TAP CHf P H A T T R I ^ N N H A N LUC, s d 1(27)-2012 39
GIAO D g c - DAO TAO Vdl PHAT TRIEN NHAN LLTC
N A N G C A O C H A T
Ll/dNG GIAO DUG - DAO TAO
DAP
CTNG Y £ U C A U P H A TT R i i N N^N KINH T^ TRI THUfC d Nl/dC TA H | £ N N A Y
T R / ( N THANH QUANGO LE V A N TUYEN< ">
T
hd' gidi dang btfdc vdo thdi dai mdi tiidi dai kinh td' tii thtfc. Thdi dai ddt ra ddi vdi bd't ky mdt qudc gia ndo frong qud trinh phdt tridn kinh td' tri thtfc la phii ed ngudn nhdn life chat Itfdhg cao that ddi ddo.Trong nhffng ndm qua, bing stf ddi mdi vd phan dau khdng ngtfhg cda Ding, Nhd ntfdc vd nhdn ddn, chting ta da dat dtfdc nhflhg thdnh tifU to ldn vd giao due - dao tao. Tuy nMdn, tai Dai hdi Ding loan qudc lln thtf XI vffa qua. Ding ta cflng da cM ra ring: "Chat Itfdng gido dtic vd dao lao chtfa ddp dhg ydu elu phdt tridn, nhat Id dao tao ngudn nhan life trinh dp cao van cdn ban chd!..; chit Itfdng gido dtic todn didn giim sdt, chtfa dap lihg ydu elu cda stf ngMdp edng ngMdp boa. Men dai hoa"^^\
Dd dap dhg ydu elu phdt tridn cda ndn kinh td^
tii thtfc, van dd edt ldi la phii ndng cao chat Itfdng gido dtic - dao tao. Vi vay, Dai hdi XI cda Ding da xac dinh: "Chd frpng phdt Men, bdi dtfdng, phdt huy nhan tai; dao tao nhan life cho phdt tridn kmh td tii tiitfc "(2). Theo dd, frong tiidi gian tdi
" ThS., Giang vien Khoa Mdc - LSnin, Tu ti/dng H 6 Chf Minh, Hpc vien Ky thudt Qudn sa, Hd Ndi.
"CN., Giang vi§n Khoa Mdc - LSnin, Ta tadng H6 Chf Minh, Hoc vien Ky thudt Qudn sU, Hd N6i.
<^' Dang Cdng san Viet Nam. Vdn kidn Dai hdi Dai bieu todn qudc lin thd XI, Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia, Hd Nai, 2011, t r i 67, 168.
<^' DCSVN. Sdd, tr 130.
dd thtfc Men td't miic tidu frdn, ehdng ta cin thtfc Men tdt mpt so giii phap sau:
Mgt Id, ddi mdi todn di$n linh vUc gido due - ddo tgo d nudc ta.
Mudn ddi mdi toan didn linh vtfc gido dtic - ddo tao trtfdc hd't ein thay ddi nhan thtfc vd mtic tidu giao diic - dao tao, npi dung, phtfdng phap vd td chtfc quin 1^ gido dtic. Bdi le day chinh Id nhdn td quydt dinh chat Itfdng cda sin phim diu ra frong qua trinh giao due - ddo tao. O ntfdc la Men nay, ndi dung chtfdng trinh gido dtic cdn ndng vd 1^ thuydt, chtfa gin chat vdi lao ddng sin xult; phtfdng phdp td chtfc quin 1^ gido dtic cdn nMdu cdng kdnh, iMd'u ddng bd; phtfdng phdp gido dtic cdn mang tmh chit truydn thdng, khdng phdt huy dtfdc khi ndng W duy sdng tao cda ngtfdi hpc. Do dd, Dai hdi XI da dd ra vide cin ddi mdi cdn bin, lodn didn ndn gido due theo htfdng chuin hod. Men dai hod, xa hdi hod;
ddi mdi chtfdng tiinh, ndi dung, phtfdng phdp day vd hpc; ddi mdi ed chd' quin If gido dtic, phdt tiidn dpi ngu gido vidn vd cdn bd quin 1^
gido dtic, ddo tao.
Mtic tidu tdng qudt cda gido due - ddo tao ntfdc ta khdng cM Id nang cao ddn tri, md cdn phdt tridn ngudn nhdn life bac cao iMcb dhg vdi ydu cau phdt tiidn kinh td^ tii tiitfc, ddo tao nghd theo nhu cau cda thi trtfdng; ddng thdi bdi dtfdng vd ddo tao nhan tai frdn nMdu Enb vtfc cda ddi sdng xa hdi, tao dtfng dtfdc dpi ngu chuydn gia
40 T R A N THANH QUANG, L^ V A N T U Y S N N A N G CAO CHA'T L U O N G G I A O DUO...
ve khoa hpc cdng nghe, kinh doanh, quin 15' tidn" md Ding ta da dd ra.
gidi; chd trpng den gido due hinh thdnh nhdn llai Id, xd hdi hod, da dgng hod cdc logi hinh cdch vd pham chat tdt dpp ci'ui con ngtfdi Vict gido due - ddo tgo gdn liin vdi ndng cao chdt Nam. Gin chat miic lieu day chff, day nghd, day lugng gido due - ddo tgo.
ngtfdi thdnh mot the thd'ng nhd't, Ihdnh Itf Itfdng Ddi vdi ntfdc la Mdn nay, cin nhanh chdng nba'l qudn chi dao mpi hoai ddng giio due - ddo hinh thdnh xa hdi hpc tdp. Cd thd Mdu, xa hpi tao. Hp thd'ng kie'n thde gido due ddo tao cin hex: lap Id xd hoi md d dd ai cdng dtfdc hpc lap, xay dtfhg theo phtfdng cham cd bin, thid'l Ihtfc, hpc d mpi Ida ludi, mpi gidi tinh, hpc mpi Idc, Men dai. bam sit yeu cau phdi tridn kinh td - xd mpi ndi, trong mpi boat ddng (hoc d Irtfdng Id^, hpi da't ntfdc vd thdi dai. Npi dung gido due bao frong lao dpng, kM giao tidp, thdng qua phtfdng gdm nhQhg fri thtfc vd chd ngMa Mdc Ldnin tidn thdng tin dai chdng, hpc qua mang Mteraet), vd W wdng Hd CM Minh. dtfdng ldi chd trtfdng Xa hdi hoc l|ip mang f ngMa cdng bing, binh cda Ding, cMnh sdeh vd phdp Mat ciia Nhd ntfdc, ding thtfc stf trong gido diie, tao didu kidn thuan bin sic vdn hod vd gid fri nhan vdn Viet Nam. ldi cho con ngtfdi dtfdc hpc tap sudt ddi. Dly til tiitfc khoa hex: mdi vd nhffng sdng chd' cdng manh xa hpi hod gido diic - ddo tao bing cdch nghd Men dai, chuydn mdn ngMdp vu, kidn thde buy dpng todn xa hdi, dpng vidn edc ling Id^
vdn hod cda Iffng hac bpc, gido dtic vc trdch nhdn ddn gdp cdng stfc, tidn eua xdy dtftig ndn nhidm cdng dan, f thtfc tiet kidm frong sin xult gido due qude dan dtfdi stf quin 1^ cua Nhd ntfdc, vd tidu ddng, stf ndng ddng sdng tao vd tinh k;^ Cin tMd't lap mpt cd chd' quin If chat che, Meu Mat frong mpi cdng vide. Kidn quydl loai bd qui vd nunh bach ngudn vdn ddng gdp cua nhan tinh ti^ng giing day tiieo kidu nhdi nhdt nMeu dan dd'i vdi gido diic - ddo tao, frdnh stf tiiam npi dung khdng tiud't thtfc dd'i vdi mpi cap hpc. nhdng, tiill thodi, Idng pM tif ngudn vdn ndy, Cii bid'n sau sac phtfdng phdp gido diic - ddo Cdt ldi cda xa hdi hod gido due - ddo tao la ldm tao frong cde nhd tiifdng, khic phtie phtfdng phdp cho nd tiioi man dtfdc nhu ciu da dang, phong gido dtic ed "thiy dpc frd gM, dd'n ldc tM IM phd cua xa hdi, bie'n nhd tiifdng tiidnh mdt he bpe", ndng vd l^^ tiiuyd't coi nhe tiitfc hdnh, ban thd'ng ddo tao md, Unh boat, gin chat vdi tidn chd' ky ndng tim kid'm ldm chu hi thde vd sif dhg tiinh phdt tiidn kmh td' tii tiitfc, ddng tiidi tiiu hdi Men Unh boat frong cdng vide vd cupc sd'ng cda dtfdc nMdu ngudn life khdc nhau tiiam gia phdt ngtfdi hoc. Thtfc Men phtfdng phdp day hpc sdng tiien giao due - ddo lao. Tff ndn ting dd md lao, de cao tinh ti'ch ctfc, khuyen kMch stf khdm nhan ldi cda da't ntfdc ti:dn mpi Enb vtfc ddi sdng phd cdi mdi cda ngtfdi bpc, gidp hp hinh tiidnh xd hdi dtfdc "tfdm ti^ng" vd phdt tridn. Nhd ntfdC phtfdng phdp W duy khoa hpc, khi ndng bid'n tii sdm xay dtftig vd hodn chinh cd che chinh sdeh tiitfc cda nhdn loai tiidnh stf Meu bid't sdu rdng khuyd'n kMch, tao didu kidn dd edc td chtfc xa vd ky ndng lao dpng sdng tao. Trong tiidi dai hdi, edc doanh ngMdp vd ed nhdn diu W xdy ngdy nay, tiidng lin, tii tiitfc mdi xud't Mpn vdi dtfhg cde cd sd gido diic - ddo tao ngodi cdng dung Itfdng ldn vd cdng nhanh chdng frd ndn l|p. Phdt tiidn cdc hinh tiitfc ddo tao: ngin ban, lac hdu. Vi vay, con ngtfdi phii bid't tiiu tiiap, xd ddi han, lai chtfc, tap tiimg, tiong ntfdc, ddo lao If thdng lin vd tii thde mdi, bid'n nd thdnh tii d ntfdc ngodi; Udn kd't tix)ng ddo tao, ddo tao tif thtfc cua bin than. Phtfdng tidn day hpc eung xa, ddo tao qua mang tixing ntfdc vd qudc t^nhtfng cin ed stf ddi mdi manh md. Cdc nhd tiifdng, ed cd kidm soil chd't Itfdng. Md rdng quy md va sd gido diic - ddo tao cin dtfdc frang bi cde tiud't hinh tiitfc gido due - ddo tao phii g ^ chat vdi bi Men dai phuc vti cho ngMdn ctfu vd giing ndng cao chd't Itfdng vd Mdu qui, ddy la vlh dl day nhtf: edc tiiid't bi md phdng, tiitf vidn didn mang tinh nguydn tie hdng diu; tiud't lap ti^t W td, phdng till ngMdm, cd sd tiitfc ngMdm... nhim ky ctfdng chat che frong gido diie - ddo tao.
tdng ctfdng ndng life tiitfc hdnh cho ngtfdi hpc Gido vidn phii dtfdc Mydn chpn vd sdng Ipc k^
vd cdng Id dd tinfc Men phtfdng cham gido dtic Itfdng, dtfdc ddo tao tiitfdng xuydn, Udn tiic dd
"hpc di ddi vdi hdnh, 1^ Man gin Udn vdi thtfc khdng ngiftig ndng cao frinh dd, ddp tfng vdi
TRAN THANH QUANG, L^ V A N T U Y ^ N N A N G CAO CHA'T L U O N G G I A O DUG. 41
ydu elu thtfc tien.
Ba Id, ndng cao sd lugng vd chdt lugng ddo tgo nghi
Mpt thifc td' kha phd bid'n Men nay d ntfdc ta la tinh frang "ttiffa tiiay, iMd'u tiid", lao dpng phd thdng chtfa qua dao tao nghd cdn ddng dio, cdc trtfdng day nghd cdn it nhd't Id cdc ngdnh nghd cdng nghd cao ddi bdi hdm Itfdng tri Md cao...
Didu do cho thd'y cd elu lao dpng cdn bli hdp 1^, tiinh dp cda ngtfdi lao ddng d ntfdc ta nMn chung cdn thap. Do dd, ddo tao nghe cin phii md rpng quy md, nha't Id lao dpng cd frinh do tmng hpc chuydn ngMdp, cdng nhan ky thuat cd tay nghd cao; phdt tridn ddo tao nhan life cd trinh dp cao ding, dai bpc, sau dai hpc. Cdc tinb, thdnh phd frong c i ntfdc cin ldng sd Itfdng cdc tiifdng tiimg hpc chuydn ngMdp, cdc Irtfdng vd cdc trung tam ddo tao edng nhan ky thuat ldnh nghd dd nhanh chdng ddp tihg nhu cau lao ddng ky thuat cbo cdc doanh ngMdp, edc thdnh phin kinh td' d dia phtfdng nunh. Md thdm cdc tiifdng ddo tao cda nganh, nhat la cdc nganh cdng nghd cao, cdc nganh kinh td' mui nhpn dd cung ting du nhan ltfc theo nhu elu cda nganh. Cdc cdng ty, doanh ngMdp ldn ed the thanh lap cd sd dao tao edng nhan ky thuat rieng, bode tnfc tidjp k^ kdt hdp ddng dao tao vdi cac Irtfdng theo yeu elu rieng eua doanh ngMdp. Tang ctfdng ddo tao nghd mdi, ddo tao Iai va ndng elp trinh dp cdng nhan ky thuat theo phtfdng chdm "ein gi hpc niy", ddo tao cdi xa hdi ein thay cho dao tao edi minh ed. Ltfa chpn ky Itfdng vd tang nhanh sd' Itfdng sinh vidn ddo tao d cdc ntfdc cd trinh dp khoa hoc - edng nghd tidn tien, tap trung ddo tao d elp dai hpc, sau dai hpc, cdng nhdn vd ky thuat vidn bac cao, chuydn gia trong cdc Bnh vtfc cdng nghd cao.
6 ndng tiidn, ein md edc Idp day nghd dtfdi Mnh thtfc cdc Idp ngin han nhim trang bi tii tiitfc khoa hpc - cdng nghd, kinh td^ thi tiifdng, ky nang nghd ngMdp, gidp ngtfdi lao ddng tif tao lap nganh nghd mdi nhim khie pbtic linh frang dtf thffa lao ddng tai khu vtfc ndy.
Bdn Id, tdng cudng ddu tu cho gido due - ddo tgo bdng ngdn sdeh Nhd nudc, dgt phd mgnh me vi chidg tiin luong; thii't Idp trdt tuky cuang trong linh vuc gido due - ddo tgo.
Dim bio ngdn sdeh cho cdc boat dpng gido due - ddo tao cQng Id mpt frong nhQhg nhan id gdp phin ndng cao chd't Itfdng gido dtic - ddo tao. Theo dd, Nhd ntfdc cin tdng ctfdng ngan sdeh cho gido dtic - ddo tao theo htfdng ndm sau cao hdn ndm trtfdc, tfu tidn diu W vdo nhffng Unh vtfc frpng didm, then chd'l, frdnh diu W ddn frii, frdn lan, cho phdp md qud nMeu tiifdng dai hpc, cao ding, nhlt Id cdc trtfdng W nhan.
Bdn canh dd, cin cii tid'n manh me hdn nffa che dp tidn Itfdng vd cdc cMnh sdeh xd hpi khic de dpi ngQ gido vidn cd thd ydn tdm cdng tdc.
Kidn quyd't sdng Ipc ra khdi he thdng gido dtic - ddo tao nhflhg gido vidn khdng gtfdng mlu vd dao dtfc, ldi sd'ng, yd'u kdm vd chuydn mdn.
Bdi Enb vtfc giio dtic - ddo tao ddc thd vi sin pham cda nd Id nhan cdch, trinh dp ndng life tri Md cda con ngtfdi. Mpt ky stf sai sdt cd the lam hdng mpt ngdi nhd, cay elu; mpt gidm ddi: sai sdt ed thd lam iMdt hai cda Nha ntfdc hang ty ddng nhtfhg mdt giao vidn ma vd frdch nMdm, iMd'u Itfdng tam, nang life kem tM stf sai sdt that khdn Itfdng, cd thd ldm cbo hdng frdm, hang nghin hpc sinh, sinh vidn bi tMdt thdi, tham cM lam thui chdt, qud qudt vd tri Md va nhan each c i mpt thd he.
Nen kinh td^tri thtfc ddt ra ydu elu khdch quan Id phii xay dtfng mdt ndn giao dtic - ddo tao Wdng xdtag vdi nd. Cd hpi vd tiidch tiitfc to ldn dang ddt ra ddi hdi giio dtic - ddo tao ntfdc ta phii cd nhflhg btfdc tien vtfdt bdc theo kip xu tiid' phit tiidn thd' gidi. Trong bd'i cinh dd, vide nMn thing vdo stf that, cM ra nhiftig khdu yd'u, mat yd'u trong giio due - ddo tao, tid'n hdnh ddi mdi todn didn, sau rOng nhim nang cao chit Itfdng gido due - ddo tao tM chdng ta mdi cd thd thtfc hidn thing ldi mtic tidu cda stf ngMdp edng ngMdp hod. Men dai hod vd phdt tiidn kinh td' tii tiitfc.
fsl IS]
\s\
pEJ
