NANG LU^C NGHIEN CU^U KHOA HOC CUA GIANG VIEN DAI HOC: MOT NGHlfiN CTfU
DOI v o l NHOM GIANG VIEN GIANG DAY CAC NGANH NGOAI SlT PHAM TAI TRirdNG DAI HOC THU DO HA N O I
Hoang Van Hao Trudng Dgi hgc Cdng doan Email: hoanghao04I082@gmad com
Pham Hoang Diep Trudng Dal hgc Thii do Hd Ngi Email: [email protected] Ngay nh^n: 08/10/2019
Ngay nhan ban sua. 23/12/2019 Ngay duy?t dang: 05/3/2020
Tom tat:
Ndng lue nghien cuu khoa hoc Id mdt yiu td quan trong ddi vdi gidng viin dai hoc bdi nd dnh hudng ten chdt luang gidng dgy. hoat ddng khoa hgc - edng nghi cua mdi co sd ddo tgo.
Nghien cuu ve ndng lire ndy a cdc gidng viin cdng cd y nghia trong qudn tri dgi hgc a cdc trudng md ngdnh ddo tgo mcri, chuyen sang ddo tgo da ngdnh, linh vifc Bdi viit ndv de xudt thang do ve ndng luc nghiin ciru khoa hoc vd dp dung danh gid ve thuc trang ndng luc nghien ciru khoa hgc cua ddi ngii gidng vien gidng dgy ede ngdnh ngodi suphgm d Trudng Dgi hoc Thii do Hd Ngi. Bdi viit nghiin ciru su dnh hucmg cda cdc dgc diim cd nhdn tdi ndng luc nghien cim khoa hgc ciia gidng vien tren eo sd die lieu khdo sdt thu thap duoc de tir dd dua ra nhimg hdm y cho viic ndng cao ndng luc nghiin ciru khoa hgc eiia dgi ngU gidng vien ngodi supham tgi Trudng Dgi hoc Thu do Hd Ndi trong thoi gian tdi
Tir khoa: Giang vien, nang luc, nang lire nghign cuu khoa hgc.
MaJEL. M59
Lecturers' scientific research ability: A case study of non-pedagogy major lecturers at Hanoi Metropolitan University
Abstract-
Seientific research is a much required ability for a higher educator as d infiuences both the teaching quality and the research activities in an institute. A study on said ability in lecturers will contribute greatly to the management process when the umversit)' transitions to multi- major training. This paper suggests a scale to evaluate the scientific research ability as well as an implementation of the scale in the context of Hanoi Metropolitan University (HNMU).
Furthermore, the paper seeks out individual factors that affect scientific research ability from the collected data. From there, the paper hopes to give suggestions to improve scientific research ability oftlNMU lecturers of non-pedagogy majors.
Keywords: Lecturers, ability, scientific research ability JEL Code: M59
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1. Dat van de
Viec day manh nghien ciiu khoa hpc ludn dugc coi trpng thuc hien d cac ca sd giao due dai hpc.
Hoat ddng nghien cim khoa hgc (NCKH) giiip giang vien md rdng vdn kien thiic va van dung chiing vao trong thirc tien giang day. Tham gia nghien ciiu khoa hpc giiip giang vign tim higu, cap nhat nhung thong tin, tri thirc mdi. Nhd do, bai giang se sinh ddng hon, co tinh thdi su, tinh khoa hpc va tinh thuc tign. Ddng thdi, nghign ciiu khoa hpc giiip giang vign cd dugc phong each va phuong phap lam viec khoa hgc, dat cac van dg trong mdt khung tac ddng da chieu vdi each nhin chinh xac, khach quan. Bgn canh dd, nghign ciiu khoa hpc giiip giang vien ren luyen kha nang tu duy, phan tich, tdng hgp, so sanh, danh gia, ky nang lam vigc ddc lap, ky nang lam viec nhdm....vdi nhigu hinh thirc nghign cim khac nhau Nang lire nghien cim co mdi lign he vdi digu kien phat trien giang vign (Do Anh Dire & Canh Chi DOng, 2018). Co the khang dinh rang, nghign ciiu khoa hpc la thudc do nang luc ehuyen mon cua giang vien.
Nang lire nghign cuu khoa hpc ciia doi ngii giang vien tai cac co sd giao due dai hgc Viet Nam hien nay ngay cang dugc nang len. Song gan nhu nguon luc giang vign vdi trinh do chuygn mon cao lai tap trung nhieu d cac trudng dai hoc Idn. Trudc xu hudng md rdng dao tao d cac trudng dai hgc, nang lire nghign ciru khoa hgc cua giang vien vdi chuygn mon d nhiing nganh mdi can dugc quan tam trong qua trinh phat trien giang vign. Nhung quyet sach trong viec hinh thanh ddi ngu giang vien co nang luc nghign cii'u khoa hgc doi hoi can phai tim hieu nhiing dac diem ve nang luc nghign ciiu khoa hgc ciia hg trong bdi canh chuyen hudng dao tao da ITnh vuc d cac CO sd giao due dai hgc nay.
Tnrdng Dai hgc Thu dd Ha Ndi (HNMU) dirge Thii tuang ky quygt dinh thanh lap dua tren tign than la Cao dang Su pham Ha Ndi Dgn nay, trudng da CO 60 nam kinh nghiem trong dao lao giao vien va nhu'ng kgt qua budc dau trong dao tao nhan luc cac nganh ngoai su pham. Dinh hu'dng phat trien da nganh dat nhom cac nganh ngoai su pham vao trpng lam dau tu phat trign trong bdi canh canh tranh manh me giua cac co sd giao due dai hoc. Giang vien CO htru tham gia giang day cac nganh nay can cd thgm kinh nghiem trong nghign ciru khoa hoc d
cac ITnh vuc ma trudc day ttTjdng chua co the man Nghien ciru nay tap bung vao nang lire ddi ngu gi^'^S vien giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham d Trucmg Dai hgc Thu dd Ha Ndi dg lam ro horn nhirng van de dat ra ddi vdi nha trudng khi phat trign dao tao da nganh, ITnh vuc. Nghien ciiu nay dupe thuc hien nh^m: (i) De xuit bd cdng cu do ludng nang lire nghien cim khoa hpc cua giang \ icn Tmdng Dai hpc Thu do Ha Ndi va (ii) do luong nang lire nghien ciru khoa hgc ciia giang vien giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham ciia Trudng, dong thdi so sanh nang luc nghign ciru khoa hpc giua nhdm giang vien de dua ra cac ham y chinh sach. Tren ca sd xem xgt su khac biet vg nang luc nghign ciru khoa hgc cua giang vign theo cac dac digm ca nhan nhu gidi tinh, dp tu6i, kinh nghiem hay thdi gian cdng tac tai ca sd dao tao, nghign cuu se dua ra nhirng g0i y cho hoat dong tuyen dung, phat Uign giang vien nham nang cao nang lire nghign curu khoa hgc ciia dpi ngii nay.
2. Cff SO" l>' t h u y e t
Xuk phat tir nhieu each rigp can khac nhau, ngi ham cua nang luc nlian lire ndi chung va nang lire nghien ciiu khoa hpc ndi rieng cung dirgfc de cap kliac nhau bdi cac nha nghien cuu. Nang luc la kha nang nhat dinh cua con nguai, kha nang noi tai giiip hp thuc hien hieu qua cong viec ma ho dam nhan (Boyatzis, 1982). Nhu vay, nang lire dugc hieu la kha nang ben trong ciia mdi ngudi lao dgng trong qua trinh thuc hien nhiem vu ciia minh.
Kbai niem ve nang lire dugc phan ddng cac nha nghign ciru sir dung la cua Parry (1996), ong cho ring nang luc la mot tap hgp cac kign thuc, ky nang va thai dp lign quan vdi nhau cd the anh hudng den su hoan thanh cdng vigc hay hieu suat ciia mdt ca nhan va nd cd the dugc cai tign thdng qua cac boat ddng dao tao, bdi dudng.
Cac quan digm ciia eae nha khoa hgc cung kha tuang ddng giiia cac hgc gia trong nudc va cac ddng nghiep nudc ngoai. Nang luc dugc xem la nhirng ddi hdi thap nhat vg kien thuc, kT nang va pham chat ma mpt ca nhan can co de thuc hien hanh vi can thiet khi dam nhan cdng viec (Le Quan, chii bien, 2016,18). Nang lire lam viec ciia m6i ca nhan cd thg dupe do iudfng va cai thien boi qua trinh hgc tap, tich luy ren luyen ma cd duac, Nang lire cung duoc xem la tap hgp cac tinh chat hay pham chk ca nhan, ddng vai trd la digu kien ben trong
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h\\\i ^^^Aiim
Hinh 1: Mo hinh cac y^u to cau thanh nen nang lyc nghien cihi khoa hoc cua giang vien dai hoc
Chuyen mon Lien nganh Quy t r i n h , each thirc
Tim k i e m , t o n g hgrp tai li^u
T h i e t k e nghien c i h i , t h u : t h ^ p v a x u ' l y d u ' l i e u T r i n h b a y , c 6 n g b 6
nghien cuu,... Sangt^o
Trungthi/c, khach quan C^u t h j , hoc hoi, no li/c.
tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho vi$c thuc hien tdt mdt dang hoat dpng nhat dinh. Nguai co nang luc la ngudi dat hieu suat va chat luang boat dpng cao trong cac hoan canh khach quan va chu quan nhu nhau (Pham Thi Minh Hanh, 2007). Cac hpc gia deu tiep can cau triic cua nang lire bao gdm ba nhom chinh: Pham chat hay thai dp (Attitude), Ky nang (Skills) va Kign thiic (Knowledges). Cac ygu to nay da duac su dung pho bien trong dao tao va phat trien nang lire ca nhan.
Dpi ngu giang vien trong cac ca sd giao due dai hpc duac coi nhu mpt trong nhihig nhan td quan trpng nhat de dam bao chat lupfng dao tao, thiic day su phat trien va nang cao vj thg ciia mdi nha hudng. Giang vien d cac ca sd dao tao phai nSm viing dugc ITnh vuc khoa hpc chuyen mon cung nhu cac hoat dpng trong quy trinh nghien ciru va giang day hgc phan thudc ITnh vuc dd. Phan tich nang luc cua giang vien, nhigu tac gia xac dinh ro ba yeu td cau thanh bao gdm nang luc giang day, nang lire nghien cuu khoa hgc va phuc 'vu xa hpi (Nguyin Van De, 2009; Carlos A. Bana e Costa
& Monica D. Oliveira, 2012). DS hoan thanh su menh cua minh, giang vien can nhiing nang luc nhat dinh, trong do nang lire giang day va nghien ciju khoa hgc dong vai tro cot loi ma da duac thua nhan qua thuc tien hoat dpng cua cac ca sa
giao due dai hpc.
Ci mdt trudng dai hgc, sir phat trign ve nang l^rc nghien cuu khoa hpc thudng dugc xem nhu la mot bong cac tigu chuan cho su thang tign cdng viec ciia giang vign. Giang vien cd nang lire nghien ciiu khoa hpc se tac dgng tich cue tdi nang luc giang day. Giang vien dugc nang cao hieu bigt ciia minh ve giang day bSng each tu minh tim hieu hoac thdng qua nghign ciiu khoa hgc (Berthiaume, 2009). Nang lire nghign ciiu khoa hgc ludn dugc xem la tieu chuin quan trgng doi vdi giang vien va ngay cang dugc cac ca sd quan tam danh gia, c6 giai phap nang cao.
Vdi hudng tigp can nhu Ugn, nang luc nghien cim khoa hgc ciia giang vien co thg dugc xem la td hgp kign thiic, ky nang va thai do ciia ngudi giang vign de thuc hien cd hieu qua cac cdng viec cua boat dgng nghign ciru khoa hgc. Xac dinh ndi dung nang luc nghign ciiu khoa hgc c k can cir vao tinh chdt, ygu ciu cu thg cua hoat ddng nghign cuu khoa hgc (Doan Hoang Minh, 2012). Nang luc nghign cim khoa hpc cua giang vign phai phan anh kha nang tao ra tri thiic mdi. Nhu vay, giang vign phai cd kign thiic vg ITnh vuc ma mmh nghien ciiu cung nhu nhiing higu biet ve phucmg phap nghign cuu. Ky nang nghien cim khoa hpc CO thi tigp can theo qua trinh thuc hien dh tai nghien ciru tir giai doan tong quan nghien
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kiniityiiattm
Bang 1: Cac tieu chi danh gia nang lyc nghiin cmi khoa hoc cua giang vien
Tieu ehi Ki hieu Nguon
Kien thuc _ _ _ _ — Toi am hieu cac nghien cihi ITnh virc chuyen mdn; kign
thuc cap nhat ve nhirng ket qua ma cpng dong nghien cim da dat duoc trong ITnh vuc chuyen mon
Toi am hieu each thiic thigt kg nghien ciiu va quy Ulnh nghien cim
Toi nam dugc kign diiic lien nganh de phu trg cho b6i canh nghien ciru chuyen mdn
K T l
KT2 KT3
Doan Hoang Mmh (2012) Doan Hoang _ _ M i i i l L l 2 0 1 2 > _ _
Dang Tuan Ann
^ _ ( 2 0 1 7 ) _ _ _
Ky nang ^ Toi thanh thao cac kT nang trong long quan nghien ciru
(tim kiem tai lieu, doc, tong hpp, phe phan cac nghien ciru...)
Toi thanh thao cac kT nang Ihiel ke nghien ciiu, thu thap du lieu va x u ly dir lieu
Toi thanh thao cac kl nang viet bai khoa hpc, thuygt trinh nghien cuu, tim kiem va lien he cong bd cong trinh
Toi thanh thao cac kT nang trong quan ly du an nghien ciru Toi thao cac kT nang Uong hudng dan smh vien NCKH Toi s u dung thanh thao ngoai ngii trong cac hoat dpng nghien ciiu khoa hoc
KNI KN2
KN3 KN4 KN5 KN6
Doan Hoang Minh (2012) Doan Hoang _ J y l i n M 2 0 1 2 } _ ^
Doan Hoang Minh (2012) Doan Hoang Minh (2012) Dang Tuan Anh
(2017) Dang Tuan Anh
(2017) Thdi do
Toi ludn no lire trong cac boat dong NCKH TOI cd tinh than sang tao trong nghien ciiu Tdi cd tinh Ihan cau thj, hgc hoi trong nghien ciiu Tdi trung thuc va khach quan Irong nghien ciiu Toi ludn tir bdi dudng nang cao kien thirc va kT nang ve phuang phap nghien ciiu khoa hoc
Tdi luon hgp tac khi lam viec nhom trong nghien cim klioa iioc
TDI TD2 TD3 TD4 TD5 TD6
De xuat ciia tac gia Doan Hoang Mmh (2012) Doan Hoang Minh (2012) Doan Hoang Minh (2012) Dang Tuan Anh
(2017) De xuat cua tac
gia
ciru den cong bo ket qua. Nang luc nghign cim klioa hgc ciia giang vign ciing cd diem dac thii khi hg can phai cd kT nang hudng dan ngudi hoc nghien ciru khoa hgc. Ngudi lam nghien cuu khoa hpc phai cd thai do tich cue vdi sir nd lire Idn mdi mong kgt qua CO chat lugng trong cac san pham nghign cim.
Yeu cau ve tinh mdi, dp tin cay ciia cac ket qua nghien cim doi hoi giang vien phai sang tao, trung thuc. Ben canh do, ho ciing phai co thai dp dimg muc trong vigc tu tim hieu, nghign cuu va hcrp tac trong nghien cim khoa hgc. Cac yeu to cau thanh nen nang luc nghien ciiu khoa hgc ciia giang vien dai dugc khai quat d Hinh 1.
3. Phuo'ng phap nghien CIJU
Khao sat dugc rign hanh ddi vdi toan bd giang vien d cac khoa cd dao tao cac nganh ngoai su pham d Trudng Dai hpc Thu do Ha Ndi (126 giang vien).
Tac gia giri phigu khao sat thdng qua hinh thirc thu dien tir dg dam bao nhanh chdng thu thap dii lieu va da nhan d u a c 110 phieu tra ldi (tuang irng vdi 87,3% tdng sd gjang vien duoc khao sat). Ngoai thong tin vg dac digm ca ban ciia ngudi tra Idi, ndi dung chinh ciia bang hdi tap trung vao viec tu danh gia cua giang vien vg nang lire nghign ciru khoa hgc theo cac tieu cbi kign thiic, ky nang va thai dp (15 tigu chi). Cac giang vign cho y kign danh gia vg nang
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l^iiiliWIiaKmii
Dac dilm
Bang 2: Th^ng ke mo ta miu khao sat So lug^ng Gioi tinli
Nam Na Tu8i
Duoi 30 tuoi Tir 30-45 tu6i Tren 45 tu6l Trinli dO
Cir nhan Tiiac sT Tien sT Kinli ngliiem giang day
Diroi 5 nam Tu 5-10 nam Tren ! 0 nam
TliM gian cong tac tai Trirong D^i hoc Thii do Ha Noi
Dual 3 nam Tir 3-6 nam Tren 6 nam Linh virc chuyen mon
KHXH&NV Ngoai ngir
Kinh te, kinh doanh & quan ly Luat hoc
KT thuat va cong nghe Du lich. Ithach san, the thao Khac
45 65 41 52 15 9 82 19 44 34 32
37 42 31
16 3 14 29 6
40,9 59,1 37,3 48,2 14,5 8,2 74,5 17,3 40,0 30,9 29,1
33,6 38,2 28,2 22,7 15,5 14,5 2,7 12,7 26,4 5,5 Tong
Nguon: Tinli loan lie die lieu lilido sdt ciia ldc gid, 2019 luc ciia minh vai niim mure do dong y (! = Hoan loan Icfioug itong y. 2 = Khong dong y, 3 = Phdn vdn, 4 = Dong y, 5 = Hoan todn dong y). 15 tieu chi de danh gia nang lire nghien ciiu Ithoa hpc cua giang vien ducrc tac gid sir dung dira tren tong hap cac tai lieu nghien cihi ve mo hinh danh gia nang lire nghien cihi Ithoa hoc cua giang vien {Doan Hoang Minh, 2012; Dang Tuan Anh, 2017) va c6 de xuit mpt so bien do lu'ong cho phu hgp vdi thire den hoat dpng nghien ciru khoa hpc cua giang vien de phu hop vdi boi eanh, pham vi nghien ciru (chi tiet d Bangl).
Sau khi thu thap, cae phieu khao sat dugc kiem tra mirc dp hoan chinh ve thong tin. 110 phieu da du-crc nhap diJ lieu de phan tich bang phan mem thong ke SPSS (phien ban 25). Tac gia sit
dung phuong phap nghien ciru dinh luong bao g6m cac cong cu thdng ke mo ta, kiem dinh dp tin cay cua thang do, phan tich nhiin to kham pha (EFA). Trong nghien cuu nay, tac gia khong kiem dinh dp phii hop vh npi dung cua thang do bdi cae bign quan sat chu y6u dupe ke thira khi do lucmg khai niem trong cac nghien ciru trude. Cac nghien cuu nay CO diSm tuang ddng ve chii de va dugc thuc hien gan day. D I xem xet su khac biet ve nang luc nghien ciiu klioa hpc ctia giang vien Trudng Dai hgc Thu do Ha Npi, kiem dinh gia thuyet trung binh cua liai tdng thS (T-Test) va phan tich phuong sai mpt ytti td (One-way ANOVA) dupe sir dung.
4. Kit qua va thao luan 4,1, Tilting lin vi mdu khdo sdt
So 273 thing 3/2020 llll'.J'llilllriM
Yen to
Bang 3: Tong hop gia tri Cronbach's Alpha cua cac nhom yeu th baa dau He so
Cronbach's Alpha So bien quan sat Kien thiic
Kl nang Thai dp
0,927 0,899 0,890 Tong so bien quan sat
Ngudn: Tinh todn tir dir lieu khdo sdt cua tdc gid, 2019.
Bang 2 trinh bay thdng tin md ta vg man khao sat thu dirge. Trong 110 ngudi tra ldi, nir chigm 59,1%, cdn lai la nam gidi. Vg tudi ddi, giang vign dudi 30 cd 41 ngudi (chigm 37,3%), tir 30-45 tudi cd 52 ngudi (chiem 48,2%). Sd giang vign trgn 45 tudi chi cd 15 ngudi, tuang irng 14,5%. Vg trinh dp, lugng giang vien cd trinh do Thac si chiem da sd, tdi 74,5%. Trong 1 ID giang vien duac hdi, cd 09 Cir nhan va 19 Tign sT. Kgt qua xii ly dii lieu vdi mau khao sat phan anh dugc thuc trang hien nay ciia Trudng Dai hpc Thu dd Ha Npi khi kinh nghiem dao tao cac nganh ngoai su pham chua nhigu. 70,9 % giang vign giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham dupe khao sat cd kinh nghiem giang day dudi 10 nam. Lugng giang vien cdng tac tai trudng tir 6 nam trd xudng la 79 ngudi, chigm 71,8%. Trong khi do, chi cd 31 giang vien da cdng tac tai Trudng Dai hpc Thii dd Ha Ndi
tren 6 nam, tuong ung 28,2%. Digu nay cung thg hien cac dac digm cua phat trien giang vien giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham d Trudng Dai hoc Thii do Ha Ndi trong thdi gian qua khi trudng xac dinh va phat trien dao tao da nganh.
4.2. Kiim dinh dp tin cay cua thang do Kigm dinh do tin cay thang do Cronbach's Alpha phan anh mirc dp tuang quan chat che giira cac bien quan sat trong cung mdt nhan td. Kiem dmh cho biet Uong cac bien quan sat cua cimg mot nhan td, bign nao ddng gdp hay khdng ddng gdp vao viec do ludng khai niem nhan td. Phuang phap he sd tin cay Cronbach's Alpha dugc sii dung trudc khi phan tich nhan td kham pha EFA dg loai cac bign khdng phu hgp vi cac bign rac nay se tao ra bign gia. Nhdm tac gia phan chia 15 bign thanh 03 nhan td Kign thiic, KI nang, Thai dp va nhan dugc ket qua d Bang 3.
Ket qua kigm dinh cho thay he sd Cronbach's
Bang 4: Kit qua phan tich nhan to kham pha lan 2 Bien quan sat
KTl KT2 KT3 KNI KN2 KN3 KN4 KN5 TDI TD2 TD3 TD4 TD5 TD6
Nhan to 1
0,809 0,828 0,737 0,718 0,832 0,823 0,765 0,758
2
0,747 0,702 0,827 0,783 0,643 0,808 i^gudn. Tinli loan lir dii lieu klido sdl ciia ldc gid, 2019.
So 273 thang 3/2020
Unlite.J'liallil
Bang 5: Md ta ty danh gia ve nang lire nghien cihi khoa hoc cua giang vien ve nang lyc nghi£n ciru khoa hoc Bien do la&ag So n g u ^ Gia tri
tra 161 nho nhat Gia tri Ion nhat
Gia trj trung
binh
Do lech chuan Thai dp NCKH
Kign thuc - KT nang NCKH 110 110
1,33 1,25
5,00 5,00
4,0409 3,5648
0,6732 0,8343 Nguon: Tinh todn tir dii- lieu khdo sdt ctia tdc gid, 2019.
Alpha deu ion hgn 0,6. Nhu vay, thang do cua cac nhom ygu td cd gia tri tin cay cao, trong do thang do v6 nhdm yeu td Kien thiic vdi 3 bien quan sat c6 Cronbach's Alpha cao nhat la 0,927, thang do vg nhom ygu td KI nang vdi 6 bign quan sat cd he sd Cronbach's Alpha la 0,899, thang do ve nhdm yeu t6 Thai dp vdi 6 bign quan sat cd he sd Cronbach's Alpha la 0,890. Bgn canh dd, cac he sd mdi quan he giua bign quan sat va bign tdng deu Idn hgn 0,3. Nhu vay, kiem dinh kgt luan he thdng thang do dugc xay dung gdm ba thang do dam bao chSt lugng tdt vdi 15 bien quan sat.
4.3. Kit qud phan tich nhan to khdm phd Phan tich nhan td kham pha lan thii rdiat da chi ra cac bign quan sat dugc tai thanh cac nhan td vdi ket qua cua cac phep kigm tra dam bao EFA cd y nghia. Trong 15 bien quan sat, bien KN6 (Tdi .su difng thanh thao ngogi ngd trong ede hoat ddng nghien ciru khoa hoe) khdng thupc ve nhan td nao ro rang khi cac he sd rang budc cda chung deu nhd hon 0.5. Thuc te hien nay, tieng Anh da trd thanh mpt ngdn ngii phd bign, la ky nang dircmg nhien co ciia mpt giang vien trong giang day ciing nhu boat dpng nghien cihi khoa hgc. Bdi thg, sir ch\ thigt vg kha nang sir dung ngoai ngii trong nang lire nghign cixu khoa hpc ciia giang vign la dieu duong nhien.
Chiing ta cd thg bd bign quan sat KN6 trong nghign ciiu nay.
Sau khi loai bd bien KN6, thuc hien phan tich nhan td kham pha lan 2 (vdi 14 bien) thu dugc ket qua: He so KMO = 0,851 > 0,5 thda man yeu cSu thuc hien EFA; kiem dinh Bartlett cd y nghia thdng kg (Sig. = 0,000), cd thg rtr chdi gia thuyet H^ (ma tran tuang quan la ma Iran dan vi), cd nghia la cac bien cd quan he vdi nhau ngn dii dieu kien thuc hien EFA.
Kgt qua phan tich bang phucmg phap nit trich So 273 thdng 3/2020
Principal Components Analysis va phep xoay Varimax cho thay cd 2 nhan td dugc nit ra tir 14 bign quan sat. He sd Cumulative = 72,017% > 50% va gia tri cua he sd Eigenvalues deu Idn ban I, dat yeu cau. Trgng sd nhan td hay he sd tai nhan to (factor loading) dugc trinh bay tai Bang 4 cho thay, he so tai nhan td cua cac bien dgu Idn hon 0,5 nen cac bien quan sat deu quan trgng trong cac nhan td, cd y nghia thigt thuc.
Nhu vay, kgt qua EFA da chi ra nang luc nghign cihi khoa hpc cua giang vign giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham gdm hai bign do ludng. Bign Kign thiic - KI nang (KTKN) ve nghign ciiu khoa hoc cua giang vign gdm 8 bign quan sat (KTl, KT2, KT3, KNI, KN2, KN3, KN4, KN5). Sau bien quan sat TDI-TD6 ban dau dugc tai thanh bien do ludng thii hai la Thai do nghign cuu khoa hpc (TD) ciia giang vign. Thang do vg thai dp trong nghien cuu khoa hgc khdng cd sir thay ddi so vdi dg xuat ban dau khi nd dg cap tdi cac khia canh ciia tinh than, cam xiic ciia giang vign. Trong khi dd, cac bign quan sat de do ludng vg kien thirc va kl nang da hinh thanh mot thang do duy nhit. Thang do mdi nay phan anh ca ki£n thitc, kT nang ciia giang vien lien quan dSn ITnh virc nghien cim cung nhu ca ve phuoTig phap nghien ciru khoa hgc. Trong thuc te, kien thirc va kT nang trong nghign ciiu khoa hpc co the dugc hinh thanh va phat tri6n ddng thai thong qua cac hoat dong nghien cuu cu the.
Kiem tra dd tin cay cua thang do sau EFA, kgt qua he sd Cronbach's Alpha cua thang do KTKN la 0,942 (thang do Thai dp nghign ciru khoa hpc khdng thay ddi bign quan sat thanh phan ngn khdng kigm tra lai do tin cay). Kgt qua chi ra rSng thang do phii hgp dg su dung cho cac phan tich tiep theo.
4.4. Nang lire nghiin cmt khoa hgc cua gidng vien gidng dgy cdc ngdnh ngodi suphgm
' Kiiiliteiliiilii'ien
Bang 6: Gia tri trung binh ve giang da\ cac nganh ngoa
Dac diem Gioi tinh
Nam Nir Tuoi Dudi 30 moi Tir 30-45 tu6i Tren 45 tuoi Trinh d?
Cir nhan Thac sT Tien sT
Kinh nghiem giang day Duoi 5 nam Tir 5-10 nam Tren 10 nam Thoi gian cong tac tai HNMU
Duoi 3 nam Tir 3-6 nam Tren 6 nam LTnh vuc chuyen m6n KHXHtfeNV Ngoai ngu
Kinh te, kinh doanh & quan iy
Luat hoc KT thuat va cong nghe Du lich, khach san, the thao Khac
Mean score
4,2148 3,9205 3,8496 4,0975 4,3438 3,9630 4,0224 4,1579 3,7424 4,1373 4,3490
3,7973 3.9325 4,4785 4,0267 3,9216 3,6771 4,3889 4,0476 4,1092 4,8889
nang lire nghien ciru khoa hoc cua i SIT phara theo dac diem
TD F/T Value
2,298
3,629
0,374
9,236
11,317
2,919 Sig.
0,023
0,030
0,689
0,000
0,000
0,011
Jiang vien ca nhan ciia ho
Mean score
3,8833 3,3442 3,1280 3,7854 3,9531 3,2500 3,4649 4,1447 3,1591 3,8382 3,8320
3,1318 3,3929 4,3145 3,7600 3,1250 2,9922 2,8750 4,0357 3,5776 4,7083
K T k N F/T Value
3,500
10,871
6,395
10,122
27,254
6,953
__
Sig.
0,001
0,000
0,002
0,000
0,000
0,000
Ngudn: Tinh todn lir dd lieu khdo sdt ciia tdc gid, 2019.
Phan tich nang lire nghign ciiu khoa hgc cua giang vign giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham tai Trudng Dai hoc Thii do Ha Npi, nhdm tac gia thuc hien thdng kg mo ta hi dii lieu thu vg theo hai bign do lirgng tir kgt qua EFA la Thai dp va Kign thiic - KT nang. Tac gia da tien hanh tinh gia tri trung binh va xac dinh do lech chuan cua hai thang do. Ket qua thu dugc cac thdng sd trinh bay d Bang 5. Vg miic bign ddng, phan tan cua dii lieu, dd lech so vdi gia tri trung binh ciia ca hai bign deu thap (0,6732 doi vdi bign Thai dd va 0,8343 ddi vdi bign Kign thiic - KT nang) cho thay gia tri trung binh cd tinh dai dien trong thdng kg. Giang vign tir danh gia ve kign thirc, kT nang trong hoat dpng nghign ciiu khoa hpc d digm sd trung binh la 3,5648 con thai dp co diem
so trung binh la 4,0409. Nhu vay, giang vien tu danh gia thai dp, pham chat nghien ciru khoa hpc d miic cao ban va hg tu danh gia vg kign thirc, kT nang nghign ciiu khoa hgc chi d miic trgn trung binh.
4.5. Xem xet su khdc biet ve ndng lire nghien ciru khoa hgc cua gidng vien theo cdc dgc diem cd nhdn
D^ xem xet lieu co sir khac biet vg nang luc nghign ciiu khoa hpc cua cac giang vien tham gia khao sat phan chia theo cac dac digm ca nhan hay khdng, nhdm tac gia thuc hien kigm dinh Independent-samples T-test vdi dac digm Gidi tinh va kigm dinh One-way ANOVA vdi cac dac digm cdn lai. Kgt qua thu vg trinh bay d Bang 6.
Sd 273 thdng 3/2020
iilili'JIiaUrini
Tir cac ket qua kiem dinh T-test va phan tich ANOVA, vdi dp tin cay 95%, chung ta thay c6 sy khac biet c6 y nghia thong ke khi xet phSm chat va kien thiic, ky nang trong nghien cuu khoa hpc ciia giang vign theo cac dac diem ve gidi tinh, dp tudi, kinh nghiem giang day, thdi gian cdng tac tai Tnrdng Dai hgc Thii do Ha Noi cung nhu ITnh vuc chuyen mon.
Nam gidi cd nang lire nghien cim khoa hgc cao hon. Trong khi dd, tudi, kinh nghiem giang day, thdi gian cdng tac tai Trudng Dai hgc Thu dd Ha Npi cang nhieu thi nang luc nghien ciiu khoa hpc cua hp cang cao. Diem so trung binh ve nang lire nghign cuu khoa hgc cua nhdm giang vign tir 30 tudi trd len tdt hon kgt qua ciia nhdm dudi 30 tuoi Nhii'ng giang vign da cd hr 5 nam kinh nghiem giang day danh gia ca vg thai dp lan kien thuc, kT nang dgu dat gia tri cao hem nhiing giang vien mdi tham gia giang day it ban 5 nam. Xet vg thdi gian cong tac, nhirng ngudi da lam viec tai trudng trong thdi gian tir 6 nam trd Ign cd ket qua trung binh vugt hoi so vdi hai nhdm cdn lai. Rieng vg trinh do, cd su khac biet vg kign thuc, kT nang trong boat ddng nghign ciiu khoa hpc giiia cac nhdm khao sat song vg thai dp, pham chat khdng cd su khac biet cd y nghTa thong kg tir dQ' lieu thu thap dugc. Giang vign cua Trudng Dai hpc Thu do Ha Ngi dii d trinh dp nao ciing dgu cd su nd luc, thai do tich cue trong hoat ddng nghign cim khoa hgc.
4.6. Hdm y vi nang cao nang lire nghien cim khoa hgc cua gidng viin gidng dgy cdc ngdnh ngodi suphgm tgi Trudng Dgi hgc Thu do Hd Npi Trong qua trinh phat trjgn dao tao cac nganh mdi (dac biet la cac nganh ngoai su pham) khi trd thanh hudng dai hpc, Trudng Dai hgc Thii do Ha Ndi ciing da quan tam nang cao chat lugng ddi ngu giang vign.
Tir cac kgt qua kiem dinh trgn, cd thg dua dgn kgt luan la vdi nhdm giang vign giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham cua Trudng Dai hgc Thii dd Ha Ndi, CO mdt sd dac digm ca nhan la ygu td nha trudng can luu tam trong qua trinh tuygn dung, bd sung, bdi dudng va phat trien nhan luc. Nhu da phan tich, cac giang vien nam cd nang lire nghien cim khoa hoc vg ca ban tdt han cac giang vign nii (xet ca thai dp va kiln thuc, kl nang). Cdng tac thu hiit, bd sung nhan lire giang day cac nganh ngoai su pham CO the can nhac uu tien cac doi tugng la nam giai.
Viec thu hiit giang vien cd hgc vi cao (Tien sT) la giai phap tdt cho cac co sd giao due dai hpc noi chung va Trudng Dai hpc Thu dd Ha Ndi ndi rigng. Dac biet, ddi vdi giang vign cac nganh ngoai su pham d Trudng Dai hpc Thii do Ha Ndi la vo ciing c4n thiet. Song, neu thirc hien chinh sach nay thi nha trudng can danh gia nang lire nghign ciiu khoa hpc cua ling vien dg dpi ngu giang vign cd trinh dp cao thuc su tao ra nhihig budc phat trign vugt bac trong boat dgng nghign ciiu khoa hpc linh vuc ngoai su pham.
Hoat dgng bdi dudng nang lire nghign cim khoa hgc can dugc nha trudng thuc hien dg cd sir dong dgu giiia giang vien cua cac ITnh vuc khac nhau.
Viec nang cao kign thiic, kT nang trong nghign ciru khoa hgc la can thiet bdi hien nay giang vien tir danh gia mat nay chua cao. Lanh dao nha trudng can thuc hien cac chinh sach giii chan nhung giang vign CO tudi ddi, tudi nghe dg hp gan bo vdi 16 chiic minh. Bdi khi do tuoi, kinh nghiem giang day, thai gian cong tac tai trudng dai hpc nhilu han thi giang vign se co nang luc nghign cuu khoa hpc cao ban.
5. Ket luan
Kgt qua cua nghien cim khao sat cac giang vien giang day nhdm nganh ngoai su pham cua Trudng Dai hgc Thu do Ha Npi chi ra thuc trang nang luc nghign ciiu khoa hpc ciia hp. Thai dp dugc danh gia cao han kien thiic, kT nang cd lien quan tdi hoat dpng nghign ciiu khoa hpc. Bai viet cung chi ra su khac biet trong nang lire nghien ciru khoa hpc theo dac digm ca nhan cua ngudi tra ldi, d6 la gidi tinh, dp tudi, kinh nghiem giang day, thdi gian cdng tac tai Trudng Dai hpc Thii dd Ha Ngi va linh vuc chuygn mdn cua giang vien. Trgn co sd do, bai vigt dg xuat Uong qua trinh bd sung va phat trien nhan lire, nha trudng can can nhac cac dac diem ca nhan ciia giang vien nhu da phan tich dg nang cao nang lire dgi ngu giang vien giang day, gop phan tao ra th^ manh trong boat dong dao tao cac nganh ngoai su pham tai Trudng Dai hgc Thii dd Ha Ndi.
Nhiing vkn dg nay cd thg dugc tham khao ap dung cho cac eg sd giao due dai hgc trien khai md nganh dao tao mdi vdi muc dich nang cao nang luc nghien ciru khoa hpc. nang lire dpi ngii giang vign.
So 273 thdng 3/2020
kJnlilCAUm
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Tap chi Phat hanh qua mang tudi huu dien Viet Nam