Tiiu ban: Mdi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
35 NAM NGHIEN CUtJ VA PHAT TRIEN QUANG DIEN MAT TROI TAI VIET NAM
Trinh Quang Diing
Vien Vat ly Tp.HCM - Vien Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe Viet Nam Email: trinhqdung(g),gmail.com
Tom tat:
Viet Nam bdt ddu nghiin cicu pin quang diin tic ndm 1975 tgi Solar lab - Viin khoa hpc & cdng nghi Viet Nam, cdc chuong trinh chi tao PMT dan da tinh thi Silic (1990-2000) vd Silic vd dinh hinh dd thu duac kit qud khd quan. Chuong trinh ddng vd PMT vd mdt chu trinh khep kin dupe hodn thien vdi su ra ddi nhiing module PMT viet nam ddu tiin vdo ndm 2000. Todn bp chuong trinh nghien cieu quang diin dup'c thuc hien trong khudn khd cdc di tdi nghien ciru khoa hpc cua
Viin Khoa hpc Viet Nam vd. Chuong trinh nhd nude KC-01. Tdng kinh phi cho nghiin cieu quang diin vd phdt triin DMT tgi Viet Nam dgt tdi con sd khodng 25 trieu dd la My. Kinh phi ndy chit yiu tie ngudn hd trp qudc ti, vdn ddi icng ciia chinh phit Viet Nam, Chuong trinh NN KC-01; DA xdy dung Phdng thi nghiem bdn ddn DHQG tp.HCM, DA Phdng TN Nano Khu CNC Sai gdn.
Tic ndm 1990, triin khai irng dung diin mat trdi dutyc Solar lab ciing cdc ddng nghiep phdt triin mgnh me d Viet Nam. 12000 ngudi dd duoc sir dung DMT. Hdng logi cdc md hinh img dung DMT dgc thit a Viet Nam nhu: thuyin Du Lich vdn Hod DMT, xe cdp ciru DMT, trgm sgc Accu nhd vdn hod DMT, trgm bdo vi rimg DMT dd duac Idp ddt. Khodng han 4000 hi DMT vdi tdng cdng xudt khodng 4MWp PMT da cd mat trin hdu hit cdc tinh thdnh ddc biit la viing miin niii vd hdi ddo chirnh minh liyi ich thiet thuc cua DMT trong su nghiep phdt triin kinh ti cua Viet Nam. Nhiiu cdc chuong trinh hap tdc phdt triin DMT giai dogn 1990-2009 da duoc triin khai thdnh cdng nhu: Chuong trinh DMT cho ndng thdn Viit-Phdp (1990-2000) ; Lang DMT Viit-Diec (2000-2002); Lang DMT Viet-Hdn (2003-2005); Chuong trinh CNNLM chdu A cua Sida Thuy Diin (1997-2005) ; DA dMT ndi ludi vd phdt triin ndng thdn Viet nam -Tdy Ban Nha (2006-2009) w...
Mdt sd cdng trinh quang diin ldn nhu nhd mdy DMT 100 KWp Gia Lai, Hi thdng DMT 154 KWp tgi Trung tdm HNQG My Dinh da dup'c xdy dung. Solar lab dd thiit ki vd triin khai thdnh cdng md hinh mgng DMT cue bd Madicub vdi nhieu icng dung ddc ddo khu Resort DMT Sao Viet, Binh viin DMTNL Tam ky, Toa nhd DMTNL Tudn An. Cdng nghi DMT ndi ludi thdng minh SIPV ciia Solar lab mdi day dd tgo nen budc ngodt cdng nghi, dua DMT phuc vu phdt triin KTXH quy md cdng nghiep. Cdng nghi DMT ciia Solarlab dd duoc chuyin giao cho md sd nude chdu A nhu: Lao, Campuchia, Bangledesh vv...Solarlab da trd thdnh noi ddo tgo CN DMT d khu vuc Asian.
Cdng nghiep quang diin ciing bdt ddu duoc hinh thdnh d Viet nam. Nhd mdy Mat trdi dd chuyen chi tgo tdm PMT cdng xudt 3MWp, nhd mdy sdn xudt vdt lieu silic khdi 700 tdn/ndm da duoc cdc tu nhdn ddu tu tgi tp.HCM. Mdt ddy chuyin PMT mdng mdng CdTe cdng xudt 21MWp/ndm dang dup'c gdp rut ddu tu tgi Khu
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc ky' niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
Sau 35 ndm phdt triin, nghdnh quang diin Viet nam da cd nhieng budc tiin quan trpng. Dd din lite cdn sir quy hogeh, hd tra mgnh me cua nhd nude di cdng nghiep quang diin mat trdi trd thdnh mot nghdnh cdng nghiep mid nhpn ldm ca sd hdu thudn cho nin kinh ti Viet nam phdt triin ben vdng trong thi ky 21.
Abstract:
Since 1975 the PV has been researched in SOLARLAB by scientific project of VAST and the National Program KC-01. The solar cells of crystalline silicon have been made at Solarlab during 1990-2000.A close cycle of Solar Module manufacturing has been established and the first solar module made in Vietnam issued in 2000. The investment for PV research and solar electricity has gotten about 25 millions of USD approximately from international organizations and the government's semiconductor laboratory of National University and Nano-Lab of High Tech Park HCMC with clean room class 10000 and class 100 have been built.
The PV application research has strongly developed in Viet Nam since 1990.
About 4000 families have been electrificated by Solar Home System and 12000 peoples getting solar electricity from the PV systems along the countries. Total PV
installing capacity reached to 4MW. Many solar projects have been developed in Vietnam during 1990-2008 as Rural Electrification project 1990-2000(Fondem France-Solarlab Vietnam); Solar Villages Project 2000-2002 (NRW-Germany and MOST Vietnam); 2003-2005(Kier - Korea and Solarlab Vietnam); The project of SELF-USA etc. During 1997-2005 under frame work of the RET's program in Asia funded by Sida Sweden and covering 6 Asian countries, the solar technology has been carried out and gotten impressed achievement of very effective and high competitive PV technology, which has supported for a sustainable development of solar electricity in Vietnam. A quite big project on solar grid connected and rural electrification has been conducted by Solarlab under cooperation Most Vietnam and Atersa Spain (2006-2009). Several biggest PV constructions have been appeared as Solar plant lOOKWp (Nedo-Japan) in Gia Lai Province; The National Convention Hall 154 KWp (Germany) in Hanoi. SOLARLAB has successfully designed and set up the Hybrid Technology of Renewable Energy sources (Madicub) which are the key of PV development. The Madicub has supported to develop variable specific applications as Solar Ambulance, Solar Boat and the First Solar villa in Vietnam... Thank to the advantage technology and very competitive price, some PV technologies have been transferred to Asian countries as Cambodia, Bangladesh etc... The latest modern technology as Solar grid connected -SIPV has successfully designed and built in HCMC by Solarlab- Institute of Physics HCMC, VAST Vietnam. They are fully "made in Vietnam"
which showed powerful capability of local technology.
The PV industry has been started a growing by private companies as as: Red- Sun Solar Module Factory (3MW/year); The Factory manufacturing Silicon ingot named Solar Materials Inc. at Viet Nam - Singapore Industry Park (VSIP)Binh Duong province. The factory has a capability of 700 ton bulk-Si/year Other factory manufacturing think film solar module CdTe (21 MWp / year ) is under processing for investment of 3,5-4 trieu USD by Viet Vmicro JC-HCMC which
located in Saigon High Tech Park HCMC.
Tiiu ban: Mdi tricdng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
After 35 years of development, the PV development of Vietnam should be strongly supported by Government to become a pioneer-industry Vietnam to well response the economic growing of the country in 21rst century.
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Solar Radiation of Vietnam [1]
The Solar radiation of Vietnam is an important natural resource. It is quite good and potential. The average total solar radiation is about 5kw/h/m^/day in almost Middle and Southern provinces of Vietnam. In the Northern provinces, the solar radiation is lower, about
9 th
4 KW/b/m /day approximately. Down of 17 parallel, the radiation is not only good but maintain continuously overall year. It reduces about 20 % from dry season to rainy season.
The solar radiation of Vietnam is quite good in comparison with other areas in the world. In the North Vietnam the solar radiation is discontinuous in the winter and the autumn. The
KWh/m day
M o n t h
—\—.—I 1 \ 1 \ 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 1: Solar Radiation in North, Middle & South of Vietnam
potential capacity of Solar energy could provide 43,9 billon TOE/ year. On figure 1, the total average solar radiation of Hanoi, Danang, HCM city are shown they are typical for the Northem, Middle and Southern regions of Vietnam. It was easy to see that the average solar radiation is better in the Middle and Southem regions. The Figure 2 and the table 1 indicate total average sunshine hours in the typical provinces of Vietnam. The Northem provinces are poor sunshine in first quarter of the years. There are only two hours or less sunshine hours during January, February and March every year. Not only shorter sunshine time but also about 50 - 60%) of average solar radiation is less in this time. The average sunshine hours per year ranges in Northeastern zone are between 1500 - 1700 hours and 2000 - 2600 sunshine hours per year in Southem, Central of Vietnam. The most important solar factor of Vietnam is continues around year in the Middle and South zones and discontinuous in the North zone of Vietnam. This data base was taken from the weather Station HCM City, which has measured it during ten years. In the North, the solar radiation is lower than in the Middle and South of Vietnam and more important it is discontinuous for 4 months approximately.
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
1.2 Government Policy & Master Plan VI [3]
The governmental policy of renewable energy of Vietnam is establishing now. The government will increase budget for renewable energy projects in rural areas and establishing RE fund for investment support. Assisting the research work in field of photovoltaic as Semiconductor-Nano laboratory in High-tech Park HCMC (IIM.USD), semiconductor of the National University (5M USD). The government supports to transfer the latest PV technologies to Vietnam as well as calling investment from abroad local manufacturers in setting up PV industry in Vietnam.
At the present the import duty is free for Solar Module and for all solar projects. The government going to encourage banks to supports investment-capital of PV industries. On other-side, the government has accepted to use ODA fiind for development of solar grid cormected plant as well as big solar projects. During 2009 - 2012, about 3-5 MWp PV power will be implemented by ODA fiind of Japanese government.
Table I: Present situation of electrify of Vietnam Consumption /Production 58.366/68.699 Gwh (%) Industry
49,9
Civil &Service 41
Agriculture 0,97
Other 9
The Master Plan VI has been approved by Vietnamese government in July 2007.regarding to RE, the Master Plan VI has played for rural electrification which mainly using RE.
The electrify generation of Vietnam is 68699.0 Gwh and the consumption is 57366,0 GWh.
Although that the consume piton speed in about 15%)-20%) per year and the country will facing with import energy after 2010. The structure of Energy sharing rate is: Industry 49,9%);
civil and services 41,0%); Agriculture 0,97 Vo; other 9%.
Following the MPVl, the RE of Viet Nam will develop in two stages to reach the total of 4050/MWby2025.
Stage 1: 2006-2015: 2015 MW; Stage 2: 2015-2020: 2026 MW Ca cau cong suat nam
Panorama of Energy balance of Vietnam by 2015
4.9% 3.0%
31.6%
28.5%
iThuydifn
Hydro power
• Nhi^t difn than
Thermal power
• Nhi^t dien dau v l khi
Gas power
• Dif n nhap Idiau
Imported electricit>
i Ning iirtfng tii tao
Renewable energy
Figure 2: The structure of energy balance of Vietnam by 2015
Tiiu ban: Mdi truang vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
2. PV SITUATION 2.1. Solar PV Development
240 200 160 120 80 40 0
- " KWp
-H-H-
-^^-
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Figure 3: PV Development of Vietnam 1989 - 2008
Easy to see a general view of photovoltaic development and installation in Vietnam in the last decade of the 20 century in figure 3. The photovoltaic development has mainly realized in very usefiil applications as Battery Charging Center, Community Center, Solar Battery Charging Center, Satellite Receiver Transmitter, Telecommimication, Power plant, Transportation signal etc.
In the civil use almost following the national or intemational projects under form of Solar villages, which have covered Community Center, SHS or Battery Charging Centers, Cultural Houses, Solar Schools, Medical Centers etc. The several of photovoltaic applications in Vietnam are shown on the table 2.
Table 2: Total PV installation during 1990 -2009 in Vietnam Year
1989-2009 1989-2009 1989-2009 1990-2009 1996-2000 1995-2009 1989-2008 1990-2009 1995-2008 2000-2003 2002/2006 2005-2009
Photovoltaic Application SHS
Public Systems Medical Center
Telecommimication systems Radio telephone
Forest Guard Station
Cultural &Battery Charging Center Navigation Flash
Satellite Receiver Solar Boat
Solar Power Plant/Solar Park Solar Villa, Solar building/roof
system 4000
152 24 2000
2 90 80 3000
50 2 2 8
Installed Capacity (Wp)
22 - 100 100 - 300 150-3000 500 - 3.000
75 -100 100 - 1000 300 - 3,200 2 0 - 1 0 0 500 - 4.000
250 - 640 100-154 1000-15000
Total P (KWp) 314,010
30,394 6,450 1000,000 175 32,000 52,000 145,000 100,000 0,890 254,000 22,200
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghe Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
1999-2008 1989-2009
2001 1990-2009 1989-2009 1989-2009 2004 - 2009
Solar School Solar Street Lamps Solar ambulance
Solar Farm/ water pumping National Park
Solar lantern Public lighting
TOTAL
23 300
1 4 12 100 100 8,190
200-1000 50 -160
500 100-1000 200-1000
1-50 50 - 200
12,250 60,000 0,500 2,900 5,000 3,3.56 8,000 2,423,175 Almost models of photovoltaic applications have been locally designed and developed in Vietnam as: SHS, Battery Charging Center (BCC), Solar Medical Center, Solar Community Center, Solar Cultural Boat, Solar Ambulance, Solar School, Solar Satellite Receiver- Transmitter etc. During 20 years of development, about 70 solar villages, 30 Battery Charging Centers, thousands of navigation flashers. Telecommunication Stations, over 4000 Solar Home System (SHS) etc. have been installed along the country. For the civil market, SHS is the most basic application; it started in 1990 and slowly grown up. Although that the demand on this application is very big, covering for over five millions farming families which could not be able to connect to the net-work for long time. The SHS growing through different photovoltaic projects as well as separated installation of private owners [2]. Typical project of SHS was the first 100%) rural electrified village by solar pv power in Buon Cham. 180 families have been provided solar electricity at home [7].The Cultural & Battery Charging Center (CBCC) is typical Vietnamese invention which has shown 20%) more efficient than other in the region. The BCC is designed form 300 Wp to 1500 Wp per/station ands about 30 BCC have been in stalled usually CBCC of 1000 Wp could provide electricity for 40 - 50 house holds per month. Since 1990 up to now over 1000 families using Solar Electricity from the CBCC. The big CBCC is also a local cultural house during night time for watching TV, video movie, singing Karaoke ect. This is a new model of photovoltaic exploitation which has been invented by Solarlab and showing a high effect of use in Vietnam. [8]
Solar Boat Solar Ambulance Cultural&BCC Solar Power Plant
No PV. Project Energy solidarity Vietnam - France Solar lighting for
Sponsor
Fondem &
Dostes VN SELF
Implementing Organization Solarlab
Wu - Solariab
Budget (USD) 1,000,000
150,000
Year
1989- 2000 1995
Tieu ban: Mdi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Women by SHS RET's PV Project
RET's Biomass Briqueting
Solar Hybrid Plant
Decentralized Energy for Rural Development Solar Electricity Vietnam - Germany
Solar Village Vietnam- Korea
National Conference Hall 154KWp
Rural electrification
Semiconductor-Lab
Semiconductor-Nano LAB Rural electrification
PV plant 28 KWp at Cham island
Grid connected PV
Other
TOTAL
Sida Sweden Sida Sweden
NEDO-Most V
Fondem &
DI Vietnam Nrw Germany
& Moste VN Kier - Korea &
Solarlab Vietnam- Germany Sida Sweden / MOIT Vietnam National
University HCMC HCM City
Atersa Spain/
MOST Vietnam Sida Sweden / MOIT Vietnam Japan's ODA
CDG, CORE, World bank etc
Solar lab IE
Fuji Electric
Solarlab
Solariab -RERC
Solarlab
Lilama
Ha giang; Quang nam provinces University of Natural Science
High Tech Park
Solarlab-VAST
DOIT Quang nam province Japanese Companies
Solariab, IE, RERC, Codev etc
170,000 170,000
3,500,000
1,200,000
200,000
80,000
2,000,000
unknow
5,000,000
11,000,00 0 200,000
600,000
15,000,00 0 3,200,000
50,000,000
1998 1997-2004
1997- 2004 1999- 2002 2000- 2003 2001- 2002 2002- 2005 -2006
2005- 2008 2004- 2006
2006- 2008 2006- 2009 2008- 2010 2009- 2010 1995- 2010
1989- 2010
Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
In 1999 thanks to cooperation between NEDO Japan and MOSTE Vietnam the first Solar Plant was installed at the Muang Giang District of Gialai province in Middle of Vietnam. The Solar Plant is a hybrid renewable energy model with a solar power of lOOKWp and 25 kW micro hydropower and h is the first Solar Plant in Vietnam and South East Asia working for a local network. The biggest solar installation is the National Conference Hall which has been built to welcome APEC meeting in Vietnam. 154KWp solar power was installed by grid connected technology by German ODA.
The solar street lamps with LED lighting have been strongly developed by Green Kidi light JSCo. Hundreds of solar lamps were installed in 2009- 2010 in High Tech-Park Hoa Lac Hanoi, Saigon High Tech Park HCMC, Tien giang, Ninh thuan. Can tho, Truong sa island etc.
154 Kwp Solar Power at the National conference Hall and the Solar Street lamps at SHTP-HCMC
The main intemational cooperation have been cooperated with NEDO Japan, FONDEM - France, SIDA Sweden, NRW- Germany, SELF - USA, KIER Republic of Korea, Atersa Spain and some other EU countries. The total intemational budget including the response- budget of Vietnamese government for PV development was about 50,000,000.00 USD. The International Cooperation is a strong catalyst, which has efficiently supported development of Renewable Energy in Vietnam. Not only that. International Cooperation on Renewable Energy has assisted to promote local Renewable Energy Technology as well as building up a human resource for Vietnam. In this activity, Vietnamese government has always supported a local response budget in range up to 30-50%). Leading organization for the international cooperation is Solarlab, IE until now.
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I
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<
'^' n
m 1 1
The laminator at Solarlab
3. PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY OF VIETNAM 3.1 PV Research
Since 1975 the Photovoltaic has been studied at the Center of Physics HCM City of Vietnam Academy of Science. The first Solar cell was made in 1976 on mono - silic crystalline of
Tiiu ban: Moi truang vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
diameter 5 cm. During 20 years of research, different types of Solar cell as thin film Solar cell, mono-si Solar cell r) =13%, poly si solar cell q = 12%o and amorphous silicon solar cell r| = 7%
have been done at the Solar laboratory. The first prototype of solar module has been done with good quality on intemational level. The standard solar module encapsulation chain, which consists of microprocessor laminator and sun simulator Quick Tester. With these facilities, Solarlab has become a leading solar laboratory, which has a closed-circle process of solar module encapsulation including quality control in Vietnam. In the end of 2000, the first standards of photovohaic modules and accessories were issued by Solarlab and Department of Standard and Measurements of Vietnam under framework of the National Program KC -01.
3.2. PV Energy Saving Technology [2]
For improving the efficiency of PV system, the PV energy saving technology (PVEST) has been researched and developed. All kind of PV equipments as solar Regulator, true sine investor: DC compact lamps have been manufactured locally for use. Except the solar module, the 80%PV equipment are provided by local Manufacturers. Almost of them still follow analog technology, small part for monitoring and management has already applied digital technology.
STC MeasucemPQI 1000m',»'C. AMI 50
"litaarfAJ VoOVmpT'J Pnpm PF CtB«f(W
-2,61/134 .11 M 7.1 -WIWfASS) . 0 7 1
= 133 Module elf (41 =9.58
7 =.3? %^4i
4
$'"vaac^w'S
The true sine investor up to lOKVA, solar charger 10-12 channels has been developed. In joining with S.P.I Company from Germany, the solar generator under branch of Smart Green Power has been exported to Africa, Europe, and Iran etc. In general, the technology of PV equipments of Vietnam has quite developed; it can well cover local Market with high competitive price and quality. 3 year ago, solarlab has successfully designed an integrated solar local net work (Madicub) which is very suitable for expanding PV power in everywhere at any time. This mode has strongly developed for rural electrification in Viet Nam. In fact it is "mini solar power plant" in range of few KWp up to less than hundred KWp. The block scheme is shown on figure 4. The integrated system is designed on basic of hybrid technology which is flexible, easy modified to meet local condition as different configuration:
For mountainous area: Solar + Micro hydro Energy / Madicub For Coastal and Island area: Solar + Wind Energy / Madicub For Inland area: Solar + Diesel or Biomass Energy / Madicub For Towns and Cifies: Solar + grid / Madicub
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
Grid
Vi^/J- J.
>
-Rural Electricity nergy Security>
- Standly equipment - Support GridSource continuous Price cheap grid r_ -m^K-xr-w ^, ":,,j/_Z/'l "
Diesel Hydridelectric
The block scheme of Madicub
Depend on the Local Energy consumption, we can offer Madicub from IKVA up to lOKVA which are basic on a solar array of a variable power range between 500Wp - lOKWp or more.
The development of DC compact energy saving lamp (CESL) has been started since 2000 year. While the cost of this lamp is slightly higher than the traditional fluorescent lamp, the advantages received are enormous. It has about 10 times higher lifetime, bright and soft light and it consumes low power which gives the benefit of using more energy saving lamps than the fluorescent lamps with a similar PV system. These lamps are also good looking which increases the architect of the bouse installed .Compact energy saving lamp is a most popular accessory for PV development. The CESL 12 VDC saves 70%o energy supporting to reduce 5%)-10%) cost of a SHS in Vietnam. The completing Adaptive research of CESL has been done under a scientific project of VAST and preparing for a pilot manufacturing. However CESL are still less saving than LED's lighting and harmful with environment, therefore it is limited step by step. Another application research program of VAST on Solar Portable Lamps by LED has been done by Solarlab in 2010.
The tendency of LED's lighting is growing fast in Vietnam now as in CDM project, solar street lamps and especially for "Fish luring LED".
Figure 5: Solar Portable - LED and
12VDC CESL manufactutring by
Solarlab
3.3. PV Grid connected by Smart Integrating Technology (SIPV) [5]
The Technology is a completing solution for grid connected RE sources which does not through away any generated RE electrichy of the owner. Difference with the world's grid tied technology (as Solar roof or BIPV), this SIPV technology could also to against black out and any trouble from the national grid. The block scheme of SIPV is presented in Fig. 1 in the input energy we can exploited all Local RE sources mainly by PV array to field in the local network to provide electricity for loading. The missing energy will be balanced automatically
Tieu ban: Mdi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
by the grid. When the PV array RE energy as well is over, it partly will be received in Battery Bank for black out case.
- The advances of the SIPV are following:
- High efficiently exploit solar PV energy as well RE energy sources - Against black out and grid troubles
- Reducing electricity price by buying at cheapest (night time from 22:00 to 4:00 am) - Providing independent local network for any where at any time
Technology Concept:
To get the total solution for intelligent grid connected is not easy. The SIPV has success variable option of the network.
Full grid connected: when the solar electricity is not enough for loading. The PV Madicub (true sine; standard frequency ±1%) will get the grid to balance the missing electrical energy (Fig 6).
Solar electricity gets over feeding: when the solar electricity goes over loading requested (10%)), thePV Madicub automatically switching off partly to keep suitable power for local network. The accepting solar electricity will be charged in Battery Bank for reservation energy (fig 6).
I i i
f>-i. •rsee i
",!• V Brass a-K™" Bress
Fig 6: The block scheme of SIPV
«^t-^
—
[ « . I W
my/scK-wio.^
.... 1...
HUBU
.r-
Full grid connected to balance the missing electrical energy
Golden Cup of Asian Tech-Mart for SIPV technology
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc ky' niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Ndi 10/2010
The first 12.6 KWp-Solar building Tuan An in HCMC
Urgent Center of Tam Ky City, Quang nam province is full-operation by solar electricity Black out situation: when the grid is off the preservative Madicub immediately activate to provide electricity to local network during 30ms (responses to PC informatics equipments).
This operation is also to work when the Battery Bank is too full (Fig 4).
Reducing electrical tariff itself EVN gives cheapest electrical price at 10:00pm to 4:00am.
The grid - charger is programmed to jump in to buy for charging Battery Bank for reservation and use in high tension times which should be charge at highest price managed. The SIPV technology has awarded the Golden Cup prize at the Asian Tech-mart plus 3 (Asian countries plus Japan, China and South Korea) which hold in Hanoi last September 2009.
Reducing electrical tariff itself: EVN gives cheapest electrical price at 10:00pm to 4:00am.
The grid - charger is programmed to jump in to buy for charging Battery Bank for reservation and use in high tension times which should be charge at highest price managed. The SIPV technology has awarded the Golden Cup prize at the Asian Tech-mart plus 3 (Asian countries plus Japan, China and South Korea) which hold in Hanoi last September 2009.
The first solar roof of 12,6KWp using SIPV technology has been displayed by Solarlab and Tuan An Group at Tuan An headquarter located in HCMC Vietnam. Other grid- connected systems are Medical Center Tam ky (3 KWp), Quang Nam province and a private Solar villa (2KWp) in HCMC. Both have been designed and implemented by Solarlab.
3.4. PV Industry of Vietnam
The PV industry has been started a growing by private companies since 2007. Red Sun is the first factory which manufacturing PV module has opened in March 2008 at Long An province Viet Nam. Its capacity is about 3MWp- 5MWp/year. There are 5 companies which are doing business in the PV field. Really they are too small quanfity in compairation with the potential PV market in Vietnam.
Solariab have joined with Nam Thai Ha JSCo. AST JSCo for manufacturing all kinds of PV equipments and accessories such as: solar charger-regulator, inverter, Madicub, Smart.
Some of them have been exported to global market.
Tiiu ban: Mdi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7
The Factory manufacturing Silicon ingot named Solar Materials Inc. at Vietnam - Singapore Industry Park (VSIP) Binb Duong province. The factory has a capability of 700 ton bulk-Si/year.
Other factory planning for manufacturing of think film solar cell CdTe (21 MWp / year) is under processing. The total investment estimated about 3.5-4 milions USD by Viet Vmicro JC-HCMC which located in Saigon High Tech Park HCMC.
4. CONCLUSION
Vietnam is potential in solar power and going to be energy-importing country by 2015. All traditional natural sources of energy will be exhausted by middle of 2 rst century. Vietnam is top 5 countries which are under most heavy-effective by the climate change. It is no solution, except to develop renewable energy as well as solar power. It must be hurry up before too late.
REFERENCE
16. T. Q. Dung, "The Book "Development of Solar Electricity of Vietnam"", Science &
Technology Publishing House, HCMC 2005.
17. T. Q. Dung, "APECPhotovoltaic Conference", October 7 - 9th, 2008, W.T.C Taiwan.
18. H. H. Than, "5th Workshop 'Replacing Energy Sources in period of Growing Oil- price", HCMC August 11th, 2008.
19. T. Q. Dung, ''The 2nd Greater Mekong Sub-region Conference GMSCOS", 8-9*
September 2009, Nakhon Phanom River View Hotel-Thailand.
20. T. Q. Dung, Workshop on "Scientific Cooperation between Vietnam-USA", Rex Hotel, September 24th, 2009 HCMC.
21. T. Q. Dung, "CDMProjects Forum in Vietnam Legend Hotel Saigon", August 27th, 2009.
22. T. Q. Dung, Online joumal Asia Pacific Tech Monitor/Nov-Dec 2009 special issue 23. T. Q. Dung, "Electrification of the high-land Village by solar power an effective
cooperation between Vietnam-Germany", y^ world conference on PV EC Osaka Japan (May 2003).
24. S. Kuma, "Renewable Energy 28", (2003), 2367-2378 PERGAMON publishing house.
25. N. D. Cuong, "Vietnam renewable energy masterplanfor period up to 2015, outlook to 202y\
26. Intemational Conference on Mechanism - Policy Supporting Development of RE &
Investment Opportunity in VN HCM City, 26-27 March 2010