, 2019 Bang 3. M6 hinh hoi quy cac yeu id anh hUdng den chia se tri thiJc
Mo htnh
(Constant) NT LVN DN QL GK KT
H§ so khong c^uan hoa B
-1 614E-16 .258 293 .298 .306 .315 .275
6$ Igch chuan .037 .037 .037 .037 .037 .037 .037
Hg Sichuan hoa Beta
.258 .293 .298 306 315 .275
Gia trit .000 7.039 7.971 8.105 8.347 8.592 7.482
Mi}c ynghT 1.000
.000 .000 .000 000 000 .000
Thong ke da c$ng tuy^n H$ so Tolerance
1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1000 1 000
VIF
1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Ngudn. Phdn tich dii lieu dieu tra ciia tdc gid. 2019
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TAP CHi CONG T H I M H B
qua cua hanh vi chia se trong thdi gian tdi, nhom tac gia de xuat mot sd ham y quan tri nhff sau:
Thd nhdt, dd'i vdi nhan id' niem tin: Cac Khoa, Vien tai HUTECH nen thffc hidn dinh ky cac budi trao ddi kie'n thffc tai cac bd phan va chung cho loan cac Khoa, Vien. Thdi gian c6 the dffde thffc hien theo tffng thang, vao cac budi thff bay va chu nhat cud'i moi thang, qua do tao ra mdt hch sinh hoat khoa hoc thffdng xuyen, lidn luc cho cac GV.
Thd hai. dd'i vdi nhan Id' lam viec nhdm:
Nguyen tac trong qua irinh lam viec va chia se cua cac nhdm GV can phai dffde tdn trpng nha't dd la sff tdn trgng ciia cac thanh vien trong nhdm vdi nhau, sff chu y lang nghe, tid'p nhan nhffng y kie'n cua tffng thanh vien trong cac budi hop, trao ddi ide'n thffc, kinh nghiem. De lam td't dieu nay, trong sudt qua trinh hinh thanh va hoat dong cua nhdm, tinh ky luat, sff cdng bang trong viec phan cdng cdng vide, phat bidu va phan bien y kie'n deu can the hien dffde mot each day dii.
Thiiba. ddi vdi nhan td giao tie'p ddng nghiep:
Vi day cung la mdt yd'u td' quan trong nang cao tinh than doan kdt ciia nhffng ddng nghidp cung nhau vi muc lidu chung. Dao tao tffng GV lap sff each thffc truyen dat In thffc cd hidu qua, de hieu (thdng qua cac hoat dgng hffdng dan nSng cao kha nang didn dat, trinh bay, ihuydt trinh...) iff do giup nhffng GV lap sff cai thien kha nang cua minh de chia se tri thffc.
Thi'f tu. dd'i vdi nhan Id' sff quan lam ciia quan ly ca'p cao: Lanh dao cac Khoa, Vien lai
HUTECH c^n x&y dffng mdt quy clie danh gia ve hieu qua chia se tri thffc, Iffa chgn lam mdt trong nhffng lieu chi khen thffdng, de bat doi vdi cac GV. Dffa ra cac hinh thffc khuye'n khich da dang, khdng chi bang vide khen thffdng la tai chinh, ma cdn cd the bd sung thdm viec tich luy diem danh gia cud'i nam hoc trong boat dgng chia se In thffc, vdi mot mffc diem cao se cd nhffng hinh thiic khen thffdng rieng.
Thd ndm, dd'i vdi nhan td sff gSn ke't: De sff gan ke't hidu qua nha't trong viec chia se tri thffc, liitng Khoa, Vien can thiet ke' tao ra nhieu hoat dgng tai ddn VI hoac la Hen ke't cac Khoa. Vidn. To chifc hdi thao, Workshop, Seminar nang cao ky nang giang day, iruyen dat kid'n thffc de'n sinh vien.
Cung nhau ban bac thao luan de tao sff gan ket cao nha'l cd the tff dd nang cao sff tin tffdng de cung nhau chia se tri thffc lan nhau.
Thd sdu. dd'i vdi nhan Id' sff khen thffdng: Khoa, Vidn khuyd'n khich GV chia se tri thffc thdng qua He thd'ng khen thffdng hdp ly, sff ghi nhan dong gop lich cffc ciia GV trong qua trinh trao ddi tri thffc. Khdng chi bang viec khen thffdng bang tai chinh, ma con cd the bd sung them viec tich luy diem danh gia cud'i nam hgc trong boat dgng chia se tri Ihffc, vdi mot mffc diem cao se cd nhffng hinh thffc khen thffdng ridng. GV cam tha'y naag Iffc dffde lanh dao Khoa, Vien ghi nhan danh gia dung tff viec chia se tri thffc cho ddng nghidp. Tao ddng Iffc tich cffc cho nhffng boat dgng khac cua GV tai HUTECH •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO;
1. Cdnh ChiHodng, Ddo Vdn Xudn (2016). "Cdc ye'u tddnh hudng de'n hdnh vi chia se tri thUc ciia nhdn vien Ngdn hdng Sacombank khu vUc thdnh phd Ho Chi Mmh" Tap chi Kinh te'vd Du bdo. thdng 9/2016.
2. Bdi Thi Thanh (2014). "Cdc ye'u td dnh hUdng de'n lidnh vi chia se tn thUc vdi ddng nghiep cua gidng vien trong cdc trudng dai hoc". Tap chi Kinh te vd Phdt trien, 199, 71 - 79
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7. Bartol, K. M.. & Srivastava, A. (2002), "Encouraging knowledge sharing: The role of organizational leward systems ", Journal ofLeadship and Organisation Studies, 9(1)64-76.
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MlSQitarterly29(I),87-!Il.
Ngay nhSn bai: 20/3/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va sffa chffa: 30/3/2019 Ngay cha'p nhan dang bai: 9/4/2019
Thong tin tdc gia:
1. PGS. TS. N G U Y I N QUYET THANG Pho Chu tich Hiep h^i Dao tao du lich Viet Nam Trffdng Khoa Quan tri Du lich - Nha hang - Khach san Trffdng Dai hpc C6ng nghe TP. HCM (HUTECH) 2.BUITUANPHUCfNG
Phong Tai chinh - Trffdng Dai hoc cdng nghe TP. HCM
FACTORS AFFECTING THE KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR OF LECTURERS AT HO CHI MINH CITY
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
• Assoc. Prof. Ph.D NGUYEN QUYET THANG Vice President, Vietnam Toursim Education Association
Dean, Faculty of Toursim & Hospitoiily Management Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology
• BUI TUAN PHUONG
Department of Finance, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology ABSTRACT:
This article analyzes the factors affecting the knowledge sharing behavior of lecturers at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) by using qualitative and quantitative research methods and the SPSS Statistics 20. Results shows that there are six factors affecting the knowledge sharing behavior of the HUTECH's lecturers, namely belief, teamwork, communication with colleagues, support from senior managers, cohesion, reward system and sharing.
Keywords: Knowledge, knowledge sharing behaviour, lecmrers. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology.
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