Ijivctiln - Kinh nghiem
Tpp chf C^ng s d nTINH BA RjA - YUNG TAU CHU TRONG
KHAI THAC TIEM NANG, LOI THE DE PHAT TRIEN KINH T i NHANH YA BEN YUNG
NGUYEN HONG LEVH*
Bd Rfa - Vdng Tdu Id tinh cd vi tri dgc biit, "cua ngd" hudng ra thi gidi bdng Mrdng bien cua vung kinh ti trgng Mim phia Nam, cd biin, cd rung, song, nui, ddo, thdi tiit dn hba, mdt me, cd he thdng giao thdng kit ndi tdt vdi cac ^phuang trong cd nirdc. Bd chinh Id ngudn luc diBd Ria - Vdng Tdu hiin thifc hda muc tiiu trd thdnh tinh mgnh vi kinh ti biin trong thdi gian tdi
NhiSu loi the va tilm nang
Tinh Bd Ria - Viing Tdu ed vi tri dja ly hdt siie ddc bift, la "cira ngd" hudng ra thd gidi bdng dudng bidn eua vimg kinh td frgng didm phia Nam, quanh nam ndng im, thdi tidt rit thudn lgi, hdi tu nhidu tidm ndng dd phdt tridn nhanh vd toan difn ede nganh kiiih td bidn, nhu cdng nghifp khai thdc yd ehd bidn diu khi, difn, phdn dgm, phdt tridn cdng nghidp, eang nude sdu vd dieh vy hdu ein sau cdng, du Ijeh, khai thac vd ehd bidn hdi sdn.
Vung bidn thdm lyc dja Bd Ria - Viing Tdu ed trii lugng ddu md udc tinh ban 1,5 ty tin, khi ddt khodng 1.000 ty met khdi, vi the tinh da sdm frd thdnh trung tdm cdng nghifp ddu khi ciia Vift Nam, ddng thdi la trung tdm eiia cdc nganh sii dung khi, nhu san xuit difn, khi hda long, phdn dgm, thep vd vdt lifu xdy dung.
Hifn nay, todn tinh ed 8 nhd mdy difn, tdng edng sudt ban 4.000MW, ehidm khodng 18%) sdn lugng difn qude gia. Tmh ciing da phdt tiien 15 khu cdng nghifp vdi tdng didii tieh 8.510ha, sin sdng ddn nhdn cdc nha diu tu thti cip; frong dd, Khu cdng nghidp Phii My 3 duge Chinh phii lya chgn lam Khu cdng nghidp hd frg hifn da ea bdn hoan thidn vd
kdt edu ha tdng va dang tich cyc thu hiit cdc nhd ddu tu thii edp. Mdt sy kifn ndi bat nCra la, dy kidn frong thdi gian tdi, dy dn Td hgp hda ddu midn Nam - dy aii frgng didm quoc gia duge khdi edng vdi nhidu ky vgng sau khi hodn thdnh se tao siie lan tda manh me frong vifc thu hiit edc ngdnh cdng nghifp ha ngudn ciia hda diu, tao siie bat eho phdt tridn kinh te ciia tinh.
Vd cdng bidn, tinh cd Igi the, tidm ndng rdt ldn. Ddy chinh la ITiih vyc duge xdc djnh se tgo ra ngudn lyc thay thd ddn cho ddu khi frong thdi gian tdi. Tinh cd 57 cdng bidn duge quy hogch vdi 26km bdn cang, cdng sudt 270 trifu tin/ndm; hidn nay, da cd 31/57 dy an cdng bidn di vdo hoat ddng vdi tdng cdng sudt khodng 121 trieu tdn/nam, sdn lugng hang hda thdng qua cang tdng lidn tyc qua cdc ndm, cy thd Id nam 2016 dgt 57 trifu tdn, tdng 19% so vdi nam trade (ridng hang contamer Id 2 trifu TEU, tang 50%). Trong dd, hf thdng edng bidn nude sdu trang chuydn qude td Cdi Mep - Thj Vai duge ddu tu hidn dai, cd thd tidp nhdn
* tjy vien Trang uong Dang, Bi thu Tinh iiy, Chu tich Hoi dong nhan dan tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau
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Thtic tien - Kinh n g h i e m Tpp chf C^ng s d n
tau cd frgng tai ddn_200.000 DWT di thang ddn cac nude chau Au, chau My; dae bidt la vao ngay 20-2-2017 vira qua, cang CMIT eiia tinh da ddn tau Margrethe Maersk ed frgng tai 18.300 TEUs, la ddng container ldn nhit thd gidi hidn nay va day eiing lan dau tidn ddng tau nay cap cang tai Viet Nam. Sy kidn nay da danh diu bude phat tridn ddc bidt quan frgng, khing djnh tinh diing dan eiia vide quy hoaeh, diu til eho he thong eang nude sau Cai Mep - Thj Vai.
Vd du ljch, Ba Rja Vung Tau eiing ed rat nhidu tidm nang vdi bd bidn dai 200km, trong do cd 100km bai tam dep ed thd tam bidn quanh nam, he sinh thai da dang, cd nui, bidn, rimg, sdng, hd, dao, thdi tidt dn hda, mat me va nhidu di tieh ljch sir. Tinh cd 255 ca sd luu frii da duge tham djnh xdp hang vdi 9.265 phdng, trong do ed 04 khaeh san 5 sao vdi 1.463 phdng, 15 khach san 4 sao vdi 1.807 phdng, 20 khach san 3 sao vdi 1.395 phdng, 45 khaeh san 2 sao vdi 2.066 phdng, 73 khach san 1 sao vdi 1.811 phdng, 03 can hd, bidt thy cao cap vdi 95 phdng va 96 nha nghi dat chuan vdi 1.287 phong; hang nam, tinh ddn va phuc vu 14 trieu lugt khaeh du ljch, trong dd ed khoang 2 - 3 trieu lugt khaeh luu tni.
Hidn nay, trdn dja ban tinh cd ban 170 doanh nghidp san xuat va ehd bidn thiiy san, trong do CO 54 eo sd ehe bien xuat khau vdi tdng cdng suat 150.000 tan thanh pham/nam, hiu het eae ea sd chd bien xuat khau ddu dii dieu kidn xuat khau vao thj tmdng chau Au, My, Nga, Nhat Ban... The nhtmg, trong bdi canh thdi gian qua nguon lgi thuy, hai san giam manh, gia nhidn lieu dau vao lai tang, lam han ehd dang kd tinh canh tranh eiia eae san pham thiiy, hai san Ba Rja - Vung Tau tren thj tmdng. Dd khde phue tinh frang nay, cac don vj trong nganh da ehii dgng tiet kiem ehi phi san xuit, nang eao ehit lugng san pham, tranh tinh trang lam an khdng lanh manh, ndn thj trudng xuit khau thiiy san eua Ba Rja - Vung Tau ngay cang duge md rgng va hien da cd mat tai hon 50 qude gia va vung lanh thd, gdp phan giai quydt vide lam va thu nhap dn djnh eho hang van lao dgng.
Tu nhung tidm ndng, lgi thd trdn, ciing vdi sy nd lyc cua edc cip iiy dang, ehinh quydn, nhdn dan va edng ddng doanh nghidp cua tinh, qua 25 ndm xdy dyng vd phdt tridn, Ba Rja - Vung Tau ludn la dja phuang phat tiidn, nang ddng cua viing Ddng Nam Bd va vimg kinh td frgng didm phia Nam, ludn kidn tri myc tidu phat tridn bdn virng, thu hut dau tu cd chgn Ige, tang cudng cdi each boat ddng quan ly nha nude dd hd trg doanh nghidp va da tao ndn nhiing budc phdt fridn dang ty hao; tdc do phat tridn kinh td nam 2016 dgt 5,6%), dong gdp 10%) vao GDP cua ca nude, thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi dat 11.582 USD, thu ngdn sach dat 61.753 ty ddng. Ddn nay, trdn dja ban tinh CO 297 dy an dau tu nude ngoai vdi tdng vdn dau tu dang ky trdn 27 ty USD va 442 dy an dau tu trong nude vdi tdng vdn ddu tu dang ky trdn 240 ngan ty ddng. Cac dy an dau tu true tidp nude ngoai tai tinh ddn tir 27 qude gia va viing laiih thd, nhu My, Nhat Ban, Ca-na-da, Han Quoc, Thai Lan, Ha Lan, Xin-ga-po, Anh, Phap, 1-ta-li-a,... Trong dd ed mgt sd tap doan kinh td xuydn qude gia ciing da boat dgng dau tu va ddng hanh eiing vdi sy phdt tridn eiia tinh trong nhirng nam qua, nhu Kyoei, Nippon, Sumitomo, Itoehu, Mitsubishi, Posco, ACDL, CJ, Lotte, BP,...
Nhieu "diem nghen" dang can dirgrc khoi thong
Thyc tidn nhirng nam qua da chimg minh rang, kinh td eua Ba Rja Viing Tau phat tridn dimg hudng, dang ehu y la he thong eang bidn duge dau tir manh me, thu hiit duge nhidu du an chat lugng eao. Tuy nhidn, so vdi ydu eau frong xu thd hdi nhap cho thay, phat tridn eang bien, djch vu hau can eang, du ljch cua tinh chua tuang xiing vdi tidm nang, the manh. Ndi rd la, hidu qua hoat ddng ctia cum cang Cai Mep - Thi Vai van chua tuong ximg vdi quy md da dau tu, gay ra lang phi ldn va duong nhien se trift tieu lgi the so sanh eua qude gia. Han chd nay, xuat phat tir nhidu nguyen nhan khae nhau, nhung cu thd la do he thdng ha ting giao thdng ket noi vdi he thdng
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I ^ V c ^ i n - Kinh nghiem
Tap chi Cdng s d n edng chua hoan tiufn, thidu ngtidn hang, djchvu hdu cin cang chua phat fridn, phi. If phi ra vao cang edn cao; ca chd, chmh sdch cho phat tridn cang vd djch vu hdu ciu cdng chua day du, ddng bd; thidu ca chd lidn kdt viing dd mang lai lgi ieh kmh td cho qude gia.
Bdn eanh dd, tihidu tidm ndng, lgi thd ciia tmh chua duge phdt huy tdt, siic cgnh franh cua eae nganh kinh td frdn dja ban chua cao;
cdng nghidp hd frg cham phat tridn; nganh du lich tuy ed nhidu nd lye nhung so vdi tidm lye van cdn ban ehd; kdt cau ha tang ciia tinh mdt sd mat chua dap iing tdt cho ydu cau phat tridn;
mdt sd dy an eham tridn khai nhtmg chua duge thu hdi; cdng tae quan Iy mdi tmdng cdn ban chd; eai each hanh chinh, eai thidn mdi tmdng dau tu hiy ed nhidu cd gang nhtmg cdn nhidu mat chua dat ydu cau.
De phat huy vai tro nganh kinh te chu dao
Vdi vide sd hiiu tidm nang, lgi thd da dang va nhung thanh hiu dat duge trong thdi gian qua, Ba Rja Viing Tau xae djnh cd dii dieu kidn, tidn dd dd phat trien nhanh va ben virng frong 10 nam tdi dya fren 5 miii nhgn kinh te la: cdng nghiep, cang bidn, djch vu hau can cang, du ljch va ndng nghiep img dung cdng nghd eao. Dd thyc hidn mue tidu nay, tinh da dd ra cac giai phap ca ban sau:
Thie nhdt, ddi vdi cdng nghidp, tinh tiep tue tao dieu kidn thuan lgi dd thu hiit, phat trien cac dy an cdng nghidp sir dung edng nghe hien dai, san pham eo gia trj gia tang eao, tieu ton it nang lugng, than thien vdi mdi tmong, cd sire canh tranh va lan tda. Tiep tue ra soat, didu chinh quy hoaeh eae khu, cum edng nghiep mgt each hgp ly theo hudng khong gian phat tridn cac khu, eum edng nghiep phai phii hgp vdi kha nang chju tai eiia mdi tmdng, tiet kiem duge quy dat, bao dam mue tieu phat trien ben viing. Thiie day tien do dau tu ket eau ha tang, tang ty le lap day cae khu, cum cdng nghidp gin vdi \ iec chgn Ige dy an khi thu hut dau hi. Dae biet tinh se tieh eye hd trg eho ehii diu tu du an To hop hda dau mien Nam tnen khai
xay dyng, sdm hoan thanh, dua dy an vao boat ddng, tao sire lan tda, thu hiit cae nganh cdng nghidp ha ngudn sau hda dau; hd trg ehii dau tu ha tdng Khu cdng nghidp Phii My 3 va Khu cdng nghidp Da Bae trong vide kdu ggi, thu hiit ddu hi cac dy an edng nghidp hd frg, nhdt la cac doanh nghidp Nhat Ban.
Thie hai, ddi vdi phat tridn eang bidn va djch vy hdu can eang, hidn nay eang Cai Mep - Thj Vai duge xae djnh la eang tmng chuydn qude td, do do vide ddu tu phat tridn cum cang nay phai dat frong mdi quan he canh tranh vdi cang tmng ehuyen ciia eae nude va vimg lanh thd frong khu vuc, nhu Xin-ga-po, Hdng Kdng,... Trdn ea sd do, frong thdi gian tdi tinh se quydt liet tridn khai ddng bd cac giai phap dd thuc day boat ddng cua he thdng cang nay, do la:
Huy dgng cac ngudn lyc At dau tu he thong giao thdng kdt ndi vdi cum cang Cai Mep - Thi Vai, trong do tinh se sdm hoan thanh dudng lidn cang, ducmg Phude Hda - Cai Mep, khdi edng dudng 991B, trien khai dau tu eau Phude An theo hinh thirc BOT; tidp tuc kidn nghj vdi Tmng uong dau tu dudng eao tdc Bien Hda - Viing Tau (trudc mat la doan Bien Hda - Phu My) va dudng sat kdt noi eang Cai Mep - Thj Vai vdi dudng sat Thong Nhat va eae khu eong nghidp trong viing.
Quy hoach, dau tu phat trien dieh vu hau can eang; vira qua tinh da td ehire thi tuydn quoc te de lua chgn don vj tu van lap Quy hoach chi tiet 1/2.000 Tmng tam logistics Cai Mep Ha, trong nam 2017 tinh se thye hien vide lap quy hoaeh sau dd keu ggi dau tu; ddng thdi, trong khi ehd Trung tam logistics Cai Mep Ha di vao hoat dong, tinh cQng da xae dinh mdt so didn tieh dat trong eae khu edng nghidp de keu goi doanh nghiep dau Ur djch vu logistics phuc vu eho he thdng eang Cai Mep - Thj Vai.
Thiie day phat trien giao thdng thuy ngi dja, trong thdi gian tdi tinh se ra soat quy hoaeh va keu ggi dau tu eae dy an cang thuy ngi dja nham dap irng nhu cau van chuyen hang hda eua eae cang. Tiep lue phdi hgp vdi Bd Giao thong Van tai de thye hien vide chinh trj ddng
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