LUAT
CO CHE PHAP LY THUC DAY DOANH NGHIEP XA HOI St DUNG LAO DONG LA NGl/Cfl KHUYET TAT
> HOANG XUAN TRUdNG
TOM TAT:
Bai viet ph3n tich cd che phap ly thuc day doanh nghiep xa hpi su" dung lao ddng la ngu'di khuyet t^tt diTa trdn hai khia canh chinh: Chinh sach dao tao nghe cho ngifdi khuyg't tdt v^ chinh sach iftj dai do'i vdi doanh nghiep xa hpi su" dung lao dpng la ngUdi khuye't tat. Qua nhiJng phSn tich, danh gid, bai viet da de xuat cac giai phap phii hdp trong vide su; dung lao dpng la ngu'di khuye't tiit.
Tit khoa: Doanh nghiep xa h6i, ngifdi khuye't tat, chinh sach dao tao ngh^, chinh sach \Su dai.
1. D^t van de
Ngifdi khuy6't tSt la mot thuat ngu" phap ly diing di gpi ehung cho mot nhom ngi/di luon phai do'i mat vdi mot nguy cd ba't ldi nao do dan den vi6c ma't mat ve the chat, tinh than va hp can nhan difdc sif quan tam dac biet tu' xa hpi. Doanh nghiep xa hpi ian dau tien difdc xuat hien d Vifdng quo'c Anh tu: dau the' ky XVli'. Trong khoang ba thfip nien tr6 lai day, doanh nghiep xa h6i khong chi la loai hinh phat trien trong pham vi cua nifdc Anh ma con Ian rpng ra nhieu qu6'c gia, vung Ianh tho ttJ" chau Au, chau My de'n chau A. Va no trd thanh mSt van dong xa h6i c6 quy md va tam anh hu'dng toan c^u-. Si? menh ciia doanh nghiep xa hoi la giai quye't cac van de xa hpi, v^ mot trong nhu'ng va'n de xa hoi cap thie't la tao viec lam cho ngu'di khuye't tat. Do dd, viec tao ra ai che' phap ly phu hdp nham thiic day doanh nghidp xa hoi su' dung lao dong la ngifdi khuyd't tat cd vai trd v6 cung to Idn.
Hai yd'u to' quan trpng quye't dinh si; hieu qua cua cd che nay la tay nghe ciia ngu'di khuye't tat
va chinh sach ifu dai doi vdi doanh nghidp xa hpi.
Nha lam luat da dat ra nhieu chinh sach de dao lao nghe cho ngi/di khuyet tat cung nhif khuye'n khich doanh nghiep su" dung lao dong la ngu'di khuyet lat. Tuy nhien, nhu'ng quy dinh nay chu'a thiJc SLf tao dpng lye de doanh nghiep xa hpi su"
dung lao ddng la ngifdi khuyet tSt. Bdi vay, viec nghien ciJu cd che' phap ly de thiic day doanh nghiep xa hpi sit dung lao dong la ngifdi khuye't tat CO y nghla Idn.
Bai viet tap trung phan tich chinh sach ho trd dao tao nghe cho ngifdi khuye't tat va chinh sach ifu dai do'i vdi doanh nghiep xa hpi sii dung lao dong la ngifdi khuye't tat. Tit do, difa ra cac nhan xet, danh gia cung nh\S neu len cac kien nghi de hoan thien cd che phap ly thiic day doanh nghiep xa hpi sil dung lao dpng la ngifdi khuyet tat.
2. Chinh sach dao tao nghe cho ngtiiti khuye't t§t
Nha nifdc da dat ra nhieu chinh sach dao tao nghe cho ngi/di khuyet tat de hp cd the chu dong tao viec lam hoac gia nhap vao thj tru'dng lao dpng
giiip ngifdi khuye't tat cd difdc mot ky nang nghe nghiep nha't dinh de dap iJng yeu cau cong viec, nhifng vln con ton lai nhieu ba't cap.
Mot la, ve dieu kien ngifdi hpc du'dc ho trd dao tao. Dieu 4, thong tif so 152/2016/TT-BTC Quy dinh Quan ly va siJ dung kinh phi hd trd dao tao trinh dd sd cap va dao tao difdi 3 thang quy dinh cu the ve di^u kien ngifdi hoc du'dc ho trd dao tao.
Tuy nhien, nhu'ng tieu chi nay chu'a thifc su: phu hdp vdi thifc tien, chu'a tao di^u kien de ngu:di khuye't tat tham gia cac chifdng trinh dao tao nghe.
- Thd nha't. ngifdi hpc phai trong dp tuoi lao dpngCniTtif du 15-55 tud'i; nam tij'du 15-60 tudi).
Quy dinh nay la phii hdp vdi Bo luat Lao dpng nam 2012 nhifng lai chifa diing vdi Bo luat Lao dpng nam 2019 (nff tij" du 15-60 tuoi vao nam 2035; nam tCf du 15-62 tudi vao nam 2028; tif ngSy 01/01/2021 ci? mdi nam tang them 3 thang dfi'i vdi lao dpng nam va 4 thang do'i vdi lao dpng niJ)^ Mac du, de'n ngay 01 thang 01 nam 2021, Bp luat Lao ddng n3m 2019 mdi c6 hidu lUc;
nhu'ng Bp luat Lao dong nSm 2019 da difdc Qud'c hpi thong qua. Do dd, cd quan chuyen mon can cd nhiJng chinh su'a, thay ddi phii hdp.
- Thd hai, ngurdi hpc can dap iJng yeu cau ve trinh dd hpc van. Dd'i vdi nhu'ng ca nhan binh thu'dng, viec yeu cau ve trinh dp hpc va'n cd the la idi^u kien can nhimg do'i vdi ngu'di khuye't tat, viec dSt ra ydu cau trinh dp hoc van se gidi han cd hpi difdc dao tao ngh^ cua do'i tifdng nay. Bdi sif han che, khie'm khuyet ve mat cd the dSn ddn cac rao can ve giao tiep va tham gia cac hoat dpng \a hpi nen rat it ngifdi khuye't tat dat du'dc mot trinh dp gido due nhS't dinh.
- Tluf ba, ngu'di hpc can cd phifdng an tif tao viec liim sau hoc nghe va phai dam bao tinh kha thi. Quy dinh nay chu'a phu hdp dd'i vdi ngifdi khuye't tat. Tidu chi "phifdng an tif tao vide lam"
difdng nhif trd thanh rao can ngan ngifdi khuyd't tat den vdi cd hoi difdc dao tao nghe. Viec yeu cau ngu'di khuyet iSt phai cd phifdng an tif tao viec lam khi chu'a du'dc dao tao nghe hay tham chi chifa co ba't ky ky nang nghe nghiep nao la khdng hdp ly.
Hdn niJa, phifdng an nay phai "dam bao tinh kha thi". ma nha lam luat khdng giai thich nhif thd'nao la mot phu'dng dn dam bao tinh kha thi.
Hai la. \ e kinh phi hd irp dao tao. diem b.
khoan 2. dieu 5 Quye't dinh 46/2015/QD-TTg qu\
dinh chinh -sjch hd trd dao tao trinh do sd cap, dao tao difdi 3 thang qu> dinh \ e miJc ho trd di lai cho
ngu'di khuye't tat: Mifc hd trd ti^n di lai 3(iti 000 dong/ngifdi/khda hpc ne'u dia diem dao tao d xa ndi cif tni tif 5 km trd len. MiJc ho trd nay chifa phii hdp vdi thtfc te. Bdi ngifdi khuye't tat la ngifdi kho khan ve di chuyen, do dd, chi phi nay khdng the dii de chi tra cho vide di lai trong sud't khoa hoe.
Nhifng ye'u td' nay cd the can trd ngu'di khuye't tat tham gia cac khoa hpc.
Ba Id, ve thdi gian dao tao, ngu'di khuye't tat difdc dao lao td'i da 3 thang. Do sif gidi han ve su'c khde cung nhif sif khid'm khuye't cua cd the nen nhieu khi viee hpc nghe mang tinh gian doan.
Cung vdi do, thdi gian dao tao ngdn han khie'n eha't lu'dng dau ra khdng cao.
Bdn la, ve danh muc nghe nghiep dao lao, bdi thdi gian dao tao ngan han ndn ngifdi khuyd't tat difdc dao tao mot so'nganh nghi ddc thu nhif nghe thij cdng: tam, may, vd, theu,... Nhu'ng nghe du'dc dao tao chu ye'u la nghe thu cong ddn gian, xet trdn dac thii tinh trang khuye't tat ma chu'a tinh de'n nhu cau cua thi tru'dng.
3. Chinh sach lAi dai dd'i vdi doanh nghif p xa hOi svl dung lao d<»ng la ngi/di khuyd't t^t
Nha lam luat chu'a ban hanh chinh sach ifli dai rieng danh cho doanh nghiep xa hpi khi su" dung lao dpng la ngu'di khuyd't tat. Do do, khi ail dung lao dpng la ngu'di khuye't tat, doanh nghiep xa hpi difdc hu'dng cac chinh sach \tu dai nhif doanh nghiep ndi ehung. Dieu 34. Luat Ngifdi khuye't tat nam 2010 difa ra cae chinh sach ifu dai danh cho doanh nghidp su" dung lao dpng la ngifdi khuye't tat nhif: "Cd sd san xuat, kinh doanh stir dung tit 30%
id^ng so' lao dpng trd len la ngu'di khuye't tat dUdc hd trd cai tao dieu kien, moi trifdng lam viee phu hdp cho ngifdi khuyet tat; difdc midn thue'thu nhap doanh nghiep; difde vay vo'n vdi lai suat ifu dai theo dif an phat trien san xuat kinh doanh; difdc ifu tien cho ihue da't, mat b^ng, mat mfdc va midn giam tien thue da't, mat bdng, mdt nifdc phue vu san xuat, kinh doanh theo ty le lao dong la ngifdi khuydt tat, mtfc dp khuye't tat ciia ngifdi lao done va quy md doanh nghiep"^
Quy dinh nay difde hifdng din eu thd lai khoan I. dieu 9 nghi dinh so 763/VBHN.BLDTBXH quv dinh eh, tidt va hifdng ddn thi hanh mdt so' di^u cua Luat Ngifdi khuyet tat nam 2010. Ben canh dd. khi s^ dyng lao dpng la ngirdi khu^e', tai. doanh nghiep xa hpi dUdc hifdng ifu dai vd thue'thu nhap doanh ngh..p: Mien ihue thu nhap dd-i Vdi thu nhap S hoa. dpng san xuat. kmh doanh hang hod. dich vu
32 So 17-Thang 7/2020
LUAT
Ciia doanh nghiep ed tif 30% so' lao ddng binh quan trong nam trd len la ngifdi khuye't tat va ed sd' lao dpng binh qudn trong nam iCf 20 ngu'di trd len, khdng bao gdm doanh nghiep hoat dpng trong linh vifc tai chinh, kinh doanh bat ddng san^
Cd the tha'y, nhiJng chinh sdeh dac biet nay phan nao tao dieu kidn thuan ldi hdn cho doanh nghidp xa hpi khi sif dung lao ddng la ngu'di khuye't lat. Tuy nhien, nhiJng chinh sach nay vSn cdn ton tai mdt sd' bS't eSp nhif:
Mot Id, chifa co ifu dai danh eho doanh nghidp xa hpi sit dung lao ddng la ngifdi khuyd't tat. Dieu nay vd hinh ehung cao bdng giiJa doanh nghiep xa hpi - hoat dpng vi muc tieu ldi nhuan vdi nhiing doanh nghiep truyen thd'ng thdng thifdng. Tuf do, muc tieu khuye'n khich phdt trien doanh nghiep xa hdi khdng dat difdc. Cac doanh nghidp xa hdi sil dung lao dpng la ngifdi khuye't tat thu'dng cd quy md nhd, vdn dau tu: it, kinh doanh tren thi tru'dng ed ldi sua't tai chinh thd'p va hidu suCt kinh doanh cung se khd dat du'dc hidu qud so vdi doanh nghiep thdng thu'dng hay doanh nghidp xa hdi khae. The' nhifng, mot tidu ehi bat budc doanh nghidp xa hpi phai tuan thii dd la ludn phai sijf dung itnhd't51%
tdng ldi nhuan hang nam de tdi dau tif thifc hien muc lieu xa hdi, mdi tru'dng nhif da cam ke't^.
Hai Id, tieu chi de difdc hifdng ifu dai chifa phii hdp. Tri sd'bat budc de du'dc hu'dng u\i ddi la 30%
tdng so' lao ddng phai la ngu'di khuye't tat. Cd quan diem cho rdng phap luat khdng quy dinh cu the la ty Id 30% nay ap dung vdi doanh nghidp ed td'i thieu bao nhieu ngifdi lao dpng ma chi quy dinh ehung ehung vdi mpi doanh nghidp. Dieu nay ddn tdi vide cd nhiJng doanh nghiep quy md nhd, it ngu:di lao ddng se khong the ddp iJng dieu kien nay trif khi dd la doanh nghiep cua rieng ngu'di khuye't tdt^ Vide quy dinh mang tinh cao bang vifa khdng tao du'dc ddng life de cac doanh nghiep sii" dung lao ddng la ngifdi khuyd't tat vtfa tao nen sif bat man dd'i vdi edc doanh nghiep s^
dung lao dpng la ngu'di khuye't tat vdi so' lifdng Idn Dd'i vdi doanh nghidp xa hdi, cd 2 tru'dng hdp du'dc xet de'n nhif sau:
Trudng hop thd nha't, doanh nghiep xa hpi du'dc thanh ISp khdng vi muc tieu giai quyd't viec lam cho ngu'di khuye't tdt nhu'ng nhiJng doanh nghiep nay vdn sii" dung lao ddng la ngifdi khuyet tat. Tuy nhidn, ty le ngifdi khuye't tat du'dc s^
dung d nhiJng doanh nghidp xa hpi nay chu'a de'n 30%. Theo edc quy dinh hien hanh, doanh nghidp
xa hdi nay khdng difdc hifdng ba't ky ifu dai nao mac dii doanh nghiep nay gdp phan giai quyet cac van de xd hpi trong dd cd giai quye't vide lam eho ngifdi khuye't tat.
Trudng hap thd hai, doanh nghidp xa hdi du'dc thanh lap vi muc lieu giai quyd't vide lam eho ngu'di khuyd't tat. O nhiJng doanh nghidp nay, ty Id ngifdi lao ddng la ngifdi khuye't tat thifdng rat cao.
Mac du vay, nhiJng ifu dai ma doanh nghiep xa hdi nay dUdc hu'dng nhin ehung gid'ng vdi doanh nghidp thdng thifdng siJ dung 30% ngifdi lao ddng la ngifdi khuye't tat. Trif tru'dng hpp, doanh nghidp xa hpi su' dung tiJ 70% lao ddng la ngu'di khuyd't tat trd len thi du'dc midn lien thue da't, mat bdng, mat nifdc phuc vu san xud't - kinh doanh. Nhimg, ne'u cac doanh nghidp nay di thue da't, mat bdng, mat nude eua ca nhan, td chiJc dan su" thi quy dinh nay eon cd hieu life? Va ne'u cd hieu life ihi chi phi thud da't, mdt bang, mat nifdc se difde xit ly nhif thd' nao? Chu'a ed ba't ky hifdng ddn cu the nao ve va'n dd nay, ddn tdi ifu dai nay du'dng nhif khdng hieu qua trdn thifc te'.
Trudng hap thd ba, chifa cd hu'dng din ve hd trd kinh phi cai tao mdi tru'dng lam viec phii hdp cho ngifdi khuye't tat. Td chiJc s^ dung tiJ 30% tdng so' lao dpng trd len !a ngifdi khuye't tat thi du'dc hd trd kinh phi cai tao mdi tru'dng lam viec phii hdp cho ngifdi khuyd't tat. Tuy nhidn, theo quy dinh cua Bd luat Lao ddng nam 2012 eung nhif Bd luat Lao ddng nam 2019, ngifdi sijf dung lao ddng phai bao dam ve dieu kien lao ddng phu hdp vdi lao ddng la ngifdi khuye't tat. Nhif vay, trifdc khi su" dung lao ddng la ngifdi khuye't tdt, doanh nghidp xd hdi bat budc phdi cd mdi trifdng lam viec phu hdp vdi ngu'di khuye't tat.
4. Kid'n nghi, giai phap
4.1. Nhdm giai phap vi chinh sach dao tao nghe cho ngUcfi khuye't tat
Mot Id, sita ddi dieu kien ngifdi hpc difde hd trd dao tao. ThiJ nha't, can sita ddi dp tuoi lao dpng cho ddng vdi quy dinh ve dp tudi lao ddng trong Bp luat Lao dpng nam 2019 (nu" tif du 15-60 tudi vao ndm 2035; nam tif du 15-62 tuoi vao nam 2028; tif ngay 01/01/2021 eiJ mdi ndm tang them 3 thang dd'i vdi lao dpng nam va 4 thang dd'i vdi lao ddng niJ). ThLJ hai, nen quy dinh tiinh dp hpc va'n theo hu'dng la tieu chi khuyd'n khich ehiJ khdng phai la dieu kien can do'i vdi ngifdi khuye't tat. Bdi ngifdi khuyet tat ra't khd dat du'dc mdt trinh dp giao due nha't dinh. Cudi cung, khdng nen quy dinh dieu kien bat budc "cd
phifdng an lif tao viec lam " ddi vdi ngifdi khuyd't tat.
Bdi chinh sdch Nha nifdc ludn la '"khuye'n khich"
ngifdi khuye't tat tif tao viec lam.
Hai Id, can quy dinh kinh phi ho trd di lai phti hdp thifc te. Nha nu'dc can ed chinh sach hd trd kinh phi di lai difa trdn nhieu yeu td nhif dang tat, ty le tdt va khoang each dia ly; khdng ndn dat ra mdt miJc tien hd trd cu the.
Ba Id, can quy dinh linh boat ve thdi gian dao tao. Nha nifdc can cd chinh sdeh dinh hifdng de cac trung tam day nghe cd thdi gian dao tao linh hoat;
phia hdp vdi dieu kien, hoan cdnh eiia ngifdi khuye't Idt; dam bao cha't lifdng dau ra sau moi khoa hoc.
Bdn la. can chii trpng md rdng nganh nghe dao tao. Danh muc nganh nghe dao tao can du'dc quy dinh eu the va md rpng sang cac ITnh vifc dap ling nhu cau cua thi tnfdng.
4.2. Nhdm giai phap ve nhiing chinh sdch Uu ddi ddi vdi doanh nghidp xd hgi sii d^ng lao dgng Id ngUdi khuyet tat
Mdt Id, can cd Uu ddi danh cho doanh nghidp xa hpi ndi ehung va doanh nghiep xa hpi sii dung lao dOng la ngu'di khuye't tat ndi ridng. Vide khdng difa ra cac Uu dai, chinh sach danh rieng cho doanh nghiep xa hpi vd hinh ehung lam muc tieu khuydn khich phat trien doanh nghiep xa hpi khdng dat du'dc.
Hiu Id. can xac dinh lai tieu ehi de duTdc hifdng ifu
ddi cho phii hdp. De tao ndn su binh dang giCf i cac doanh nghiep su' dung lao ddng la ngUdi khuyet tat;
tac gia kid'n nghi quy dinh miJc dp hUdng Uu dai Ufdng iJng vdi ty Id lao dpng la ngUdi khuyd't tat. Vi du, doanh nghiep sii* dung 15% lao dpng la ngUdi khuyd't tat thi se dUdc hUdng 15% cWnh sach Uu dai.
Vide quy dinh nay tao nen sif linh boat trong vide hd trd Uu dai dd'i vdi cac doanh nghiep eung nhif giiip ngUdi khuyd't tat cd ed hdi lam viec nhieu hdn.
Ba Id. can co hUdng ddn ve hd trd kinh phi cai tao mdi trUdng lam vide phii hdp cho ngUdi khuye't tat. Cd quan cd tham quyen can quy dinh cu the ve van de nay de giup doanh nghidp ndi ehung va doanh nghidp xa hdi ndi rieng de dang tid'p cdn thdng tin tiJ do "cdi md" hdn trong viec su* dung lao ddng la ngUdi khuye't tat.
5. Ket luan
Doanh nghidp xa hdi thudng cd quy md nhd, hoac sieu nhd nhUng la md hinh phii hdp vdi nhdm ngUdi ye'u the', ddc biet nhiJng dd'i tUdng can dUde trd giup de giai quye't nhu cau vide lam. Vide gdn ket doanh nghiep xa hdi va ngUdi khuye't tat la mdt chinh sach ed y nghla to Idn ve mdt nhdn sinh. Bdi le dd, de thiic day doanh nghiep xa hpi sii" dung lao dpng la ngUdi khuyd't tat; vide hoan thien cd ehe' phap ly hen quan la yeu cau can thie't. bat budc va cd y nghla quan trpng •
TAI LIEU TRICH DAN:
'H6i a6ng Anh, Vi^n Nghien cifu Quan ly kmh te trung ifdng, Doanh nghiep xa hoi tai Viet Nam. Khai niem bdi cdnh va chinh sdch. Ha Noi. n^m 2012.
•Vien Nghien ciJu Qudn ly kinh te trung ifdng, Trung tam ho trd sdng kien phuc vu cons d^ng, (2012) Tai lieu hpi thdo: Doanh nghiep xa hoi tai Viel Nam. khai niem, boi canh va chinh sach. Ha Noi ir 2
•'Khoan 2. dieu 169. Bo luat Lao dpng ndm 2019.
-"Dieu .14. Luat NgUcIi khuyet tat 2010
'Khoan 3. dieu 1. Luat sifa ddi, bd sung mot sddieu ciia Luai Thue thu nhap doanh nohieo 2013 ''Diem c. khoan I, dieu 10, Luat Doanh nghiep 2014
'Tran Thi Thiiy, Phdp luat ve viSc lam cho ngi/di khu> et tat \ a thifc lien thUc hien lai moi so tinh mi^n Na
Vi?t Nam. Trifclng Dai hpc Lucii Ha Noi. 2017. 0". 31 * '*"^
TAI U^l THAM KHAO:
1. Qudc hoi (2006). Luqt Day nghe 2006.
2. Qudc hyi (2010). Luat .\fiUdi Umyel nit 2010.
'> QiKK- hoi (2014), Lu(n Doanh nghifp 2014.
34 So 17-Thang 7/2020
LUAT
4. Qudc hdi (2014). Luat Gido due nghe nghiep 2014.
5. Qudc hoi (2012, 2019), Bg luat Lao dong nam 2012, 2019.
6. Qudc hoi (2013), Luat siia doi, bo sung mdt sddieu cua Luat Thue thu nhap doanh nghiep 2013.
7._B6 Lao dpng - ThUdng binh va Xa h6i, (2019), Nghi dinh sd763/VBHN-BLDTBXH quy dinh chi tiet vd hudng ddn thi hanh mot sddieu cda Luat Ngudi khuyet lat.
8. Bo Tdi chinh (2016), Thong tu so 152/2016/TT-BTC Quy dinh Quan ly va sd dung kinh phi hd trd dao lao trinh do sa cap vd dao tao dudi 3 thang.
9. Bp Lao dOng - ThUdng binh va Xa hpi (2013) Thong tuiien tich so 48/2013/rTLT-BTC-BLDTBXH quy dinh quan ly va sd dung kinh phi thUc hien de dn trd giiip ngudi khuye't tql giai doan 2012-2020.
10 Tran Thi Thuy (2017) Phap luat ve viec lam cho ngudi khuyet tat va ihuc lien thuc hien tai mot sdtlnh mien Nam Viet Nam. Trifdng Dai hpc Luat Hd N6i.
11. VienNnghien cUu Quan ly kinh tdu-ung Udng, Trung tam ho trd sang kien phuc vu cdng ddng (2012), Doanh nghidp xa hdi tqi Viet Nam. khdi niem, bdi canh vd chinh sdch. Tai heu h6i thao. Ha Npi,
12. Hoi dong Anh, Vien Nghign cUu Quan ly kinh te trung Udng, (2012) doanh nghiep xa hgi tqi Viet Nam: Khdi mem, bdi canh vd chinh sach. Ha Noi.
Ngay nhan bai: 15/6/2020
Ngay phan bidn danh gia va sufa chiJa: 26/6/2020 Ngay cha'p nhSn dang bai: 6/7/2020
Thong tin tac gid:
ThS. HOANG XUAN TRlTCfNG
Khoa Lu§t, Tru'&ng Dai hpc Kinh td' Qudc dan NCS. Khoa LuSt, Dai hpc Qud'c gia Ha Npi
THE LEGAL MECHANISM ENCOURAGING SOCUL ENTERPRISES TO EMPLOY PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
• Master. HOANG XUAN TRUONG Faculty of Law, National Economics University
Postgraduate student, Sclnool of Law/, Vietnam National University - Hanoi
ABSTRACT:
This paper analyzes the legal mechanism to promote social enterprises to employ persons with disabilities based on two main aspects, namely the vocational training policies for persons with disabilities and the preferential policies for social enterprises when employing persons with disabilities. Based on this paper's analyses, some solutions are proposed to promote the employment ofpersons with disabilities.
Keywords: Social enterprise, persons with disabilities, vocational training policy, preferential policy.
