N H A N U O C V A T H A P L U A I
NHDNG OUY DINH MDI vi VAN BAN OUY PHAM PHAP lUAT
C D A B D TRUDNG, THD TRDDNG CO OUAN NGANG BO
Dritfng Htfng Thi ^^ P^*
•ThS. Gi^ng vien Khoa Luat Hanh chinh - N h i nUdc, TrUdng Dai hoc LuMTP. Ho Chi Minh.
Thdng (in bai \iet:
Tir khod: Van ban quy ph^m phap lu^t, bQ truong, thu trudng CO quan ngang bp Lich str hdi viet:
Nh?nbai: 1612/2016 Bien tgp: 13/012017 Duy?tbai: 20 01 2017
Tom t i t :
Bai Viet binh iu^n v^ nhirng quy djrJi moi cua Lu^t Ban hanh van ban quy ph?m phap lu^t n3m 2015 {co hi?u lire tir ngay 01 /7/2016) ddi vcri v&n ban quy ph^m phap lu^t cua Bp trucmg, Thii truong c o quan ngang bp ve hinh thirc. npi dung, trinh ur, thu tyc ban hinh. cflng nhu v^ hi?u lyc va nguyen tac ap d\ing.
\rlick' Infomation;
Keywords.
Legal Documents.
Ministers, Heads Ministry-level Agencies
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Article History- Received: 16 Dec 2016 Edited: 13 Jan. 2017 Approved: 20 Jan. 2017
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This article provides comments on the new provisions of forms, contents, procedures, effectiveness as well as validity and rules for application of legal documents ofthe Ministers and Heads of ministry-level agencies in the Law on Promulgation of Legal Documents of 2015 {coming into force from JulyOl.2016)
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g trucmg, Thu truong eo quan ngang bg la thdnh \ien Chinh phu va Id nguoi dimg dau bg, eo quan ngang bg, lanh dgo c6ng tdc ciia bg, co quan ngang bg'. Vai vj tri do, Bg trucmg. Thii truang co quan ngang bg co quyen "ban hdnh van bdn quy phgm phdp ludt (QPPL) theo thdm quy^n'"- - c6ng cy phdp ly quan trgng vdkhong the thieu de cdc chii the ndy thyc hi?n chiic nang, nhi?m vy qudn ly nhd nuoc doi vai ngdnh, lmh vyc dugc phan c6ng trong phgm VI toan quoc. Theo quy djnh cua Lugt Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2015, Eg truang, Thii trucmg ca quan ngang bg c6 quySn ban hdnh vdn ban QPPL vai ten ggi la Thong tu (Khodn 8, Di§u 4).
Dieu 32 Lu^t To chiic Chinh phii nSm 2015.
Khoan 4. Dieu 34 Lu|l T6 chik Chinh phii nSm 2015.
1 L A P P H A P ^ S 6 06(334) T3/2017
Trong he thong phdp lugt nuac ta, s6 lugng vdn bdn QPPL do cac Bg tnrong, Thii truong ea quan ngang bg ban hdnh rat Ion' nen sy tdc dgng cua chung d6i voi cdc lmh vyc cua xa hgi la *'kh6ng he nh6". \'an de dang quan tam Id so lugng dy co lam gia tdng chl phi tuan thu phdp lugt, kim ham sy phdt trien ciia nen kmh te ihi truang, cua tu do, ddn chu hay kh6ng? Theo Bao cao nang lyc cgnh tranh todn cdu 2015 - 2016 ciia Dien ddn Kinh te the gioi, trong so 140 quoc gia tham gia bang xep hgng ve nang lyc canh tranh toan cau thi \'i?t Nam xep thir 90 ve gdnh ndng chi phi ludn thu quy dinh ciia phdp ludt cua nhd nir&c {burden of govern- ment regulation)*. Vi vay, can phdi tiep tuc cdi tien hem niia hogt dgng ban hanh van ban QPPL n6i chung, trong d6 co van ban ciia Bg trudng, Thu truang ca quan ngang bg.
Vai tu duy d6i mai dugc the hi?n qua nhieu quy dinh tien bg, Ludt Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2015 Id co sa cho hogt dgng ban hdnh van bdn QPPL c6 chat lugng trong then gian tai.
I. Diem moi vC ten loai van ban quy pham phdp luat ciia Bg tru-omg, (hu t r u o n g CO quan ngang bg trong Luat Ban hanh vdn ban quy pham phdp luat nam 2015
Theo xu huong dan gidn hoa h? th6ng
\an ban QPPL 6 nuac ta, mgt so hinh thirc van ban kh6ng con Id van bdn QPPL, trong do CO hinh thiic th6ng tu lien tjch giira Bg truang, Thu truang co quan ngang bg. Theo do. cdc chu the ndy chi co quyen ban hanh van bdn QPPL vai ten ggi Id th6ng tu.
Quy djnh mai nay tuy gay kho khan khong nho khi tgo them dp lyc cho Chinh phil, Thu tuong yong vi?c ban hdnh vdn ban QPPL doi voi nhung truang hgp md truac
NHA NlTdC VA PHAP LUAT da> la thugc tham quyen "lien tieh" ciia Bg truomg. Thu truang co quan ngang bg \ ai nhau, nhung "tu duy" mai ndy ddp iing yeu cdu ve tang cuixng tinh chiu trdch nhiem, tinh chu dgng. tinh phdn dinh rach r6i ve mat thdm quyen trong hoat dgng ban hdnh van ban QPPL. Truac da\. khi ngi dung can dieu chinh c6 lien quan den nhieu nganh.
nhieu linh vyc thugc thdm quyen qudn ly ciia nhieu bg - tir hai bg tra len (con ggi Id sy giao thoa ve thdm quyen) thi Bg truang, Thii truang c a quan ngang bg co the "ngoi"
!ai vcri nhau de ph6i hgp ban hdnh van bdn ducri hinh thiic th6ng tu lien tich neu Chinh phii. Thil tuang Chinh phii khong co van ban dieu chinh ve \an de d6. Nliung mgt s6 van de bdt cap da ndy sinh nhu sy phdn dmh trdch nhi?m cua ca quan qudn ly chua rgch r6i, ea che "ph6i hgp" chua the hi?n dugc sy chu dgng... khi ban hdnh loai van bdn mang tinh chat lien tich nay.
Trong khi do, theo diing tinh than quy djnh trong Hien phdp nam 2013 va dugc cy the hoa trong Ludt T6 chirc Chinh phii nam 2015. \ e khia cgnh tham quyen, Bg trucmg, Thii truong co quan ngang bg chi co quyen
"ban hdnh van bdn QPPL theo tham quyen de thyc hi?n chirc nang, nhi^m vy qudn ly nhd nuoc doi vcri ngdnh, lmh vyc dugc phdn c6ng" (khodn 4 Dieu 34). Nhu vgy, Bg truang, Thu trucmg co quan ngang bg khi ban hanh van bdn QPPL kh6ng the "lan san"
sang lmh vyc quan ly ciia Bg truong, Thu truang e a quan ngang bg khac, d6ng thai vai nguyen tac t6 chirc vd hogt dgng ciia Chinh phil Id "Phan dinh ro nhiem vy, quyen han, trdch nhi?m giiia Chinh phii, Thu tuang Chinh phil vai Bg truang, Thii truang co quan ngang bg va chirc nang, phgm vi quan ly gitra cdc bg, co quan ngang bg..."* thi
Xcm »6 li^u thong ke a phdn bieu do
Xcm: The Cilobal CompellUvcness Index in detail. http*<' iti\cncss_Report_^20I5-20I6pdf. p 367.
Dicu 5 Lu^i To chuc Chinh phu nam 2015.
weforum org docs-gcr 2015-20l6'Global_Compct-
, N O H I l N CUU 1 C So 06(334) T3/2017V L A P P H A P ' "
ning Bg truang, Thu truang c a quan ngang bg chi chiu trdch nhiem doi voi ngdnh. linh vuc dugc phdn c6ng. Neu nguyen tac nay duge thue hien mgt cdch "tri?t d e " thi su
"giao thoa" ve thdm quyen giira cdc bg, co quan ngang bg Id khong co, con nhimg van de ve qudn ly edn "tieng noi" ehtmg, can di den th6ng nhdt thi phdi thugc ve trach nhiem, thdm quyen ciia Chinh phii va Thii tucmg Chinh phii. Nhu vay. kh6ng con ly do cho sy t6n tai ciia logi hinh van ban QPPL mang tinh chat lien tich giiia cac Bg truomg, Thu truang ea quan ngang bg vai nhau. Luat Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL nam 2015 da the che hoa tu tuang nay.
2. Diem mdi ve ngi dung vdn ban qu\ phgm phdp luat cua Bg truong, Thii t r u v n g ca quan ngang bg trong Luat Ban hdnh \ a n ban quy pham phap luat ndm 2015
2.1 Theo Ludt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL ndm 2015. thdm quyen ban hdnh npi dung vdn bdn QPPL cita Bo tnrang, Thu tnrtmg ca quan ngang bp "it" han so v&i tnr&c. the hifn & cdc mat cini yeu sau:
\fdi Id, Bg truang, Thii truang c a quan ngang bg kh6ng dugc quyen ban hdnh thong tu c6 ngi dung quy dinh vk thii tyc hdnh chinh (khoan 4 Dilu 14 Lugt Ban hanh vdn ban QPPL ndm 2015). Quy djnh nay nhdm cy the h6a, "hSen khai thi hdnh" tu tuong mang tinh nguyen tac dugc quy tgi Dieu 5 - Nguyen tnc xdy dyng \an bdn QPPL Id "bdo dam yeu cau cdi cdch thit tgc hdnh chinh", cung d6ng thoi ddp img \ cu cdu "cdt gidm vd nang cao chat lugng thii tyc hdnh chinh trong tat ca cdc ITnh vyc qudn ly nha nuoc. nhat la thii tyc hanh ehinh lien quan toi nguai dan, doanh nghi?p" theo Nghj quNci ciia Chinh phii ve Ban hdnh Chuang trinh tong the cdi cdch hdnh chinh nhd nuac giai dogn 2011 - 2020", gop phan
han cha tinh trgng ban hanh thu tyc hanh chinh "trdn lan" cua cdc c a quan, dgc bigt la cdc bg, c a quan ngang bg vd chinh quyen dja phuang, gidm bat ganh ngng chi phi tuan thii phdp lugt cho ngucri ddn, doanh nghi?p.
Hai Id, Bg truang, Thii trucmg c a quan ngang bg khong eon ban hdnh vdn ban de quy dinh ve "nhirng \ a n de khdc do Chinh phli giao" nhu quy dinh cua Lugt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL nam 2008. Mgt Chinh phu chiu trdch nhiem doi hoi co che chju trdch nhipm rach roi cua nhung bg phgn hgp thanh nen Chinh phu. Phdn cong h^ch nhigm ro rang giiia cdc nhdnh quyen lyc (lap phdp, hdnh phdp vd tu phap) vd giira cdc ca quan, bg phan thugc ciing nhanh quyen lyc Id tu duy d6i mai dugc the hi?n trong Hien phdp ndm 2013. Do d6. Chinh phu khong the tiiy ti?n "giao" trdch nhi?m cho Bg truang, Thu trucmg ea quan ngang bg ban hanh vdn bdn QPPL ma ddng le ra nhiing ngi dung d6 lgi thugc ve trdch nhipm cua chinh mtnh.
Ba Id. kh6ng con thdm quyen "Quy djnh ve quy trinh, quy chudn ky thugt, djnh mirc kinh tk - ky thugt cua nganh, lmh vyc do minh phy trdch" nhu Lugt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL nam 2008 (Khoan 2 Di6u 16).
2.2 Ludt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL ndm 2015 quy dfnh rd han ve thdm quyin ban hdnh vdn bdn quy djnh chi tiit trong thong tu cua Bp tnr&ng. Thu tnr&ng ca quan ngang bp
Doi vai tham quyen ban hanh van bdn quy djnh chi ti^t, Ludt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL ndm 2008 quy djnh Bg truang, Thu truang co quan ngang bg c6 quyen: "Quy djnh chi tiet thi hdnh ludt, nghj quy6t ciia Quoc hgi. phap I?nh, nghj quyet cua Uy ban thuang vy Qu6c hgi, Ignh, quyet djnh cua Chu tjch nuoc, nghj dinh ciia Chinh phu.
quyet djnh cua Thu tucmg Chinh phii"
6 Nghl <}uyet so 30c % 0 - C P nga> 08 11 '2011
16
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(Khodn 1 Dieu 16). Con theo Ludt Ban hanh vdn bdn QPPL nam 2015, Bg truong, Thu truang ca quan ngang bg ban hdnh vdn ban QPPL de quy dinh: "Chi ti6t di6u, khodn, diem duac giao trong ludt, nghj quyet ciia Qu6e hgi, phdp lenh, nghi quyet ciia Uy ban thudng vu Quoe hgi, lpnh, quyet dinh cua Chu tich nuac. nghi dinh cua Chinh phii, quyet dinh eua Thii tuang Chinh phii"
(khoan 1 Di6u 24).
Diem khdc biet trong quy dinh giua hai Luat ve van de ndy la tinh chdt "khong bi gioi hgn" hogc "bi giai hgn" ve thdm quyen ban hdnh van ban quy djnh ehi ti6t ciia Bg truang, Thu truang ca quan ngang bg. Theo tinh than ciia Ludt Ban hanh van bdn QPPL nam 2008, Bg truang, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg co quyen ban hanh vdn ban QPPL de quy djnh chi ti6t thi hdnh cde van bdn thugc Dieu 16 md khong co sy
"gioi hgn" ndo, nhung theo Dilu 24 Luat Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL nam 2015 thi Bg truang, Thii truang co quan ngang bg chi dugc quyen ban hdnh th6ng tu de quy dinh ehi tiet khi md dieu. khoan, diem trong luat, nghj quylt ciia Qu6c hgi, phdp lenh. nghi quyet eua Uy ban thu6ng vy Qu6c hgi, lpnh, quyet dinh ciia Chii tich nuoc, nghi dinh ciia Chinh phu, quyet dinh cua Thii tuang Chinh phii CO "giao". Quy djnh nay gop phdn hgn che sy ttiy nghi ciia Bg truang, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg trong vipc ban hdnh van bdn quy djnh chi tilt.
Hdng ndm. so lugng van bdn QPPL do Bg truang, Thu truang co quan ngang bg ban hdnh deu rat 16n. Chdng hgn, "nam 2015, cdc bg, ca quan da frinh Chinh phii, Thil tuang Chinh phii ban hdnh hogc ban hdnh theo thdm quyen 1.003 van bdn"'.
NHA NlfOC VA PHAP LUAT trong do. so vdn bdn QPPL do Chinh phu, Thil tuang ban hdnh chi 6 con s6 188 (g6m 128 nghi dinh, 60 quyet dinh)**. so lugng con lai duang nhien thugc ve Bg truang, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg. Khong nhiimg trong nam 2015 md 6 cdc nam truoc dd, s6 lugng \an ban do Chinh phu, Thii tuang vd cdc Bg truang, Thu tnrang ca quan ngang bg ban hdnh deu rdt lorn' vd chdc chan trong so lugng 16m van bdn d6, Bg truang, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg van Id chii the ban hdnh nhieu nhdt (vugt trgi).
Vi vay. viec dp dyng tript de cdc quy djnh mai \e tham quyen ngi dung van bdn QPPL cua Bg truang, Thu trucmg co quan ngang bg trong Lugt Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2015 se giiip gidm "ddng ke" s6 lugng cdc \'an bdn do nhimg chii the ndy ban hdnh trong thyc te, g6p phan giam bat chi phi hidn thit phdp ludt, gia tang khd nang dp dyng tryc tiep cac van bdn cap tren nhu lugt, phdp lpnh, nghj dinh, trdnh tinh trgng luat, phdp lpnh, nghj djnh da ban hdnh nhung vdn bi vo hieu hoa vi thieu sy "hucmg ddn" cua cdc Bg truong, Thil truang ca quan ngang bg.
3. Diem moi ve trinh ty, thu tyc ban hdnh van ban quy pham phap lu^t cua Bg triromg, Thu truvng cc quan ngang bg trong Luat Ban hanh vdn ban quy pham phap luat nam 2015
3.1 Ludt Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL ndm 2015 quy dinh quy trinh ban hdnh thong tu ciia Bp tru&ng. Thu tnr&ng ca quan ngang bp chdt che han
Khong chi xdc dinh trinh ty, thii tyc cdn phdi thyc hipn khi ban hdnh th6ng tu cua Bg truang, Thu truang co quan ngang bg, Ludt Ban hdnh van bdn QPPL nam 2015 c6n quy dinh cdc c6ng vipc cy the can phai tiln
Bao cao so 12. BC-BTP cua Bo tmong BQ Tu phap ngay 20/01/2016 vi Tong ic^I cong tac tu phdp nfim 2015. nhiem ky :oi 1.2015; dinh huirng nhifm ky 2016-2020 va nhi^m vy, giai phap chu yeu cong lac nam 2016.
Xemhltp:Vthinhphu-vii/ponal.page/porUl/chmhphu,'ihongcaobaochiVBQPPL Xem bieu do ben duoi.
—: , NOHIlN CtfU I i 7 S6 06(334) T3/2017V LAP PHApl > '
NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT hdnh trong cac buac. Da\ la tu duy doi mai the hien xu huang luat phai cu the, chi tiet, lugt phai dp dung true tiep. Truac ddy, Ludt Ban hdnh van bdn QPPL nam 2008 chi danh mgt dieu duy nhat (Dieu 68) de quy dinh ve xdy dung, ban hdnh th6ng tu cua Bg trucmg, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg, thi Luat Ban hdnh van ban QPPL ndm 2015 ddnh nhieu dieu khodn quy dinh cu the hon (ddnh mgt mye rieng - Muc 4 (tir Dieu 101 den Dieu 104). Quy dinh nay nham dap iing yeu cau ve tinh "cdn frgng" trong hogt dgng ban hdnh van bdn QPPL cua Bg truang. Thii truang co quan ngang bg. Tinh "can trgng"
nay gop phan han che den miic thap nhat nhung khiem khuylt co the xdy ra trong hoat dgng ban hdnh \an bdn QPPL cua nhirng chu the ndy. nhu \an ban ra dai kem chdt lugng. kh6ng phii hgp \ a i thyc ticMi. mau thuan. chong cheo \ a i cdc \an bdn khac yong ciing hp th6ng phdp luat.
3.2 Quy trinh ban hdnh thdng tu ctia Bp tnr&ng. Thu Inr&ng ca quan ngang bp trong Ludi Ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL ndm 2015 .se tdng cir&ng vd tgo ca hpi cho su tham gia cua cdng cluing vdo xdy dtmg dir thdo
Luat Ban hdnh van ban QPPL ndm 2015 coi trgng hoat dgng ldy y kiln nhdm nang cao chdt lugng ciia dy thdo so v6i Ludt truoc LI:I> Khong chi c6 trach nhipm dang tdi dy thdo th6ng nr tren Trang th6ng tin dien tli ciia CO quan ban hdnh trong thai gian it nhdt Id sdu muoi ngdy de co quan, t6 chiic, cd nhdn tham gia y kien nhu Luat Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2008, Lugt hipn hdnh c6n ddt ra yeu cdu: "Trong qud trinh soan thdo th6ng tu, bg, c a quan ngang bg chii tri soan thdo phdi lay y kien d6i tugng chiu sy tac dgng tryc tiep ciia van ban; neu nhung
\ an de can xin y kien phu hgp vori timg doi tugng Idy y kien vd xdc djnh cu the dja chi tiep nhgn y kicn: ddng tai todn van dy thao tren C6ng th6ng tin dien tii ciia Chinh phu I I NeHilH cini .
' I LAP P H A P _ 56 06(334) T3/2017
vd c6ng th6ng tin dipn tii ciia bg, c a quan ngang bg trong thori gian it nhdt la 60 ngay"
(khodn 2 Dieu 101). C a c h l tang euong ldy y kien doi voi dy thdo van ban, nhdt Id doi vcri "ea quan, to chiic, cd nhdn co quyen, nghia vy, trdch nhipm chju dnh huoTig tryc tiep tir vipc dp dung van bdn d6 sau khi dugc ban hanh" co y nghla quan trgng trong hogt dgng ban hdnh van ban QPPL ciia cdc co quan nhd nuac noi chung, Bg tnrdng, Thii tnrang c a quan ngang bg noi rieng. Neu dugc thyc hipn nghiem tiic, c a che ndy se gop phan tgo ra nhirng thong tu bdo dam tinh khach quan, phu hgp voi thyc tien, xudt phat tir nguypn vgng cua nhdn ddn. nhat la tir cac d6i tugng chiu dnh huang tryc tiep tir van ban.
4. Diem moi ve hifu life vd nguyen tdc dp dyng vdn ban quy p h a m phdp lugt cua B9 trudrng, Thii trurotig ca q u a n ngang b$
trong L u a t L u a t Ban hdnh vdn bdn quy p h a m phdp luat nam 2015
Ve th&i diem phdt sinh hifu lifc Theo Ludt Ban hdnh van ban QPPL nam 2015, Bg d-uong, Thu truang c a quan ngang bg khong con quyen ban hdnh vdn ban CO hipu lyc ke tir ngdy ky. Day Id dilm tien bg mang tinh nhan van, vi quyen cgn nguai.
Th6i diem phdt sinh hipu lyc xdc djnh thai dilm mgt van bdn QPPL bdt dau dilu chinh cdc quan hp xa hgi ma no dy lipu trong cdc quy phgm. D I bao dam quyln con nguai, phap lugt nuac ta da dgt ra nhirng yeu eau chung khi quy djnh v l thai dilm bdt dau CO hipu lye ciia mgt van bdn QPPL. trong do CO yeu cau: ehii t h l ban hdnh van bdn phdi dy lipu mgt thai gian nhat djnh (du ddi) truoc khi vdn bdn bdt dau phdt sinh hipu lyc de cde chii thl, nhdt Id chu t h l chju sy tde dgng tryc tilp ciia vdn bdn dugc bict. tilp can van ban vd chudn bj cac d i l u kipn cdn thiet cho vipc dp dyng vdn ban d6 khi n6 c6 hipu lyc. Tuy nhien. vi mgt s6 ly do nhat
dinh. phdp ludt ciing co phep trong mgt so truang hgp chii the co quyen ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL c6 hipu lyc "som" ban.
Theo Lugt Ban hdnh van bdn QPPL nam 2008: "Truang hgp van ban QPPL quy dinh cdc bipn phdp thi hanh trong tinh trang khan cdp, vdn ban dugc ban hdnh de kip thai ddp ling yeu cau phong, chong thien tai, dich bpnh thi c6 the c6 hipu lyc ke tir ngdy cong b6 hodc k> ban hdnh" (Khoan 1 Dilu 78).
Tuy nhien, theo quy djnh ndy, bdt ky chu the nao 6 tnmg uang'" (bao gom cd Bg truang, Thu truang ea quan ngang bg) deu c6 the ban hdnh van bdn QPPL co hipu lyc ke tir ngay ky khi rai vdo dieu kien nhu tren.
Khong nhiing vgy, cym tir "tinh trgng khan cdp" gdy ra nhieu tranh cdi trong thyc te dp dyng (vi the ndo la tinh trgng khdn cdp chua dugc giai thich trong Lugt nay) va co the bt
"igi dyng" de ban hanh van bdn co hipu lye ke tir ngdy ky md kh6ng bi xii ly bori hg dya vdo ly le Id van ban cua minh dugc ban hanh trong tinh trgng rat "khdn cap".
Voi quy djnh "Vdn ban QPPL duge ban hdnh theo trinh ty, thu tyc rut ggn thi c6 the CO hipu lyc ke tir ngdy thong qua ho|ic ky ban hdnh..." tgi khodn 2 Dieu 151 Lugt Ban hdnh van ban QPPL nam 2015, kit hgp voi cde quy djnh cy the \ e cac truang hgp xay dyng, ban hdnh van ban QPPL theo trinh h;. thii tyc nit ggn (Dilu 146), thdm quyen quyet dinh vipc xay dyng, ban hdnh vdn bdn QPPL theo trinh ty, thu tyc nit ggn (Dieu 147) da eham dirt quyen ndng ban hdnh \ an bdn co hipu lyc ke tir ngdy ky ciia Bg truang. Thu truang co quan ngang bg, ciing nhu cua mgt s6 chii the khac. Bai \i, theo Dieu 147 thi cdc chu the sau ddy mcri CO quyen ban hanh vdn bdn theo trinh ty, thii tye nit ggn: Qu6c hgi, Uy ban thuang vu
NHA NirCtC VA PHAP LUAT Quoc h6i, Chu tich nuoc. Thii tuang Chinh phu. Chinh phu. Hgi dong nhan dan cap tinh, Uy ban nhan ddn cap tinh. Vi \ ay, Bg trucmg, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg (ciing mgt so chit the khac) kh6ng c6 thdm quyen ban hanh \an ban theo trinh ty. thu tye nit ggn, ciing d6ng nghia vori vipc kh6ng the ban hdnh th6ng tu c6 hipu lyc ke rtr ngay ky.
Dieu nay co y nghTa quan trgng, nhat Id trong dieu kien cdc quan he xa hgi neu can dugc dieu chinh bai phdp ludt lgi chiu sy tac dgng chii yeu vd tryc tiep tii cae quy dinh trong van ban QPPL cua Bg truang, Thii truang ca quan ngang bg (chii khong phai Hien phdp, cdc van ban luat - van bdn cdp tren), md s6 lugng vdn bdn do cae chu the ndy ban hdnh lgi qud nhieu (nhu tren da thong ke). Neu trao quyen quy dinh vdn ban QPPL CO hipu lyc ke tii ngdy ky cho cdc Bg truang, Thii truong ca quan ngang bg thi nguy ea anh huang "nhieu hem" den quyen con nguori khi cac ehu the khong co du th6t gian can thiet de chuan bi cho vipe dp dyng vdn ban QPPL la c6 the xay ra (neu kh6ng n6i la Ion).
Vi th&i diim chdm dut hifu luc cua vdn bdn do Bg truang, Thii truang co quan ngang bg ban hdnh de quy djnh chi tilt thi hdnh eac van bdn "cdp tren"
Tuy quy djnh sau day kh6ng ehi dung cho van bdn cua Bg truang, Thii truang co quan ngang fag md con diing cho van bdn QPPL quy djnh ehi tiet n6i chung, nhimg vai tu each la mgt logi vdn bdn quy djnh chi tilt thi van ban QPPL cua Bg truang, Thu truang co quan ngang bg khi dugc ban hdnh trong truang hgp nay cung chiu sy rdng huge: "Vdn bdn QPPL hit hipu lyc thi van bdn QPPL quy dinh chi tilt thi hdnh vdn bdn do ciing d6ng thai het hipu lye" (khodn 4
O da> khong ban \e hi^u l\rc ciia \an bin do cac chu thi d chinh qu>«i dja phuong ban hanh, vi thiri diem co hipu lyc cu« % in ban QPPL a chinh quyen d|a phuong chju sy dieu chmh cua Lu|i Ban hinh \ an ban QPPL cua H^i dAng nhin diiu Uy ban nhin dan nim 2004 chu khong phai ciia Lu|i Ban hinh vin ban QPPL nim 2008
—: . NOHIlN CtfU i n S6 06<334)T3ra)17N^LAp P H A P ' "
NHA NU'dC VA PHAP LUAT Dieu 154 Luat Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2015).
Lugt Ban hanh van ban QPPL nam 2008 khong quy dinh 6 bat ky dieu nao \ e viec cham dut hieu lyc phdp ly ciia van ban quy djnh chi tiet khi van ban dugc quy djnh ehi tiet thi hanh het hieu lyc, din den rat kh6 de tra lai cau h6i: vdn ban quy dinh chi tiet CO het hieu lyc hay kh6ng khi van bdn dugc quy djnh chi tiet da het hieu lyc? Vi \'ay. co the n6i, quy dinh mcri \ e "cham diit hipu lyc cua van ban quy djnh chi tiet" co nhieu gid trj, truac het la gid tri trong vipc tao ra sy d6ng bg, thong nhat vc dp dung van ban QPPL, nhat la dp dyng trong thai diem "giao
thai" giiia van ban cu va van bdn moi. de dan din sy thilu th6ng nhat neu kh6ng co sy ro rdng ve nguyen tac dp dung. Ngodi ra, quy djnh nay eon phii hgp vcri quy djnh tgi khoan 2 Dieu 11: "Dy thao van ban quy djnh chi tiet phdi dugc chuan bj \a trinh d6ng thai vai dy an ludt, phdp lenh va phdi dirge ban hanh de c6 hieu lyc eung thai diem co hieu lyc ciia van ban hogc dieu, khodn, diem dugc quy djnh chi tiet" (vi van bdn quy djnh chi tiet dugc ban hanh de c6 hipu lyc ciing thoi diem vai vdn bdn dugc quy djnh chi tiet thi khong co ly do gi de van bdn dugc quy dinh chi tiet het hipu lyc ma van ban quy dinh chi tiet lgi eon hipu lyc).
m201i W
• SA \ugng VBQPPL NSm 2012
759
Nam 2013 799
NSm 2014 1012
Nam 2015 1003
Buhl dd: Kit qud Irinh Chinh phu. Thi, nrmg Chinh phu ban hanh hoac han hanh van han QPPL theo ihdm quyen cua cdc hp. ca quan ngang bg tir ndm 2012-20IS'.
:015-2016/Global CompMilive-
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. The Global Competilivcncss Index m detail. hllp.//www3 wetorum org/docs uer ness Report 2015-2016 pdf. page 367.
k^ _0M-_0I5. d,nh huang nhifm ky 2016 - 2020 va nhi^m vy. g,a, phip chu y^u cong tic nim 2016.
3. http7/chinhphu.vn/portal/pagc/porial/chinhphu,'lhongcaobaochi VBQPPL
11 Xem Bao cao so 12/BC-BTP ciia Bp trudng Bp Tu phap ngay 20/01/2016. Tldd a n j NOHIlN cuu .
"* ' I A P P H A P ^ S 6 06(334) T3/2017