HOA HOC-CONG NGHE Tflirc PHAM
NGHIEN ClfU GIAI PHAP TAN DUNG NHIET LANH Tl/ QUA TRINH TAI HOA
KHI LNG KHO GANG THI VAI
• DUONG CHI TRUNG - NGUYEN PHUC HONG - NGUYEN HOANG THU - LE Diic TAM - N G U Y I N THj DAI TRANG
TOMTAT:
Nghidn cffu phdn tich cdc phu'dng an tdn diang nhiet lanh tff qua trinh tdi hda kbf LNG tai kho cang Thi Vai tiJf nSm 2021, trong dd phffdng an phii hpp vdi didu kidn thrfc td' dffdc lffa chpn vd tid^p tuc khao sdt tinh kha thi Id su" dung ngudn nhiet lanh ndy cho qud trinh chuiig cd't khdng khi nham san xua't khi cdng nghiep. Tff md hinh md phong cdng nghe san xud't khi cdng nghiep su" dung ngudn nhiet lanh LNG bang phan mim Unisim, tac gia da danh gid cdc yeu id kinh td' - ky thult eua quy binh. Kd't qua cho thrfy giai phdp sd" dung nbidt lanh sdn xud't khi cdng nghidp ddp ffng dffdc cdc tidu chudn ky thudt cung nhff mang lai hieu qud kinh te' eao.
Tiif khoa: Kho cdng Tbi Vai, khi cdng nghidp, tdi hda khi LNG, nhidt lanh LNG.
1. Dat va'n d^
LNG (natural gas liquids) - khi tff nhien hda long cd thanh phan chinh la kbi metan da dffdc hda long tai nhidt dp rd't tha'p -162''C, lam giam the tich khi 600 lan vdi muc dieh thudn lien trong vide tdn chffa va van chuyen. Vide hda Idng khi Iff nhidn cho phep van chuydn khi dd'n nhffng thi trffdng tidu thu d xa hang nghin km cdch ngudn cung khi ma nhffng phffdng phdp van chuyen truyen thd'ng nhff dffdng dng hay chuyen hda dianh CNG khd cd the thifc hidn dffpc do khdng hieu qua ve kinh td'. (1)
Tai Viet Nam, d^ dap ffng nhu eau tidu thu san pham khi dot ngdy cang tang vd bd sung ngudn cung cap khi trong tffdng lai khi san Iffdng khai thac tff ngudn cung trong nffdc sul gidm, Tong c6ng ty Khi Viet Nam PVGAS da tri^n khai dff an Kho LNG Thi Vdi giai doan 1 vdi cdng sud't 1 trieu td'n/nam, dff kie'n di vao vdn hanh nam 2021 va md rdng len 3-5 trieu td'n/nam sau dd vdi ngudn nguyen lieu LNG nhap khau tff nffdc ngodi
cung cd'p eho ede Nha mdy didn lai khu vffc Ddng Nam Bd. (2)
Khi d\16c nhap khau ve Viet Nam, LNG d irang thai ldng, nbidt dp ra't thap, khdng the sff dung trffc tie'p ma ddi hdi tai cdc kho chffa cdn phai cd trang bi he thd'ng ldi hda khi LNG de ehuyen LNG Iff dang ldng khi va dffa vdo he Ihd'ng dffdng d'ng vdn chuyen de'n cdc hd tidu thu. Trong cac hd ihd'ng tdi hda khi, LNG tff bdn chffa dffdc bdm vao he thd'ng hda hdi tai ap sua't 80 - 120 bar tiiy theo tidu chuan xud't khi. Sau khi dffdc nang dp, LNG dffde chuyd'n sang pha bdi tai ibidt bi trao ddi nhiet, phd bie'n nha't hidn nay la viec SIJ" dung nffdc bien ldm lac nhdn truyen nhiet. Nhu cau su" dung LNG gia lang Irdn the' gidi dd lam tang cdng sua't cac tram tai hda kbi LNG dd'n 757.1 tneu td'n /nam trong nam 2015 vdi 108 tram tdi hda khi. Tuy nhidn, phffdng phdp ndy gay ra sff lang phi ra't Idn ve mat nang Iffdng, trung binh khoang 230 kWh nbidt lanh hi md't trong qua trinh hda khi 1 td'n LNG. Nhffng ldi
S o l -Tiiang 1/2019 417
TAP CHi CONG THIfdNG
ich cua vide tan dung dffdc ngudn nhidl lanh cua LNG gdp phan nang cao hidu qua sff dung nang Iffpng va ban che' tdc ddng tdi mdi trffdng do khdng phat thai nhidt lanh vao nffdc bien. Mat kbdc, do khdng sff dung nffdc bien la tac nhan trao doi nhidl de ca'p nang Iffpng ldi hda kbi LNG, nguy eO an mdn giam, tidu chuan vat lieu, dffdng d'ng se thd'p hPn va giam dffdc gia thanh.
2. Cac giai phap tan dung nhiet lanh LNG kho cang Thi Vai
Cd nhieu cdng nghd sff dung nhidt lanh cua LNG dffdc nghien cffu va ffng dung trong thffc Id', dac bidt tai Nhal Bdn va Han Qud'c la hai qud'c gia nhap khau LNG nhieu nhd't the' gidi. Y tffdng sff dung ngudn nbidt lanh tff LNG de cung cCp cho cae quy trinh trong cdng nghidp dffdc bat dau tff khodng 30 nam trffdc tai Osaka, Nhdt Ban. Cdc phffdng phdp sff diing nhidt lanh LNG phd bien cd the ke de'n Id sdn xud't didn nang, san xud't CO2, di^u hda nhidt dp, bao quan kho lanh vd san xud't khi edng nghidp(3). Tuy nhidn, cd nhieu yd'u to cdn dffdc xem xet kbi tdn dung ngudn nhidt lanh LNG vdo cac be thd'ng trdn. Dd la cdng suat va nhiet dd cua cdc ffng dung sff dung ngudn nbidl lanh LNG phu thudc vao dp suat cua qua trinh phdn phd'i kbi, van de quan trpng dd'p theo la cbdnh lech Idn ve nhidt lanh lai tram tai hda khi LNG vd cac ffng dung tan dung ngudn nhiet nay, phan dffdi ddy se phan tich ky hdn cac quy trinh nay.
Trong cac phffdng phap tren, hffdng tan dung nhiet lanh LNG de san xua't didn nang la giai phap da dffpc phat Iri^n Iff lau tren the'gidi, sd do nguyen ly quy trinh san xuat dien tff nhiet lanh LNG nay the bidn h-ong Hinh 1. Phffdng phdp nay dung nffdc bien hda hPi mdi chat lanh (trong trffdng hdp nay Id propan) lam quay tua bin de phat dien, propan d the bdi dffdc trao ddi nbidt vdi ddng LNG ianh de chuyd'n thanh the' long va lid'p tue chu ky. LNG hda hPi sau kbi trao ddi nhiet vdi mdi chd't lanh dffdc gia nhiet bdng nffdc bien trd thdnh khi Ihffdng pham cung cd'p cho cac hd tidu thu cud'i. Quy irinh sdn xud'l didn nang tff ngudn nhidt lanh LNG can boat ddng d nbidt dp Idn hdn - W C khi sff dung etan lam dung mdi trong chu trinh kin Rankine, chffa td'i ffU trong tan dung nhidt. Trong trffdng hdp su" dung dung mdi Nitd, nhidl dp cd the ha thdp dd'n - I40''C, tuy nhidn quy trinh nay chffa dffpc dp dung ihffc td' trong edng nghidp. Phffdng phdp sff dung nhiet lanh
dd' sdn xud't LNG qua tbffe te' nhieu nam qua da dffdc chffng minh cd hidu sua't tha'p va khdng mang lai bidu qua kmh Id' cao. Do dd tff nam 1992 dd'n nay gan nhff khdng cd thdm dff an mdi ndo dffdc xdy dffng tren die gidi, khd nang dp dung tai kho cdng LNG Thi Vai khd kha tbi.
Hinh 1: Sd do nguyen ly sdn xudt dien t(f nguon nhl$t lanh LNG
I?ng dung nbidt lanh de sdn xud't CO2 long cd the tie't kiem mdl Iffpng Idn didn nang trong qua trinh sdn xud't. Sau khi dffdc nen, khi CO2 se trai qua cae qud trinh loai bd tap chd't va dffdc hda long trong bd trao ddi nhidt vdi LNG (Hinb 2).
Tuy nhidn, nhidt dp qua trinh trdn khdng dffdc tha'p hdn -dO^C nhdm trdnh dat de'n diem ke't tinh cua ddng Idng CO2, do dd ffng dung nay ehffa toi ffu dd' cd the thu bdi nhidl lanh LNG. Ngoai ra, nhu eau CO2 lai Viet Nam khdng eao, ngudn cung Iff cdc cdng ty khi cdng nghiep da dap ffng du nhu eau tidu thu trong nffdc. Dau ra lieu thu sdn pham CO2 khd khan, do dd sff dung giai phdp nhidl lanh LNG dd' san xud't COj chffa phu hdp vdi didu kidn hidn nay,
Tffdng Iff dd'i vdi ffng dung nhiet lanh LNG trong bdo quan kho lanh, cdc loai thuy hai san de bdo quan dffdc td't cdn duy tri nbidt dp tff -75"C de'n -85°C, khoang nhidt dp nay chffa td'i ffti trong tan dung ngudn ngudn lanh LNG (hinh 3). Ben canh do, cdc ffng dung trong kho lanh thffdng khdng ddi hdi mdt Iffdng nhiet lanh Idn vd kho cang Thi Vai khdng phat trien manh theo nganh thuy san ddng lanh. Nhffng khd khan lidn quan de'n an loan va chi phi eao khi sff dung nhffng thiet bi/vdt lidu chiu
HOA HOC-COIIG NGHE THHC PHAM
Hinti 2: Qua trinti san xuat CO2 long tH nguon ntiift ton/i LNG
Hint) 3: Kho Ignh LNG
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^lanh ldm cho cdc giai phdp nay gap khd khan kbi dp dung vao thffc te'.
Ung dung nhidt lanh LNG de san xud't khi cdng nghidp (chffng cd't khdng khi nham thu N^, O2 vd cd the' ea Argon) la mdl giai phap da dffdc bat dau dp dung lai mpt sd' tram nhap LNG Nhdt Ban Iff nhffng nam 1970. Khdng nhff nhffng quy trinh da dffdc de cap Irdn, san xuat khi cdng nghiep ddi hdi he thd'ng chffng ca't khdng khi boat ddng d dai nhidt dp thap bdn: - H C C - -195''C, rd't gan vdi nhidt do -162°C tai kho chffa LNG, do dd quy trinh sdn xuat khi cdng nghiep cd the tan dung gan nhff todn bd nhiet nhidt lanh LNG trong qua trinh tdi hda khi nay. Day la mdl giai phap hffa hen vd dffde danb gid cao tai khu vffc cd thi trffdng khi cdng nghidp nhff Viet Nam.
Cdc quy ttinh san xua't khi cdng nghiep ed tieh hop sff dung ngudn nhiet lanh dffpc LNG chia lam 3 phan chinh: bd ihd'ng xff ly khdng khi, he thdng chffng cd't va he ihd'ng tan dung nhidt lanh LNG. Trong qua trinh nay, khdng khi sau khi di qua cac qua tiinh ndn, Idm lanh va tinh chd' se dffdc lam lanh sau bdi cac bd trao ddi nhidl LNG da ddng, chuyen ve trang thai 2 pha ldng - hdi va lid'p tuc di qua cdc thdp chffng cd't dd' thu dffdc cac khi cdng nghidp. Sd dd nguydn
ly ddn gian quy trinh san xua't khi edng nghidp bang nbidl lanh LNG dffdc thd' hidn d Hinh 4.
Hinh 4: Quy trinh sdn xud't khi cong nghiep ta nhiet lanh LNG
Ik"^
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Theo thd'ng kd, mffc tidu thu nang Iffdng trong trffdng hdp san xua't khi cdng nghidp kd'l hpp nhidt lanh LNG ludn ludn thd'p hdn khoang 50% so vdi mdt nha mdy san xud't khi cdng nghidp van hanh ddc ldp do nguon lanh tff LNG trong qud tnnh tdi hda khi cd the xem Id mi§n phi, Hffdng san xud'l khi cdng nghidp se tao ra ngudn cung O2, N2 Idn cho nen edng nghiep nffdc nha, ddng didi mang lai hieu qud kinh td' cao. Hien lai d Viet Nam, mdi chi ed cdng ty Messer vdi 3 nha may d Hai Dffdng vdi tdng cdng sud't 2.600 ta'n/ngdy, cdng ly khi Viet - Nhat VJG cd quy md 5 nha may vdi edng sud't 1.000 td'n/ngay va cdng ty Linde cd 2 nha may vdi edng sud't 1.350 tan/ngay dang cup ca'p khi cdng nghiep cho thi trffdng. Thffc te', nhu cau Viet Nam trong thdi gian tdi Idn hdn nhieu ngudn cung hidn cd ndy.
Bang 1. Tinh hinh suT dung nhiet Iqnh LNG tren the gi6i Quoc gia
Nhat Ban
Han Qudc Dai Loan Uc Trung Qud'c
Sir dung ngudn nhiet ianh LNG San xuat khi cdng nghiep San xuat CO2 idng va bang khd
Sdn xuat didn nang Tai hda idng BOG Cung cap nhidt lanh cho nha may hda chat
Kho ddng ianh San xuat khi cdng nghiep San xuat khi cdng nghiep San xuat dien nang San xuat khi cdng nghiep San xuat khi cdng nghiep
Sol -Thang 1/2019 419
TAP CHi CONG THirilNB
Trong Bang 1 Id thd'ng ke ve cac hffdng sff dung nhiet lanh LNG tai cdc nffdc Idn:
Tff Bang 1 ed the ihd'y ro xu hffdng hidn nay tai cac qudc gia phdt trie'n nhff Nhal Bdn, Han Qud'c, Ddi Loan, Uc, Trung Qud'e cung dang lap trung theo hffdng idn dung nbidt lanh LNG san xud't kbi cdng nghidp do mang lai hidu qua kinh te' cao.
Qua cdc phdn ticb trdn cho thay giai phap tan dung ngudn nhiet lanh tff qua trinh lai hda kbi LNG dd' sdn xua't khi cdng nghidp cd trid'n vpng nhd't vdi dieu kidn dff dn kho cang Thi Vai. Phan tid'p theo bdi bao nay se lffa chpn cd'u hinh nhd may san xual khi cdng nghidp vd xdy dffng md hinh md phdng quy trinh sdn xua't khi edng nghiep tich hdp tdi hda khi LNG vdi cdng sud't 45 la'n/b - ffng vdi edng sud't kho LNG Thi Vai trong giai doan dau cua dff dn nham phan tich chi tid't hdn vd linh khd tbi cua giai phap nay.
3. Khao sat quy trinh san xud't khi cdng nghidp ttf ngudn nhi^t Ignh LNG
3.1. LUa chgn quy trinh cong ngh^ sdn xudt khi cong nghifp
Cd nhieu quy trinh nhiet do thd'p di tach khdng kbi nham sdn xua't kbi cdng nghidp. Vdi miJC dich chpn cdng nghe td'i ffu, nhdm tdc gia lid'n hanh phan ticb vd lffa chpn quy trinh san xua't kbi cdng nghidp truyen thd'ng ed cbi phi dau tff phu hdp va cha't Iffdng san pham cao, tid'p theo nhdm tid'n hanh tich hdp ngudn nhiet lanh LNG sdn cd vdi cdng nghd dffde lffa chpn vd phdn tich cdc yd'u td kinh te - ky thuat cua quy trinh thdng qua phan mdm md phdng Umsim thudc cdng ty Honeywell.
Cdc quy trinh san xud'l kbi cdng nghiep dffdc phdn loai chu yd'u bdi sd' Iffdng thdp chffng cd't dffdc sff dung. So' Iffdng thap chffng trong quy trinh anh hffdng dd'n dp tinb kbid't san pha'm, hieu sud't sff dung nang Iffdng va chi phi van hanh.
Ngudn nguyen lieu khdng khi vdi thanh phan nitd 78%, nhiet dd sdi -195,9"C; oxy 21%, nhiet dp sdi -182,9"C; thanh phan edn lai khoang 1% Id cdc kbi khac, trong dd cd khi hiem Argon cd thd' dffdc tach tao thdnh sdn pham cd gid tri cao. (4) Dd'i vdi quy trinh cd 1 thdp chffng cd'l, khdng khi se dffde Idcb tap chd't va nen dd'n ap sua't thich hdp, sau dd khdng khi dffdc di qua bd trao dd'i nhidt da ddng dd' lam Ianh sdu irffdc khi chffng cat, Mac du cd ffti did'm giam sd Iffdng thdp chffng
vd nang Iffdng tidu thu, quy trinh nay tao san pham oxy vd nitd cd dd tinb khie't khdng cao (khoang 95%) va cdng sud'i tha'p. De khac phuc vd'n de nay, quy tnnh 2 thap chffng ca't (Hinh 5) ra ddi nham sdn xua't san pham khi cdng nghiep ed ndng dp tinh khie't tren 99% va edng sud't Idn hdn, du tidu td'n nhieu nang Iffdng vd chi phi dau tff cao hdn do phai xdy dffng them 1 thap chffng.
Trong irffdng hdp can thu hoi khi argon ben canh oxy va nitd, quy trinh cdng nghe cd 3 hoac 4 ibap chffng dffde sff dung, luy nhidn ehi phi ddu quy trinh nay cao va van hanh phffc tap.
Qua so sdnh cd the tha'y phffdng phap chffng cd't 2 thap de sdn xuat kbi cdng nghidp phu hdp nha't vdi tinh binh tbffe te'tai Vidt Nam. Bdi nhu cau O2 vd N2 vdi dp tinb khid'l cao la ra't Idn.
3.2. Xdy diing md hinh mo phong quy trinh sdn xud't khi cdng nghidp tich hgp tdi hoa khi LNG
Be ddnh gid chinh xac hdn ve bidu qua eua quy trinh ticb hdp tai hda khi LNG vdi san xud't khi edng nghidp sff dung 2 thap chffng ca't dd lffa chpn, nhdm lac gia da xdy dffng thanh edng md hinh md phdng edng nghd san xud't khi cdng nghidp sff dung ngudn nhiet lanh LNG bang phdn mem Unisim, phidn ban danh cho giao due.
Unisim la phdn mem rd'i manh vd dffdc sff dung rdng rai trong md phdng cdng nghe hda hpc bdi nd cd cdc did'm manh nhff ke't qua md phdng cd dp cbinb xac eao, sat vdi thffc td', md phdng cbinb xac cdc bid'n qua trinh, Irang thdi ddng cdng nghd vd cae Ihdng sd cua tbid'l bi, Ngoai ra, phan mem cdn cd the' phat bidn ldi cua tffng ihid't bi vd ddng cdng nghd, cai dat ihay dd'i mdl so' thdng so' mdt edeh iff ddng hda, hd ird td'i ffu hda qua irinh van hanh cung nhff mffc tidu td'n nang Iffdng.
Sd do md phdng loan bd qua trinh san xua't khi cdng nghiep vdi 2 thap chffng va sff dung ngudn nhiet lanh tff qua trinh lai hda kbi LNG dffde trinh bdy trong Hinh 6. He nhidt ddng Peng-Robinson dffpc lffa chon sff dung do trong quy trinh nay ebi cd cac cau tu" kbi la CH4, Oj, Nj, Ar, H2O.
Trong Sd dd nay, ddng kbdng kbi dau vao 1 dffde nen lan Iffdt qua eae may nen COMPl va C0MP2. Qua mdi cap nen, khdng khi deu dffdc ldm mdt bdi ddng nffdc 26, dffdc bdm tff PUMPl thdng qua cacbd trao ddi nhidt HEXl va HEX2.
Ddng khdng khi 5 di ra tff thie't bi trao doi nhiet
HOA HOC-CONG NGHE T H O C PHAM
, 5: Cdu hinh cong nghe s6n xudt khi cdng nghiep c6 2 thap chOng cat
ifinh 6: Mo phong quy trinh san xudt l<hi cdng nghidp tich hdp nguon Ignh tn tai hoa khi LNG
TAPCHiCtNGTHIfflNG
vrt^ HA ''.""' ^^"^ " • " ' ' " h ''hi trao do'i nhiet V8 d6ng sin pham oxy (dong 8) tai thie't bi trao fc. nhtet HEX3. Dong khf 7 d„ac chia thanh hai dong 6 va 9 sau khi di qua thie't bi tach SEP; hai , °.°8J "" 9 fy aWc lam lanh sau Ichi di qua
?' , ' ly"" ""i "hi?' la dong MHEXl. Cac dong ' , / ! " ' • ^«," ' f i g bo trao dd'i nhiet nay lit dong
" (san pham oxy), dong 24 (san pha'm nita), Jong LNG IN. Sau khi lam lanh sau, cac dong khong khi 10, 12 duOc dua viio thap chung cat cao ap HPC. San pham dinh 17, san phSm day 14 lai dUdc lanh lanh sau khi di qua thie't bi trao do'i nhiel da dong MHEX2. Dong Iam lanh sau duoc sff dung e day la dong san pha'm 23 (nitd tinh kluet). Sau dd, cic dong 15, 18 di qua 2 van VALVEl, VALVE2 ii giam ap suat va nhiet dp tnJdc khi di vao thap chung cat thap ap LPC. San pham cua thap chffng cat LPC la oxy tinh khie't (dong 20), va nitd tinh khiet (dong 23). Cac dong san pham nay la nguon nhiet lanh di trao d6'i nhiet tai cac thie't bi MHEXl, MHEX2, HEX3 nhff da ttinh bay 5 tren.
Dong LNG ban dau co ap suat gan ap sua't khi quyen cSn dffOc ting ip bang bdm PUMP3. Dong LNG IN sau khi trao dt)i nhiet se trd thanh dong LNG OUT da dffdc tit hoa khi.
4. K^t qua va thao lu^n
Thong so ky thuat cic dong vat chat chinh trong sd do mo phong dffdc the hien trong Bang 2.
Nguyen lieu khdng khi (dong 1) d di^u kien 25°C, 1 aim cd Iffu Iffdng la 105 kg/h. Cac ddng san pham dat do tinh khift tit cao, dong 25 (97.96%
N . u i dong 11(99.89% O2).
Nffdc Iam mat dffdc md phong vdi 100% H2O, nhiet do 20°C tai dieu kidn ap sua't khi quyd'n. Sau qua trinh trao dd'i nhiet, ddng nffdc thai ra mdi trffdng (ddng 30) cd nhiet do 39,59°C, ap sua't 14 280 kPa, hoan toan dap iJng quy chuIn nffdc that cdng nghiep.
Ddng LNG dffdc lffa chon trong md phong co thanh phSn gia djnh 100% metan, vdi nhiet do - I62"C va ap sua't 100 kPa, dffpc bdm tif bdn chffa vao thie't bi trao dd'i nhiet da ddng dau ti^n (ddng LNG IN cd nhiet dp -I59,3''C, ap sua't 5000 kPa).
Sau khi thffc hien qui ttinh trao dpi nhiet vdi ddng khdng khi tai bd trao doi nhidt da ddng MHEXl, dong di ra LNG OUT dat nhiet dp -80,18i'C va ap sua't 4990 kPa. Ddng LNG Iuc nay da hpan toan cf the' khi de cd the' dem di tieu thu du ve mat ly thuye't van cp the tie'p tuc tan diing nhiet lanh tif ddng LNG OUT nay.
Thdng sd' 2 thip chffng cS't cao i p HPC va tha'p ap LPC dffdc the' hien trpng Bang 3.
Trpng thffc te, 2 thap HPC va LPC diing chung 1 bd thie't bi reboiler-condenser. Dd'i vdi quy tiinh nay, thip HPC la thap su" dung condenser va thip LPC la thap sii" dung reboiler. Nguon nhiet lanh diing cho Condenser cua thip HPC dffdc tan dung tif thip LPC. Bat toin nang Iffdng se thoa man khi va chi khi QHPC = QLPC- Trpng sd do md phdng, QHPC
= QLPC ^ 1 334.10^ kj/h, thoa man dieu kien dat ra.
Hieu qua kinh te' udc tinh cua dff in dffdc tinh bdi cdng cu Aspen Process Ecpnpmic Analyzer (APEA) va tai lieu (5), chp ke't qua tUPng dd'i chinh xic cic thdng so' ve chi phi dau tff dff in, dffdc thd' hign qua Bang 4.
1 ,__ . , Uruluflng 1
* " ^ ' IW 1
1 1 105 VI \ 2.252'W 1
25 17.7A8M04 ' JIG \ 4.5'104 J<G\N , 4.5'104
. ueoui \ 4.yw
Bang 2. T h o n g s o
TPC)
26.00 13.45 -154
•162.0 -159.3 I .60.18
P(kPa)
101.3 4300 86.00
jlooo
1 5000
| 4 9 9 0
ky thuat c a c d o n g v a t c h d t Thanh phan (mol%) CH,
0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
02 0.210 0.999 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000
Ar 0.780 0.000 0.980 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.010 0.001 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.000
H20
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
HfjAHPC-CONGJGHiJHfCJ™'!
Bang 4. Doanh thu va c a c ctil phi d a u ti*
Ten muc Doanh thu til cac san pham khi cdng nghidp/nam long chi phi thiet bi Tdng chi phi true tiep khac Tdng chi phi xay dung Tong chi phi true tiep Tdng chi phi gian tiep Tdng chi phi true tiep va gian tiep Tong chi phi dau tu dai han Tong chi phi san xuat Tong chi phi dau tu
GiatlSn.USD
29.935.500
14.267.100 2.863.420 10.700.325 27.820.845 4.729.544
32.550.389
48.825.583 5.285.164 50.128 774
Ttf Bang 4 cd the' tha'y trong quy tnnh tren, doanh thu ctia san phlm/nara cao so yd. ch, ph.
dSu tu (tren 50%), cho tha'y dff i n rat kha th, kh, quy trinh nay gidp tie't kiem dffdc dang ke nguon nang lffdng khi tan dung nguon nhiet lanh LNG.
5. Ke'tlujn , Nhdm tic gia da lua chon dffdc quy tnnh san
xua't khi cdng nghiep nhim tan dung nhtet laiih LNG phil hdp vdi dieu kien kho cang Thi Vii, xay dung thanh cdng rad hmh md phong quy trinh nay bing phan mim Unisim. Tff md hinh tren, nhom da tie'n hanh danh gii tinh kinh te - ky thuat cua quy trinh dudc lffa chpn. Ke't qua cho thay viec trien khai dff an la rat kha quan ve mat kinh te Uli so sinh doanh thu hang nam vdi tong chi^ phi dau tff cho quy trinh nay. Hieu qua thffc te ciia dff an cd the tha'p hdn bdi lffdng khi LNG dffOc nhap kha'u va tieu thu se khac nhau do nhu cau tidu thu thay dd'i tiiy theo cic miia trpng nam. Tuy nhien.
xet ve thi trffdng Viet Nam, do nhu cau day manh cdng nghiep hda - hidn dai hda da't nffdc, nhu cdu sii' dung khi cdng nghiep se con phat trien manh trong tudng lai •
IMi cdm dn:
Ngltien ciiu nay dUrjc tai trti bdi TrUbng Bai h^c Ddu ktti Viel Nam trong khudn klidde tai ma so'GVlSOI.
TAI LIEU THAIM KHAO:
;. Bureau Veritas IBV). Center for LNO 2009 [Online], viewed 12 July 2018. from: < wifw.lngacts.org >.
2. Mai Phuang. Kho cang Thi Vai - diem nhan cua PV GAS fOnline]. viewed 30 August 2019 from:
<http.//petrovietnam.petrotimes.vn/ktw-cang-thi-vai'diem-nhan'Cua-pv-sas-499472.htinl >.
3. Phatthi Punyasuldmnaiida and Athikom Bangviwal. "Views from Expert Groups on Criteria: A Case of AHP Application for LNG Cold Utilisation", Sustainable energy technology Asia 2016 conference, 2016.
4. Roxane Edith Helene. Integration of LNG Regasiftcation and Air Separation Units. Norwegian University of Science and Technology. 2017
5. Gavin Towler and Ray Sinnott. Chemical engineering design: Principles. Practice and Economics of Plant and ProcessDeslgn.2ndedition.p.319-321. 2012.
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