1
•lg ti.1 lll« THAT In^AJ, m. 8-iognio n a^
MOT S 6 KET QUA BIEU TRA MCtt V t QUANG MANGAN
KHU VV'C LO-GAM (TUYEN QUANG - HA GIANG)TKAN VAN QUt, NGUYEN DINH M(JC Lien doat Bia chd. Bong Bic TP ThiiNguym
Tim lie a kku vuc Ld<ldm (Tuyin Quang - Ha Giang) ddphA hip, dugc M nhieu logi khoang sm kim logi ci gii tti 0-ong did cdc vimg mo mansxn Lang Bli Tuyen ^lang va Bong Tim. Ha Giang Co lii nguyen ttiong dii lin. Cfng lic * ira. ^ gia dang dugc Liln doan Bja ckil Bing Bie tkgc kifn a vimg Bong Tf, Cae^kel qua ikam divi khai lkicqu0,g mangan a vung Ldng Bii ddbi sung,hi nh,euta,l,eu vl qud ttinh Ihinh tgo vi dgc diim phm bf qugng mangm uong kh vuc Ottgngim^ci nguin ^ tt-im thh pkdn bittvng tgp di phiin tkgdlm vaquorot, a, ham lugng ngheo Qufng mangm nguin gic pkong hoi - thim fm P^ l^ ben tten eic ting di ckia qugng gie CO hmi lugng giiu kon Ou£
i^gaotgo nen 2 dii qufng klo dii ikeo phuong BB-TN (Bfng Tdm) xd TB-DK (LOngBa,).
Qujng mangan 6 miln Bic Vift Nam phin bo ttong 2 ving chi ylu: Tning Khinh - H j Lang (Cao Bing) v i Tuyfn Quang - H i Giang. Cic ving quing niy da duprc fliim do v i khai fliac quy md nhd dl s i dpng ttong luyfn kun, hoi chit v i xuit khiu. Trong khudn kho bii bio niy cic tic gii chi df cjp din mft sd kit qui dieu tia mdi ve qujng mangan khu vpc Ld-Gim (Tuyen Quang - H i Giang).
Qujng mangan khu vpc Ld-Glm Cfuyfn Quang - HI Giang) dupc cic nhi dja chit phit Ufn tu nhung nim 1960.
Sau dd, da dupc tiln hinh do vf dia chit tJ If 1/200.000 din 1/50.000 v i dilu tta dinh gii cU tilt Hifn nay, da xic dinh dupc ttrtmg doi ro nguon gdc ttiinh tao ttiinh phin vjt chit v i djc difm phan b l qujng, t i dd da djnh hudng dupc phuong phip ngUf n ciu, dilu tta, phuong phip tuyen, hudng s i dpng mpt each hpp IV v i khoa hpc.
1. DAC DIEM Q|A TANG CAC TANG CHI>*
MANGAN KHU VVTC L&<3AM
1. Vung qufng mangan Ling Bii, Tuyen Quang: Cic tic gii do vf bin dl dja chit tJ If 1/200.000 16 Bic Cjn (5] da xic djnh qujng mangan nim ttong ttim tich Ipc nguyfn - carbonat tuli Devon, tiiinh phin gim d i pUin silic, di phiin ttijch anh - sericit quarzit xen nhing Idp mdng qujng mangan (5-10 mm), diy 14 1 den 10 m.
2 Ving qufng mangan Bong Ttm, Ha Giang: Cic tic gii do vf bin di dja chit ty If 1/200.000 td Bic Quang - MS Quan [7] da xic djnh qujng mangan nim ttong trim tich lpc nguyfn bj biln chil yeu^ttioi Cambri giita, tiiinh phin gim di pUen Uijch anh, di phiin ttijch anh - sericit xen cac ldp mdng qujng mangan ( t i l-IO mm din 20-30 cm), bl diy t i vii mft din vii chpc mft (Hinh 1).
382
Htoh l.Sodo pkin bo quing mangan khu vuc Ld-Gim L O A C 0 £ M P H A N B O QUANG MANGAN
Qujng mangan khu vpc Ld-Glm tao thanh ddi trong trim tich lpc nguyfn tudi Devon vi Cambri kfo dii theo 2 phuons (Hinh 1):
1. Ving mo Ling Bii (Tuyin Quang):
Cac ttiin qujng kfo dii ttieo phuong TB- DN 14 km, rpng 1-1,5 km, ttfn dd cd 6 md va difm qujng (Ni P i t Thupng Giip, Pi Chjng, Hua Rom, N i Lum vi PUeng
Lang) vdi 69 than quing (ttong dd cd 67 ttian qujng gdc va 2 ttian quang eluvi- deluvi) cd chilu dii ttiay ddi t i 20 din 200 m, day 0,35-10,0 m, nim dudi dp siu tit 15 din 30, cd noi tdi 60 m (Hinh 2)
2 Ving mo Bong Tam (Hi Giang): Cic ttian qujng kfo dai ttieo phuong DB-TN, rpng t i vii chpc mft dfn hang km gdm 7 diem quang (Ddng Tim, Thdn Pha, Cdc Hfc, Tnmg Thanh, Ngpc Linh, Ngpc Minh
383
vi Ban Xim) va nUlu difm qujng nhd khac, vdi 13 than quang giic cd chilu tiii t i vii chuc dfn vii tram met; cUfu day cua cic thin qujng thay ddi t i 0,5 dfn vii chuc met (Hiieu sau tin tji cia cic thin quang thudng khdng ldn, khoing 30-40 m, cing xudng siu cic thin qujng thudng bj vat nhpn, ham lupng giam din (theo tii hfu moong khai ttlie khu Ddng Tim) [2] ( H i i i 3,4).
Qujng mangan khu vpc Ld-Gam dupc thanh tjo d cic djng tp nUf n sau [2,7]:
1. Qufng mangan tram Hch: xim tin ttong tiim tt'ch luc nguyfn; diy la loji
qujng phi biln, cd quy md khi ldn vi ci gii ttj kinh tf (d ving md Ding Tim).
Z Qufng mangan phong had Ih&t dong. nim ttong cic ddi c i n i t dit gjy, cil qua cic tjp da chua qujng gic tjo nen dc ttiln qujng cdng ngUfp cd chit lupng tot (phd biln d md Lang Bai), tjo nfn d c ttiln qujng dudi dang hjt vun nung eluvi-deluvi vi kft hjch phin bo tji cic sudn nii vi ttiung lung ^ d c ttian qujng gic. Loji qujng nay cd quy mo nhd, nhung cd chit lupng tdt va dieu kifn khai ttiic fliujn lpi.
MANG/JI^" PHAN VAT CHAT QUANG 1. Thinh phin khoing vjt qujng Tong hpp tai Ufu Uen cd cho ttiay qujng mangan khu vuc Ld-Gam cd 2 loji qujng tu nhifn 11: qujng mangan, phin bl ttong cac flian qujng gdc vi ttong eluvi-deluvi cd a Lang Bii (Tuyfn Quang) vi Ddng Tim (Hi 0 ^ 8 ) [2, 7]; vl qujng sit-mangan, phan bo ttong d c ttiln qujng gdc cd d Ding Tim [7]
^ Thinh phin khoing vjt qujng d khu vpc Ld-Glm gdm cic nhdm sau:
- Nhim hyd-oxil mangan-. gim psilomelan (MnO^MnOnHzO), li khoing vjt khi phi biln ttong qujng, ngoii ra it hon cdn c6 manganit (M112O3H2O).
- Nhim oxyt mangan: gim pyrolusit (MnCb), 11 khoing vjt chi ylu ttung cic fliln qujng mangan.
Ngoii ra cdn cd d c khoing vjt oxit vi hydroxit s i t Umonit goefliit
• Khodng vgt phi qugng-. chu ylu 11 ttijch anh.
^Qujng cd ciu tjo djng mach nhd, vd, vien, Uijn, lip diy, dim, ddi, mang mjch, chim nho, djc sit (dii vdi cic thin qujng phong h d ttiim dpng). Kiln ttic keo, in tinh, t d tia
2. Him lupng mangan
- Qufng mangan vimg Lang Bii: cd chit lupng t i t dat cU tifu cdng ngWfp cho sin xuit pm khd, luyfn kim vi hoa chat Him lupng (%): Mn = 15,90-47 73- Fe = 0,95-12,20; SiOj = 5,73-63,77; P = 0,039-0,384 [2].
- Qgfng mangan vimg Bfng Tdm: cd chit lupng kfm hon so vdi qujng Lang Bii. Him lupng (%): Mn » 8,11-31 82- TFe = 6,42-34,60; SiCb- 9,39-54 36- P = 0,06-0,84 (ttieo df i n Dieu tta, danh gii quSng mangan ving Dong Tam, huyfn Bfc Quang, tinh H i Giang, Lifn doan Dia - " • " • g Bic, 2009).
IV. NGUON GOC QUANG MANGAN Theo quan diim cia cic tic gii [5, 7], qujng nrangan khu vuc Ld-Gim cd 2'loji' nguon gdc khic nhau: nguin gdc ttim tich vi ngudn goc phong hoi ttiim dpng, ttung dd qujng phong hda thim dpng l i sin p h ^ flii sinh cia qujng ttim ti'ch. Cac tic gii cia bio cio [IJ; blo d o [2] va cic tic gii [3] till cho rJng qujng mangan cd nguin gic ttiim dpng tin du ddi cho cd bifu Ufn nUft dich (bifu hifn l i qujng mangan nim ttung ddi dira kft fliach anh, fliinh ;*in dim li flijch anh, qujng mangan li xi ming gin k i t lip day lo hdng) vi ngudn gdc ttim ti'ch.
Kft qui dial tta gin diy cho fliiy quing nmigan khu vpc Ld-Gara cd n g ^ n gdc ttim ti'ch, phin b l trong ttim ti'ch lpc nguyfn, tjo thanh ddi cd cUlu rfng khi Idn tu vii met dfn vii chpc mft phin ttfn mat cia ddi qujng li 0-10 m, cd cho 15 m dupc lim giiu t h i sinh. (Jujng mangan bj phong hoi vi fliim dpng, ti'ch tu flieo khe n i t mjt phin Idp cia d i luc nguyfn chua mangan nfn ham lupng mangan giiu hon d phin dudi sau (Hnh 2-5). Qua ttinh phong hda
L
385cac da xay ra dong thdi vdi qua tiinh tham dong dpc theo cac doi dap vo, ca nat, tao nen cac than quang mangan cong nghiep dien hinh a viing mo Lang Bai (Hinh 4) [2].
v.-raO-LUgwGvATAi N G U Y ^ QUANG MANGAN
Trir l u ^ g va tai nguyen viing mo Lang BM dat khoang 166.000 tSn qu^ng mangan [2],
Tij nam 1979, vung quang mangan Lang Bai
<E dirpc dua vao khai
ihac vi tiep tuc tim ki6m dfin nam 1985. Tii do dSn nay, chua CO cong trinh tim kidm tham dd tiSp ttieo. Tai mo L ^ B ^ dang khai thfc d d6 sau 30 m so voi b^ mat ^ hinh hi6n t^i, qu^ng vin ton tai d&i dp sau khoang 60 m, nhung b8 day giam dSn. Do mo khai ttiac Ip ttiien, n&i gid ttianh khai ttiac d dO sau Ion hon 30 m rat cao, nen chua ttiuc hiSn dugc.
Hinh 5. Qudng mangan trong tgp dd phiin thgch anh;
vung BSng Tdm. Hd Giang.
dang dupc dieu tra, danh gia k h o ^ san ty li 1/10.000. Tai nguyen dv bao ciia 7 di^n quang viing D6ng TSm udc d^t khoang tren 3 tri?u t ^ quang mangan vii s5t-mangan.
Cdc ket qui nghien ciiu neu tren cho ttiij qu§ng mangan khu vyrc L6-Gam c6 m$t sa d^c diem khac vdi quSng mangan viing Caa B ^ g ve tiianh ph§n vgt chit, d^u kifn tti^
t^o d§c diem phan bo, linh vvrc sii dyng
„ . . , . , lito a^c a Hi?n nay, viing qu?ng mangan Dong TSm ( g ^ g ly
Bang 1. So s^nh tfgc diem qugng mangan fr khu VMX: Ld-GSm vdi * vClng Cao Bing C&c djlc diim
Nguon goc m6 Bgc di^tn phfin b6 .Hinh thdi flifin qu^p;
Thfinh phan khofing v^t q u ^ g Thftnh phan hofi hpc
Linh vyc sir dyng
Khu vyc Lo Gam [2]
Tram tich, pbong hoi Ihira dgng, d6i cho c6 b i ^ h l ^ nhigt djch (qugng trong d6i dfim kit) Tram tich lyc nffliyen .Djpfi via, doi mgch, dan^ miJ.
Psilomelan, pyrolusit, manganit, jimonit Eoethit
Hfim lupng (%): Mn = 8,11-31,82;
Fe = 6,42-34,60; Si02 = 5,73-63.77- .P = 0,039-0.84
Cau t^od^c xit, d^ng mgch nh6, v6, Ih|n, 1 ^ dfiy, dgng dfim, d6i, mgng mgch, chiim nho. K i ^ trtc keo, In tinh. tofi tia
Thugc logi qu§ng mangan c6 hfim lirpng TFe cao. Luy§n fero- mangan, lam pin vfi cfic ngdnb cong nghiep khfic
vang Cao Bfing [6]
Trim tfch, phong hofi diim dgng
Trihn tJch carbonat vfi silic Pang via, fliiu kinh Manganit, pyrolusit, psilomelan, it goethit
Hfim lupng (%): Mn - 10.0-42.0;
Fe = 1,0-9,0; S i O j - 16,0-27,0;P
=-0.01-0J0
c l u tgo d$c xlt, 6, mgch. KM\
tnic keo d$c tnmg
L6n
HiuSc l o ^ qo^iu mangan
" ilil9iigTFethi^Luy^feg nvoigan, Um pin v^ cfic ngi cftig nfjhi^ kMc 386
>
I. QuSng mangan vung Lang Bai da duoc tim kiem, than d6 so b9. Da xac (finh dupc 6 mo va di&n quSng (g6m Na Pk, Thuong Giip, Pu Chjng, Hua Rom, Na Lum va Fhi&lg Lang) voi 69 than quang (trong do 67 than q u ^ g6c va 2 than quang eluvi- deluviX trong do co 2 mo da dupc tham do so bO (Na Pet va Phieng Lang, da duoc dua vio khai thac tir n t a 1979). Cac mo nay da dupc dinh gid kha chi tiet fi xac djnh dupc nguon g6c thanh lao mo; nil iupng mdi dii dupc tinh o cap C1+C2 (122+333), vi vay Irong (jui trinh khai thac cac m6 Iron d n phii tien hiih tMm dft b6 sung, danh gia chinh xic phin dam sau va diu tu diSu tra, dinh gii cac vung lin can (Minh Quang v4 Hing Quang, huy?n Chita Hoi) de bb sung Ihem tii nguyen cho vimg m6.
2. Qu|n^ mangan vung Ddng Tim: Kft qui bitiSE dau cua cong tic diiu tra, dinh gii khoing sin tJ 1| 1/25.000 viing Dong Tim vi vi|c thu th|p tai U?u cic d i i n mo d9 dupc c ^ p h ^ khai thic cho thiy:
- Vi dja ling: Ba xic djnh dupc quing mangan nJm trong trim tich luc nguyta bi bien cbk yeu c6 tuii Cambri giSa ( f t * h | ting £2 hg), thinh phin gim d i phita thsich anh, d i phiin thjich anh- sericit xen k?p cic lop quang mangan (1- 10 mm, c6 noi 20-30 cm), t^ thinh doi rSng vii m^t din vii chyc met.
- Ve ttiin vong: T n r * diy, n t a 1988 Boin Dia chit 112 thuOc Lien doan Dia chit I Ihi cdng phuong in T u n kiim qujng mangan Dong Tim, BSc Quang, Ha Tuyen"
[4] mdi chi tim Wim so bp ttta dipi tich 18 km ttong viing Ding T t a -vi da dung thi ctag 6 buiSc 2, l§p bio cio Ihdng tin kit luin qujng mangan Ding T t a khong c6 gia tti cdng nghi^ do h t a lupng mangan thip
<lui>i 20%, h t a lupng sit cao.
^ Vdi tii B ^ h i ^ nay, ving qujng mangan Dong T t a cd ttien vpng khi Idn keo dii tit Ding Tim, Bic Quang qua Vj Xuyta keo
sang Bic Me vdi chiiu dai khoang 30 km rpng tir vai chiic net ik, hang km va chiiu day cac than quang ldn tir 0,5 m dta hang chuc met Vi v$y, cin diu hi diiu tra, dinh gja vitag ddng bic Vi XiflCT di Bm sing td hon VE quy nio phan btcladai quSng niy va tang thtai tai nguyta mangan dia khu vucLo-Gint
- VI lmh vttc su dgng: Quing mangan khu vuc Ld-Gta thupc loai quing cd h t a tapng Fe kha cao (6,42-34,60%). Hita nay, cac cosd khai thac 0 Ding Tim, Vi X i ^ n , H i Giang mdi cfai cd cong ngU h ^ de liy quang mangan, cdn quing oxit sit (limonit v4 goethit) chua tich dupc v4 bi thai ra cung d i t d a . D o v a y , d l n c d d i t i i nghita ciiu khi ning su dymg loai quing oxit sit di ktai de dua vio sii dyng, tt4ih ling phi a i nguyen nhu hita nay.
Bai via dupc hoan thinh vdi s\r gdp siic ciia cic cin bp kji thuat di in "Dieu tta dinh gii qujng mangan vimg Dong T t a " . Ket qui nghita diu da chiing minh cho djo diim va sir phin bo ciia qujng mangan khu vyc Lo-Gim, ding thdi dugc su quan t t a t^o dita kipi va ddng gdp cic y kiin quJ biu cua GS.TS. Tran van Tn, TS. Nguyin Thinh Van, TS. Trin Tit Thing va cic ciu bp khoa hpc ky thujt Cye Dia chit vi Khoing sin Vi?t Nam, ciia Bnh d?o Lita doin Dja chit Ddng Bic, phdng Kj? thujt Lita doan Dia chit Dong Bic. Cic tic gii xin chin thinh c t a on.
VAN U f u I. Ma Cong L | (Chi bien), 1983. Bio cio T h t a dd so bp md mangan N4 Pit, Hi Tuyta LuutriiBia chdt. HaNfi
Z Nguy&i Duy Quang (Olrji biln), 1985.
Bio cio Tun kian a mi md mangan Ling Bii, mTiiym. Luu tta Bia chit, HaNfi
3. Nguyin Dinh Can (Chi biln), 1994.
Bao cio Dja chit v i khtAig sin nhdm td Viiih Tuy - Bic Quang ty 1^ 1:50.000. Luu na Bja cha. Ha Nfl
387
4. Nguyen Due Sanh (Chi biln), 1988. 6. Ngnyin Quang Chinh (Chu bUn]
Bio cio thdng tm Ket qui dia chat thi cong 2004. Bio cio Dinh gii qujng mangan ci phuong in tun kiem mangan Dong Tam, H i viing Trung Khinh v i H ? Lang, irm OS ffl Toyin. Luu Iru Bia chdt. HaNfl chit, HiNfi
5. Nguyai Kinh Quoc (Chi blSn), 2001. 7. Trin Xttyin (Chi bUn), 2001 Bi.
Ban d i (fia chatter Bac Cgn l:?le 1/200.000. d i dja chit 16 Ma Quan - Bic Quang tv It CucBC&KS VN, HdNgi 1/200.000. CgcBC&KS VN, HiNfi
SUMIVIARY
New lesuHs of investigation on manganese ores in the L6 Gim area (TuySn Quang - Hi Giang)
Trdn Vdn Quy, Nguyin Dinh Mfc to the Ld-Gta area (Tuy6n Quang and Ha Giang Province) many valuable mineral occunences were discoveted, taong them there is the Ling Bii (Tuyta Quang) and Ding Tam (Ha Giang) manganese deposits of promising tadusttial scale. The survey and ajessment of mmerals is being carried out by the East Bic BO Geological Division in the 7 « ^ J f ° f ^ '^Vnsd with the results of geological mapping at 1/200,000 and 1/30,000 scales and of mvestigation, evaluation and exploration of mtaerals m larger scale a lot of matenak on fte process of creation and disttibution of manganese ores ta the are^
have b « n supplemented. The manganese ores of sedtaientary origto located ta fte member of quartz schist and quartzite are of poor content. Those of vreaftering and precipitation ongm are located over fte ore-bearing member have richer content. The mato composition of m a n g a n ^ ores consists of Mn = 8-31%; Fe = 6-34%; fte ftickness of ore-bearing mmbo- IS fiom 0.5 to tens of metira, and its Idii tir chyc mdt din hing ngin maength - ftmn tens to thousands of mettes.QuJng phin bd ttong ddi c i nit ciia dlit giy tao nta 2 ddi qujng d^uig chuoi m ^ h khdng hta tyc fteo phuong ddng bic tiy nam v i phuong tiy bic dong n t a Manganese ores form two ore rones of discontinuous veins and veta lattices, cxtendmg m fte NE-SW (Ding T t o ) and NW-SE (Ling Bii) directions. Based on stuS results, the survey, evaluation, exploration and proposals on flie use of manganese ores torn flus area have been set forft
Ngudi biln Ifp: Trdn Tat Thing