^ Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014
NGHIEN CU'U CHIET XUAT DAU TIT HAT VITNG DEN BANG PHUaWG P H A P CHIET SIEU T a i HAN
Chtf Van IVIgn*, Nguyin Trong Diep*, Nguyin Van Long*, Nguyen Duy Bac*, Sang Yo Buyn**
T O M TAT
Trong nghien ciTu nay, chung toi tien hanh nghien cyu chiet xuat dau tir hat vyng den bang phu'dng phap chiet xuat sieu tdi han. Cac thdng so chiet xuat sieu tdi han cd anh hu'dng ro ret den ty le dau viTng den chiet dirdc theo xu hu'dng cang tang nhiet dp, ap suat va toe do dong cang lam tang ty le dau chiet du'dc; giam kfch thu'dc tieu phan lam tang ty le dau vimg den va riit ngan du'dc thdi gian chiet. Ty ket qua khao sat, chiing tdi da lya chpn dUde dieu kien toi liu cho qua trinh chiet xuat: Nhiet dp ehiet 60''C, ap suat 400bar, toe do ddng COi 45g/phut, kfch thu'dc nguyen lieu 315 - 800 pm, thdi gian chiet 180 phiit. Ty le dau vyng den chiet du'Oc bang phu'dng phap chiet sieu tdi han trong 3 gid bang khoang 90% khi chiet bang ether dau hoa trong 8 gid. Dau vyng den chiet bang phu'dng phap sieu tdi han cd chat lu'dng tot hdn so vdi chiet bang dung mdi hyu cd, the hien d chf so iod eao hdn, ehi sd acid va xa phdng hda thap hon, ham lu'dng acid beo khong no cao hdn.
Tu'khda: Chiet sieu tdi han, vyng den, hieu suat.
S U M M A R Y
STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION OF BLACK SESAME O I L U S I N G SUPERCRITICAL
FLUID EXTRACTION In this study, the extrabon of black sesame oil using supercritical fluid extraction was studied.
Extraction condihons strongly influences on the extraction yield with positive relationship. When the temperature, pressure and flow rate of CO? increased, the extraction yield increased; the decrease of raw material particle size shortened extraction time. From our investigation, the optimal conditions were selected: 60°C, 400 bar, 45 g/minute of CO2, 315-800 pm partiicle size and extraction time of 180 minutes.
The extraction yield using SFE In 3 hours was equal to the extraction yield using petroleum ether in 8 hours.
The black sesame oil extracted in SFE had a better quality compared with that of organic solvent extraction, which expressed as higher iodine, lower acid and saponification indices and higher unsaturated fatty acid content.
Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction, black sesame, yield.
* Hgc vien Quan y Viet Nam
**Dai hocAjou, Han Quoc
Phan bien khoa hgc: TS Vu Binh Du'dng
I. BAT V A N OE
Chiet xuat sieu tdi han (Supercritical fluid extraction) du'dc biet den t y nam 1879, nhuTig nhCTng nam gan day mdi du'dc ap dung rpng rai, dac biet la trong cdng nghiep san xuat thuoc, thye pham va my pham. Phu'dng phap nay co nhieu u'u diem hdn eae phu'dng phap ehiet xuat truyen thdng nhu': nhiet dp chiet thap, ft gay phan hiiy nhu'ng chat nliay cam vdi nhiet; cd kha nang hda tan chpn Ipn va cd the dieu chinh dl dang khi thay ddi nhiet dp va ap suat; san pham thu du'dc tinh khiet, khdng cdn ton du' dung moi;
dung mdi sy dung thdng thu'dng nhat la CO2 co dae tinh trd, khdng doe va gia thanh thap; la phu'dng phap an toan vdi ngu'di san xuat va than thien vdi mdi tru'dng [3], [7].
Hien nay, de che tao dau vyng ngu'di ta thu'dng ap dung phu'dng phap ep truyen thong, phu'dng phap nay eho dau cd chat lu'dng tot nhu'ng hieu suat khdng eao. Cdn phu'dng phap chiet bang dung mdi hu'u cd cd hieu suat cao nhu'ng san pham khdng tinh sach do nguy cd ton du" dung mdi hu'u ed va gia thanh san xuat cao.
De khac phyc nhu'dc diem cua hai phu'dng phap tren, chiet xuat sieu tdi han la mpt giai phap bo sung va thay the de san xuat dau vyng cho ehat lu'dng tdt, ed the dap yng cac tieu chuan eua nguyen lieu lam thuoc va my pham. Trong nghien cyu nay, chung tdi bao cao ket qua nghien cyu chiet xuat dau vyng bang phydng phap sieu tdi han.
M. NGUYEN VAT LIEU VA PHU'aNG PHAP NGHIEN CU'U
2.1. Nguyen lieu
- Du'dc lieu: Hat vyng den du'dc mua d Phd lin dng - Ha Ndi vao thang 8/2012. Nguyen lieu du'dc nghien mjn, say kho den khi dat ham am nhd hdn 5%, ray de lya chpn kich thu'dc tieu phan thich hdp.
- Hda chat:
+ Chat chuan: Acid palmitic. Acid stearic, Add oleic. Acid linoleic cua hang Sigma Aldrich.
Y HQC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014 + Hoa chat phan tfch: Ether dau hda, Diethyl
ether, Iod monodorid. Kali iodid, Natri thiosulfat, Natri thiosulfat..dat tieu chuan tinh khiet phan tich. CO; Idng do tinh khiet 99,9%.
2.2. Thiet bj, d u n g cu
+ Thiet bi chiet xuat sieu tdi han Thar MS2000 - My. Dung tich binh chiet 2000 ml, binh tach dung tich 1000ml, diieu khien bang may vi tinh, CO tuan hoan dung mdi.
+ May sac ky khi Shimazu - Nhat. Can phan tfch Metier dp chinh xac den 0 , l m g . Bp chiet soxlhet.
2.3. Phu'dng ph^p nghien cu'u - Phu'dng phap chiet xuat dau vyng bang dung moi hihj cd: 50g bpt vyng den chiet soxlhet vdi dung mdi la ether dau hda d nhiet dp 60°C trong 8 gid. Dich chiet du'dc cd thu hoi dung mdi du'di ap xuat giam, tiep tuc loai dung mdi bang sue khf CO2 lien tuc trong 1 gid. Ly tam vdi toe dp 7000 vdng/ phiit, thu phan dau Idng, can va xac djnh cac ehi so chung cua dau vyng den.
- Phu'dng phap sieu tdi han:
Cho bpt vyng den cho vao tiii vai, nap vao trong binh chiet. Cai dat cac thdng so ve nhiet dp, ap xuat, tdc dp dong, bat may va thiet bj lam lanh.
Khi dat du'dc cac thong sd nhu' eai dat, md van d ^ CO2 Idng t y binh chya di qua bd phan lam lanh sau dd du'dc bdm nen de tang ap suat, C02 du'dc dan tiep qua thiet bj lam ndng de nang nhiet dp, khi do COz Idng se chuyen thanh trang thai sieu tdi han roi du'dc dan vao binh ehiet, Tai
binh chiet (da nap nguyen lieu) du'dc kiem soat ve nhiet do va ap suat de duy tri CO2 sieu tdi han theo dung eac dieu kien khao sat. Dau viTng va eac thanh phan than dau khac du'dc hda tan trong CO? sieu tdi ha_n va du'dc chiet ra khdi nguyen lieu sau dd dan qua bo phan giam ap tru'dc khi den binh tach. Binh tach du'dc kiem soat de giam ap suat va nhiet do, khi do CO2 d trang thai sieu tdi han chuyen thanh trang thai khi va mat kha nang hda tan dau vyng. Dau vyng lang xudng du'di va du'dc lay ra ngoai nhd bd phan lay mau. CO2 d the khi du'dc dan sang binh ngutig tu da du'dc lam lanh de chuyen thanh the Idng va sau dd du'dc bdm nen tuan hoan lai he thdng va qua trinh chiet xuat tiep tuc.
- Phu'dng phap xac djnh mdt sd chi sd chung eiia dau vyng den:
-I- Chi 50 iod; tien hanh theo phu luc 7.5 ciia DOVN IV,
+ Chi sd acid: tien hanh theo phu luc 7.2 eiia DDVN IV,
+ Chi sd xa phdng hoa: tien hanh theo phu (uc 7.7 ciia DDVN IV,
+ Chi so ester; tien hanh theo Phu luc 7.3 ciia DDVN IV.
- Djnh lu'dng acid beo trong dau vyng den: Mau dau vyng den thu du'dc bang phu'dng phap chiet sieu tdi han va dung mdi hffu cd du'dc giy phan tich tai Phdng ddng du'dc - Vien kiem nghiem thudc Trung u'dng.
III. K E T Q U A T H l / C N G H l f M VA BAN LU^N
3 . 1 . Chiet x u a t d a u vuTng d e n b a n g d u n g m o i hu'u c d Ket qua du'dc the hien d bang 1.
Bang i. Ket qua chiet dau trong hat vimg den bang dung moi hffu ed STT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Khoi lu'dng nguyen lieu (g)
50,15 50,31 50,45 50,12 50,26 50,06
Khoi lu'dng dau (g)
20,56 20,49 20,96 19,36 20,72 19,16 Trunq binh ± SD
Ty le % (l<l/kl) dau
trong hat viTng39,84 40,72 41,54 38,62 41,23 38,28 40,04 ± 1,36
PhiTdng phap dieu che dau vung bang chietsoxhiet chiet vdi dung mdi hu'u cd thu'dng sir dyng trong kiem djnh hoSc xac djnh ham lu'dng d I u b t o trong thyc vat. Dung moi chiet cd the dung ether dau hoa, doroform, n-hexan... Trong
Ghi chi): Ham am nguyen lieu la 2,8%.
nghien ciru nay, ehiing tdi sy dyng ether dau hda de ehiet xuat vdi muc dfch la xac djnh ty le dau vyng ciia nguyen lieu dau vao, lam cd sd de so sanh vdi phu'dng phap chiet sieu tdi han, Ket qua d bang tren eho thay: khoi lu'dng dau trong hat
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014 vyng den la 40,04 ± 1,36 %. Dau thu du'dc ed
mau nau den, san pham sau khi cd loai dung mdi cd nhieu can khdng tan, can nay cd the la cac tap chat t y vd lan vao anh hu'dng den chat lu'dng ciia dau va tao cho dau cd mau nau den. Mpt sd nghien cyu thi ham lu'dng dau trong hat vyng den thi/dng dao ddng trong khoang 40-60%, tuy nhien ham ludng nay tiiy thudc vao giong loai, dieu kien khi hau, tho nhudng viing tham canh [4].
3 . 2 . Ket qua chiet x u a t cfau vuTng den bang CO2 sieu t d i h a n
3.2.1. Anh hu'dng ciia nhiet dp Tien hanh chiet xuat dau vyng den d cung dieu kien: ap suat chiet 300bar, tdc dd ddng 40g/
phiit, kieh thu'dc tieu phan du'dc lieu 800 - 1,000 pm nhu'ng d cac nhiet dp 40, 50 va 60°C. Ket qua the hien d hinh 1.
Hinh 1. Ty le dau vyng ehiet du'dc d cae nhiet dp khac nhau theo thdi gian 20,000
Iti.OOO
10,000
5,000
, ^
,000
30 ^0 90 1:0 150 1$0 Thoi gian (f'huti Ket qua d hinh 1 cho thay: Nhiet dp chiet
khac nhau da anh hu'dng den ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc. Khi tang nhiet dp tir 40°c'len 50°C va eo^C da lam tang ty le dau vyng d cac thdi diem theo xu hu'dng cang tang nhiet dp cang lam tang ty le dau vyng ehiet dUdc. 6 nhiet dp 60°C cho ty le dau vyng cao nhat. Tuy nhien, ty le dau vyng thu du'dc t y cac dieu kien chiet tren deu thap, d 60°C sau 180 phut chiet du'dc 19,43%, ehi bang 48,49% so vdi chiet bang phu'dng phap dung mdi hyu cd.
Mdt sd nghien cyu eho thay: khi thay dd'i nhiet do lam thay dd'i ty trpng eiia CO2 sieu tdi han nen lam bien doi kha nang hda tan, Trong
nghien cyu nay chung tdi khao sat 40°C, 50°C va SO^C, trong dd d BO^C eho ty !e dau vyng cao nhat, Nghien cyu ciia Onur Doker va cpng sy [4]
cho thay, nhiet dp chiet dau virng tot nhat la SO^C cao hdn d 40°C va 70°C. Sy khac biet nay cd the do tien hanh tren cac thiet bi chiet khac nhau.
3.2.2. Anh hu'dng cua ap suit lii khao sat tren, chung tdi lya chpn du'dc nhiet dp chiet la 60"C de tiep tuc khao sat anh hu'dng eiia ap suat bang each chiet xuat d 200, 300 va 400 bar. Cae dieu kien khac tu'dng t y nhu"
khao sat anh hu'dng ciia nhiet dp. Ket qua dddc trinh bay d hinh 2,
Hinh 2. Ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc d cac ap suat khac nhau theo thdi gian
•^ .iU.UUU
M) 0 0 on l ^ u i ^ n K;U T,,,,, g,aii tphuti
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014 Ket qua d hinh 2 eho thay: ap suat chiet anh
hu'dng den ty le chiet dau vyng den theo xu hu'dng cang tang ap suat cang lam tang ty le dau vyng thu du'dc. Trong d d , tai 300bar va 400bar cho ty le dau vyng eao hdn han khi chiet d 200bar (gap t y 1,84 den 2,56 lan). Tuy nhien, ty le dau virng thu du'dc t y cac dieu kien chiet tren deu thap, d 400bar sau 180 phut chiet du'dc 26,28% dau trong hat vyng den chi bang 65,58% so vdi phu'dng phap chiet vdi dung mdi h y u e d .
De danh gia anh hu'dng eua ap xuat ehiet, Chung toi khao sat t y 200 den 400bar, day cung la khoang khao sat chfnh khi chiet xuat dau beo.
Thdng thu'dng, khi tang ap suat chiet se tang kha nang hda tan ciia dau beo trong CO^ sieu tdi han nen tang du'dc khdi lu'dng ehiet xuat [6], Tuy nhien, sy tang nay phu thupc vao ea thdng so nhiet dp. Nghien cyu ciia Botelho cho thay, dp
hda tan ciia dau vimg tang nhieu hdn theo ap suat khi d nhiet dp cao hdn. Tren thyc te, khi Chung tdi chiet d ap suat lOObar cho khdi lu'dng dau vyng rat thap nen chiing tdi khao sat bat dau 6 200bar. Cdn d ap suat tren 400bar kha nang hda tan ciia dau trong CO2 sieu tdi han bien thien khong dang ke, dong thdi khdng an toan ddi vdi he thdng thiet b| nen thdng thu'dng chi khao sat den ap suat 400bar, Ket qua nghien ciru ciia chiing tdi cung phii hdp vdi nghien cyu eua Onur Doker va cpng sy [ 4 ] : khi tang ap suat lam tang ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc.
3.2.3. Anh hu'dng aia toe dp dong CO2
Sau khi khao sat lu'a chpn du'dc nhiet do va ap suat chiet, tiep tuc khao sat anh hu'dng ciia tdc dp ddng CO2 d cac myc la 25g/phut, 30g/phut, 40g/ phut va 45g/phut. Ket qua du'dc trinh bay d hinh 3.
Hinh 3. Ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc d cae tdc dp ddng CO2 khac nhau
^ 40
- 2;g/phut
- • - 3 0 g / p h u t 40g/pliut
* •15g/phiit
^n fio QO i?o I'.o iftn " ' i i i " 4 u Thai gian (phut) Ket qua d hinh 3 eho thay; Toe do ddng C02
anh hu'dng rd ret den ty le dau vdtig ehiet du'dc, cang tang toe dp ddng CO3 cang lam tang khdi lu'dng dau vimg tai tat ea cac thdi diem chiet.
Trong dd, d toe dp ddng CO2 45g/ phiit thu du'dc ty le dau vyng cao nhat. Nhu' vay, khi tang toe dp ddng lam t§ng khoi lu'dng chiet xuat nen cd the rut ng3n du'dc thdi gian chiet. Sau 120 phut chiet d tdc do ddng CO2 45g/phut eho ty le dau vyng tu'dng du'dng sau 240 phut chiet d tdc dp ddng 25g/phiit.
Ket qua nghien cyu ciia chiing tdi la phii hdp cac nghien c(fu cua Onur Doker va cpng sy; tang toe dp ddng lam tSng ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc [4]. Tuy nhien, tdc dp ddng cdn phu thudc vao
tyng loai thiet bj, vdi loai thiet bj cd dung tfch binh ehiet khoang vai mililit thi tdc dp ddng chi khoang vai g/phiit la thich hdp, Nhu'ng vdi thiet bj ehiet eiia chiing tdi ed dung tieh binh chiet 2000 ml thi khoang tdc dd ddng khao sat t y 20 - 45g/phut la phii hdp nhat.
3.2.4. Anh hudng ci)a kfch thu'dc tieu phan nguyen iieu:
Sau khi khao sat lya chpn du'dc cac dieu kien ve nhiet dd, ap suat chiet va tdc dp ddng CO2, chiing tdi tiep tuc khao sat anh hu'dng ciia kieh thu'dc tieu phan nguyen lieu vdi hai loai kich thu'dc la; 800 • lOOO^m va 315 - 800 ^im. Ket qua du'dc trinh bay d hinh 4.
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014
Hinh 4. Ty le dau vutig chiet du'dc vdi kfch thu'dc tieu phan nguyen lieu khac nhau
^ 40
~8DO-1000mcm - 315-8 OOman
90 1?01i01fi0710?40Th^^g'2n(phut) Ket qua d hinh 4 cho thay: Giam kieh thu'dc
nguyen lieu lam tang ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc tai tat ea cac thdi diem. 6 kich thu'dc 315 800pm cho ty le dau vyng cao hdn (ty 1,03 den 1,5 lan) khi chiet d kfch thu'dc nguyen lieu 800 - 1200pm, Anh hu'dng ciia kfch thu'dc tieu phan trong chiet xuat sieu tdi han cung gidng vdi eae phu'dng phap ehiet xuat khac, vi khi giam kfch thu'dc tieu phan se lam tang tong dien tfch tiep xiic giya dung mdi vdi tieu phan du'dc lieu va lam
giam be day Idp khuech tan nen lam tang hieu suat chiet.
Khi giam kfch thu'dc nguyen lieu thi ty le dau vyng chiet du'dc chu yeu 6 thdi diem ban dau (Hinh 5), Vdi kfch thu'dc ty 315 - SOOiim, sau 180 phut ehiet cho ty le dau vyng tu'dng du'dng vdi
^au 240 phiit chiet d kfch thu'dc ty 800 - 1000|.im, dd vay giam kfch thu'dc nguyen lieu se riit ngan du'dc thdi gian chiet xuat.
Hinh 5. Ty le dau vyng d tyng thdi diem khi chiet vdi kfch thu'dc nguyen lieu khac nhau
800-100 Oman 315-800mcm
9n 17n Hfi iRn ;in jllpic'i^lan(phut)
Tif cac khao sat tren, chung toi di it/a chgn dddc cac thong so chiet xuit (Bang 2) td do xay diJng dddc qui trinh chiet xuit dau vdng den bang phddng phap C02 sieu tdi han.
Bang 2. Thdng sd ciia qui trinh ehiet xuat dau vyng den bang CO^ sieu tdi han
STT1
2 3
45
Ten thong so
Ap xuat chiet Nhiet do chiet Tdc do dong Kich thi^cfc nquyen iieu
Thdi qian chiet
Thong so qui trinh
400 bar
60°C 45 q/ phut 315 - 800 vm
180 phut
Chiet xuit dau virng den bang phddng phap sieu tdi han vdi cac dieu kien tren d 516 khac nhau, k§:
qua ddtdc trinh bay d bang 3.
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014 Bang 3. Ket qua chiet 5 io dau vij'nc
Thdi gian ( p h u t ) 30 60 90 120 150 180
den bang phu'dng phap .hiet sieu tdi ha 1 Ty le (»/o) dau vCrng chiet du'dc d cac Id khac nhau Lo 1
7,42 14,72 20,86 26,65 31,78 34,37
L6 2 8,15 15,58 22,45 28,48 32,82 36,12
L6 3 7,92 14,78 21,98 28,27 31,23 36,98
L6 4 8,34 15,45 22,64 29,62
L6 5 7,75 15,28 23,32 27,76 33,17 j 33,21
7,92 ± 0,36 15,16 ± 0,39 22,2S ± 0,91 28,16 ± 1,08 32,44 ± 0,89 37,56 : 35,43 . 36,09 ± 1,26
RSD % 4,50 2,58 4,11 3,84 2,74 3,49
Kit qua tren cho thay: Ty IS dau vdng den thu dddc td 5 me chiet xuit ia kha ddng nhit vdi gia tri RSp% deu nho hdn 5%. Nhd vay, qui trinh chiet xuit co lap lai cao. Ty ie dau vdng den thu dddc bang phu'dng phap chiet xuit sieu tdi han sau 3 gid dat khoang 90% so vdi chiet bang dung moi hu'u cd sau 8 gid. Kit qua nay cung phii hdp vdi nghien c&u cua Onur Doker va cong si/khi chiet dau vuhg den bang phddng phap sieu tdi han [4].
3,3. Ket qua Itiem nghiem mot so chi tieu chat lu'dng cua dau viTng den
3.3.1. Xac djnh chi so chung ciia dau viTng den:
Tien hanh xae djnh chf sd chung eua dau vyng den chiet bang phu'dng phap sieu tdi han va dung mdi hu'u cd, Ket qua du'dc the hien d bang 4.
Bang 4.Ke\. qua xac dinh mdt so chi so cua dau vyng den
Chi soIod
Acid Xa phong hoa EsterPhu'dng phap chiet, ( X ± SD, n = 5 ) Sieu tdi han 108,19 ± 4,65
40,76 ± 1,67 190,55 ± 6,27 143,79 ± 6,47
Dung moi hiJ'u cd 97,30 ± 3,70 65,27 ± 1,83 201,29 ± 7,45 136,02 ± 5,58
P
< 0 , 0 5
< 0 , 0 5
< 0 , 0 5
< 0 , 0 5
Kit qua tren cho thiy: co si/khac biet ve cac chi sd giu'a mau dau vdng chiet bang phddng phap CO2 sieu tdi han va dung moi hull cd. So vdi dau vdng chiet bang dung moi hdu cd, dau vdng chiet bang sieu tdi han co chi sd iod cao hdn nhdng chi sd acid va xa phdng hoa thap hdn vdi p < 0,05. Chi so Iod cang cao chuhg to dau chu^ nhieu acid beo khong no. Chi sd acid phan anh su' co mat ciia cac acid td do trong dau. Chi so acid cang cao chdng to dau kem chat iddng, ngddc iai chi so acid cang thap dau cang tdt
3.3.2. Binh iitdng acid beo trong dau viTng den:
Bang S. Ket qua djnh lu'dng acid beo trong dau vyng bang sac ky khi
T f
1 2 3 4
Chi tieu danh gia
Acid palmitic Acid stearic Acid oieic Acid iinoleic Cong (3) va (4)
Phi^dng phap chiet xuat,(
n = 5 ) Sieu tdi han 9,09 ± 0j45 3,58 ± 0,24 27,28 ± 1,16 56,16 ± 1,86 83,44
\ r S U , Dung mdi hu'u cd 7,98 4,39 29,77 52,72
± 0 , 3 3
± 0 , 2 1
± 1,35
± 2 , 0 9 82,49
P
< 0 , 0 5
< 0 , 0 5
> 0,05
< 0 , 0 5
Ket qua d bang tren cho thay: Ham lu'dng acid beo khong no (acid oleic, acid linoleic) trong dau vyng ehiet bSng ca hai phu'dng phap chiem ty 1^ cao (tren 80%). Trong dd, dau vyng den chiet bSng phu'dng phap sieu tdi han cd ham
lu'dng acid linoleic (56,16%) eao hdn ehiet bang dung mdi hyu cd (52,72%) vdi p < 0,05, eon ham lu'dng aeid oleic la tu'dng du'dng (vdi p >
0,05), Acid beo khong no trong dau vyng la
thanh phan tao nen cac tac dung sinh hpc, do
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 2 - SO 1/2014
vay ham lu'dng eac acid nay trong dau vyng cang cao thi dau cang ed gia tri, dae biet la eac add beo cd nhieu ndi ddi trong phan t y .
Onur Doker va cdng s y ehiet dau vyng bang phu'dng phap CO2 sieu tdi han eho ham lu'dng acid oleic la 42,44% va acid linoleic la 42,49%
[4], Nzikou va cdng su'chiet dau vyng bang dung mdi hyu ed cho ham lu'dng acid oleic la 38,84%
va acid linoleic la 46,26% [ 2 ] , Nhu' vay, tdng ham lu'dng acid oleic va linoleic la tu'dng du'dng nhau nhu'ng khac nhau ve ty le cua tyng chat.
Dau vyng ehiet xuat bang CO2 sieu tdi han ciia chiing tdi cd ham lu'dng aeid linoleic eao hdn so vdi ket qua eiia 2 tae gia tren.
IV. KET LUAN
Cae thdng sd ehiet xuat sieu tdi han cd anh hu'dng rd ret den ty le dau vyng den chiet du'dc theo xu hu'dng cang tang nhiet dp, ap suat va tdc dp ddng cang lam tang ty !e dau ehiet du'dc;
giam kfch thu'dc tieu phan lam tang ty le dau vyng den va rut ngan du'dc thdi gian chiet. Da lya chpn du'dc thdng sd eho qui trinh chiet sieu tdi han la: Nhiet do ehiet 60°C, ap suat 400bar, tdc dp ddng C02 45g/phiit, kich thu'dc nguyen lieu 315 - 800 pm, thdi gian ehiet 180 phiit. Ty le dau vyng den ehiet du'cfc bang phu'dng phap ehiet sieu tdi han trong 3 gid phiit bang khoang 90% khi ehiet bang ether dau hda trong 8 gid.
Dau vyng den chiet bang phu'dng phap sieu tdi
han cd chat tu'dng tot hdn so vdi chiet bang dung mdi hffu cd, the hien d chi sd iod cao hdn, chi so aeid va xa phdng hda thap hdn, ham lu'dng acid beo khdng no eao hdn,
TAI LIEU T H A M KHAO
1. Bo Y te, Dddc dien Viet Nam IV. Nha xuat ban Y hdc, (2009).
2. J.M. Nzikou, L. Matos, Bouanga-Kalou, B.
Ndangui, N.P.G. Pambou-Tobi, A, Kimbonguila, Th. Silou, M. Linder and S.
Desobry " Chemical Composition on the Seet^
and Oil of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) Grom in Congo-Brazzaville", Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, (2009), 1(1): 6-11.
3. Jose L.Martinez "Supercritical Fluid Extraction (^
Nutraceuticais and Bioactive Compounds", CRC Press, (2008).
4. Onur Ddl<er, Ugur Salgin, Nuray Yildiz, Mihrican Aydogmu?, Ayla C^aMmli "Extraction of sesame seed oil using supercritical C02 and mathematical modeling". Journal of Food Engineering, (2010), 97, 360-366.
5. Hu Q, Xu J, Chen S, Yang F. "Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Black Sesame Seed (Sesamum indicum L) by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction", J. Agric. Food Chem, (2004), 52, 943-947.
6. Ram B. Gupta Jae-jin Shim "Solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide", CRC Press, Taylor&Francis Group, (2007).
7. R.S, Mohamed and G,A. Mansoori "The Use of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology In Food Processing", Featured Article - Food Technology, (2002)
DIEU TRI GAY HAI XiraWG CANG CHAN BANG DINH NOI TUY CO CHOT NGANG KIEU SIGN TAI BENH VIEN DAI HOC Y H A NOI
TOM TAT
Muc tieu nghien cu'u: 1) Mo ta thu'ong tdn giai phau gay hai xu'dng cang chan; 2) Danh gia ket qua dieu tri gay hai xu'dng cang chan bang dinh npi tiiy co chot ngang kieu SIGN tai benh vien Dai Hpc Y Ha Noi
061 tu'dng va phu'dng phap nghien ciru;
Nghien ciTu mo ta 55 benh nhan gay hai xu'dng cang
* Tn/dng Dal Hoc Y Ha Ngi
Phan hien khoa hpc: PGS. TS Dao Xuan Tfch
Tran Trung Dung*
chan du'dc phau thuat dong dmh npi tiiy cd chft ngang tai benh vien Dai Hoc Y Ha npi
Ket qua nghien ciru: 49,1% gay 1/3 giu'a, 43,6% gay 1/3 dudi hai xUdng cang chan. Gay kin chiem 45,5%; gay hd dp 1 chiem 30,9%; gay hd do 2 chiem 18,2% va dp 3A chiem 5,5%. Lien vet thifOng thi dau chiem 89%. Lien xu'Ong chiem 91,9%. Ket qua Chung: Rat tdt 81,1%, Tot 10,8% va kha chiem 8,1%.
Ket luan: Ket hdp xu'dng bang dinh npi tuy c6 chot vdi gay hai xu'dng cang ehan eho ket qua tot.
Tfj-khoa: Gay hai xu'Ong cang chan, dinh cd chS