Nha thau kem nang lu'c se khong con ca hoi?
LE THE DCfC
Ti£u chi gia re la lAi ti€n hang diu trong d§'u thiu trifle day da khien nhilu dijT an quan trpng red vao tay nha thau kem nang life. H$u qua la ''can b$nh nan y " trong diu ttf cdng: cham tie'n do, chat liftfng thS'p, ddi gia dif an... xay ra kha ph^ bi^n. B§n canh dd, con nhilu nguyen nhan khac va chi cd nhin dung ban ch^t v^n dl mdi co the tao ra cudc "each mang " loai bd nha thiu kem, li^a chpn nha thau td^t.
TC/ V | | C N H A ^ T H A U TRUNG QUOC THANG NHIEU Dy'AN
Hidp hdi Cd khi Vidt Nam (VAMI) cho bid^t, hidn nay nhd thau Trung Qud'c dang ldm tdng thdu EPC (tff va'n, thie't kd' - cung cd'p thid't bi - xdy ldp, vdn hanh) 5 trong tdng sd 6 dff dn hda chd't, td't cd dtf dn che bie'n khodng sdn, 49 trong tdng sd 62dff dn v l ximdng, 16 trong tdng sd'27 dff dn nhi^t did" vd nhieu dff dn ve giao thdng (Nguyin Vdn Thu, 2014).
Sd lidu cua Uy ban Tdi chinh vd Ngan sdch Qud'c hdi edng bd' trtfdc ddy cung cho thd'y, tinh dd'n ndm 2010, cd ddn 90% cdc dtf dn tdng thau EPC ciia Vi0t Nam Id do cdc nhd thiu Trung Qud'c ddm nhiem, trong dd chu yd'u Id dau khi, hda cha't, didn, ddt kim. Trong so ndy, cd tdi 30 dff dn trpng diem qud'c gia, trong dd cd nhieu dtf dn "ty dd"
cua ngdnh didn (Ld Van, 2014).
Cdc dff dn do nhd thau Trung Qud'c ddm nhdn phan Idn deu cd ^ nghTa quan trpng trong phdt Iridn kinh id'. Tuy nhien, chat Iffdng cdc nhd thdu Trung Qudc vd hd qua gay ra th§i ddng budn: kdo ddi thdi gian thi cdng. ldm dOi vd'n dau tff, chat Iffdng thiet bi kdm...
Xdt trdn thi/c td. ndng Iffc cua cdc nhd Ihlu Trung Qudc thffdng rd't yd'u kdm.
Khi dd trung thau, cdc nhd thiu Trung Qud'c thffdng khdng luan thO cdc quy
dinh trong hdp ddng. NhUiig, do hp bd gid rat thd'p ndn ludn thang thiu, tuy nhidn trong qua tnnh tridn khai, cdc nhd thiu nay thtfdng thi cdng cham tie'n dp, phai hidu chinh nhieu lan, cdtinh tim each ydu cau chu dau ttf dieu chinh, nang gia cua gdi thau, lam tang tdng mffc dau ttf, va ro rang la hieu qua dau ttf giam.
Bdn canh do, cha't Itfdng thie't bi cua nha thau Trung Qud'c khdng ddng diu, mdt so' thid't bi phu trd chd't Iffdng thd'p thffdng bi thay thd'. Hp thffdng xuydn thay ddi thie't bi so vdi cam ke't ban dau, thay ddi tieu chuan vat lieu, thay ddi va bd sung nha eung ca'p. Do dd, gid hdp ddng thffdng dpi ldn rat cao.
Ddn cff mpt so'dff an do nhd thiu Trung Qudc dang thffc hidn, nhff: Dff dn Gang Thep Thai
Nguydn giai doan 2 do nhd thiu MCC (Trung Qud'c) lam tdng thau EPC.
Sau khi triing thau, khdng nhffng ho khdng tid'p tuc trien khai, ma cdn de nghi tang gia mdi tie'n hanh, lam cho tdng mffc dau tff tang va cung khid'n dff an chdm hdn ba nam. Hay nhif Dff dn san xud't Alumin Tan Rai do nhd thau Chalieco (Trung Qud'c) triing thau (thang 10/2013) cung Idm tdng tdng mffc dau tff cua Dtf dn them 35,37% va khien tie'n dp dtf an cham gin hai nam (Thuy Hien, 2014).
Dff dn Dffdng sdt dd thi Cat Linh - Ha Ddng cd gdi than chinh do Cdng ty Trach nhidm hffu han Tap doan Cue 6 dffdng sat (Trung Qud'c) thtfe hidn theo hinh ihffc tdng thau EPC, nhffng kinh nghidm cua nhd thiu lai la "Ian dau tidn" Iam tdng thau EPC tren ITnh vtfc dtfdng sat do thi!?
Dieu dang ndi, trong cdc dtf dn md nha thau Trung Qud'c ldm tdng thau, thi ty Id ndi dia hda bdng 0%, cdc nhd thau phu Viet Nam cung ft cd cd hdi tham gia. Ong Nguyen Vdn Thu, Chti tich Hidp hpi Cd khi nhan xdt QueTc
, » thi ty . d}a hda b^ng 0%, cac nha thiu phu Vi^t Nam cung it cd ccf hOi tham gia. Nd'u doanh nghi$p Trung Qud'c trung
EPC, t u cac doanh nghidp Vi^t Nam
khdng cd vi
.7
NGHIEN Catl - TRAO DO!
den cdi bu ldng nhd thiu Trung Qudc cung dem vao, ne'u doanh nghidp Trung Qud'c tiling thau EPC, thi cdc doanh nghiep Viet Nam chac chdn khdng cd vide gi dd ldm.
Dd'n Itfc Itfdng lao ddng, nha thiu Trung Qud'c cung tuydn ngtfdi ntfdc hp, tff lao ddng phd thdng nha't, nhff:
nd'u an, vd sinh mdy mdc, bdo ve, ky stf, cdng nhan xay dmig vd lap may... Chtfa dtoig lai d do, ke ca nhffng vat ttf, vdt lieu dii rat ed sdn tai thi trtfdng Vidt Nam hp cQng khdng dung, md phai nhap khau tff Trung Qud'c.
XUA'T P H A T TU" N H I E U NGUYEN NHAN
ThU: nhdt, ttieo Ludt Dd'u thau nam 2005 (Ludt cu), tieu chi cd gid re nhd't ludn dtfdc tfu tidn trong lffa chpn nha thau. "Nguydn tac ndy khdng gidng bat ctf ntfdc nao trdn the' gidi!". Chiing ta ludn cd ttf duy chpn nha thiu bd gia re va dieu do vd tinh bid'n dau thau thanh dau gia. Vide tfU tidn gid re khid'n cdc nha thiu Vidt Nam va nha thau qudc te' cd chat Itfdng cao khdng ed cd hdi triing thau. Cdc ntfdc trdn thd'gidi lai khdng chon nhffng nha thau bd gid qua re, ma hp chon
nha thau bd gid hdp ly nhd't cd the.
Chinh vi tfu tien gia re nen ede nha thau Trung Qud'c da thang thau hlu het cdc dtf an Idn d Viet Nam, bdi ndi ve gia, thi ca thd' gidi diu phai thua Trung Qud'c. Cac nha thau Trung Qud'c thtfdng 'fe; ra gid than thap hdn gid '' chua'n tff 20%-30%, nen khd ai eanh tranh dtfdc.
Vd thffc td' "tiln nao cua a'y" cung cho tha'y nhtfng hau qua nhdn tien (Trin Quye't, Van Chtfdng, 2014).
Thii: hai, Ludt eu thie'u htfdng ddn ve hd so quy doi lidn quan dd'n xua't xiJ vat ttf, phu kidn hang hda khi xet gid, danh'gid gay nhieu khd khan trong cdng tac xdt thau, vi the' ehi chpn dtfdc nha thau vdi gid tha'p. Nhieu chuyen gia va cac nhd thau dd'n tff khdi cdc ntfdc cdng nghiep phdt tridn (G7) deu phan anh, Luat Da'u thau nam 2005 cua chiing ta bd qua dieu khoan neu xua't xtf thie't bi dd cd he so' ddnh gia cdc tidu chuan ky thuat vd gid tri.
Ben canh dd, vide tinh diem thtfdng, phat cdc nhd thau khdng cdng bdng, nhilu nha thiu vi pham d cac dtf an khde hoac khdng trung thtfe lai khdng bi trff diem. Tham ehi, mdt sd nha thiu bi ddnh gid kem d cdng trinh trtfdc, dang ra phai bi loai bd tham gia than d cdc dff dn v l sau cua ehu dau ttf cdng tiinh. Nhtfng thtfe te, sau mdt thdi gian ngan, edc nha thau nay lai vdn dtfdc tid'p tuc tham gia dtf thiu va triing thau!?
Thd ba. do stf rang budc khi dff an stf dung vd'n tai trd cua ntfdc ngoai. Cde dtf an sff dung ngudn vd'n ntfde ngodi thdng thtfdng phai td chtfe da'u thau qud'c td'. Khi vay vd'n tfu dai, cac ntfdc cd quan he song phtfdng, hau
het hp ed dilu kidn la danh cdng viec cho nha thiu cua ntfdc hp lam, ddy gan nhtf la thdng Id tren the gidi.
Ddn ctf nhtf cdc dtf dn nhiet didn, vi ntfdc ta thid^u vdn, mdt sd dtf dn nhidt didn vay vdin tff ngdn hdng cua Tmng Qudc, ndn budc phai chi dinh nhd thau Trung Qudc, nhtf cdc dtf an nhidt didn:
Quang Ninh 1, VTnh Tan 1, Duyen Hai 1;
hoac dd'u thiu han che trong sd cdc nha thiu Trung Qud'c (nhtf dtf an Nhiet didn Cao Ngan)...
Thd tu, chu dau ttf ra "diu bdi* mdi thiu chtfa sat thtfe td'. Khi lap dff dn, Vidt Nam ludn tinh su^t dau tff qud thap.
Chang han nhff mdt dff an cd thid't bi v^
cdng nghd hidn dai, thi sud't diu tff can la 1 ty USD mdi cd thd mdi cdc nhd thau Nhat Ban va nha thiu chau Au tham gia.
Cdn nd'u chi ldp ra dtf an vdi mtfc dau tif 700 tridu USD, thi chi phd hdp vdi nha thiu cua Trung Qud'c.
Cd t h i thay ro dilu nay khi so sdnh ehi phi thtfe hien gdi thau Nhiet dien Nghi Sdn 1 vdi Nhidt dien Hdi Phdng 1 (hai nha may cung quy md cdng trinh Id hai td may 300MW). Nhidt didn ddt than Nghi Sdn 1 dtfdc tai trd bdi ngudn vdn ODA cua Nhat Ban cd gia ky hdp ding giffa chll dau ttf vd nha thau Marubeni (Nhat Bdn) quy ddi la 959 trieu USD Qidp ddngcd hidu Itfc tff ngay 22/7/2010).
O dff an Nhiet didn Hdi Phdng 1, gid k^
hdp dong giffa chu diu ttf vd nhd thau lidn danh Ddng Phtfdng (Trung Qudc) vd Marubeni la 480 tridu USD (hdp dong dtfdc ky ket vdo ngdy 26/ll/20{)5). Cho dii vat gid thay ddi nhieu sau 5 nam thi cdng, tff nam 2005-2010, nhimg gid tiling thau cua dtf an Nhidt dien Nghi Sdn I da tang ldn gap ddi gia Nhidt didn Hai Phdng 1. Dieu dd chac chan cung da phan anh phin ndo cha't Itfdng mdi cong trinh (Tran Quyd't, Van Chtfdng, 2014).
Nghich Iy "gid thiu thap - thdnh cao, gid thau cao - thanh thd'p" la eau chuydn c6 that, khdng phai hoang dtfdng!
Ben canh vide dtf todn thd^p khidn nha thiu ed cha't itfdng khdng tham gia dtfdc, cdn cd vide xdc dinh edc ydu clu td'i thieu ve kinh nghiem vd ndng IiK khdng hdp Iy, Iam mat ed hpi ciia nhi thiu npi. Mdt cdng vide chi ydu cau c<5 kinh nghiem 1 ndm, nhtfng chij dau tif lai ydu clu nhd thau cd kinh nghidm tdi 5-10 ndm hoac ra dilu kidn Id nhd thiu phdi cd ndng Itfe tdi chinh hdn nhilu lln gid tri gdi thau...
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K j n h i e v i DirMBThiinam, ndng itfc cua chd dau ttf ydu kdm. Vide xdc dinh ndng Itfc thtfe te cua cdc nhd thiu ra^t can thidt, nhtfng cdc quy dinh, van bdn phdp luat lidn quan van de ndy thieu chi tiet, cu thd. Mat khac, stf phdi hdp cua cdc cd quan chtfe nang, dac bidt Id chu dau ttf, ban quan Iy dtf an, tff van gidm sdt.. trong ddnh gia nhd thiu thidu chat che, thtfe hidn qudn ly giam sdt dtf dn ldng leo.
Vide thtfdng thao va ky kd't hdp ddng chffa chat che, chtfa quydt liet thffc hien cdc bidn phdp xff ly vi pham ciia nha thiu. Ddng thdi, Vidt Nam cung chtfa cd che tdi du manh dd xij" ly nghiem ede chu diu ttf khdng qudn ly tdt cac dtf dn.
Nhffng dff dn Idn cln thdi gian chuan bi ddi, tinh todn dly dii mpi yeu td'cdng nghd, mdi trffdng, xa hdi, nhimg vi chay theo chi tieu ke hoach, ndn chu dau tff ddi khi ddnh thdi gian chuan bi eho dtf dn ngan, hd luy Id ra dau bai mdi thiu thtfdng sd sdi. Do vay, vdi cdc dff an vdn ngdn sdch, ludt cln quy dinh ro chu dau tff phdi ddp tfng vd tudn thii day du cdc quy dinh ve chuyen mdn, trinh dd ky thuat.
Thii sdu, cdc chij diu ttf dtf an Idn dCing vd'n nhd ntfdc do mud'n "an nhan", ndn thtfdng thich da'u thiu theo hinh thffc EPC, ngai trong vide tdch cdc phin cdng vide d l cd cdc gdi thiu phu hdp vdi dieu kidn ciia nhd thiu tiong ntfdc. Dieu nay Id nguydn nhan khien nha than ndi mat cd hdi do thiu EPC ddi hdi vd'n ldn, may ra mdi ddnh dtfdc vai thiu phu cho nha thiu ngoai.
Thd bdy, ndng Iffc tai chfnh nha thiu ndi cd han. Hidn mdt sd chinh sach thud', tin dung cua Viet Nam chffa ffu dai dd'i vdi chij diu tff vd nha thau trong ntfdc, trong khi mdt sd' nhd thiu ntfdc ngoai dtfdc htfdng ffu dai, dien hinh nhff Trung Qud'c. Theo dng Pham Sy Lidm, Phd Chii tich Tdng hdi Xdy dtfng Vidt Nam, Chinh phu Trung Qudc cd hin mdt chtfdng trinh hau thuSn rift manh me cho cdc nha thiu di ra nffdc ngodi nhan thau. Hp quy dinh rd rdng, neu vdi li^u xdy dffng, may mdc thidt bi Trung Qud'c dffa vdo dff dn bdng 15% tdng gid tri dffdn dd trd ldn. thi ede nhd thiu dffde vay vd'n vdi lai sud't rd't thd'p vd dffde gidm nhilu thff thud', tham chi cd loai cdn dtfdc mien thud' (Trin Quyd't, Vdn Chtfdng^ 2014).
Thd tdm. t^ nan tham nhung hodnh hdnh gdy dnh htfdng khdng nhd dd'n chat Iffdng di\i thiu. Mdc dii, khdng cd eon
Dii an Dirang sat do ttii Cat Liiih - iHa Dong co got than do nha thau ciia Trung Quoc co kinh nghiem "lan dcUi tien "
sd thdng kd eu the, nhitag ehac chdn dilu nay xay ra khdng it. Ngay ca nha than cua Nhat Ban ludn dffde ddnh gid la cd cha't Itfdng cao cung phai hdi Id de cd dtf dn, dien hinh nhtf vu Tap dodn Ttf va'n giao thdng Nhat Bdn (JTC) hdi Id eho mdt so' Idnh dao ngdnh dtfdng sat Viet Nam hdn 700.000 USD mdi day, vu Hen quan den xa Id Ddng - Tay d TP. Ho Chi Minh trtfdc ddy...
Id minh chffng rd rdng. Dilu nay cung phin nao ly giai vi sao nhd thdu Trung Qud'c trung nhieu dff an mac dii nang Iffc cung nhff chat lifdng cdng trinh thffc hidn ludn d mffc tha'p, bdi nhtf ldi chuydn gia Ld Dang Doanh
"Trung Qud'c la bdc thay cua diit Idt, hd'i Id va lai qua"!
Thiichin, tinh cdng khai, minh bach chtfa cao. Trong Ludt cu, tidu chuan danh gid hd sd dtf thau dtfdc giff bi mat. Chang han, ydu cau can giai thich ly do khdng trung thau cho nhd thau biet, thi Ludt Dd'u thau nam 2005 quy dinh Id khdng cd trdch nhidm giai thich Iy do (Khodn 2, Dilu 41). Trong khi, vide giai thich ro rdng la mdt vide Iam can thid't nham khang dinh tinh mmh bach, khdch quan.
LUAT MCfl HY VONG SE KHAC PHgC...
Da'u thiu d Viet Nam cd nhilu ban che' do quy dinh tff Luat eu va ca ye'u to' chu quan va khdch quan.
Nhffng, dilu dang mffng la Luat Da'u thiu mdi nam 2013 va Nghi dinh sd 63/2013/Nb-CP, ngdy 26/6/2014 quy dinh chi tid't thi hdnh mdt sd dieu cua Ludt Dau thau v l Itfa chpn nhd thiu mdi ban hdnh da cd btfde
"cai tid'n " Idn, dtfdc nhieu chuyen gia vd nha thiu danh gid cao, khac phuc dtfdc kha nhieu diem yd'u trtfdc day.
Luat Dd'u tiiau nam 2013 vd Nghi dinh so'63 da bd sung quy dinh mang tinh nguyen tdc ve thii tuc, phtfdng phdp Itfa chpn nhd dau ttf trdn cd sd tdng hdp cdc thdng Id qudc td' tdt va nit kinh nghiem tff thffe tien Iffa chpn nha diu tff tff nhdn trong va ngodi nffdc thffc hien cdc dtf dn kd't ca'u ha tang, dich vu cdng cpng tai Viet Nam trong thdi gian qua.
Hai vdn ban ndy da khac phuc dtfdc tinh trang lay tidu ehuan gid re Iam tfu tidn hdng dau khi dp dung phffdng thffc dau thiu mpt giai doan hai tiii ho sd; day
V and Ffltri jsl Rcvicu
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NGHIEN CCfU - TRAO DOI
V V Tai Hdi thao "Crf chg* da'u t h i u mffi - cd sd di thang t h i u cac htfp d i n g trong hoat dOng xay drfng " didn ra ngay 24/7 tai Ha Ndi, CMC trtfdng Cue Quan ly DSn t h i u L6 Van Tang nh$n xet, tSit ca nhuTng di^ni mdi cua Lu^t Bail t h i n 2013, trong thrfc t^'cudc sd'ng mdi ca nhSn d i u thifc hi$n tif lau khi dung ti^n cua minh dd' d i u trf, ma khdng c i u phai hoc qua ldp nghi$p vii dS'u t h i n nao. Chang ban khi chung ta xSy nha cho minh tlu d^u rat chiu kho di tim ngrfofi thid't kd', nha t h i u xdy drfng, nguydn vdt heu nao tdt nhat, gia hdp ly nhat, ki^m tra ciing rd't sat sao. Tuy nhidn, cac drf an dung vd'n nha nrfdc, ndn chu d i u trf erf lam thd" nao tidn nhd't cho minh, ma khdng nghi ddn hdu qua sau nay. j y
manh dd'u thiu qua mang dd tang tinh cdng khai, minh bach; ehu trpng hdn de'n eha'm didm uy tin nha thau.
Tff nhffng quy dinh ndy, chiing ta hy vpng se tffng bffde loai nhffng nha thau ye'u.
Tuy nhidn, luat td't chffa han da giup giai quye't hd't cac tdn tai, ma quan trpng hdn la yd'u td' thffc thi nhtf Ihd' nao? Trong bdi canh hdi nhap hien nay, dd cd the loai bd nha thau ye'u, ciing vdi viec cd khung phap ly td't, Viet Nam cln Itfu -^ giai quyd't nhffng va'n de sau:
- Nang cao nang Itfe dpi ngu can bp thtfe hien cdng tac da'u thiu. Hidn nay, ddi ngii cdn bd thifc hien cdng tac da'u thau tai edc cd quan nha ntfdc, thtfdng kiem nhidm, khdng phai ai cung cd chuydn mdn ridng v l dd'u thau. Dieu nay la mpt khd khan trong qua tnnh cham thau, cung nhtf cac cdng tdc qudn ly hdp ddng, quan ly dtf dn sau do. Chinh vi vdy, cln thid't phai cd cac khda hpc, tap hua'n nham nang cao kie'n thtfe ve dau thau cho ddi ngu cdn bp tai cdc cd quan, doanh nghiep, coi day nhff Id tieu chuan bat huge khi sff dung can bd.
- Day manh edng tac quan ly can bd trong nhffng Iinh vffc nhay cdm, de phdt sinh tieu cffe, tham d, hdi
Id, tham nhung... bang cdch quan l;f chat che cac ngudn thu nhap, thdm chi la cac khoan chi tra cua cd nhan va gia dinh cac cdng ehtfc, vien chffc...
- Day manh vide trien khai kho dff lieu v l nha thau trong ntfdc vd ntfdc ngoai, trong do cd dly du thdng tin v l ndng Itfc da thtfe hien, kinh nghidm xdy diflig cac cdng trinh ldn cd vd'n diu ttf nha nffdc...
dd tang ctfdng cdc hoat ddng giam sat.
- Chu diu ttf, tiiay yi mdi tiiau EPC, ein tdch gdi thau ldn nd'u thay ed thi thiJc hien dtfdc. Bdi, dilu nay se tao cd hgi nhieu hdn cho nha thau noi khi nang Itfc tai chinh ed han, ma nang Itfc ky thudt doi khi cd thffa. Nd'u ctf mdi thiu cdc dff an EPC, thi cdc nha thiu Viet Nam khdng cd ed hdi thtfe hidn, khdng the hpc hdi va Idn manh dtfde. Nd'u nha thiu Vidt Nam thifc hien, gia cd the ra't re, bdi vi nhilu thiet bi cua Viet Nam tif san xua't, gia chi bang mdt ntfa thid't bi cung loai san xudt d nffdc ngoai. Va, khi dtfdc thtfe hien nhilu, rM thau Viet Nam mdi cd cd hdi cp xdt de ldn manh vd se nhdn dtfdc cae dtf dn thau EPC ldn trong ttfdng lai.
- Ban than cde nhd thiu ndi mudn gianh lai ldi thd' tidn sdn nhd, thi phai c^
gang, nd Itfc vd nghidm khac vdi chinh minh, phai ttf xay dtfng chie'n Iffdc va muc tieu cho minh. Ngay ttf nhffng cong tnnh nhd phai cd phtfdng dn td chi?c, quan ly dff an tot, tao dtfdc ttf duy lam vide khoa hpc dd din hinh thanh cdc to chat cln cd cua nha thiu.
Nhtfng, dieu quan trpng nha't vin la ye'u to' con ngtfdi, nhtf: chu diu tff, bp mdy quan ly dtf an... Ne'u lam diing cac quy dinh se gidi quyd't triet dd nhffng ton tai trong cdng tdc dd'u thIu.Q
TAI LIEU THAMKHAO __
1. Qudc hpi (2013). Lugt Ddu thau 2013, sd43/2013/QH13, ban hdnh ngdy 26/11/2013 2. Chinh phu (2014). Nghi dinh sd63/2013/NB-CP, ngdy 26/6/2014 quy dinh chi tiet thi hdnh m$t sd dieu cua Ludt Ddu thdu ve lUa chgn nhd thdu
3. Nguydn Van Thu (2014). Da dgng hoa nguon cung mdy moc thie't bi vd ccf hgi cua nganh cO khi, Ky yd'u Hoi thao Ttf chu kinh te' trong mdt the' gidi phu thudc lln nhau, ngdy 3/7/2014, Hd N6i
4. Ld Van (2014). Td su cd cua EVN vd bdi hgc cdnh tinh viec le thugc nhd thau Trung Quoc.
truy cap tff http://kinhtevadubao.com.vn/dien-dan-kinh-te/tu-su-eo-cua-evn-va-bai-hoc-canh-tinh- viec-le-thuoc-nha-thau-trung-quoc-238d.html
5. Trin Quye't, Van Chtfdng (2014). Nghi ngai du dn nhiet dien do nhd thdu Trung Qudc thitc hien, truy cap ttf http://www.doisongphapluat.com/su-kien/246/nghi-ngai-du-an-nhiet-dien-do- nha-thaU'tq-thuc-hien.html
6. Thiiy Hiln (2014). Ndng cao hieu qua vd tinh minh bgch trong hoat d^ng ddu thdu, tniy cap tff hitp7/www.vietnamplus.vn/nang-eao-hieu-qua-va-tinh-minh-bach-trong-hoat-dong-dw- thau/272394.vnp