Tap cr
TAI LIEU THA.M KTUO
Cdng t)- Co phan Traphaco. 2015. Tieu chtiiin cO sd d gidng dmh liing.
Dd Tat Lpi. 2004. Xhtlng cdy Ihudc vd vj Ihudc Vict Sam.
N'ha xudt ban V hpc.
Nmh Thi Phip, 2013. Mdt so bien phdp ky ihual tang kha nang nhan gidng cua eay dinh lang la nhd.
Polyscias fruticosa (L) Harms. Tap Iri Khoa hgc vd Phdi Iricn. Tap 11 sd 2: 168-173.
Biii Van Thanh va Ninh Khdc Ban. 2013. Nghien cflu mdt so yeu id anh hudng den kit qua giam hom ndm com [Kadsura coccinca (Lem) A. S. Smith). Hpi nghi khoa hpc loan qudc ve sinh thai vd tai nguyin sinh vat lan thfl" 5.
Nguyen Nghia Thin, 2007. Cdcplutdiigphdp nghien ciiu ihUc vdi. NXB Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi.
Nguyen Thi Anh Tuyet. Nguyen Thuy Anii ThU, Nguyin Thi Thuy Hdng, Nguyen Ngoc SUUng, Nguyin Kim Phi Phung, 2009. Saponin tfl cay dinh lang trd (Polyscias guifoylei Bail) hp Nhdn sam (AraliaceaeJ.
Tap chi Phal trien khoa hoc vd Cong ngtic.
Morphological and anatomical characteristics and propagation ability of Polycias spp.
Ninh Thi Phip, Nguyen Tlii Thanh Hai, Nguyen Mai Ttiom. Nguyen Phuong M.ii, Nguyen Dac Toan. Vu Tlii Huong Tluiy, Pham Thi Xuan Abstract
Morphological characlensties of Pohcias spp. are important markers tor distinguishing accessions and species, especially leaf morphology due to their variability. Dinh lang la nho (DL2), dinh lang la to (DL4) carry compound leaves with up to seven (or more) opposite leaflets, the leaves are deeply lobed, sharp and long; leaf of dinh lang la cue (DL8) is un -portional lobed. All roots of PoHcias spp. are light yellow to brown yellow color. Polyscias spp. has high propagation potential by stem cuttings; the rate of explanting is higher than 80%. There is a positive correlation between anatomical characteristics and propagation capacity. The lower of stem diameter, cortex thickness and number of vascular bundles, the lower propagation capacity (DL8- the explanting rate around 60%).
Keywords: Polycias spp., agronomical and morphological characteristics, stem cutting
Ngfldi phdn biln: TS. Nguyen Van Khiem Ngay duyet ddng: 27/02/2020 IV. KET LUAN
Ddc diem hinh thai cua 8 mau gidng thupc 4 lodi dinh lang khd da dang, la cd sd de phdn bill gidng, loai. Trong dd, hinh dang Id la dae diem quan trpng nhat: Dinh lang la che (DLI) vd dinh lang la che bac (DL7) cd phien Id nguyen hinh thoi, mep la ed nhieu rang cUa. Dinh lang la nhd (DL2) vd dinh lang la Icim (DL3) cd Id kep 2 - 3 lan ldng chim, phien la xe khong deu vd dai nhpn. Dinh lang Id lo (DL4) la kieh thfldc to. Id kep ldng chim Ie, phien Id dai xe khdng deu. Dinh lang Id cflc cd dang la xe cung mot phia.
Cac mau gidng dinh lang cd kha ndng nhan giong cao bdng biln phdp gidm hom thdn, ty' ll cdy xuat vfldn sau 60 ngay dat > 80%, rilng dinh lang la ciic (DL8) ty 11 ra re, ty ll cay xual vUdn sau 65 ngdy gidm Id kem nhat (60%). DL8 la Mau gidng dinh lang c6 dfldng kinh trung tru (6,97mm), vo (0,82 mm), dudng kinh Idi (1,93 mm) nhd nhat nen cd kha ndng nhdn giong kem nhat.
Ngay nhdn bdi: 12/02/2020 Ngdy phdn biln: 21/02/2020
KET HOP PHAN VO CO VA HlTU CO TlT NGUON PHU PHAM NONG NGHIEP BON CHO GIONG LUA OM5451
Nguyin Thi Thanh Xuan'. Pham Thi Kieu Oanh'', Pham Van Quang' TOM TAT
Sfl dung phan hflu cp tfl phu pham ndng nghiip bdn cho lfla dupe bd tri theo the thflc khoi hoan loan ngau nhien vdi 10 nghiem thflc vd ba lan lap lai. Ba loai phan hflu eo tfl ngudn dim lot sinh hpc, rom ra sau thu hoach lua va rom ra sau khi trdng nam rOm. Moi phan hflu co dupe kit hop vdi ba lilu lUOng phan vo eo. 100, 75 va 50 % NPK va doi chdng bdn phan vd co 100 N - 60 P,0. - 40 K,0. Bdn phan hflu eo 5 tan/ha tu dem Idt sinh hpc chan nuoi heo kit 'Tnfdng Dai hpe An Giang, Dai hpc Qudc gia Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh
" Tr^m Trong trol va Bdo vl ThUc vat huyen Thoai Son, tinh An Giang
Tap chi Khcxj hoc Co' , '^aneNdnc 'S62ir- '2020
hpp vdi 75%, ltK)% N - P - K va bon rom sau trdng lua kit hpp 100% N - P - K cho nang suat lua cao hon khac bi|t so ddi chflng tfl 0,33 din 0.82 tan/ha. Hon nfla, bdn phan hflu cd dim Idt sinh hpc, rom sau trong lua va rdm sau trdng nam kit hpp phan vd co gidm dd nga va benh dao dn. Tfl kit qua nghiin cflu cho thay bdn phan hflu cd dim Idt sinh hpe chan nudi heo ket hpp giam 25% phan bdn vd co cd the ddng gdp vao san xuat lua ben vflng.
Tfl khda: Dim Idt sinh hpc, nang sudl lua, rdm ra I. DAT \'AN DE
Trong ba vu lfla, ty le ngfldi dan dot rdm d vu Ddng Xudn nhieu nhal, ehiem 94%, nguyin nhan Id do thdi gian thu hoach cd thdi tilt thuan lpi, trdi ndng tdt; vu He Thu chiem 89''o; thap nhat la vu. Thu Ddng chiem 45,5% do thdi lilt khdng dUpe thudn loi, thfldng ed mfla; Ifldng rdm ra cdn lai vui trflc tiep trin rupng (Tran Sy Nam vd ctv., 2014). Do canh ldc 3 vu/ndm nin thdi gian each iy gifla vu rat ngdn, neu ddt rdm ra se han che ngp dpe acid hflu cp nhUng ehi ldi cung cap mdt phan eac ehat dinh dUdng vd cd cho dat vd gdy 6 nhiem mdi trfldng. neu cdy vui rom ra trfle tilp vdo dat se gdy hiln tupng bat dpng dinh dfldng trong dat hoae trong qud Irinh phdn buy sl gay ra hien tUpng ngp ddc hflu cp cho cay lua (Nguyen Thdnh Hdi, 2008). Vi vay, can cd biln phdp xfl ly rPm ra ldm phdn bdn giflp duy tri do phi nhilu dat. han ehe ngd dde hflu cd, giup cdy chdng chiu lot vdi dieu kiln bat ldi va d nhiem mdi trfldng.
Bi|n phap ddn gidn de sfl dung hieu qud ngudn dinh dudng tfl rOm ra Id sfl dung nam Trichoderma sp. u thanh phan hflu ed bdn lai eho rudng lua nhdm tan dyng dflpc ngudn rdm ra sin cd va de cai thien dinh dfldng dat, gdp phan lang nang suat lua (LUu Hdng Man, 2010).
Rdm ra cdn dflpc sfl dung ldm nam rPm mang lai hilu qua kinh tl, tang thu nhap eho ngfldi ndng ddn. Tuy nhiln, rom ra sau khi trong nam mdt sd it dflpe sfl dung bdn cho rau mdu, lUdng cdn lai ndng ddn thfldng bd di hoac thai ra kenh raeh, gdy lang phi va d nhiem mdi trfldng. Bin canh dd, van de d nhiem mdi trfldng trong chan nudi cflng dang dupe quan tdm, vile phdt tril'n md hinh chan nuoi trin nin dim lot sinh hpc dang dflpe flng dung vd da cho kit qud rat lot giflp giam d nhiem mdi trfldng, gidm mui hdi thdi, gidm dich benh, gidm cdng lao ddng vl sinh chuong trai, liet Idem dien nfldc vd vat nudi phdt tril'n lot. Nghiin eflu sfl dung rdm ra, cdc phu pham sau trong nam rdm vd dim Idl sinh hpc sau khi xfl ly ehudng heo de bdn cho edy Ifla dflpe thfle hien nhdm tan dung ngudn phu pham, han che d nhiem mdi trfldng va giam su' dung phdn vd cd.
H. VAT LIEU VA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN COtJ 2.1. Vat lieu nghien cijfu
Gidng lua: Gidng OM 5451, phdn vd cd: Urea:
46%N, DAP: 18% N - 46% P,0,, Kali; 60% K,0.
Rdm ra sau thu hoach lua va sau trdng nam rdm dfldc ehat thanh khoi l m \ mdi ldp day 20 em, pha lodng 20 g Trico-DHCT vd 150 g Urea vdi nfldc tfldi diu lln dong u, nen chal gifl am 60 - 70% vd nhiet dp 40 - 50''C bang cdch phu kin bang bat nhfla.
Sau 3 luan u tien hdnh dao Iron ddng u. Sau 6 tuan u lien hdnh kiem tra thay nhflng cpng rdm khdng cdn hinh dang, bdi rdi, bdp cpng rdm khdng con nudc chdy va nhiet dp giam la phan da hoai muc (Nguyen Thdnh Hdi vd c(v,, 2014). Phan dim lot sinh hpc: khdng fl. Thdnh phan dinh dfldng trinh bdy d bdng 1. NIn dim Idl sinh hpc gdm che pha'm Balasa NOI cdedc chungvikhuan cd ldi nhfl Bflci7/ws5Hb(i7js, Sireprococus lactis, Saccharomyces, Viiobacillus spp.
dung de phdn huy phdn, nfldc lieu vd khdng che vi sinh vat gdy mui va nguyin lieu ldm chal dpn chfl ylu la trau. Sau vu nudi, nin dim lot nay hoai muc thanh phdn hflu ed nin dfldc sfl dung ldm phan bdn cho rudng lua.
2.2. PhflOng phdp nghien cflu 2.2.1. Bo tri thi nghiem
Thi nghiim dUpc thUc hiln ngodi ddng trong vu Thu Ddng 2016, sa lay vdi mat dp 80 kg/ha, bo tri theo thi thflc khoi hoan todn ngau nhien vdi 10 nghiem thfle, 3 lan lap lai, lat ca ed 30 d thi nghiim, diln lich mdi d la (7 m x 10 m) = 70 m^
gifla eac d dflpe ngan cdch bd khdng cho nfldc ehdy tran Ifl d ndy qua o khac Ky hilu cdc nghiem ihflc thi nghiem nhu sau:
- DLSH + 50% N-P-K: Phan dem lot s.nh hoc + 50 N - 30 P,Oj - 20 K,0.
- DLSH + 75% N-P-K: Phan dem lot sinh hoc + 75 N - 45 p p , - 30 K,0.
- DLSH + 100% N-P-K: Phan dem lot sinh hoc + 100 N - 60 p p , - 40 KjO.
- RSTL + 50% N-P-K: Phan rom ra sau t + 50 N - 30 P , 0 , - 20 K,0. 1 trong Ilia
- RSTL + 75% N P-K: Phan ram ra sau trone lua
75 N - 45 P , 0 . - 30 K,0. '
Tape-
- RSTL + 100% N-P-K: Phdn rdm ra sau trdng lua + 100 N - 60 Pp^ - 40 K,0.
• RSTN + 50% N-P-K: Phdn rdm ra sau trdng nam + 50N-30P,O^-20K,O.
- RSTN + 75% N-P-K: Phan rpm ra sau trdng nam + 75 N 45 P,0^- 30 K,0.
- RSTN + 100% N-P-K: Phan rdm ra sau trdng nam + 100 N - 60 P,0, - 40 K,0.
- 100% N-P-K: 100 N - 60 P,0^ - 40 K,0.
2.2.2. Phtidngphdp bdn phdn
- Phan hflu cd dUpc bdn lot 5 tan/ ha. vui vao dat bdng mdy xdi trUde khi sa.
- Phan vd cd dUpc chia thdnh 3 lan bdn d cae thdi dilm 10,20.42 ngdy sau sa (NSS). Lan 1: 30% Dam, 50 % Ldn (DAP) vd 50% Kali; lan 2 40% Dam va 50 % Lan. Lan 3: 30% Dam va 50 % Kali.
2.2.3. Chi tieu theo doi
- Chieu eao cdy, sd chdi, bdng, sd hat/bdng, sd hat chdc/bdng, phdn trdm (%) hat chdc, Irpng lUdng iOOO hat (g) ddnh gid theo tilu chuan eua vien nghiin cflu lua (IRRI, 2013).
- Ndng sual thife t l (Tan/ha): thu hoach trong khung 5 m-, phdi khd vd gie sach, can trong lUpng, quy veam dp 14%,
Ti l | benh dao dn (%): la benh/tdng sd la dieu tra MOO, thdi diem 45 NSS. Ti le dd nga (%):
Udc Iflpng % cay bj dd ngd (1RRI,2013).
2.2.4. PhiMng phdp phdn tich vd xii ly so lieu Phdn tich ddt: Mau dat lay trin rudng thi nghiim:
dupc thu thap tai 5 die'm theo dudng cheo gdc, d dd sau 0 - 20 cm. Phdn tich. Dam long sd: phuong phdp kjeldahl (TCVN 6498:1999); Lan tdng sd: PhflPng phdp quang phd (TCVN 7374:2004); KaH trao ddi:
phflong phdp quang pho phdt xa (TCVN 8662:2011);
Chat hflu CP: Walkley - Black (TCVN 9294:2012), pH 1:5 dat - nfldc; pH kl. Mdu dfldc phdn tieh tai trfldng Dai hpc Can Thd.
Phdn tich phdn hflu cd: Mdu phdn hflu ed: lay 5 mau trong dong u theo dfldng cheo gdc. phdi khd, trdn deu, loai bd bdt mdu theo nguyen tdc dudng cheo gdc. Phdn tieh: N tdng sd: phfldng phap Kejldahl; lan tdng sd: mdy so mdu (UV-Vis); Kali tdng sd: quang phd hap thu nguyen tfl (AAS), ehat hflu ca: phfldng phdp Walkley-Black.
Phdn tich thdng ke: Phdn tieh phfldng sai (ANO\'.-\) va kil'm djnh Ducan de so sdnh khac biet gifla cdc nghiem thfle.
2.3. Thdi gian vd dia diem nghiin cflu Nghien cflu dfldc thfle hiln tfl thdng 8 nam 2016 den thdng 11 nam 2016 tai thi Iran Nui Sdp. huyin Thoai Sdn, tinh An Giang. Loai ddl vung nghiin cflu Id Humi Umbric Gleysols (Vd Tdng Anh. 2006).
HI. KET QLA V.\ THAO LUAN
3.1. Thanh phan dinh dfldng dat thi nghiem Kit qud phdn tich dat: N long sd: 0,21 g.kg ' , P.O..
long sd: 0,10 g.kg'.K.O trao doi 0,23 meq.lOOg', Chat hflu ed 23 % C ." pH (1 : 5 dat - nUde) 5,87.
Ket qua cho thay dat cd hdm Iflpng dam tdng so, ldn tdng sd, kah trao ddi trung binh ngheo. Hdm Iflpng ehat hflu cd cfla ddl nghien cflu cflng d mflc ngheo.
3.2. Thdnh phan dinh dfldng phan hflu cd Dam tdng sd: trong 3 loai phdn hflu cd thi phdn dim Idl sinh hpc (DLSH) cd ham lupng N tdng sd cao nhat 1,32%); nen rdm sau Irdng Ifla (RSTL) va rom sau Irdng nam (RSTN) cd N tdng so lUdng dUdng nhau Id 0,55% vd 0,57%. Lan long sd: hdm Ifldng P.O. trong RSTL Id cao nhal (0,88%), thfl hai la DLSH (0,65%) va thap nhat Id RSTN (0,30%).
Kali long sd: Phdn RSTL ed hdm Iflpng kah eao nhat (I,89"u), eao gap 2,4 ldn so vdi phdn RSTN vd gap hon 4 lan so vdi phdn DLSH (Bdng 1).
Bang I. Thdnh phdn dinh dfldng phan hflu ca I Dim Rom ra Rdm ra I
Idt sau sau ' sinh trdng trong hpc lua nam rdm 1,32 0,55 0.57 . 0,65 0,88 0,30 | 0,47 1,89 0,79 ! Chi tieu
N tdng sd (%) Lant6ngsd(%) Kali tdng sd (%) Chat hflu CO
(% OM) 31,44 37,66 17,40 3.3. Anh hfldng cua bdn kit hdp phan hiifu co va vo cd den sinh trfldng cay lfla
3.3.1. Chieu cao
Tang trfldng chieu cao phu thudc vdo loai phdn hflu CO khi kit hdp vdi cdc mflc bdn N-P-K. Nen phan DLSH ludn cho ehilu cao cay lot nhdt vd nghiem thflc DLSH + 100% N-P-K ludn eho chieu cao cdy eao nhat 6 cdc giai doan. d mflc bdn 75%
N-P-K tren nen DLSH vd RSTL chieu eao eay khdng khac bill so vdi ddi chflng bdn 100% N-P-K. Khi bdn 100% N-P-K kit hpp vdi phdn DLSH chieu cao cdy cao nhat cd the do trong phdn hflu ca dim idt sinh hpe ed chfla dam cao (1,32 %).
';;".'[ftfiotj •'ex Cc iniheXc Bang 2. Anh Nghiem thtic DLSH+ 50% N-P-K DLSH+ 75% N-P-K DLSH + 100% N-P-K R S T L + 5 0 % N-P-K RSTL + 75% N-P-K RSTL + 100% N-P-K RSTN + 50% N-P-K ' RSTN + 75% N-P-K RSTN + 100% N-P-K 100% N-P-K (DC) Afji'i y nghia CV (%)
-Jngh c" . e: VJ"~ 56 2(!
h u o n g cua bon ket h o p p Chieu cao cay 40 N'SS 45.5 c 46.1 be 50.2 a 42.4 e 46.5 be 4 7 2 b 42,2 e 44.0 d 47.0 b 46,3 be 8,8
r-2o:o
hhi hflu ca den ch i c m )
Thu hoach
" S5,o"d S4.4 c 87,9 a 81,3 e 84,3 c 86.6 b 78,8 f 83,0 d 84,7 c 84,5 c 6,4
eu cao cjy va so choi Ilia So c h o i (b6ng)/ni- 4 0 N S S ( C h « i ) Thu h o a c h (bong)
579 d 640 b 706 a 523 e 605 c 637 be 523 e 560 d 637 be 647 b 21
461 de 4 S S b 503 a 456 e 471 c 489 b 453 e 465 cd 485 b 483 b 7,2
Ghi chu: Cdc sd trong ciing mdt cdt cd cung chtl gidng nhau thi klidng khdc biet y nghia 5 % Irong phep thd Duncan.
" khdc biet d milcy nghia 1%.
3.3.2. So choi
Cdc loai phdn hflu co khi kit hpp vdi cdc mflc bdn vd cd dnh hfldng din sd chdi/m'. khdc bill cd y nghia thdng kl d mflc 1%. Trong dd. mflc dp phdn bdn 5 Tan/ha phan DLSH kit hpp 100 N - 60 P,0, - 40 K,0 kg/ha dai hieu qua sd chdi/m' eau nhat d tdt ed ede giai doan; thdp nhat Id nghiim thflc RSTN va RSTL ket hpp bdn 50% phdn vd ed (Bang 2).
3.4. Anh hfldng cua bdn ket hpp phan hiifu cd va phan vd cd den cdc thanh phan nang suat va nang sudt thflc te
3.4.1. So bong /m-
Klt qud phdn lich bdng 2 cho thay bdn kel hpp phdn hflu CO vd phdn vd ca cd dnh hUdng tich cue den sd bdng/m-, khdc bill ed y nghia thdng kl d
mflc y nghia 1%. Sd bdng/m^ dai cao nhal d nghi|m thflc DLSH -I- 100% N-P-K (503 bdng), thap nhal d nghiim thflc RSTN + 50% N-P-K (453 bdng), chinh lenh 50 bdng/nr. Tren nen DLSH, d mflc bdn 100%
N-P-K eho ket qud sd bdng/m' cao nhat vd hdn ddi chflng bdn 100% N-P+K nhflng bdn RSTL vd RSTN khdng khac bi|t vdi ddi chflng. Dilu nay cd the do trong dim Idl sinh hpe ed lupng dam cao (1,32 %) trong khi dam trong RSTL vd RSTN cd Ifldng dam ldn Iflpt la 0,55 vd 0,57 %.
3.4.2. Hat chdc tren bdng
Sd hat chdc/bdng d nghiim thflc DLSH + 100%
N-P-K cao nhdl vd khdc biet ed y nghia thdng ke d mflc 1% so nghiim thflc ddi chflng. Tren nen DLSH vd RSTL, cdc mflc bdn 75% va 50% vd ca cd ty 11 hat chdc tupng dfldng ddi chflng.
Bang 3. Anh hUdng cfla bdn kit hop phan hflu cO din cac thanh phan nang suat N g h i e m thtic
D L S H + .^0% N-P-K DLSH + 75% X-P-K D L S H + 100% N-P-K RSTL + 50% N-P-K RSTL + 75% N-P-K RSTL+ 100% N-P-K RSTN + 50% N-P-K RSTN + 75% N-P-K RSTN + 100% N-P-K 100% N P K (DC) Miic V nghia Cl-("o)
So hat chac/ b o n g 53 bed 60 ab 64 a 49 cd 54 be 58 ab 41 e 47 de 55 be 55 be
"
7,4
PIOOO hat (g 25,12 ab 25,29 ab 25,31 a 25,11 ab 25,18 ab 25,30 ab 25,10 b 25,26 ab 25,30 ab 25,30 ab
*
4,01 nang suat va nang suat liia suat (tan/ha) 6,07 d 6,76 b 7,16a 5,27 f 6,21 cd 6,67 b 4,89 g 5,79 e 6,40 c 6,34 c
T a n g / g i a m NS -0,27
0,42 0,82 -1,07 -0,13 0,33 -1,45 -0,55 0,06 0
Ghi chit: Cdc so trong cung mot cdt cd ciing chilgidng nhau thi khdng khdc biel y nghia 5% trong phep ihi( Duncan
•^ khdc biet 3 miic y nghia 5%, " khdc biel 3 mitey nghia 1%.
.ngr,,:. VietNjn-
3.4.3. Trgng iMng 1000 hat
Kit qud b d n g 3 c h d thay t r p n g lUpng 1000 hat d a o dpng tfl 25,1 d e n 25,31 g, khdc b i l t cd y nghia d mflc 5%. Tuy n h i l n , sfl khde b i l l ehi the h i e n gifla n g h i i m thflc RSTN t- 5 0 % N - P - K so vdi n g h i i m thflc DLSH + 100% N-P-K, k h d n g khdc b i l t d d i vdi ede n g h i i m ihflc cdn lai.
3.4.4. Ndngsudt thtic te
Kit qua bdng 3 cho thay b d n k i t h p p p h a n hflu cd vd vd cd ed dnh hUdng d i n n a n g sudt thflc t l , khdc bi?t ed y nghia t h d n g k l d mflc 1%. T r o n g dd, n g h i | m thflc bdn phdn DLSH k i t h p p mflc k h o d n g 100% N-P-K cho hieu qud n a n g sudl thUc te cao nhdl (7,16ldn/ha. tang 0,82 T a n / h a ) . Thap nhat la n g h i i m thflc RSTN + 50% N-P-K (4,89 t a n / h a ) vd khdc b i l l so vdi n g h i | m thflc ddi chflng b d n 100% N - P - K (6,34 t a n / h a ) . H d n nfla, n g h i e m thflc DLSH ket h d p mflc bdn 7 5 % N-P-K vd RSTL + 100% N - P - K cho nang suat eao khdc b i l l ddi chflng.
Rdm la sau khi thu hoach dflpc xfl ly vdi Trichodermina d e lao t h a n h n g u d n phdn hflu cd eua md hinh thdm c a n h lfla cd the gidm 20 - 6 0 % phdn hda hpc (LUu H d n g M d n vd ctv, 2003). P h a n r d m hflu CO b d n vdo da giflp gidm Iflpng d a m can thiet bdn cho cdy lua giflp gia tang sd b d n g / m - vd gidm chi phi ddu tfl phdn vd cd (Tran Ngpc Hflu vd ctv., 2014, Nguyen T h a n h Hdi vd ctv., 2015). Kit qud n g h i i n cflu cho tiiay n d n g suat tdng cao n h a t d n g h i e m thflc bdn DLSH cd the N Irong DLSH cao (1,32%) vd bdn RSTL vd RSTN md gidm p h d n vd cd k h d n g cho hieu qud ve nang suat ed the d o lUpng d i n h d U d n g khdng dfl bu cho giam 25 - 50% p h a n vd cd. T u p n g tfl, kit qud n g h i e n cflu cua N g u y e n Q u o e KhUdng vd Ngd Ngpc HUng (2014) b d n r d m fl vdi Trichoderma b tan/ha lam ldng sd b d n g / m - , sd h a t / b d n g , ty le hat chdc md dan d e n ldng n a n g sual lfla.
3.5. A n h h f l d n g c u a b d n k i t h p p p h d n hflu c d len b e n h d a o o n Id va d o n g d
3.5.1. Benh dgo on
Giai d o a n lfla lam d d n g (45 NSKS), b e n h d a o dn xuat hien vd gay hai d tat cd cac n g h i e m thflc.
Trong dd, cdc n g h i i m thflc b d n k i t h p p phdn hflu eP vd vd CO deu c h d n g chiu tdt vdi b e n h d a o dn, cd ty ie n h i e m b e n h thdp h d n so vdi ddi chflng chi bdn vd CO. khdc b i l l cd y nghia t h d n g ke d mflc 1%
(Bdng 4). N g h i i m thflc ddi chflng b d n 100% N - P - K CO ty 11 n h i e m b e n h c a o nhdt (10,63%), n g h i i m thflc RSTL-t- 50% N-P-K ed ly Ie b e n h t h a p n h a t (4,01).
Cdc nghiem thflc b d n ket h p p p h a n hflu ca cd b e n h dao dn thdp h d n ddi chflng cd the d o p h d n hfla ca giflp cdy hdp thu Silic tdt h d n (Luu H d n g M a n vd c/i'.,2003).
Do nga: Tai t h d i d i e m thu h o a e h . ly l^ d o nga d cdc n g h i e m thflc thi n g h i e m khde b i l t co v nghia q u a p h d n tich t h d n g k l d mflc 1%. Ty l l d d nga d n g h i | m thflc ddi chflng b d n phdn 100% N-P-K Id c a o nhdt (27,1%); n g h i i m thfle RSTL + 50% N - P - K Id thdp nhat (8,5%). Cac n g h i i m thfle b d n kel h p p phdn hflu cd d e u cd ly le d o nga t h a p h p n ddi chflng chi b d n phdn vd c o (Bang 4). Bdn RSTL co ty le d d ngd t h a p h d n 2 nen edn lai d cflng mflc b d n d o t r o n g phdn RSTL cd h a m Iflpng kali long sd cao h d n . Kali ngodi vai trd van c h u \ c n \ a tdng h p p cac ehat trong eay e d n giflp eay eflng, tang khd n a n g c h d n g sdu b | n h , c h d n g nga d d va d i l u k i | n bat lpi cua thdi tici
Bdng 4. Anh hudng cua bdn ket hpp phdn huu LO lln benh dao dn la vd sfl dd nga Nghiem thflc B6nh daodn D6 nga
(%) (%) ;
DLSH+ 50% N-P-K 4,96 f 11.9 fg i DLSH + 75% N-P-K 7.08 d 16.2 dc DLSH-h 100% N-P-K 8.03 be 21,2 be j RSTL + 50% N-P-K 4,01 g 8,5 g I RSTL+ 75% N-P-K 5,59 e 13.5 ef I RSTL+ 100% N-P-K 8,10 be 19.5 bed RSTN + 5 0 % N-P-K 7,16 d 16,9 ede RSTN + 75% N-P-K 7,56 cd 19,5 bed j RSTN + 100% N-P-K 8.34 b 22,0 b I 100% N-P-K (DC) 10,63 a 27,1 a
• Mdc y nghia " '* , CV(%) 4.91 3,S4 I
Ghi chu: Cdc so trong cung mdl cdt cd cimg chd giong nhau thi khdng khdc biet y nghia 5% trong phep thit Duncan. " klidc biet d miic y nghia I %.
IV. KET LUAN
Bdn phdn hflu ed tfl d e m lot sinh h o e chan nudi heo ket h p p gidm 2 5 % N - P - K , hoae k h d n g gidm phdn vd e o N - P - K vd rOm sau trdng lfla k i t h d p k h o n g gidm N-P-K cho n d n g suat lfla cao h o n ddi chflng.
Bdn p h d n hflu e d edn gidm d o nga vd b e n h d a o dn.
T A I LIEU TH.\M KHAO
Vd Tong Anh, 2006. Chinh ly, bd sung ban do ddt tinh An Giang ti le 1/100.000. Bao cao nghiem thu de tai Sd Khoa hpc va Cdng nghe tinh An Giang.
Xguyen Thanh Hoi, 2008. Anh hUdng sU chdn via rdm rg liioi Irong da! ngap nUdc den sinh tn/dng cua Ida (Oryza saliva L.) d Dong bdng sdng Ciiu Long. Luan dn Tien si Ndng nghiep. TrUdng Dai hpc Can Tho.
63
Nguyen Thanh Hoi, Mai \ u Duy, Le Vinh Thuc va T r a n Sy N a m , N g u y i n Thi H u y n h N h u . Nguxcn Hflu Nguyen Thi Diem HUdng, 2015. Anh hudng cua C h i e m , Nguyen Vo C h a u Ngan, Le H o a n g \ ' i l t vd phan fl tfl rom (phe diai eua vice sdn xudt nam rdm) Kjeld Ingvorsen, 2014, Udc tinh luong \ a eac biC'n ed xfl lifrie/iodenHd d i n suih IrUdng va nang suat cua phap xfl ly rdm ra d mpt sd linh d d n g bdng Sdng 2 gidng lua ,MTL560 va lR5a404. Tap chi Khoa hgc, Cflu Long. Tgp chi Khoa hgc. Khoa C d n g n g h l vd TrUdng Dgi hgc Suphgm TP. HCM. 2 (67): 177-184. Mdi trUdng. TrUdng Dai Hpc Can Tlio. t32): 87-93.
Trdn Ngpc Hfiu, D o Tdn T r u n g , Nguyen Q u d c J i e u c h u a n Viet N a m . 1999. Tieu chuan Q u d c gia KhUdng, Nguyen Thanh H o i va Ngd Ngoc HUng, T C V N 6498:1999. Chat lUpng dat - Xac d i n h nito 2014. Thdnh phan dinh dUdng NPK trong u phan tdng - PhUOng phdp kendan (Kjeldahl) cdi bien.
hflu ca vi sinh va hieu qua trone cai i h i l n sinh _ . , . « , . . , . . , - , „ , T ^ , , . , _ , - . ,„/>. ••-.
^_^^ ^ _^ ,_ , ; ^ , , ^ , V _ . . i . . - ^ ^ ^ " c h u a n Viet N a m , 2004. T C V N . 3 / 4 : 2 0 0 4 . Tieu chuan Quoc gia Chat lUpng ddt- Gid tri chi thi ve ham lupng p h d l p h o tdng so trong dat Viet Nam.
Tieu c h u a n Viet N a m , 2011. T C V N 8662:2011. Tieu IrUdng va nang suat lfla. Tgp chi Khoa hgc, TrUdng
Dgi hgc Can Thd, so chuyen de; Ndng nghiip, (3):
151-157
Ncuyen Q u o c K h U d n e v a Ned Ngoc HUnc, 2014. Anh , , - „ . , . ^ , ^ , . , „, u,^ ' 1,- I.- ^ i,^ ' ^ i - \ ' . . u - - i u - chuan Quoc gia Chat l u o n g dat - Phflong phap xdc hUdng cua bon phan rdm hflu eO len phat thai khi ^- u i, i ,i" •• b f F CH^, N , 0 va nang suat lua trong dieu kien nha ludi. -^ ^^" °^ ^'^"•
Tgp chi'Khoa hgc. TrUdng Dgi hgc Cdn Vid Phan B: Tieu c h u a n Viet N a m , 2012. T C V N 9294:2012. T i l u Ndng nghiep, Thuy san vd Cdng nghe Sinh hpc. chuan Quoe gia ve Phan b d n - xae dinh edcbon hflu 32' 46-52. ca tdng so bdng phUOng phap walkley - black.
LUu H d n g M a n , Vu Tien K h a n g vd Takishi Watanabe, IRRI, 2013. Standard Evaluation System (SES) for Rice 2003. Cdi thiln dd phi dat bdng rdm ra. Omon Rice. (5"'edition). P O . Box 933. 1099 Manila, Philippines.
Nhd xudt bdn Ndng nghiip, tr. 74-82.
Combining inorganic and organic fertilizers from agricultural by-products for rice variety OM5451
Nguven Thi Thanh Xuan, Pham Thi Kieu Oanh, Pham Van Quang Abstract
The use of organic fertiUzer from by-product apphed for rice to reduce inorganic fertihzer was layed out in a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and three replications. Three types of organic fertilizers were prepared from livestock bio-bedding materiak straw composting, and decayed straw after mushroom cultivating.
Then each was combined wilh three doses of mineral fertilizer NPK as following formulas 100; 75; 50% NPK and 100%
mineral fertilizer with amount 100 N - 60 P , 0 , - 40 K , 0 . Results showed that application of 5 ton/ha of livestock bio- bedding material combined with 75% and 100% N-P"-K and straw composting combined 100% N-P-K significantly increased the yield of rice compared m t h a control treatment from 0,33 to 0.82 ton/ba. Moreover, applying those organic fertilizers reduced lodging and rice blast disease. Research results shoewd that applying livestock bio-bedding material combined with 25"o reduction of chemical fertilizer may contribute to sustainable rice production K e y w o r d s : Livestock bio-bedding, rice yield, straw
Ngdy n h d n bdi: 09/02/2020 NgUdi phdn bien: TS. Dfldng H o d n g S d n Ngdy p h d n bien: 21/02/2020 Ngdy duyet d a n g : 27/02/2020
HIEU QUA SAN XUAT TRONG TROT TREN CAO NGUYEN M O C CHAU
Nguyen Thi Thuy', VO Thi Hdi', Do Van Ngpc^
T O M T A T
San xuat trdng trpt t r i n Cao nguyin Mdc Chau cd nhieu Idi the, dem lai gia tri kinh te cao; tuy n h i ' h - vilc lfla chpn cay trdng edn lU phat dan d i n tinh trang san xuat Iran lan, h i l n lUOng d u p e miia mat aia th f^ " ^ ^ dien ra. N g h i i n cflu ndy ddnh gid hieu qud sdn xudi mdl so loai eay trdng tren Cao nguyen Mgc Chau \ ' v. i u "
canh: h i l u qud k m h te. hieu qud mdi trudng va hieu qua xa hpi. tren ed sd sfl dung sd lilu tfl dieu tra n ' ri -^ ' ^ xudt lai Cao nguyen Mde Chau. PhUOng phap bach todn hang nam dUpc dflng d l tinh todn hieu qua kinh t ^'A -^^^
thang d o likert 5 mflc dd d l d a n h gia h i l u qud xa hpi. h i l u qua mdi trfldng. Ket qua cho thay hieu ona n u - i " " ^ qua xa hpi va moi irUOng cua tUng loai tUng n h o m cay trong cy the: Che. ngo. man, m d ed hieu qua ki h - u - ' Hpe \^en Ndng nghiep Vilt Nam; - Trung lam C h u y i n giao cdng ngh? va Khuyen ndng