:, T R A N H C H A P VA. O l A I Q U Y E T T R A N H C H A P P H A T S I N H T L l H O A T D p N O rvlUA B A N H A N G H O A Q U A S d O I A O D I C H
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ua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich la mdt phuong thuc kinh doanh dugc su dung rpng rai d nhilu nude trSn t h l gidi. Sd giao dich hang hoa la mdt nid hinh thich hgp dap ung nhu c§u tao ra thi trudng mua ban hang hoa khdi lugng Idn chuyen nghiep, cdng khai va minh bach. Ket qua giao dich mua ban hang hoa thyc hien thdng qua Sd giao dich thl hien ro quan he cung cau tren tiu trudng ddi vdi nhftng loai hang hoa dugc giao dich. Ban diu, vdi vai trd la thi trudng ban budn cac hang hda tieu chuin vdi khdi lugng Idn, Sd giao dich hang hda da ra ddi va hoat ddng tft each day vai tram nam (Sd giao dich liia gao Dojima tai Osaka - Nhat Ban nam 1710, Sd giao dich hang ndng pham Chicago - Hoa Ky nam 1848. ..)• Ngay nay, cac Sd giao dich hang hda trd thanh cac trung tam giao dich khdng chi hang hda ma cdn cac cdng cu tai chinh phai sinh. Vi thS, cac Sd giao dich hang hoa ngay cang phat trien ca ve sd lugng lan quy md boat ddng, thu hut sy tham gia cua ddng dao cac nha kinh doanh tren the gidi. Tuy nhien, ciing gidng nhu mgi giao dich thuang mai khac, khi giao dich mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich rat d l nay sinh tranh chap gifta cac nha kinh doanh vdi nhau hoac vdi cac chu the cd lien quan. V i n de dat ra la phai nhan dien dugc nhftng tranh chap trong boat dgng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich, lam rd cac dac thu cua chiing de ap dung phuong thftc giai quyet thich hgp nhim bao ve quyen, lgi ich hgp phap cua cac ben tham gia giao dich, ciing nhu bao dam sy lanh marih trong hoat ddng cua Sd giao dich hang hoa.TS Vu Thi Lan Anh'
1. K h a i niem va d a c diem cua t r a n h chap p h a t sinh tir hoat dong m u a bdn hang hoa q u a Sd giao dich
Viec mua bdn hang hoa gifta cac thuong nhan, du la mua ban tryc tiep hay thdng qua Sd giao dich deu phai dugc thyc hien tren co sd hgp ddng. Bdi vay, tranh chip trong boat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich chinh la cdc tranh chap hgp ddng. Cung can luu y rang: do Sd giao dich hang boa dugc td chftc dudi hinh thftc cdng ty TNHH hoac cdng ty cd phan^ bdi vay, trong qud trinh td chftc quan ly, boat dgng cua Sd cd the nay sinh cdc tranh chap trong ngi bg Sd giao dich gifta nhung ngudi gdp vdn vdi nhau hoac vdi chinh ban thSn cdng ty. Day la tranh chip trong ndi bg cdng ty, khdng phai la tranh chap phat sinh tft boat dgng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hoa, vi vay, khdng dugc de cap tdi trong bai vilt nay.
Tham gia vao boat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich cd nhilu chu t h l khac nhau nhu: thanh vien mdi gioi, thanh vien kinh doanh, ngudi uy thac mua ban hang hod, Tnmg tam thanh toan va Trung tam giao nhSn hang hoa (trudng hop cdc trung tam ndy khdng phai la don vi true thudc Sd giao dich). Cdc giao dich dupe thilt lap giua cdc chu the lien quan den boat ddng mua bdn hang hod cung het sftc da dgng, do cd t h l la hgp ddng ky ket giua nha mdi gidi vdi thanh vien kinh doanh; gifta nha mdi gidi vdi ngudi cd nhu cau mua - ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich; gifta thanh vien kinh doanh vdi ngudi uy thac mua ban hang hoa; gifta cac thanh
' P. Hieu tnifing, Tnr^mg D^i hpc Luat Hk NOi
= Xem Dieu 6 Nghi dinh 158/2006/ND-CP ng^y 28 thSng 12 nam 2006 quy djnh chi tik LuSt thuooig m?i vl hoJit d^ng mua b^n hang hod qua Scr giao djch hing hoa.
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vien kinh doanh vdi nhau v.v... Cac tranh chip phat sinh tft nhirng hgp ddng nay diu cd thl coi la tranh chap trong hoat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich.
Trong qud,trinh thyc hien cac hgp ddng ndi tren, cd thl mdt hoac cac ben khdng thyc hien hoac thyc hien khdng dung, khdng day du cac nghia vu cua minh. Neu hai ben khdng thdng nhit vl each thftc xft ly hanh vi vi phgm thi gifta cac ben cd the nay sinh nhftng mau thuSn, bit ddng lien quan den viec thyc hien quyen va nghia vu theo quy dinh cua hgp ddng hoac quy dinh cua phap lugt, tftc la tranh chip phat sinh. Nhu vgy, hilu theo nghTa khai quat nhat thi tranh chdp trong hogt dgng mua bdn hdng hod qua S&
giao dich dugc hieu Id nhirng xung dot vi lgi ieh kinh ti giira cdc giira cdc chu thi tham gia hogt dgng mua bdn hdng hda qua S&
giao dich, phdt sinh tic viic khdng thyc hien, thyc hiin khdng diing, khdng day du ede quyen vd nghia vu theo hgp ddng dugc xdc lap giira cdc chu thi do.
Tft khdi ni^m tren, cd the thay tranh chap trong hoat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich cd cac dgc diem sau day:
Thu nhdt, tranh chap trong hogt ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hod thyc chat la cac tranh chap hgp ddng vdi bieu hien ben ngoai la nhung mau thudn, bit ddng y kiln phdt sinh gifta cdc ben do mgt ben vi pham cdc nghia vu cua minh va ngi dung ben trong la nhftng xung dot ve lgi ich kinh te giua cdc ben tham gia quan he hgp ddng;
Thii hai, chu the cua tranh chip hgp ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich thudng la cac thuong nhan', bdi vay, cdc tranh chap trong boat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich chu yeu mang tinh chit cua tranh chap thuang mai (hay nhu each gpi cua Bg
luat td tyng dan su la tranh chap ve kinh doanh, thuong mai);
Thie ba, hoat ddng mua bdn hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hoa la hoat ddng kinh t^
phuc tap, gdm nhieu cdng doan khac nhau va vdi sy tham gia cua nhieu chu the khac nhau.
Bdi vay, tranh chap trong boat dgng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich khdng don gian chi la tranh chap hgp ddng mua ban hang hoa ma cd the la tranh chap phat sinh tu quan he thanh todn, quan he van chuyen hay quan he giao nhan...
Thir tu, viec giai quyet tranh chap trong boat ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich chiu sy dieu chinh cua cac quy djnh phap luat cd lien quan va Quy che boat dpng cua Sd giao dich, bdi le boat ddng mua ban hang boa qua Sd giao dich bi chi phdi true tilp bdi nhftng quy tac boat ddng cua Sd giao dich.
2. Phan lo^i tranh chap phat sinh tir giao dich mua ban hang hoa qua Sff giao dich
Nhu phan tr8n da d6 cap, do tinh chat da dang cua cdc loai hgp ddng dugc ky ket trong boat ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich ma cac tranh chap phdt sinh cung rat phong phli. Cdc tranh chap khac nhau cd co che giai quyet khac nhau (tai tda an hay trpng tai), lugt ap dung khac nhau tuy thudc vao tinh chat hgp ddng. Do dd, cin phai phan loai cac tianh chap nay de giup nhan dien chinh xdc ndi dung, tinh chat, thanh phin chu the cua tranh chap cung nhu xac dinh co che giai quylt thich hgp.
Cd the phdn chia cdc tranh chip phdt sinh tu giao dich mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hod thanh cac nhdm chu yeu sau day:
' Theo quy dinh ciia Luat Thirong mai nSm 2005, mpt s6 trucmg hpp mpt ban trong hgp d6ng khong nhit thiit phai ik thuong nhan, vi du ben dupe moi gioi, b6n uy thic ...
(i) Tranh chap phat sinh tu /jpp ddng mua bdn hdng hod qua Sd giao dich gifta cac thanh vien kinh doanh voi nhau;
(ii) Tranh chap phdt sinh tu hgp ddng uy thdc mua ban hdng hod qua Sd giao dich giua thanh vidn kinh doanh va ngudi uy thac;
(iii) Tranh chap phdt sinh tft hgp ddng mdi giai mua bdn hdng hod qua Sd giao dich giua thanh vien mdi gidi va ngudi dugc mdi gidi;
gifta thanh vien mdi gidi va thanh vien kinh doanh;
(iv) Tranh chap phdt sinh tft hijp ddng dich vu bao gdm: hgp ddng dich vu giua Sd giao dich vd thanh vien Sd giao dich; hgp ddng dich vu thanh toan hoac giao nhan hang hod gifta Sd giao dich vdi Trung tam thanh toan/Trung tdm giao nhan hang hoa dgc lap trong trudng hgp Sd giao dich uy quyen cho td chftc khac thyc hien dich vu thanh toan hoac giao nhan hang hoa theo quy dinh tai Dieu 26 va Dieu 29 Nghi dinh sd 158/2006/ND-CP ngay 28 thang 12 nam 2006 quy dinh chi tiet Luat thuong mai ve boat dgng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hod.
3. Cac hinh thirc giai quyet tranh chap phat sinh trong hoat dgng mua ban hang hoa qua So* giao dich hang hoa
Cac tranh chap phat smh tft hoat ddng mua ban hang hoa tu Sd giao dich phai dugc giai quyet thoa dang de bao ve quyen va lgi ich hgp phap cua cdc ben tranh chap, bao dam su van hanh trdi chay cua Sd giao dich. Ciing nhu ddi vdi viec giai quyet cdc tranh chap thuang mai ndi chung, viec gidi quyet tranh chap phdt sinh tft boat dgng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich phai ddp ftng dugc cdc yeu cau CO ban sau day:
- Viec giai quyet tranh chdp phai nhanh chdng, chinh xac, kip thdi, khdng lam gian doan cdc boat ddng kinh doanh;
9inl|c »iiAt - Ton trgng quyen ty dinh doat, ty thoa thuan cua cac ben tranh chap;
- Cd kha nang dam bao bi mat kinh doanh cung nhu uy tin kinh doanh cua cac ben tranh chdp;
- Phuang an giai quyet tranh chap phai c6 gia tri thi hanh cao;
- Thu tuc giai quyet phai dap ftng dugc cac dac thu cua boat ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich, phii hgp vdi thdng le qudc te.
Khi tranh chap phat sinh, nhung ngudi kinh doanh tren Sd giao dich ludn mong mudn ring sd giao dich cd mdt he thdng giai quy§t tranh chdp don gian, minh bach do mgt ben dgc lap vd vd tu tien hanh.
Do cac tranh chap phat sinh trong hoat dgng mua bdn hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hod la cdc tranh chdp thuong mg,i nen nhin chung, cac hinh thuc giai quyet tranh chap cung tuong tu nhu ddi vdi cdc tranh chdp thuong mgi khac. Cac ben tranh chap cd the giai quyet nhiing tranh chdp phdt sinh trong ITnh vyc nay thdng qua mdt hoac ket hgp mgt s6 hinh thftc sau day:
(i) Thuang lugng: Thuong lugng la hinh thftc giai quyet tranh chap thuong mai, theo dd cac ben tranh chap ty ban bac, thoa thudn vdi nhau ve phuong an cham dut xung dot dS phdt sinh giua hg va ty nguyen thi hanh phuong an do ma khdng can sy tham gia cua ngudi thft ba.
(ii) Hod gidi: Hoa gidi la hinh thftc gidi quyet tranh chap, theo dd cac ben tranh chdp thod thudn vdi nhau ve giai phap cham dftt xung dot dudi sy hd trg, giftp do cua ngudi thu ba - ngudi trung gian. Thdng thudng, cdc ben yeu cau Sd Giao dich dung ra lam tmng gian vi theo khoan 10 Dieu 15 Nghi dinh 158/2006/ND-CP, Sd giao dich hang hod cd quyen lam trung gian hoa giai theo yeu ciu
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cua cac ben khi phat sinh tranh chdp lien quan den hogt ddng mua ban hang boa qua Sd Giao dich hang hda. Tuy nhien, cac ben hoan toan cd quyen yeu cau ngudi thft ba khac lam trung gian hoa giai cho hp. Thu tuc nay khdng phai ia bat bugc. Thdng thudng d cac nude, mdt sd cdc sd giao dich quy dinh rang khi tranh chap phat sinh, trudc tien mgt/cac ben phai nop khieu nai den hgi ddng (panel) trung gian hda giai do Sd giao dich thanh lap de hdi ddng nay xem xet khieu nai. Neu hdi ddng khdng giai quyet dugc tranh chap trong mgt khoang thdi gian cy the nao dd, vi du mdt thang thi mpt trong hai ben cd the dua vu viec len giai quyet tai trgng tai hoac tda an. Qui dinh nhu nay de cao vai trd, ddng thdi tang trdch nhiem cua Sd giao dich trong viec giai quyet nhiing xung dot gifta cac ben tham gia Sd giao dich.
(iii) Trgng tdi thuang mgi: Trgng tai thuong mai la hinh thuc giai quyet tranh chap dugc thyc hien tren co sd cac ben tranh chap ty nguyen thoa thudn vdi nhau de dua vu viec ra giai quyet tai trgng tai thuang mai va hdi ddng trgng tai dugc quyln ra phan quylt bit huge cac ben tranh chap phai thi hanh. Tham quyen giai quyet tranh chap cua trgng tai thuang mgi khdng phu thudc vao noi cu tni hay tru sd cua cdc ben, noi cd tai san hay noi thuc hien hgp ddng.
Theo quy dinh cua phap luat hien hanh thi dieu kien de trgng tai tham gia giai quylt tranh chap la: (i) tranh chap phai la tranh chip thuong mai va cac ben tranh chip phai la cd nhdn, td chuc cd dang ky kinh doanh; (ii) cdc ben tranh chap cd thoa thuan trpng tai cd hieu lye. Nhu vay, khdng phai mpi tranh chip phat smh trong boat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hoa deu cd thl giai quylt bing trgng tai thuang mai.
(iv) Tod dn:
Toa an la hinb thftc giai quylt tranh chip thuang mai mang tinh truyln thing va khd
phd bien d nude ta. Toa an la co quan tai pha cd tham quyen duong nhien trong viec gia quyet tranh chap, trong dd cd tranh chap ph^
sinh tft boat ddng mua bdn hang hod qua S(
giao dich. De dp dung hinh thftc nay, cac bei tranh chap khdng can phai thoa thuan vo nhau. Phan quyet cua Toa an cd tinh cuon|
chi thi hdnh, neu cac ben khdng ty nguygn th hanh thi se cd co quan nha nude (thi hanh an^
cudng che thi hanh.
4. Phap luat ve giai quyet tranh chiji phat sinh trong hoat dgng mua ban han^
hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hoa Phap luat ve giai quyet tranh chdp phai sinh trong hoat ddng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hod Id tdng hgp cdc quy pham phdp luat do nha nude ban hanh hoac thfta nhan nham dieu chinh cac quan he xa hpi phat sinh trong viec giai quyet tranh chap hgp ddng trong hogt dgng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich hang hod. Nhin chung, neu hieu theo nghTa rdng thi phap luat ve giai quyet tranh chap bao gid cung gdm hai bo phan cdu thanh co ban la phap luat npi dung (ludt vat chat) va phdp luat hinh thftc (luat ti tung).
a) Phdp ludt ngi dung
Phap luat ngi dung dp dung cho viec giai quyet tranh chap phat sinh tft boat dgng mua bdn hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hoa la tap hgp cdc quy dinh trong cac van ban phap luat khdc nhau dieu chinh quan he hgp dong cd phdt sinh tranh chip. Phu thudc vao tinh chat vd ngi dung cua hgp ddng cd tranh chap ma dp dung cac van ban phdp luat phii hop, vi du:
- Ddi vdi cac tranh chap phat sinh tu hgp ddng mua bdn hdng hod, hgp ddng uy thdc mua bdn hdng hod, hgp ddng mdi gidi mua ban hdng hod thi luat chung duoc dp dung la Bg luat dan sy nam 2005. Trong trudng hop chu the hgp ddng thudc ddi tugng dp dung cua
So thang •i/2016 - Nam thgMifai MQl
Luat Thuong mai theo quy dinh cua Dieu 2 Luat Thuong mai nam 2005 thi cdc van ban luat ap dung se la Bg luat Ddn sy, Luat Thuong mai va cac vdn ban hudng dan cd lien quan ma trudc hit la Nghi dinh sd 158/2006/ND-CPngay 28 tiiang 12nam2006 quy dinh chi tiet Luat Thuong mai ve boat dgng mua ban hang hod qua Sd giao dich hang hod, Thdng tu 03/2009/TT-BCT hudng dan thi hanh Nghi dinh 158/2006/ND-CP Luat Thuong mai la lugt chuyen ngdnh dugc uu tien ap dung trudc; nhung van dl nao Luat Thuong mai khdng quy dinh thi dp dung Bp ludt Dan sy theo nguyen tac Lex specialis derogat general! (luat chuyen nganh thay the cho luat chung)''
- Ddi vdi cdc tranh chap phat sinh tft quan he thanh todn hoac giao nhdn hang hoa trong khudn khd thuc hien mdt trong cac hgp ddng ke tren thi ngodi cdc quy dinh trong Bd ludt Ddn su, Luat Thuong mg.i va cac van ban hudng dan thi hanh nhu da de cap d tren thi trong timg trudng hgp cu the cdn dp dung cdc quy dinh chuyen nganh lien quan tdi ITnh vuc tiianh toan hoac van chuyen.
b) Phdp ludt hinh thice
Phap luat hinh thftc Id nhftng quy dinh ve trinh tu, thu tuc giai quyet tranh chap bang mgt hinh thftc nhat dinh. Phy thudc vdo hinh thftc giai quyet tranh chdp, co quan giai quyet tranh chap ma lugt hinh thftc cd the la Bd luat Td tung dan sy, Ludt Trgng tai thuong ma,i.
Vi du, ddi vdi quan he hgp ddng uy thdc mua bdn hang hoa qua Sd giao dich, neu mdt trong cac ben cd boat dgng thuang mai (la thuang nhan) va gifta cdc ben cd thoa thudn trgng tai cd hieu lye thi tranh chap se dugc gidi quyet tgi trpng tai thuang mgi va lugt td tung dp dyng la Luat Trpng tai thuong mai. Nhung neu cac ben khdng cd thda thugn trpng tdi tbi
CO quan tai phan cd tham quyen giai quyet tranhchip la Toa an va ludt td tung ap dung la Bg ludt Td tung dan sy.
5. Thyc trang hoat dpng ciia cac Sd" giao dich hang hoa of Viet Nam va kha nang phat sinh tranh chap phat sinh tu hoat ddng mua ban hang hoa qua Sd giao dich
Trudc day, mdt so san giao dich da hinh thanh d Viet Nam nhung da that bgi tham hai nhu San giao dich dudng cua Cdng ty cd phan giao dich hang hda Sai Gdn Thuong Tin (STE); Trung tam Giao dich Thuy san Can Gid (Cangio ATC) do khdng cd khdch giao dich. Hien nay, d Viet Nam chinh thftc cd hai san giao dich hang hod dugc cdp phep va dang hogt ddng la Sd giao dich hang hda Vi6t Nam (VNX) cip gidy phep nam 2010; Sd giao dich hang hda Info Comex cua Tap dodn Ocean - nam 2013 deu dugc phep giao dich ddi vdi 3 mat hang: ca phe, cao su vd thep.
Hoat dgng cua cac sd Giao dich hang hda d Viet Nam hien nay chi dimg lai d viec td chftc boat ddng giao dich hang hda tuong lai trong nude vdi khdi lugng khiem tdn. Vi du, trong sau thang dau nam 2012, boat ddng giao dich ciia Sd Giao dich hdng hda Viet Nam chi dat gdn 894 ty ddng. Trudc su eo upt ciia cfta cdc Sd giao dich, Chinh phu quyet tam tao khudn khd phdp ly hodn chinh cung nhu nhiing dieu kien thugn lgi de thiic ddy boat ddng cua cdc Sd giao dich hang hda, dac biet chii trgng sy lien thdng vdi cac san giao dich tren the gidi.
Thdng 3 nam 2015, Sd Giao dich ca phe, hang hod Budn Ma Thugt - BCCE da chinh thuc di vao hoat ddng, sau khi dugc chuyen ddi tft Trung tam Giao dich cd phe Budn Ma Thudt. Muc tieu cua BCCE la mpi giao dich se dugc ket ndi true tiep vdi San giao dich hang hda Liffe (Anh) va Chicago Mercantile Exchange (My). Khi dd ca phe Viet Nam se
' Nguyen tic nay da duac dupe cu th^ hoa trong DiSu 4 LuJit thucmg mai nam 2005.
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theo sat gia thl gidi, xda bd hien tugng ep gia ddi vdi ngudi san xudt ca phe, cung nhu giam bdt tinh trang bi gidi diu co lam gia... Tuy nhien, tren thuc tl, BCCE sau mgt nam chinh thuc chuyin ddi, den nay van chua thyc hien xong viec gdp vdn nen chua cd bat eft hoat ddng nao.
Sy am dam cua thi trudng mua ban hang hda qua Sd giao dich cd the dugc ly giai bdi cdc nguyen nhdn sau ddy:
Thu nhdt, chua thu hut dugc ddng dao ngudi tham gia san giao dich nen khdi lugng giao dich thap. Da sd nha kinh doanh van gift ti^idi quen kinh doanh qua cdc giao dich truyen thdng nhu mua ban giao ngay. Ngudi ndng dan mudn ban hang cho thuong lai hon la ban cho doanh nghiep vi linh boat han; doanh nghiep thich mua budn hang qua thuong lai hon la qua Sd vi hang hda da dgng hon, khdi lugng linh boat hon.
Thir hai ngudi co hang hda khd tiep can dugc vdi Sd giao dich hoac tham gia nhung khd giao dich thanh cdng. Hang hda giao dich dugc cip phep chu yeu la hang ndng san (ca phe, dudng), trong khi dd ngudi ndng ddn chua thich ftng vdi md hinh giao dich qua Sd.
Neu cd nhu cau, hg ciing khd co co hgi tham gia giao dich tryc tiep. Bdi le, dl giao dich qua Sd thi can ddp ung khdi lugng giao dich tdi thieu (vi dy 5 tdn ca phe), trong khi dd, ddi vdi ngudi ndng ddn, it ngudi dap ftng dugc dieu kiSn do (dien tich ca phe tren dau ngudi hien nay mdi cd 1,5 ha mdt ngudi, tuong duong dat khoang 3 tan*). Giao dich ti-en cdc san thyc hien thdng qua hinh thuc khdp lenh, nhung thyc te cd it cac giao dich dugc khdp.
Thic ba, khung phap ly ve Sd giao diclj hang hda chua hoan chinh, vi du cdn thiiu ving cdc quy dinh ve che do thanh toan, cac trung tdm thanh toan, hda don luu kho...
Thir tu, quy md sd giao dich trong nude cdn nhd, trinh dp td chuc va qudn ly lgi kha non kem, nguy co cao xay ra tmh trang thiSu thanh khoan trong giao dich, tranh chip dl xay ra khien cac nha kinh doanh chua thuc s^
tin tudng de quyet dinh tham gia.
Do dd, hau het cac doanh nghiep d^u thdng qua cdc trung gian mdi gidi la ngan hang de dugc giao dich tryc tiep qua san qudc te. Vdi giao dich loai nay, doanh nghiep chi can ky quy mdt sd tien chiem ty le mot vai phan tram so vdi gia tri hang hda giao dich la cd the mua ban ngay ma ehang can cd hang hda luu kho, tiet kiem dugc rat nhiSu chi phi *.
Vdi cdc giao dich cam chimg, quy mo nho nhu hien nay thi chua xdy ra tranh chap ve mua ban hang hda qua Sd giao dich. Tuy nhien, chi can quy md dugc md rdng hon, da dang boa cac mat hang giao dich, bg may quan Iy hoan thien hon, che dp thanh toan dan gian va linh boat bon, cdc nha kinh doanh tham gia nhieu hon, trong khi dd, khudn kho phap ly cdn kha Idng leo thi chic chin tianh chap se phdt sinh va viec giai quylt ftanh chap la khdng thl tranh khdi. Vi thl, viec hoan thien khudn khd phdp ly cho boat ddng mua bdn hang bda-qua Sd giao dich ndi chung va gidi quyet tranh chip phat sinh ndi rieng bit nen rat cip thilt nhim thu hiit cac nha kinh doanh den vdi md hinh mua ban chuySn nghiep va hien dai nay./.
* An giang Online, Bat In tieu thu n6ng san: Dua nong san Ign san. Ngu6n:
http://vvww.baoangiang.com.vn/newsdetails.aspx?id=252&newsid= 12584 truy cap ngay IS/2/2011.
* Le Chi, mc Nam se co sdn giao dich hang hod lien thong vdi thi giai. Ngu6n: http://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/lin tuc/hang-hoa/viet-nam-se-co-san-giao-dich-hang-hoa-lien-thong-voi-the-gioi-3157120.html truy cap ngiy