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TAP CHi KHOA HOC TRLTONG DAI HOC MOTP.HCM - SO 6 (39) 2014 87
NHAN GIONG IN VITRO CAY THANH LONG RUOT DO
Ngaynhanbai: 16/7/2014 f<l'^S^^ ^ ? « 5 ^^" Tung' Ngay nhan lai: 10/08/2014 Nguyin Tran Bong Phirffttg- Ngay duyet dang: 09/09/2014
TOM TAT
Trong nghien ciru ndy, chung tdi tim ra mdi truang thich hgp de hodn thien quy trinh nhdn giong cdy Thanh long rugt dd Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose. Hgt dugc khir triing bdngjavel 10% trong 10 phut. Cum chdi dugc tgo thdnh tir cdy con cao I cm tren moi tru&ng MS + BA 1,5 mg/l vd lir dogn thdn 1cm tren mdi tru&ng MS - BA I mg/l Id tdt nhdt. Re hinh thdnh tdt nhdt tren moi tru&ng MS +0,5 mg/l Chdt trdng de uom cdy gdm 10% tro trdu, 85% cdt vd 5% phdn bd it hoai.
Tie khda: Thanh long rudi dd. nudi cdy in vitro, chdt diiu hda sinh tru&ng thuc vdt.
ABSTRACT
In this study, we found out suitable mediums to improve the process of in vitro propagation of Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose. A maximum number of in vitro shoots from I cm high seedlings were obtained in the basal MS supplemented with BA 1,5 mg/l and many shoots were formed from trunk segments cultured on basal MS medium supplemented with BA 1 mg/l. Formation of roots on MS + 0.5 mg/l were the best. Seedlings grow well on growing mediums including 10% ash and husk: 85% sand and 5% composted cow manure.
Keywords: Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose, in vitro culture, plant givwlh regulators.
I . M d d a u homocysteine (ddng phan ciia acid amine Thanh long rudi dd la loai cay an qua cd ^y^^^'"^) *^«"S ca thg cua chung ta'^l.
gia tri xuSt khSu, hieu qua kinh tk cao va dang 2. Phuwng p h a p nghien cu-u cd nhu cau rat Idn trong va ngoai nudc. Thanh n * -i-t. u i - ^^ , ~ .• , J , - J . * j . i . T i^: i ; ; Hat Ihanh long ruot do huu tmh duoc long ruot do duoc dung lam thuc pham. thuoc, ^\.- .^^ ' i.~ J J- L • i i^n/ .^ \n
_ . ^' , . • , , ,.'. , , " - , i _ khu trung bang dung dich lavel 10% trong 10 my pham vi co chua nhieu khoang chat, nang j= o a . j , t>
lupng, vitamin va mdt sd hpp cbSt cd boat tinh phiit. Mau sau khi khu trimg dupc cay vao moi IUU lit:, viioiiiiii va iiiui »\j i i u u ^iiai c u iiuaL itiiii < i i n * - - • • ' ^ • *
. ' , . HI II L^. I - ^ 1 1 truong Ma de lao cay m vitro Iam nguon sinh hoc' '. Hoat chat lycopene trong Thanh . ,.„ . ; ^, , . . , ^.x ,, uf , - . . * - . , , - - ix , nguyen heu cho cac thi nghiem tiep t h e o ' ' . long rupl do co kha nang chong ung thu, = -^ • o- - r chdng Iao boa, di^u tri cac benh v^ m5t, vo 2.1. Thi nghiim kitdo sdt anh hu&ng sinh nam, viem va loang xuong, quan ly benh cua ndng dp BA lin sir tgo cum chdi tu cdy tieu dudng va bao ve gan. Giam nong dp Thanh long con v&i cdc kich thu&c khdc homocysteine va cholesterol, ngan ngira benh nhau
tim mach vanh. Lam tang he th6ng miln dich, Tiln hanh chuvfe cay Thanh long ruot giup tieu hoa va tuan hoan mau. Giiip kiem j ^ ,j,„ ((,5. , Q. , 5 ^ „ ) ,•„ „ , , „ ,>„ ,„<„ ^ ^ soat cac ap lire tml, than va vo hieu hoa cac ^ g , ^ ^ ^ S bd sung BA (0.5 - 3 mgfl).
chat doc trong co the' '. Betacyanin la hgp chat
tu nhien lam giam dang ki n6ng do ^••'- ^ ' " ' ngMfi" I'l''" *'*' " " * hiring ' Tnicng Dai hoc Mo TP.HCM
' Ths. Tnjong D^i h9c Mo TP.HCM. Email: [email protected]
CONG HGHt
cda nong do BA ten su tgo cum c/iSi tu dogn than cdy Thanh long con vd triing
Tien hanh tach cac chdi Thanh long vd tf^ing til cac cum chdi d thi nghiem 2. Sau dd cat ehoi thanh cac doan khoang 1 cm va chuyen chiing vao chai chiia moi trudng MS bd sung BA (0.5 - 3 mg/l).
2.3. Till nghiim khdo sdt dnh Iiudng cua NAA lin str tgo ri in vitro cdy Thanh long rugt do
Tien hanh tach cac chdi Thanh long cd kich tbudc 1,5- 2 cm vd tning tir cum chdi d thi nghiem 2, sau dd chuyen chiing vao chai chiia mdi tnrdng MS bo sung NAA (0.5 - 3 mg/l).
2.4. Thi nghiim khdo sdt dnh hudng cua cdc ty li chat trdng din su sinh trudng cua cdy Thanh long ruot dd nuoi cay mo
Tien hanh phoi trdn chat trdng tbeo cac ly le cat, phan bd hoai va tro triu khac nhau rdi chuyen vao chau tr6ng. Sau dd, trfing cac cay con in vitro cao 2 - 3cm va tbeo ddi.
2.5. Xuly sd lieu
Mdi thi nghiem duac lap lai 3 ]hn. Kkt qua thi nghiem dupc luu trir va xii ly thdng ke bang phan m6m Microsoft Statgraphics Plus 3.0.
Excel va
3 . Ket qua nghien cihi
3.1. Anh hu&ng cua ndng do BA len su tgo cum chdi tu cdy Thanh long con v&i cdc kich thu&c khdc nhau
Bang 1. Anh hirdng ciia nong d9 BA len su- tao cum chdi tu- cay Thanh long con 6- cac kich thude khac nhau in vitro
Kich thuoc mau (cm) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0,5 0,5 0.5 0,5 1,0 1.0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1,5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Nong do BA (mg/l) 0,0 0,5 1.0 1,5 2.0 2,5 3.0 0.0 0.5 1 0 1.5 2.0 2,5 3,0 0.0 0,5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
So ehoi 1.33"
1,67"
3,00'"
4,33'' 3,67'-«
3 . 3 3 ' "
0.33' l.OO"' 1.33'' 3.33""
5,33"
3.67"°' 2,67*' 0,67"
1,00""
2,33"
2,67"
4.00"' 3.33"^"
3,67"°' 0.33'
Cac chO cdi theo sau sd Irung bmh bieu hien sir khdc biel coy nghia thdng ke d mirc P<0,05
TAP CHi KHOA HOC TRLTONG DAI HOC MO TP.HCM - S6 6 (39) 2014 89
0 nghiem thuc MS b3 sung 1,5 mg/l BA, miu cao 1 cm cho tj le tai sinh ehoi cao nhit dat 5.33 ch6i/mau, mau hinh thanh co kich thuoc Ion va co mau xanh dam (Bang 1).
Tuy nhien, o cac nghiem thuc c6 bo sung 3,0 mg/l BA thi mau chi hinh thanh cac the ehoi nho ma khong phat trien thanh ehoi (Hinh 1).
Hinh I. M3u tren moi truorng MS (A): 0^ cm; (B): 1 cm; (C): 1,5 cm.
Mau tren moi tru-ong MS b6 sung 3,0 mg/l BA: (D): 0,5 cm; (E): 1,0 cm; (F): 1,5 cm
90 CONG NGHE
3.2. Thi nghiem khdo sdt dnh hu&ng cua nong do BA len su tgo cum chdi tie dogn thdn coy Thanh long con vd triing
Bang 2. Anh hirdng cua nong do BA len sur tao cum ehoi tff doan thSn (1 cm) cay Thanh long in vitro
Nong do BA (mg/I)
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0
So Choi
2.33"
6,0"' 8 3 "
7.33""
6,0"*
4,67' 1,67'
Cdc chir cdi theo sau sd tnmg binh bieu hiin j y khdc biet cd y nghia thong Ice & mdc P<0,05
Hinh 2. (A): D6i chu-ng; (B): 1,0 mg/l BA; (C): 3,0 mg/l BA
YM qua thi nghiem cho thSy mdi trudng moi trudng bo sung 3 mg/I thi mau cbi hinh MS cd bd sung BA 1 mg/l cd ty le tai sinh chdi thanh cac thi ehoi nho chii khdng phat trien cao nhat dat 8,33 chdi/ mau (Bang 2). Tren thanh chdi (Hinh 2).
TAP CHl KHOA HOC TRLIONG DAI HOC MOTP.HCM -SO 6 (39) 2014 91
J J. Thi'ttgbiim khao sat anb bimng cua NAA len su-tao rein vitro cay Thanh long ruot do Bang 3. Anh hirtfng nong do NAA len sir tao re tir ehoi Thanh long in vitro
N6Hg 39 NAA (mg/l)
0.0 0,5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2,5 3,0
S6 lucmg re 3,56' 10,67"
8,44"
8,21' 6,33' 5,67' 5,56'
Chieu dai re 2,56"
r,85"
1.04'
i.ir
0.57' 0,53' 0,52'
Cdc elm cdi theo sau sd trung binh bieu hien sir khdc biit cd y nghia tbong ki & mdc P<0,05
Sau 50 ngay nuoi cay, nghiem thtic MS bo sung 0,5 mg/l NAA cho re sinh trudng tot nhat vdi 10,67 re/chdi va chieu dai trung binh la 1,85 cm (Bang 3, Hinh 3). Theo Biii Trang Viet, ndng dp auxin cao kich thich sy hinb
thanh so khdi re, done tbdi can su tang trudng cua cac so khdi nay '^'^l Dieu nay cho th^y d nghiem thiic bd sung 2,5 mg/l NAA; 3,0 mg/l NAA re duac hinb thanh nhieu nhung su keo dai rl yeu.
Hinh 3(A). Doi ehirng; (B): 0,5 mg/l NAA; (C): 3,0 mg/l NAA
'_—•
a.
i"
'iiiii
•
— — - ^ ^ ™ - • ' -
i
rsr
IT
— —
i "
F-
— I
3.4. Thi nghiim khdo sdt dnh huang Ket qua uom cay Thanh long tren cac cda cdc ty li chat trong din su sinh tru&ng mdi trudng khac nhau sau 5 tuan cho thay su cua cdy Thanh long rugt dd (2 - 3cm) nudi sinh trudng cua cay phu tbudc vao thanh phan cdy mo va ty Ie cua chat trdng.
92 CONG NGHE
Bang 4. Khoang tang trirong ciia cay Thanh long nuoi cSy mo (2 -3 cm) tren cac ty le chat trong khac nhau sau 5 tu3n
Nghiem thiic
A B C D E
Khoang tang tnrong 3 tuan
1,37"
1,77"
1.43"
1.1' 0.57'
5 tuan 4.07"
5 , 3 r 3,60"
3,30"
1,53'
Cdc chir cdi iheo sau sd trung binh bieu bien sir kliac biet cd y nghia thdng ke d mirc P<0.05
Hinh 4. Cay trong tren gia thi: (A): 10% tro triu; 90% cat; 0% phan bo hoai (B): 10% tro trau; 85% cat; 5% phan bo hoai
(C): 10% tro trSu; 70% cat; 20% phan bd hoai
K6t qua tbu dupc cho thiy d nghiem thuc chat trdng gdm : 10% tro trdu; 85% cat;
5% phan bd hoai tbi toe dp sinh trudng tot nhat. Khoang tang trudng da dat 5.37 cm sau 5 tuSn uom, cay map va xanli dam (Bang 4). Ci nghiem thiic NT5. cay cham phat tri^n, 6m va cd hien tugng bi lia van^ phdn ngpn (Hinh 4).
Di^u nay cd the cho thay rSng ndng dp 20%
phan bd hoai la qua cao ddi vdi cay Thanh Ions nudi cay md.
5. Ket luan
Cay con kich thude 1 cm co kha nang tao cum chdi tdt tren mdi trudng MS cd bo sung 1.5 mg/I BA. Tren mdi trudng MS cd bd sung I mg/l BA, mau doan than tao cum chdi tdt nhat.
Khi cay tren mdi trudng MS co bd sung 0,5 mg/I NAA thi ehoi Thanh long hinh thanh re tdt nhdt. Cay Thanh long nudi cay md sinh trudng tdt tren chat trong vdi 10% tro tr4u, 85% cat va 5% phan bd u hoai.
TAP CHf KHOA HOC TRL/ONG OAI HOC MO TP.HCM - SO 6 (39) 2014 93
TAI U E U THAM KHAO
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khoa hoc vd cdng nghe tinh Hdi Duang.
Kalai Selvan V., Vijayakumar A., Suresh Kumar K.. Gyanedra Nath S. (2011).
"Lycopene's effects on health and diseases". Natural Medicine Journal (JSS^ 2157- 6769).
Mohd M. (2010). "Diversity of Fusarium semiteclum (Berkeley and Ravenel) associated with Red-fleshed Dragon fruit {Hylocereus polyzhius [Weber] Britton and Rose) in Malaysia". Universiti sains Malaysia.
Kari R., Lukman L. A., Zainuddin R. & Ja'afar H. (2012). '"Short Communication, Basal Media for In Vitro Germination of Red-Purple Dragon Fruit Hylocereus polyrhizus"
Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Universiti Darul Iman Malaysia.
Biii Trang Viet (2000). Sinh ly thuc vgt dgi cuang, Phan II: Phat trien. Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Quoc gia Thanh pho Hd Chi Minh.
Duong Cdng Kien (2002). Nudi cdy md thuc vat tap 1. NXB Dai hoc Quoc gia TP. Hd Chi Minh.
