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ThS. TRAN VAN MINH Trung tdm khoa hgc phdt trien Tdi nguyen nu&c (Hgi Dap l&n vd Phdt trien Nguon nu&c Vi^t Nam)

Tom tat: Cdc gidi phdp cdp nuac hien nay cho khu vuc Ha Noi vd cdc tinh Dong bang Bdc bp chu yeu van bam dong luc tren he thong song Hong, khoan de khai thdc muc nu&c ngdm, nguy ca den thieu hut trdm trpng nhu cdu nuac cho sinh hoat vd ddn sinh kinh te. Gidi phdpcdc tdc gid de xudt la lay nguon nu&c mat on dinh tie ho Hda Binh, ciing v&i tgn dung nguon nu&c sau phdt dien vai phuang phdp cdp nuac tu chdy true tiep. Nhiem vu cita gidi phdp Id: Cdp nu&c tu chdy cho nong nghiep, moi tru&ng, sinh hogt, cong nghiep cho Hd Npi, Hoa Binh vd mat so tinh lan can vd ditng nguyen ly thiiy ndng de tgo cot nuac cao phun mua cdi tgo khong khi Thit do.

De dn de xudt 2 giai dogn. Giai dogn 1: Tgo nguon nu&c v&i luu luang, cot nu&c cao nhdt tgi khu vuc Ba Vi co the dap ung sir dung nguon nuac Idu ddi on dinh cho hg du, cdp nu&c cho khu vuc phia tdy Hd Npi; Giai dogn 2 hodn thdnh he thong tu&i tu chdy tie nguon nuac song Dd v&i: m&

rong cdp nie&c sang phia Nam, dong Hd Npi, mot so tinh khu vuc Bdc Bp, hodn chinh gidi phdp trii nuac tren he thong song Dd.

Abstract: The solutions for water supply for Hanoi and the Northern Delta mostly based on pumping from Red River System and underground water extraction that leading to the serve water deficiency. The solution the author proposes is using the stable surface water from Hoa Binh Reservoir along the water source after hydropower plant by gravity flow method. The purpose of the solution is supply gravity flow for agriculture, environment, domestic and industry for Hoa Binh, Hanoi and surrounding provinces and using hydro energy in order to generate high water column and make rain that could maintain the atmosphere.

The project proposes 2 implementation stages. In the Stage 1, water source with highest discharge and water column at Ba Vi area is created that could serve stable long-term for downstream and the Western of Hanoi. The Stage 1 involves building water intake construction on Hoa Binh Reservoir- primary water supply station, water conduiting route from Ba Vi area, building secondary water supply station, water conduiting route to upstream of 4 rivers includes Tich River, Day River, Nhue River, ToLich River and West Lake. The Stage 2 involves the completion of gravity pump station from Da river that supplies water for the South, the East of Hanoi and several provinces; and water storage solution on Da River system.

1. DAT VAN DE lugng cae hd chua da dugc phe duyet quy hoach Nhu elu v i d p nude hien nay dang la mdt thity dien bac thang tren 56 ty m^ cao do MNC yeu cau vd cimg cap thiet eho qudc gia, dae biet hd ^80m vdi tdng lugng nude tren luu vye xip cap nude ty chay la mdt nhu cau cd nhieu lgi xi 44 ty "^/nam se dap iing nhu elu sft dung ieh can tan dung va phat huy het nang luc tu nude tu chay cua cac tinh lan can ha luu hd. LSu chay cua cac hd chua, ma hd ehiia nude Hda nay, chiing ta chua ed mgt chien luge d i khai Binh eung vdi ddng chay sdng Da cd du t i i m thae ngudn tai nguyen vd gia nay. Nhu c i u dung nang de thye hien dieu dd. nude ty chay eiia cac hd dimg nude phia ha du Ngudn nude trong Hd Hda Binh vdi tdng hd d i n hang ehyc ty m^ nude mdt nam. Vdi

16 TAP CHf T A I NGUVeN NlTOC S(5 1 2020

• KHOA HOC CONG NGHE • lugng nude chua trong hd Hda Binh va luan

chuyin cac hd khac d thugng luu Hda Binh du cap eho ty chay cho vung rdng Idn cac tinh bac Bd, ma trpng tam la Thu dd Ha Npi.

Nhan dan ca nude da chung tay xay dung thuy dien Hda Binh, San La, Lai Chau va giao cho nganh dien quan ly khai thac 30 nam nay.

Den luc nay, ban bao gid het cac hd tren sdng Da ngoai tao ra dien nang edn cd mpt trgng trach edn Idn hon la cap nude ty chay cho khu vue ha du, raa giai doan dau la cho Thu do Ha Ndi va tinh Hoa Binh. De mdt ngudn nude chat lugng tdt, eao trinh lay nude ty chay thoai mai tren Hd Hda Binh ma lai trdn lan nude sdng Hdng chat lugng thap hon, cao do khd long dan tao ngudn de bam, ehua ndi gi den tao ra ddng nude ty chay la mpt sy phung phi tai nguyen nude.

Thu Dd Ha Ndi va tinh Hda Binh la nhung ddi tugng phuc vu vd cung hieu qua do cd nhieu lgi the trong viee cap nude ty chay dd va lau dai la cae tinh lan can.

Vi sy phat trien ben vftng cua ngudn nude, chung tdi xin de xuat phuang an cap nude ty chay chinh cho khu vuc ha du hd Hoa Binh, thong qua giai phap chinh:

+ Lay nude true tiep nude tu thugng luu hd Hda Binh phuc vu cho ha du;

+ Ket hgp bd sung ngudn nude tryc tiep sau Hd Hda Binh tren sdng Da de tSn dung ngudn nude da duge phat dien.

+ Bd sung dung tich trft nude cho ho Hda Binh thdng qua hd trg cac nha may thuy dien phia thugng ngudn sdng Da tren he thdng. Bd sung mdt sd hd phia ha du de trft nude thua ciia hd Hoa Binh trong nhftng nam thua nude.

+ Phat trien cac dich vu khac sau khi cd nude tu chay phong phii vdi edt nude dam bao phat triin da lgi ich.

2. NOI DUNG NGHIEN ClTU DAU TU"

CAP NtT^C TlT CHAY TU" NGUON NlfOc SONG DA

Di xuit nghien ciiu thanh 2 giai doan chinh sau:

+ Giai dogn 1: Khai thac ngudn nude mdt each triet de tai sdng Da (thugng luu va ha luu hd Hda Binh) di phuc vu Ha Npi va thanh phd Hda Binh; trong do mpt phan phia Tay bac Ha Ndi va tinh Hda Binh la chu yeu.

Cimg vdi viec cung cap ngudn nude cho 2 vung chinh la Ha Ndi va Hda Binh. De ngd cira cap nude thu cap eho cac giai doan sau

+ Giai dogn 2: Md rdng cap nude sinh hoat cho toan bp khu vyc Ha Ndi cdn lai va cap nude sinh hoat mgt phan cac tinh lan can; Cap nude tu chay cho Ndng nghiep mgt sd vimg lan can Ha Ndi: Phii Thp, Vmh Phuc, Bae Ninh, Hung yen, Hai Duong, Ha Nam, thdng qua he thdng thuy lgi Bac Hung Hai va cac tuyen dan eiia tram bam tren sdng Da, sdng Hdng, sdng Dudng.

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2.L Ndi dung dau tir cua giai doan 1 Giai doan 1: Cap nude cho Hda Binh va phia huxi sdng Hdng eua Ha Ndi.

Giai doan IA: Tao ngudn tai khu vye Ba Vi

TAP CHf TAI NGUYEN Nl/OCSO 1-2020 17

va d p nude chinh eho 4 con sdng d phia Tay HaNgi.

u. Npi dung dau tu: Giai dogn IA vd giai dogn IB

Giai dogn IA, gdm 4 muc: Cdng trinh cap nude so cap, cdng trinh din nude tu cdng trinh cap nude sa cap den khu cap nude thft cap, edng trinh elp nude thu cap va tuyen din tu khu thft cap din khu vye thugng ngudn 4 con sdng.

1. Xdy dirng Cong trinh cdp nu&c sa cap: tai hd Hda Binh dam bao myc nude cap nhd nhat cao do 80,00m; luu lugng 250m3/s: Cdng dupe lam mdi hoac sft dung cae bd phan eu cua cdng trinh, hoac ket hgp xay dyng cung vdi cdng liy nude cua giai doan 2 thiiy dien Hda Binh.

2. Xdy tuyen ddn nuac ve khu cdp nir&c thir cdp Xay dung eac edng trinh tu ha lira edng den khu cap nude thu cap sd 1, mdt sd edng trinh cap nude cho tinh Hda Binh va cac khu dan cu tren dudng dan. Xay dung khu cap nude thu cap khu vyc Ba Vi. Cd 4 phuang an lam tuyen dan tft hd Hda Binh ve khu cap nude thu c ^ . Tao cfta liy nude eho tinh Hda Binh. Phuang an nao cung phai dara bao lim lugng va cot nude tren mdi dap irng dugc da lgi ich cua sft dung nude ty chay dat eao do tdi thieu 40,00m, luu lugng 250 m^/s tai khu cap nude thu cap khu vyc Ba Vi. Cae phuang an cdng trinh deu ket hgp dudng dng ap luc, kenh hd, dudng ham;

3. Xdy dung khu cdp nu&c thie cdp: Khu vuc ddi niii Ba Vi gdm khu chua nude khu cap nude va cae khu vyc khac.

4. Xay dung tuyen dan nude tu khu eSp nude thft cap ve thugng ngudn 4 eon sdng: song Tieh, sdng Day, sdng Nhue va sdng Td Lich. Cd 4 giai phap d§ lua chgn la: dudng dng kun loai cd ap, ddng chay khdng ap tan dung sdng sudi eu, eac tuyen giao thdng da duge quy hoaeh, hanh lang dudng giao thdng va kit hgp cac phuong an dd de chuyen nude tft khu thu d p vi.

Giai dogn ndy quan trpng nhdt cua dir dn cdp nu&c tu chdy cua songDd

Giai doan IB: Cap nude cho cac khu khae eua Ha Ndi. Xay dyng tiep cac hang muc vi d p

nude phin sau khu thu d p cho eac nhu d u nude theo dy an (nude sinh boat, nude cho mdi trudng, nude tudi cho ndng nghiep v.v.) se lya chgn tren nguyen tic kit hgp &k dam bao kinh te ky thuat nhat.

LTu diem giai phap nay la khong phai phu thudc vao myc nude ha luu sdng Da, ehi lam dap dang ha luu cdng ISy nude tu sdng Da miie dp it tae ddng mdi trudng sinh thai nhit va giam thiiu tdn that phat dien eiia Nha may thuy dien Hda Binh, la nang cap tren ca sd khoa hgc dy an sdng Tich tft edng Luong Phii ve thi xa San Tay.

Tan dung cae dy an c ^ nude hien ed de thye hien nhiem vu cap nude tu chay day du va tiet ki$m nude. Cdng trinh nao ed kha nang cap nude tu chay thi nen phat huy va phan vimg ehi tiet, cdng trinh nao ma bom 2 cap thi thay the din.

Giai doan IB: se chuan bi hd so thiet ke ngay sau khi giai doan 1A khdi cdng, hoan thanh sau 5 nara de thi cdng ndi tiep eac hang myc edng trinh va hoan thanh de phat huy hieu qua sdm.

Nghien ciiu bd sung nhiera vy ciia dy an ngay sau khi giai doan IA cua dy an duge khdi cdng va trinh Thu tudng Chmh phii de md rdng khu vye su dung nude, su dung hieu qua ngudn nude ty chay sau khi ehinh thue xac dinh duge myc nude, luu lugng tai khu cdp nude thu d p sd 1.

Trong giai doan IB can nghien cuu giai phap tdng the ngudn nude Sdng Da dam bao du nude tu chay eho ha du va it tac dgng den mdi trudng phat dien nhat, xay dyng cac kho tru nude di dam bao an toan ve ngudn nude.

Giai doan 2 tiep tuc duge nghien eiiu khi giai doan IA duge thye hien la ed du diiu ki?n luu lugng, cot nude de nghien ciiu cac giai doan sau cap nude sinh hoat va ndng nghiep eac tinh khu vye ddng bang bae Bg.

3. CAC NOI DUNG DAU TU" KHAC SAU KHI HINH THANH KHU CAP NU^dC THU" CAP

Cd ngudn nude phong phu vdi mpt eao dp thich hgp chenh lech vdi khu vye ed nhu elu d p nude hang chuc met la lgi the de thuc hien nhftng ftng dyng ky thuat trong nguyen ly bom thuy 18 TAP CHf TAI NGUYEN Nl/(3C SO 1 -2020

• KHOA HOC CONG NGHE • nang de tao ra nhung san phim su dyng nang

lugng nude dua nude len cao khdng can su dung dien nang dd la:

-^ Tao nhimg dai phun nude eao hang tram met tren ca sd nguyen ly thuy nang;

+ Tao nhftng thae nude nhan tao eao hang tram met lara eanh quan du lich;

+ Tao nhimg hd nude nhan tao ed cao do cao hon cao dd myc nude trara thu cap hang chuc m6t du di cung elp nude ty chay cho cac khu dat cd dia hinh eao hon dia hinh khu thft cap. Sft dung mdt phin ngudn tai tao nay vao budi dem khi ragi ngudi du lich da nghi khdng can ngam thac nude, dai phun nude;

+ Tao mua nhan tao tren eac dai phun nude cao hang tram met trong thanh phd (tao mpt sd dai phun mua nhSn tao ed the ket hgp trSn eac nha eao ting) lgi dung chieu gid thdi de cai tao khi hau Thu dd theo hudng tieh cye hon.

Chinh nhd nhftng diSu dd ma khu vye dat khu cap nude thu cap sd 1 la vimg con ngudi cd the sft dyng sfte nude tao ra cac san phim nhan tao khdng can dimg dien nang. Tao khu Ba Vi thanh khu phat trien du lich, nghi dudng ket hgp vdi phat trien bat ddng san.

+ Mpt kien tnic tdng the dugc hinh thanh tai khu cap nude thu cap ngay khi phe duyet dy an giai doan IA s6 tao canh quan tuyet vdi cho Ha Ndi ndi lien gifta con ngudi vdi thien nhien, dat trdi theo tm nguong ciia ngudi Viet;

+ Khi hau se dugc cai tao mot each tich cue nhd tao mua nhan tao tft eac thap nude khdng phai dimg dien nang de bam.

+ Phat triSn dau tu bSt ddng san, khu nghi dudng vdi viee ehu ddng lua chgn cac khu cd nhieu tien ieh trong viee sft dung nude, dac biet la vung cd dieu kien quy hoach cai tao khi hau thi gia ca vd eung canh tranh ddi vdi cac vung khae.

4. PHU^ONG THlTC D A U TU^

£)e xudt cdc hinh thiec ddu tu sau Nha nude va doanh nghiep eung dau tu xay dyng cdng trinh de cd ngudn nude elp theo nguyen tac:

1. DIU tu cfta Nha Nude theo luat dau tu cdng;

2. Nha nude diu tu de d p nude radi trudng, cap nude Ndng nghiep; Nha dau tu ed thdi ban duge phep kinh doanh cac dich vu cap nude khae. Sau thdi han dau tu Nha dau tu ban giao tai san eho Nha Nude vdi nguyen tae:

Binh ding quyen lgi khi khai thac du an. Cac ben bd ra kinh phi tuong duong ty le hudng ngudn nude tai cae khu cap nude thft cap. PhSn edng viee eung phan chia quan ly tuong ling vdi kinh phi cae ben bd ra.

Quyen Igi:

+ Nha nude hudng: ngudn nude mdi trudng, nude ndng nghiep tu chay mat, nude de dieu hda cai thien khi hau, khdng khi va cae lgi ich xa hdi khac. Hai ben thda thuSn Luu lugng cap cho mdi trudng va ndng nghiep ty chay mat tdi da, cai tao khdng khi. vdi tdng lugng nude tdi thieu 2,5 ty m3/nani, ngay sau khi dy an ed ngudn nude tai tram thft cap (dy kien 4 nam ke tft khdi edng, tai tram thft cap sd 1 mdi trudng Ha Ndi bat dSu ddn nhan ngudn nude. Phan nay Nha dau tu khdng thu eua cac hp ndng nghiep dimg nude ma trft din vao kinh phi eua Nha nude ddng gdp phan elp ngudn. Nhu vay Gia tri kinh phi mdi trudng, ndng nghiep va cai tao khdng khi se duge Nha dau tu hoan tra dan cho Nha nude bang ngudn nude cap tai tram thft cap den khi sft dung het phan kinh phi Nha nude dau tu.

+ Nha dau tu duge hudng: cap nude sinh hoat, nude cho dieh vu, cdng nghiep, dieh vu cap nude ty chay cd ap de phat trien ndng nghiep tien tien phSn ngudn nude edn lai.

Sau khi hoan vdn cdng trinh giai doan IA Nha nude ciing doanh nghiep se eimg chia lgi nhuSn khi cap nude tai tram thu cap theo nguyen tac gdp cd phan khi xay dyng cdng trinh, den khi het thdi han dau tu, nha dau tu tra lai toan bd ca sd ha tang phin doanh nghiep quan ly cho Nha nude. Dy kiin diu tu tu 40-50 nam.

3. Doanh nghiep dau tu hoan toan, Nha nude dat hang cho doanh nghiep ve nude mdi trudng va nude Ndng nghiep, phan nude sinh boat va

TAP CHI T A I NGUYEN NL/OCSO 1-2020 19

nude dieh vu cdng nghiep theo quy luat thi trudng cd dieu tiet eua Nha nude. Nha nude hd trg doanh nghiep lam thii tue dau tu.

Day la ragt hinh thue ma Nha nude hoan toan khdng bd vdn dau tu ma chi tao dieu kien eho Nha dau tu bd vdn hoan toan. Nha nude se mua lai ngudn nude do bang each tao dieu kien cho Nha thau diu tu va iing tien trudc mua nude eho Nha dau tu. Vdi eac thda thuan chmh:

+ Sd lugng nude tdi thieu hang nam, thdi ban cap de Nha dau tu eung cap tai nhung vi tri thupc quy dinh giua 2 ben;

+ Dan gia cap nude ty chay vdi nguyen tae tinh don gia theo mftc gia cap nude eho ndng nghiep thuc te d cae cdng trinh tuong tu.

Nha dau tu: chiu trach nhiem bd ra phan vdn cdn lai thdng qua: vdn ty cd, vdn huy dpng cd phieu va vdn vay uu dai ngSn hang. Quan ly dieu hanh mgi boat dpng kinh doanh cua du an.

5. TONG HOP NHUNG M y c TIEU NHIEM VU Dir KIEN D^T DlTOfC

Ve mye tieu nhiem vu nghien eiru eua phuang an cap nude tu chay: Dap iing thda man mpi nhu cau ve nude tu chay giai doan 1 cho Ha ndi d bd him sdng Hdng va phia ddng tinh Hda Binh vdi:

+ Thda man mgi dieu kien vS sd lugng, eao dp rayc nude ty chay khi su dung nude sinh hoat cho Thu Dd va radt sd tinh lan can;

^- Cap nude tudi tu chay va dieu kien de thuc hien hien dai hda ndng nghiep tudi phun, tudi am, tudi tien tien eho toan bd canh ddng phia Tay Bac thanh phd tren 30.000ha. Tao dieu kien chu dpng quy hoach ndng nghiep timg loai cay trdng va timg vimg san xuSt theo nhu cau dat dai thd nhuong (gan lOO.OOOha) vi da ed ehu ddng ngudn nude va cao dp, bdi bien phap tudi hoan toan chu ddng; ddng thdi bd sung ngudn nude eho eac khu tudi phia Tay nara thanh phd;

+ Lam sdng lai toan bd eac eon sdng d phia huu sdng Hdng ket hgp tach nude thai cdng nghiep cai tao ddng sdng;

+ Bo sung thda man ve sd lugng va cao trinh muc nude tren cae hd d phia tay bac thanh phd khi cd nhu cau de phat trien du lich;

+ Cap nude cho cdng nghiep, dich vy va cac nhu can ty chay khac;

+ Cai tao khi hau chit lugng khdng khi mdi trudng thanh phd bang viee ehu ddng giam nhi?t dp cac khu dan cu ddng due lam sach khdng khi, do khdi bui edng nghiep giao thdng tao ra. Dimg nguyen ly thiiy nang de thye hien tao cot nude eao;

+ Tao ngudn nude de nudi trdng thuy san phat trien chan nudi;

4- Phat triin du lich, nghi duong va bat ddng san;

+ Thdi gian bat dau dau tu den khi bat dau phat huy hieu qua trong vdng 4 nam;

+ Thdi gian hoan vdn nhanh trong vdng 10 nam ki tft khi bat dau bd vdn xay dung;

+ Thdi gian khai thac cdng trinh vd thdi han.

6. BAI TOAN KINH TE DAU TU*

1. Kinh phi huy dpng ddu tu (Giai dogn IA):

Nha nude cam ket sft dung tren 2,5 ty m^

nude hang nam cho Ndng nghiep va mdi trudng.

Khdi diem Nude eho Ndng nghiep 1.500 d/m^, nude cho mdi trudng 2.000 d/m .

Nhirng ngudn cd nhu cau khae chiing tdi xay dyng gia cap nude eho Nha dau tu cung cap dieh vu theo gia bang 85% mftc trung binh cua gia cap nude hien nay. Giai doan 1 A nude tao ngudn t£ii khu cap nude thu cap:

+ Gia nude sinh hoat 3.500d/m^;

+ Gia nude dich vu va cdng nghiep: 4.000d/m^;

+ Gia cae dieh vu khae: 5.000/m^.

Gia nude se tinh theo he sd bien ddng gia ti§u dimg muc tang 4%/ nam.

/)«• kien tien dp vd kinh phi dau tu: V&i giai doan IA du kien thai gian thuc hien vd mirc M hodn von v&i cdc hinh thiec ddu Ur, theo cdc phuang an sau:

a- Nha nude dau tu hoan toan;

b- Nha nude dau tu 60% giai doan 1A doanh nghiep dau tu 40% giai doan 1 A;

c- Nha nude diu tu 60% giai doan 1A doanh nghiep diu tu 40% giai doan IA, nhung uy thae eho doanh nghiep hoan toan.

d- Doanh nghiep diu tu, Nha nude su dung san phim nude ty chay phyc vu eho mdi trudng

20 TAP C H I T A I NGUYEN N U ( 5 C S C 1 -2020

• KHOA HOC CONG NGHE • tai thugng ngudn 4 con sdng ehinh va ndng

nghiep tai khu elp nude thft elp vdi mftc do ca 2 nhu elu tren 2,5 ty m^/nam.

De hai hda lgi ieh, edng trinh sdm hoan thanh va tiet kiera ehi phi eho xa hdi chung tdi de nghi thuc hien theo phuang an c hoac phuang an d.

Du kiin kinh phi 2,5 ty USD.

Dtf kiin giai dogn IB la 1,5 ty USD 1. KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI Dang le giai p h ^ liy ngudn nude tryc tiep ho Hda Binh phai cd ke hoach thyc hien ngay trong viec nghien ciiu lgi dyng tdng hep ngudn nude sdng Da tai thdi diem khdi cdng xay dung nha may Thuy dien Hda Binh. Nhung do tinh cap thiet ve nhu cau dien, nen giai doan nay chua xet den. Hien nay sy phat trien da dang cua cung cq) dien nang cd dieu kien de nghien eiiu lai viec su dung ngudn nude tren sdng Da, hd Hda Binh va cae hd thuy dien khac mpt each kinh te - ky thuat cho xa hdi nhit.

Myc nude mat cac sdng ehinh ngay cang xudng thip, myc nude ngam bi can kiet la d u hieu vd cftng khd khan eho cap nude Thu do va cac tinh vimg ddng bang Bac bp. Khdng nen de hang nam phai xa xudng bien hang ty m^ nude (ddng xuan 2017-2018 xa 3,2 ty m^ nude xa xudng sdng Hdng), myc tieu la dang diu nude de thao vao cac true din tao ngudn cho bam dpng hre, de ehi nhan lai cho nganh Ndng nghiep mpt phin nhd lugng nude tren

Thdi ky nay la co hdi eudi eung de khai thac ngudn nude sdng Da tren hd Hda Binh bang ty chay di d p cho nen dan sinh kinh te. Bdi le, ngay trong giai doan nay de tim mpt giai phap that thich hgp dua nude tft cac edng lay nude xay dung trong hd Hda Binh den khu ha luu la vd vimg khd khan do ha lira hd Hda Bmh se la mdt thanh phd phat trien rat nhanh, viec bdi thudng giai phdng mat bang cang ngay rat khd khan, tdn kem. Hudng hd khoang 5 nam, 10 nam nfta khi gifta Ha Ndi vdi Hda Binh giao thdng thuan lgi, tdc do xay dung phat trien ram rd nhu hien nay tao thanh mdt dudng phd ndi tft Ha Ndi den Hda Bmh thi khdng ai dam nghi ragt giai phap hgp ly nao eho tuyin dan nude chay true tiep tft hd nfta.

Chiing ta se cd ldi vdi the he sau neu ngay liie

nay khdng ed chu trucmg nghien cuu mdt each thIu dao va nhanh ehdng trien khai timg budc dimg nude sdng Da tren hd Hda Binh de cap nude ty chay cho khu vyc ha du hd ma Thu dd Ha Ndi la khu vyc trpng diem nhit. Ve chien luge cd the hd trg xay dyng them 1 sd nha may thuy dien thugng ngudn sdng Da theo quy hoach (tren 5 ty m^) de bu lugng nude se sft dung cho cap ty chay.

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Dua duge ngudn nude sach tu chay hoan toan cho Thu Dd nhu cap mdt ddng mau mdi cho ca the con ngudi de cd day du dudng sinh de tdn tai va phat trien; cd mdt ngudn nude sach cho Ha Npi va khu vuc ddng bang Bae Bd yeu dau ciia chiing ta phat trien ben virng, ve lau dai edn ed diiu kien cap nude ty chay cho mdt sd tinh khae.

De nghi chinh quyen thanh phd Ha Ndi, tinh Hda Binh, Chmh Phu cho nghien cuu giai phap tdi uu eSp nude ty chay tu ngudn nude Sdng Da, tun ddi tae dau tu dy an la eac Nha diu tu trong nude hoac nude ngoai theo ndi dung cua giai doan 1 cang sdm cang tdt, vi ly do nam 2020 du an Thuy dien dgt 2 bd sung khdi cdng, de sdm cftng phdi hgp lap eac giai phap lay nude tu Hd Hda Binh.

Ddi vdi viec xay tuyen din cdng trinh thdng thudng nhu cae cdng trinh din tudi thuy lgi. Tinh phftc t ^ la giai p h ^ hgp ly, tuyen chpn va hinh thuc chay ciia ddng din se quyet dinh den kha nang dan va kinh phi eho xay dyng cdng trinh. Neu lua chpn im viet duge eac yeu td tren se giam kinh phi nhieu lan so vdi giai phap thdng thudng. Vi vay ddi hdi nha tu van can cd hieu biet sau sac ban chat ddng chay, kinh nghiem va sy sang tao trong lua chgn phuang an. Sau nhieu thdi gian nghien ciiu rat nhieu giai ph^, hien nay chiing tdi da tim dugc mpt sd phuang an din nude dap iing cae yeu cau trea

Nha nude nen td ehftc thi tuyen phuang an din nude de cac td chuc ca nhan trong nude tham gia phuang an de lya chgn phuang an tdi uu.

Ngu&i phdn bien: TS. Tran Nhon Phdn bien xong: 01/2020

TAP CHI T A I NGUYEN N U O C SO 1 -2020 21