Nghien cOu - Trao do!
Nghien cuti kha nang
xuf ly ntfdfc thai che bien thjt bb bang che pham sinh hoc BIO-EM
TOM TAT
Nginh edng nghigp chi biin thjt ndi chung, ehi biin thjt bd ndi rieng giU vai trd thiit yiu trong viee cung cip thpc pham eho con ngUdl Tuy nhiin bin cgnh do, van de mdi trudng rit ding quan tam do phat sinh mgt lupng Idn nude thai chUa him lupng Idn cic chat Id iCfng, chit hUu cd rit cao niu khdng xp iy se gay ra nhieu hgu qua ONMT. Trong khi dd, eic edng nghi xCt ly nude thai (XLNT) hign nay ddi hoi kinh phi xay dpng vi van hdnh Idn. Trin ed sd do, bign phdp XLNT che biin thjt bo bang cac ehi pham sinh hgc dupe dUa ra de cai thign tinh hinh, giam thiiu tdi mUe tha'p nhit cic anh hudng tieu cue cua nUdc thai din mdi trudng.
DAT VAN DE
Cd t h i thly, nhieu bien phap xD ly va cdng nghe dUpc ap dyng trong XLNT che biln thit bd vdi quy md Idn, nhd khac nhau va dgt dUde hieu qua xis ly cao nhUng chung lai gay ton kem eho qua trinh s&n xuat, can phai nghien cDu lau dai.
Nham khac phuc dUde cac nhUdc diem nay, d l tai da tiln hanh nghien eDu XLNT trong qua trinh che bien thjt bd bang cdng nghe sinh hpc - e h l pham sinh hoc BIO-EM. SD dyng che pham sinh hoc BIO-EM de XLNTchl bien thjt bd mang Igi nhieu Uu diem dd la khdng dpe haied t h i tan dung dUdc mdt sd ngudn th&i hDu cd, dap Dng dUde dp than thien vdi mdi trUdng va con ngUdI, BVMT. Ben canh dd, kinh phi dau tu eho phUdng phap XLNT bang cdng nghe sinh hpc tdn ft chi phi va mang lai hieu q u i cao.
PHl/dNG PHAP NGHIEN CQU
PhUdng phip thu th$p siligu thUcip: Ke thDa cd chpn Ipc cac dD lieu, thdng tin lien quan den ndi dung cDa de tai: Thdng tin v l dae tryng nudc th&i 10 Tai nguyen vd Mdi tru-dng | Kyi-Thing 4/2019
O ThS. DINH TH! THU TRANG, ThS. PHAN LE NA Khoa Tdi nguyen vi mdi trudng Trudng Dgi hge Ndng - Lam Bac Giang che biln thjt bd, &nh hudng cDa nUde th&i den mdi trUdng, ehe pham sinh hpc BIO-EM
PhUdng phdp bd tri thi nghigm
L l y mau: NUdc th&i dype thUc hidn lay mlu theo TCVN 6663-1:2011 va bao qu&n m l u theo TCVN 6663-3:2008.
Dyng cy va vat lieu tien hanh thf nghiem; Che pham sinh hpc BIO-EM, xd 20 lit, eat vang, cat den, than hoa, may bdm khi vdi cdng suat la 0,65 dm^
khdng khi/dm^ mdi trydng/phDt, Binh tam giac 5 lit, gang tay.
Xay dyng thi nghidm vdi 3 cdng thUc: Mdi thf nghiem se lly 3 lit nude th&i cho vao binh tam gi&c 5 I ft.
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Phuong phip f^in tich miu. PhUdng phap phan tfeh elc thdng so dUdc the hien 6 bang 1 nhU sau:
B&ng 1. Thdng so vi phuang phip phin tfeh mau
T M n o i i PH COD aoDi H ^ r i
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Ouy chuinTUu chuin T l ^ itvAn quAc gta TCVN 649220n (ISO 10573 TCVN MSI (IS09297- 1flB9)-Chailucngnu*c-)«c smnnhuc&uoBhDtinac
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Tieu tt\uin quAe oia TCVN 8202JOOS (ISO SB7a 2004) vS Chil liiorfl niPJc - X4c anh phospho - Phuong phap TCVN 787S - 2008 - Uirlic - McOinh illu i4 mO
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Phuang phip so sinh dinh gii: Tien hSnh so sanh mau phan tich vdi QCVN 40:201 VBTIMMT - Quy ohuin quoc gia vg nUdc thai cong nghiep c6l
B -gia trj cDa cac thdng sd d nhilm trong nudc th&i edng nghiep khi x& vao ngudn nydc khdng dung cho muc dich cap nude sinh hoat.
PhUdng phip xCfl'y siligu: XD ly sd Iidu phan ti'eh bang phUdng phap thd'ng ke va sD dyng cae phan mem nhu Microsoft Office Excel 2010, Microsoft Office Word 2010.
Ki't qu& nghien cuTu
Danh gii dgc trung nude thai tUqui trinh chi bien thjt bd
Nghien cDu tien hanh lay mlu nude th&i va danh gia vd tfnh chit vat ly va hda hpe the hien nhU sau:
Tinh cha't vat ly: mlu nUde th&i cd mui rat hdi rat khd chju, mau due va ed Idp d l u md tren be mat.
B&ng 2. Kit qui phin tich nudc thai chi blin thit bd chua qua xU ly
Thdng so pH TSS COD BOD5 N„
Pb DSumd
D o n v j
mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
Ket qua phan tich mau n i r v c thai
7,31 306,16 539,36 291,95 51.12 10,75 53,2
QCVN 40:2011/B TNMT C d t B 5,5-9 100 150 50 40 6 10
Tinh ehat hda hpe:
Qua ket qu& b&ng 2 eho thay, gia tn pH n i m trong gidi han oho phep eua quy chuIn so sanh.
C&c thdng so TSS, BOD5, COD, Ntgng. PtongVa dau md deu vupt quy chuan so sanh tD 1,3 den 5,8 lan.
Dinh gii kha nang xp /y nudc thai cua chi pham sinh hpe BIO-EM
Sau khi tien hanh bd tri va thuc hien eae thi nghiem, hieu qu& xD ly dUde danh gia qua cae ehi tieu TSS, COD, BOD5, Njgng. Ptong. dau md. Ket q u i phan tich nude thai sau khi thye hien cae thi nghidm dUde trinh bay tai b&ng 3:
B&ng 3. Kit qui phan tich miu nude thai sau cac thi nghiem
Thdng s6 TSS COD BODj T6ng N TOng P DSum«
D o n v i mg/l mg/1 mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
K^t qua p h i n tich mdu TNt
264.3 513,34 285,45 50,89 10 69 30
TN2 188,38 374,85 194,97 40,20 9,41 14,18
TN3 93,84 142,50 43,50 30,05 5,07 5,09
QCVN 40:2ai1/BTNMT
C&tB 100 150 50 40 6 10
Ddi vdi thdng sd pH do trong mlu nydc thai da d&m b&o QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT cot B - pH cua nUdc th&i trudc khi dUdc dua qua he thdng syc khi cDa cae thi nghiem dupe dieu chfnh ve mDc trung
tinh (6.5 - 7) de tao dieu kien cho he vi sinh vat trong che pham cd t h i hoat dpng tot nhat. Neu pH cDa nudc th&i trong cac lan thi nghiem tren 7 thi se sit dyng axit HCI d l trung h o i , neu dudi 7 thi sD dung dung djch NaOH de trung hoa.
TU bang 3 eho tha'y, nong dp cac chat d nhilm trong nUde th&i deu gi&m. Tuy nhien, sau 5 gid thue hien TNI va TN2 cho thay ndng dp cae chat d nhiem gi&m nhUng van vUdt qu& QCVN40:2011/
BTNMT. Doi vdi TN3 khi cd b6 sung che pham BIO- EM eung he thdng loc v& syc khf, sau 5 gid thUc hien thi nghiem c&e eh? tieu deu nam trong gidi han cho phep cua quy chuan so sanh.
KET LUAN
Nudc Ih&i ehe bien thjt bd chUa qua xD ly cd tinh chat vat ly: Mui rat hdi rat khd chiu, ed mau dye va cd Idp dau md tren b l mat. Tfnh chat hda hpc: Gia trj pH d&m b&o tieu chuan cho phep QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT ept B, cae gia trj edn l^i chat rin Id iDng (TSS), cac chat dinh dUdng chUa N, P, c&c chl sd ve nhu c l u oxy sinh hpc (BODS), nhu cau oxy hoa hpc (COD), deu vdi ndng dp cao hdn so vdi quy chuan cho phep.
Qua qua trinh thuc hien cac thf nghiem cho thly, viec bo sung che phIm sinh hoe BIO-EM vao trong qua trinh xD ly da mang lai nhOng ket q u i nhu ham lupng TSS gi&m 3,26 lan, COD gi&m 3,78 lan, BOD5 gi&m 6,7 lan, N,gng gi&m 1,7 lan, P,^ng giam 2,1 l i n , d l u md gi&m 10,4 lin so vdi ban d l u va d&m b&o tieu chuan cho phep trUdc khi xk thai vao ngudn tiep nhan khdng sD dung cho muc dfeh sinh ho^t tgi QCVN40:2011/BTNMT,
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[X]Le Van Khoa {^996). PhUdng phap phan tich dat - nudc - phan bdn - cay trdng. Nha xuat b&n Dai hpc Qudc gia.
[2]LUdng DUc Phim (2011). Giao trinh S&n xuit va sD dyng e h l pham sinh hpc trong ndng nghiep.
NXB Giao due Viet Nam
[3]LUdng HUu Thanh va cdng si/(2013). Nghien cDu s&n xuat che pham vi sinh vat xis ly phe th&i nha may che bien tinh bdt san.
[4]Nguy§n Xuan Thinh (2009). Giao trinh Cdng nghe sinh hpc xD ly mdi trudng. NXB Ndng nghiep.
[SjTrung Tam Ung Dung Tiin Bg KH&CN{2Q^2).
C h l phIm EM, Tai lieu tap huln Dng dyng cdng nghd che pham.B
Tai nguy§n vo Moi truong | Kj 1 - Th^ng 4/2D19 ^^