JournalofScienceof HaiphongUniversity|Voi.4, No. 17, p. 11 - 2 1
N H O N G D I E M Mdi TRONG NGHj QUYET DAI HOI DANG Bp THANH PHO HO CHl MINH LAN THO X,
NHIEM l<] 2015-2020
Pham Xuan Khanh*
Tdm tat
Thdnh phi H6 Chi Minh Id do thi dac biet, CO vi tri, vai tro quan trong doi vdi sU phdt triin eda ed nUde. NhUng nam qua, dUdi sU ldnh dqo dung ddn cua Ddng bp Thdnh pho, cdc link vUc trong ddi sing xd hpi cda Thdnh phd Hi Chi Minh dd dqt dUdc nhiiu thdnh tUu khd quan. Trong b6i canh hiin nay, trUdc nhUng thuan ldi, thdi cd, khd khdn, thach thdc dan xen, di ki thiia vd tiip tue phdt huy nhUng thdnh tUu dd dqt dUdc, Ddng bd Thdnh pho phdi khong ngUng doi mdi tU duy, phUdng thUc ldnh dqo diphii hdp vdi yiu cdu thUc tien ddt ra.
Dqi hpi Dqi bieu Ddng bp Thdnh phS ldn thdX, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020 (goi tdt Id Dqi hpi X Ddng bp Thdnh pho) dd diin ra thdnh cong tot dep vd CO f nghia rdt quan trong. Dqi hai dd thdng qua Nghi quyit vdi nhieu diim mdi, the hiin tinh dung dan, sdng tqo, dii mdi trong tu duy ldnh dqo cua Ddng bp Thdnh pho.
Nhiing diem mdi ndy se Id nhUng chit trUdng, gidi phdp dot phd, quan trong di Ddng bp, chinh quyin vd edc tdng ldp nhdn ddn Thdnh phd no lUe, phdn ddu xdy dUng vd phdt triin Thdnh phi ngdy edng vUng mqnh, co chdt lUdng
• ThS., Trung tam B6i du8ng chinh tri Q u ^ 1, Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh.
song tot, xdng tdm vdi mpt trung tam dd thi ldn cua khu vUc Dong Nam A.
Tii khod: Thdnh phi H6 Chi Minh, Nghi quyet Dqi hoi ldn thdX, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020 1. Mddau
Dai hdi X Dang bd Thanh pho Hd Chi Minh diln ra trong khdng khi todn Dang bd va nhan din Thanh phd dang cung ca nfldc no lUe thflc hien, gidnh thang Idi eao nhit trong nhilm vu phat trien kinh te - van hoa - xa hdi nam 2015 vd k l hoach 5 nam 2010 - 2015, ehdo mflng Dai hoi Dang bp cdc d p , tiln tdi Dai hpi XII cua Dang; dae biet Id nilm tfl hdo, phan khdi cua quin dan ta ve nhflng thanh qua each mang vd cflng to ldn, todn diln c6 y nghia lich sfl tren cac linh vfle cua ddi sdng xl hdi, da nang tam vi thi cua nUdc ta d khu vflc vd tren the gidi trong thdi Id edng nghiip hod, biln dai hod ddt nfldc.
Dfldi sfl lanh dao sang sudt, tdi tinh cua Dang, Dang bd, chinh quyen vd nhin dan Thdnh phd da nlu cao quyet tam chinh tri, dodn kit, tilp tue phat huy truyen thdng each mang kien cfldng, nang dpng, sdng tao, huy ddng tdt rapi ngudn Ifle vd th\(e hien cd hieu qud nhilu ehinh sach, gidi phap phu hdp vdi thflc tiln tinh hinh d l nd lUc khae phuc khd khan vd dat dfldc nhflng thanh tflu quan trpng
TAP CH( KHOA H p c V o l . 0 4 , No. 17 - 7/2016 1 "J
Nhiing diem mdi trong Nghj quyet Bai hgi flang bo Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh lan X, nhiem ki 201S - 2020
trln tat cd cac linh vUe. Trong 5 nam qua (2010 - 2015), kinh te tang trUdng khd cao (GDP binh qudn 9,6%/ nam'), chi sd gia tieu diing dflde kilm sodt. Cd clu kinh te chuyin dich dung dinh hfldng (dieh vu chiem 59,9%, cdng nghiep - xdy dUng chiem 39,2% vd nong nghiep chiem 0,9%^), tai clu trflc kinh te dat kit qua bfldc dau, hoan thdnh cd bdn chfldng trinh xdy dUng ndng thdn mdi. Chit Ifldng tang trUdng, nang lflc eanh tranh dupe cdi thiln, hieu qua dau tfl tang (giai doan 2006 - 2010, 1 dong von ngan sdch thu hdt 8.5 dong vdn xd hpi, giai doan 2011 - 2015 thu hdt trin 12,5 dong; chl sd ICOR binh qudn giai doqn 2011 ~ 2015 dqt 3,56^). Cdng tae qudn Ii vd phat triln do thi ed ehuyen biln tich cflc (phu kin quy hoqch chi tiet 1/2.000 todn thdnh phi''), dau tfl phdt trien kit eau ha tang dd thi dat kit qud thilt thUe; chu ddng flng phd vdi bien doi khi hau, qudn li tai nguyen, bao ve mdi trfldng dfldc tang cfldng. Van hod, xa hpi, giao due - dao tao, khoa hpc - edng nghi ed chuyen biln tich cdc, ehlt Iifdng eham sdc sflc khoe Nhdn dan dUdc edi thien, thflc hien cic chinh sdch an sinh xa boi dat nhilu kit qud thilt thUe (hodn thdnh muc tieu gidm ho ngheo giai doqn 2009 - 2015, hp ngheo co ihu nhap dudi 16 trieu ding/ngUdi/ndm eon 0,89%; hp can ngheo co thu nhap dUdi 21 trieu dong/ngUdi/ndm con 2,39%^). An ninh chinh tri, trdt tfl an todn xa hdi dflpc gifl vflng. Nang
lUc lanh dao, sflc chien diu cfla to chflc Dang, chat Iflpng can bp, dang viln dflde nang len;
hieu Iflc, hieu qud qudn Ii Nhd nfldc, chat Iflpng edng vu cfla d n bd, cdng chflc chuyen bien khd; vai trd cua Mat tran, cac dodn the ehinh tri - xa hdi dflpc phat huy. Cdng tac doi ngoai dat ket qua tich cflc.
Tuy trong 5 nam qua, Thdnh phd da dat dflpc nhflng thanh tUu quan trpng chflng to quyet tara chinh tri cfla Dang bp Thanh pho trong viec gifl vflng vai trd dau tdu cua cd nfldc nhflng Thanh phd van edn mdt s6 han chl nhit dinh. Tang trfldng kinh te khdng dat chi tiiu Nghi quyet Dai hdi IX Dang bd Thanh phd dl ra (dqt 9,6%/chi tiiu 10 - 10,5%^), ehfla tao dfldc dot pha trong ehat Ifldng tang trfldng, nang lflc canh tranh, ehfla tfldng xflng vdi tilm nang cua Thdnh pho. Quy hoach, quan li dd thi va kit cau ha tang ehfla dap flng nhu d u phat triln kinh tl - van hoa, cai thien dan sinh, bdo vl radi trfldng.
Chat Iflpng gido due - ddo tao ehfla dap flng ylu cau phat trien va hdi nhap. Khoa hpc - cdng nghe ehfla la dpng lflc thflc dly phat trien kinh te - van hod - xa hdi. Mpt sd vin dl bflc xue trong xa hdi eham dfldc khae pbpc. An ninh, trat tfl, tdi pham, tl nan xa hdi edn diln biln phfle tap, tilra an nhieu ylu td giy bit dn. Chfla tao dflpc chuyin biln rd ret trong vile ngdn ehan, day lui tinh trang suy thoai vl tfl tfldng ehinh tri, dao dfle, Idi sdng efla mdt bo phdn khdng nhd d n bo, ddng viln. Nang lflc lanh dao vd sflc chiln dau cua mdt sd td chflc ca sd Dang '• ^- '• ' Ban Chap hanh Dang bo Thanh pho
Ho Chi Minh (2015); Vdn kien Dai hgi Bdng bo Thanh pho Hn thit X, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020, NXB Tong hc;p TP. Ho Chi Minh, tr.l2,12,13,14.
' Ban Chap hiinh Dang bo Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, Sdd, tr.15.
12kRl^dNGD/il HOC HAI PHONG
* Ban Tuyen ^ao Thanh u;^ Thinh ph6 Ho Chi Minh (2015): Nhitng vin di chu yeu cm Van kiin Bai hdi Ddng bg Thdnh pho ldn thd X, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020.
NXB. Tong hdp TP. Ho Chi Minh. tr.415.
ehfla dap flng ylu d u nhilm vu. Hieu lUc, hieu qua quan Ii Nhd nUdc ed mat cdn ylu kem.
Hien nay, tinh hinh the gidi va trong nfldc dang dat ra nhflng thuin Idl, thdi cd vd nhilu khd khan, thdeh thfle. Dat nflde ta tiep tue hdi nhap qude te sau rdng hdn, thflc hien Ip trinh cac cam kit quoc tl; van d l Bien Ddng, bien gidi Tdy Nara, van de bien ddi khi hau, nfldc bien dang... se la sflc ep rat ldn ca vl nang Ifle canh tranh vd on dinh ehinh tri trln dia ban Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, ddi hdi Ddng bd, chinh quyin va nhin din Thdnh phd phdi no Ifle phin diu manh me hon nfla, phai manh dan dfldng dau vdi nhflng khd khan, thach thdc, khac phuc nhflng ban ehe, ylu kira, phdi ddi mdi tfl duy lanh dao, nang eao hieu qua thUc biln cac chfl trfldng, giai phap de dap flng ylu clu efla siJt phdt triln bin vflng.
2. Noi dung nghien cvlu
2.1. Tdng thim 1 chuang trinh dot phd
"Chuang trinh chmh trang vd phdt trien do thi" so vdi 6 chUafng trinh dot phd cda nhiim ki trUdc
Viec thflc hien 6 ehUdng trinh ddt phd efla nhiera ki 2010 - 2015' da dat dflde mdt s6 ket qud bfldc dau, the biln tinh dung dan, phfl hpp ve ehfl trfldng cfla Ddng bd Thdnh phd de giai quyet cac van de do thflc tien Thdnh pho dat ra. Trong nhilm ki 2015 - 2020, 6 chfldng trinh nay tiep tue dflde thfle hiin.
' Sau chuang trinh dot pha; (1) ChUong trinh ndng cao chat lUOng nguon nhan lflc; (2) Childng trinh cai each hanh chinh; (3) Childng trinh nang cao ctiat liidng tang trUdng, nang lflc c^nh tranh ciia kinh te thanh phd; (4) ChiiOng trinh gidm un tac giao thdng, gidm tai nan giao thong; (5) ChuOng trinh giim nglp nUdc, flng pho viSi bifi'n doi khi h^u, nU6c biln ddng; (6) ChUdng trinh giam 6 nhiem moi tnJdng.
ed bd sung them nhilm vu, gidi phdp d tflng chfldng trinh de dap flng ylu clu phdt trien, hdi nhap vd nang cao chit Ifldng sdng cua nhin dan, ngoai ra Ddng bd Thanh phd cdn dl ra them mdt "Chfldng trinh chinh trang va phat trien dd thi" nang tong sd chfldng trinh dot pha thanh 7 chfldng trinh.
Sfl tang thim cfla "Chfldng trinh chinh trang vd phat triln dd thi" ngodi muc dich de gidi quylt d e van d l do dae dilm dia hinh tfl nhiln Thdnh phd dat ra, edn de khae phue nhflng han ehe tfl edng tde qudn li ve dd thi chfla dupe quan tdm trong thdi gian ddi trfldc ddy. Diln hinh nhfl: van cdn tinh trang phdt triln khdng ddng bd eia hi thdng ha ting ki thudt va ha tang xa hdi tai cde khu ddn cfl biln hflu vd ede ehung cfl hfl hdng, xudng d p ; kit qud gidi quylt nhiing vin dl bflc xue cua nhdn dan vl gidm un tac giao thdng, giam ngap nfldc, gidra d nhiera mdi trUdng cdn han chl, cd mat ngay cdng gay gat hdn, chfla gidi quylt dfldc nhflng tdn tai eia dd thi eu, ehUa dap flng yeu eau phdt triln kinh tl, van hod, cdi thien dan sinh va bdo ve mdi trfldng.
Muc tieu cfla chfldng trinh nay nham tap trung di ddi va td chflc lai eude song cua ngfldi din dang sdng tren va ven kenh, rach;
xay dflng mcfi, thay the chung cfl hfl hdng, xudng cap; tich hdp ddng bd trong quy hoaeh vd qudn Ii chinh trang nang cap cac khu dan cfl hien hflu, xdy dflng, phdt triln ede khu do thi mdi, phdt triln kit cau ha tang, danh quy dat cho phat trien giao thdng, edc edng trinh cdng cdng... gan vdi chien Ifldc, chfldng trinh, k l hoach khai thac, sfl dung hieu qua tai nguyen (quy nha, dat...) vd bdo vl mdi trfldng.
TAP CHf KHOA HOC Vol.04, No. 17 - 7/2016 1 3
HhOnq diem mdi trong Nghi quyet Dai h^i B^ng bg Thanh pho f^o Chi Minh lan X, nhiem kl 2015 - 2020
Qua dd, td chflc Iai, cdi thien dilu kiln sdng din cfl, tang mflc dp tilp can cfla ngfldi dan vdi cac dieh vu cdng; tang diln tich mdng xanh vd d y xanh, tao mdi trfldng sdng tdt hdn, hpp li, hai hod vdi khdng gian kien tnic, cdnh quan xung quanh; phu hpp vdi sfl phat trien chung efla dd thi dae bilt; gdp phin xdy dflng Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh cd chat Ifldng sdng tdt, van minh, hien dai, nghia tinh.
Vdi sU phdt triln Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh bien nay, vile Ddng bd Thanh phd dl ra them
"Chfldng trinh chinh trang vd phdt triln dd thi" la rat d n thilt vd quan trpng, nham nang eao mdt each toan diln dieu kiln sdng cia ngfldi dan trong Thanh phd, phdt trien Thanh phd theo md hinh bien dai, ben vflng, xflng tam vdi nhiing thanh phd Idn trong khu vfle Dong Nam A.
2.2. Nhdn mgnh vai trd quan trgng cda Unh vUckhoa hgc- cdng nghi Nhilm ki trUde, linh vUc khoa hpc - cdng nghe chUa dUpc bd cue thanh mdt muc rieng trong phan nhiem vu vd gidi phap ehfl ylu de tao chuyin biln rd rit trong nhan thflc va chi dao, d l khoa hpe - edng nghe that sfl la ddng lflc phdt triln kinh te - xa hpi.
Nhiera ki nay, Thanh phd da nhdn thflc dly du hdn vl tim quan trpng cua khoa hpe - edng nghe bang vile quylt tdm thfle hien ba dot pha chiln Iflpe trong Chien Iflde phdt trien kuih t l - xa hdi 2011 - 2020, trong dd nhan manh "Phdt trien nhanh ngudn nhan lflc, nhat la ngudn nhdn lUc chat Ifldng cao, tap trung vao viec ddi mdi can ban vd toan diln nen giao due qudc dan; gan kit chat ehe phdt trien ngudn nhin lfle vdi phat triln va flng dung
khoa hpc - cdng nghi". Thflc hiin dOt pha nay, ddi hdi phai ddi mdi manh me, ddng bo td ehfle, cd che qudn li, ehinh sach phat triln khoa hpc va cdng nghe; gan cde muc tieu, nhiem vu khoa hoe, edng nghe vdi muc tieu, nhiem vu phat triln kinh t l - xd hdi.
Thdnh phd se flu tiln diu tfl cho khoa hpc edng nghi so vdi eae linh vfle khae; xdc dinh danh muc sdn pham e h i ylu dl dat hang vdi d e nha khoa hpe, edc cp quan nghiin eflu; gan ket nghiin cflu, ddo tao vdi san xuat, kinh doanh, cham sdc sflc khoi, nang eao chat Iflpng cae de an khoa hpe - cdng nghe cd gia tri flng dpng thflc tien. Thanh phd cd kha nang dl thflc hien tdt ehinh sach ddi vdi dpi ngu cdn bo khoa hpc vd cdng nghe, nhat la thu hflt cac chuyen gia gidi. Dau tfl xa hdi, tang ddu tii edng d l nang chit Iflpng, hieu qua cae chfldng trinh khoa hpe - cdng nghe trong diera nhfl co khi chl tao, diln tfl, edng nghi thdng tin, vi mach, hoa dfldc, vat lieu mdi, y sinh hpe, khoa hpc tinh toan, qudn li do thi, bdo vl moi trfldng vd flng phd vdi biln ddi khi hdu.
2.3. S&dung cdc chi tiiu ddnh gid: tong sdn phdm ndi dia trin dia bdn Thdnh pho (GRDP); ti trgng ddng gdp cua yeu to ndng sudt tong hcfp (TFP); chi sd hieu qud qudn tri vd hdnh chinh cdng cdp tinh (PAPI); chi so ndng lUc canh tranh cdp tinh (PCI) vd cbi sd cdi cdch hdnh chinh (PAR-lndex).
TrUdc hit Id, sd dung chi tiiu tong sdn phdm npi dia (GRDP) thay eho ehi tieu GDP trUdc ddy:
Giai doan 2011 - 2015 va trflde dly cac tinh, thdnh phd trfle thude Trung fldng tdng hdp va edng bd chi tiiu tdng san pham ndi dia (Gross Domestic Product - GDP). GDP cing vdi
1 4 TRl/dNG DAI H O C H A I PHONG
GRDP (Gross Regional Domestic Product- tong sdn pham ndi dia d p tinh) Id nhflng ehi sd cd ban, rit quan trpng de danh gia sfl phat trien kinh te cfla qudc gia, tinh ndo do. Ddng thdi, nd Id ed sd de xay dUng, hoach dinh cdc ehiln lUpe phdt triln kinh te efla mdt qudc gia, mpt tinh trong mdt thdi gian (kl hoach 5 nam, 10 nam...). Vi vay, vile tinh GDP, GRDP m^t each chinh xdc cd y nghia cflc Id quan trpng.
Tuy nhiln, do nhieu han che nen each tinh tdng san pham ndi dia d p tinh eua nflde ta cdn nhieu bat cap. Hau qua la, chung ta ludn khdng cd eon s6 ehinh xde ve GDP qude gia va GRDP cia tinh; vi the da dnh hfldng rit nhieu den vile hoach dinh eae ehinh sach, xay dflng d e k l ho^eh phdt triln kinh t l eua tinh ndi riing vd ca nfldc ndi chung. Tfl nam 2016, Tdng cue Thdng ke la ed quan tinh toan va cdng bd chi tliu GRDP cho tit ca d c tinh, thdnh phd tren cd sd ra soat tinh toan lai va edng bd GRDP giai doan 2011 - 2015 cfla edc tinh, thdnh phd^
Tdng sdn phim trln dia bdn Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh (GRDP) Id chi tiiu kinh te do Ifldng toan bd ket qua hoat ddng efla tat ed d e ngdnh kinh t l thude d e thdnh phin trln dia bdn Thdnh ph6. VI ndi ham, chi tieu GDP va GRDP la gidng nhau, deu tinh toan theo phfldng phap sdn xuat, nhflng khdc nhau d td chflc va pham vi thu thap thdng tin, d c cdng eu tinh todn. Trong do, ed dilm khac bilt quan trpng nhat d edng eu tinh toan cua GRDP Id dp dung trilt d l nguyin tac thUdng tni cua
' Theo Quy^t dinh s3 715/QD-TTg, ngdy 22/5/2015 cua Th6 tUdng Chinh phu ve phe duyet De dn ddi mdi quy trinh bien soan s6 li$u t6ng sdn phSm trSn dja ban tinh, thdnh pho trflc thuoc Trung ildng (GRDP).
thdng kl tdi khodn quoc gia, loai bd tinh sot vd tinh trflng trln phara vi gifla cac tinh, thanh phd, dam bao khac phuc chinh Ileh sd lilu gifla d e dia phfldng vd Trung fldng. Day Id cdng cu tinh todn doi hoi Thanh phd phai cd nhflng chi trfldng, gidi phdp dl ndng cao nang lflc canh tranh nham thu hut cdng nhilu nha dau tfl vao Thanh phd cang tdt, khdng ke nhd dau tfl do thude Thdnh phd hay khdng thude Thanh phd.
Theo ket qua ra soat va tinh toan Iai eia Tdng cue Thdng ke eho tit d d e dia phUdng, trong do GRDP cia Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh giai doan 2011 - 2015 ed tde dp tang binh quin dat 7,24%/nam; phan dau giai doan 2016 - 2020, dat tfl 8,0 - 8,5%.
ThU hai Id, ti trgng dong gdp cda yiu ti ndng sudt tonghdp (TFP):
Yeu td nang suat tong hpp (Total Factor Productivity - TFP) la chi tieu phdn anh chat lUdng tang trfldng, ed f nghia rat quan trpng trong qua trinh phat trien kinh te. Bdi ngoai hai ngudn lflc chinh ddng gdp vdo tang trfldng kinh te Id vdn vd lao ddng cdn cd mpt ylu td mang tinh tdng hdp phan anh mpt each khai quat hieu qud tong hpp cua vile phdi hdp sfl dung d c nhin to dau vao cfla qua trinh san xuat nhfl vdn, lao ddng, sfl tiln bd cua khoa hpe ki thuat, ddi mdi cdng nghi, cai tien qudn li, dd chinh Id TFP. Nguon lflc lao dpng hay vdn la nhflng nguon lUc cd gidi han, nhflng tien bd khoa hpe ki thult, trinh dp quan li... ket qua tien bd tri thfle Id vd han.
Do dd, flng dung tien bd khoa hpe ki thudt vd cai tiln quan li se ldm cho vile sfl dung cdc ngudn lflc vat ehlt dflde hieu qud nhdt.
TAP CHl KHOA HOC V o l . 04, No. 1 7 - 7/2016 1 5
Nhung diem mdi trong Nghj quyet Bai hpi Bang bo Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh lan X, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020
Khi danh gia ding TFP, Thanh phd se chu trpng diu tfl phat triln vd flng dung khoa hoc - cdng nghe, ddi mdi cdch thfle quan li de dem din hieu qua sdn xuat cao nhat. Theo tinh toan sd bd, ti trpng ddng gdp eua TFP vao tang trfldng binh quan eua Thanh phd giai doan 2011 - 2015 dat 33,1%; phan dau giai doan 2016 - 2020 dat 35% trd Iln.
ThU ba la, chl so hieu qud qudn tri vd hdnh ehinh cong cdp tinh (PAPI):
Chi sd hiiu qua qudn tri va banh ehinh cdng d p tinh 6 Viet Nam (PAPI) do Ifldng hieu qua qudn tri va hanh ehinh cdng d p tinh dfla trln trdi nghiim vd danh gia efla ngfldi ddn khi tflpng tac vdi cde d p chinh quyen dia phfldng;
Id cdng cu theo ddi, giam sat nang lUc dilu hdnh, qudn li nhd nUdc, thflc thi chinh saeh vd eirag flng dich vu edng eia ehinh quyin dia phfldng;
giup cdc d p chinh quyin dia phfldng cd nhflng can efl dieu ehinh va edi thien hieu qud edng tae, phuc vu ngUdi din tot hpn.
Day la mdt diem mdi quan trpng, bdi vdi vai trd Id Thdnh phd di dau trong ea nfldc ve edi d e h hanh chinh, vile s i dung chi sd PAPI de danh gia nang lUc dieu hanh, qudn Ii nhd nUde, thUe thi chinh saeh va cung flng dich vu cdng cua chinh quyin Thanh phd trong bdi canh dly mainb cdng cudc doi mdi, hdi nhap khu vflc vd qudc te Id rit can thilt. Thdng qua ndi dung danh gia cia PAPI dfla trln ba qua trinh cd tac ddng lan nhau', vdi 6 tiiu chi cu the^, Thdnh pho si danh gia dUpe radt each
dly dfl, chinh xac, khach quan vl hieu qua hoat ddng cua bd may ehinh quyin cac cap thupc Thanh phd; dong thdi, phdt huy dfldc vai trd giam sat cfla nhan din, sfl thara gia ciia ngfldi dan vao hoat ddng eia bp mdy chinh quyin. Qua dd, mdi can bd, cdng chflc tt[
y thflc dupe vile tu dudng, ren luyln, nang cao nang lflc cdng tae, thai dp phue vu nhan dan de hoan thdnh xult sac nhiem vu dfldc giao, khdng bi dao thai ra khdi hi thdng cila bd may chinh quyen.
Thii tu la, chi so ndng lUc cqnh tranh cap tinh (PCI):
Chi sd nang Iflc eanh tranh d p tinh PCP (Provincial Competitiveness Index) do Phong ThUdng mai vd Cdng nghiip Viet Nam (VCCI) nghien eflu va xac dmh dl ddnh gia va xip hang ehinh quyin d c tinh, thanh phd ctia Vilt Nam trong vile xdy dflng radi trfldng kinh doanh thuan Idi cho vile phat triln doanh nghiep, dan doanh.
Hiin nay, tai Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh, cde doanh nghiep dang mong mudn dfldc Dang bd va ehinh quyin hd trd giai quyet
' Ba qua trinh: Xdy dUng chinh sdch; ThUc thi chinh sdch; Gidm sat viec cung dng cdc dich vu cong.
^ Sau tieu chi: Tham gia cua ngUdi ddn d c&p cd sd; Cong khai, minh hach; Trdch nhiim gidi trinh vdi ngUdi ddn; Kiem sodt tham nhung trong khu vifc cdng;
Tha tue hanh chinh cong; cung ling dich vu cdng 1 6 TRI/ONG OAI HOC H A I P H O N G
^ Bao gom 10 chi so: (1) Chi phi gia nhdp tht trUdng thip; (2) Doanh nghiip di ddng tiip cqn dat dai vd c6 mat bang kinh doanh 6n dinh; (3) Moi tnidng hnh doanh c6ng khai minh bach, doanh nghiep c6 cd hgi tiep can cdng bang cdc thong tin cdn cho kinh doanh vd cdc vdn hdn phdp lu4t cdn thiit;
(4) Thdi gian doanh nghiep phdi bo ra de thiic hiin cdc thd tue hdnh chinh vd thanh tra hem tra han che nhat (chi phi thUi gian); (5) Chi phi khdng chinh thUc 3 mite toi thieu; (6) Canh tranh binh dang (7) Ldnh dao tinh ndng dong vd tiin phong; (8) Dick vu ho trd doanh nghiip, do khu viic nhd nUdc vd tti nhdn cung cap; (9) Co chinh sdch ddo tao lao dgng tdt; (10) He thong phdp ludt vd tU phdp de gidi quyet tranh chdp cdng bdng vd hiiu qud.
khd khan, bdo ddm mdi trfldng dau tfl an todn. Do dd, nhilm ki 2015 - 2020, Thdnh phd quan tam den chi sd PCI nham muc dich dfla ra nhieu boat ddng thilt thUc, tao mdi trfldng thuan ldi eho doanh nghiip phat trien nhfl: day manh edi each t h i tue hanh chinh, ho trd mat bang san xult kinh doanh, tao thuan ldi cho tiep can hd trd tdi chinh tin dung, chfl ddng tich cflc td chflc gap gd ddi thoai, thao gd khd khan cho cpng ddng doanh nghiep, de doanh nghiip gan bo lau ddi, chia se vdi Thanh pho, cung vdi Ddng bd, ehinh quyen va cac tang ldp nhan din Thdnh phd xay dUng Thanh pho phdt triln hiin dai, gifl vflng vi tri Id diu tdu e i a ed nUde.
Thdng ke thfl hang chl sd PCI eua Thanh pho qua cac nam cho thiy nang lUc canh tranh efla Thanh phd chfla cao; phan dau giai doan 2016 - 2020, Thanh phd trong nhdm 5 dia phfldng dan diu d nfldc vl chi so PCI.
Thd ndm Id, ehi so cdi cdch hdnh chinh (PAR-lndex):
Xic dinh ehi sd cdi each hanh ehinh (PAR-lndex) d l theo ddi, danh gia mdt each thfle chat, khach quan, cdng bang kit qud trien khai cai each hanh chinh hang nam cia cac bd, cd quan ngang bd, Uy ban nhin dan cic tinh, thdnh phd trfle thude Trung Udng trong qua trinh trien khai thflc hien Chfldng trinh eai each hanh ehinh nhd nflde giai doan 2011 - 2020 theo Nghi quyet sd 30c/NQ-CP ngdy 08/11/2011 cfla Chinh phu.
PAR-lndex cing vdi 2 chi sd (PAPI, PCI) diu lay sfl hdi Idng efla ngfldi din vd doanh nghiip Iam tieu chi danh gid. Do vdy, Thdnh phd phdi quan tdm thUe hien hieu qua d e
ndi dung nhU: cdng tac chl dao, dilu hdnh d i cdch hdnh chinh; vile xay dflng vd td chflc thflc biln van ban quy pham phdp ludt; d i each thu tue hdnh chinh; edi cdch td chflc bd may hdnh chinh nhd nfldc; xdy dflng vd nang cao chit Iflpng dpi ngu cdn bd, cong chflc, viln chflc; ddi radi cP chl tdi chinh ddi vdi cd quan hdnh ehinh va ddn vi sfl nghiip cdng lap; hien d?i hod hdnh chinh; thflc bien cd chl mdt efla, ed che mdt cfla lien thdng.
Kit qua chi sd PAR-lndex cua Thanh phd Hd Chl Minh qua cic nam trfldc dflde xip thfl hang khdng eao; phan dau giai doan 2016 - 2020, trong nhdm 5 dia phfldng dan dau cd nfldc. Muc tiiu nay dflde dat ra phfl bdp vdi vi tri, vai trd va xu t h i phat trien eia Thanh phd trong giai doan hien nay va tfldng lai. Bdi mdt khi edi edeh hdnh ehinh dat hiiu qud thilt thUe se thfle day ede Hnh vUc trong ddi sdng xa hdi Thdnh phd phat triln, tao dflpc sU ing ho, ddng thuan cao c i a cic ting ldp nhin dan, d e td chflc va doanh nghiip.
2.4. Xdy dung Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh cd chdt luang song tot
Thanh phd ed ehlt Iflpng sdng tdt rad Nghi quyet Dai bdi X Ddng bp Thdnh phd dl ra la mdt thdnh phd phdi ddra bdo tdt 10 tiiu chi vl: (i) Chinh tri vd moi trUdng xd hpi;
(2) Moi trUdng kinh ti; (3) Moi tnidng vdn hod - xd hpi; (4) Y ti vd vi sinh mdi trUdng;
(5) TrUdng hgc vd gido due; (6) Dich vu cong vd giao thdng van tdi; (7) Gidi tri; (8) Hdng tieu ditng; (9) Nhd d; (10) Moi trUdng tU nhien.
Chat Iflpng eude sdng phu thude vao rat nhilu ylu td, dUa trln sfl tdng hod cua cde vin de lien quan din eude sdng con ngfldi tfl
NhOng diem mfli trong Nghi quyet Dai hgi BSng bpThanh phd Hd ChilWmh lan X, nhiem ki 2015 - 2020
chinh tri, kinh tl, xd hdi den mdi trfldng, he thdng giao thdng, cham sdc sfle khoi, an ninh, gido due... Kinh t l ehi la mdt trong nhflng tieu chi dl dam bao chat Ifldng cudc song con ngfldi. Dfl cho ddi sdng vdt chit cua ngfldi din ddac ning Iln rd ret, nhflng neu, hang ngay hang gid ngfldi dan dang phdi ddi mat vdi 6 nhilm mdi trfldng, giao thdng di lai, ngap lut, y te, an sinh xa hdi, an todn ve sinh thflc pham, tai nan giao thdng thi chat Ifldng eude sdng khd tang... Hdng loat Ii do nhu the da keo gidm chat Ifldng cudc song cia chiing ta. Phat triln nhfl the ndo de dam bao sU bin vflng, de chit Iflpng cupe song cfla eon ngfldi ngay cdng dflpc nang Iln mdi la dilu quan trpng nhat. Mdt thanh phd gidu cd ehfla chac da Id mdt thdnh phd cd chit Iflpng sdng tdt.
Mdt thanh phd cd chat Iflpng song tot la mdt thdnh phd ma trong dd ngfldi ddn cam thiy thodi mai hanh phfle va dUdc sdng tdt.
Tren ed sd dd, Dai hgi X Dang bd Thanh phd da xdc dinh he thdng 14 ehi tiiu' va d c nhiem vu quan trpng vl kinh tl, vdn hoa, xd hpi, qudc phdng - an ninh. Mdi cdng dan cfla Thdnh phd hdm nay ludn phdi y thfle dflpe trach nhiem cia ban than trong viec gdp phin thflc hien thang lpi cic mue tliu, chl tiiu, nhilm vu, gidi phap ma Dai hdi da dat ra.
Trong he thdng cac muc tiiu, vile "xdy dung Thdnh pho cd chdt lUdng song tof Id muc tiiu, kit qua cao nhat cln dat dfldc. Bdi day khdng chi la muc tieu ma cdn Id thfldc do d l ddnh gid ndng lfle lanh dao cia Ban Chip hdnh Ddng bd Thanh phd va sfl dieu hdnh.
' Ban Chap hanh Dai^ b6 Thanh pho Ho Chi JVCnh, Sdd, tr. 120,121.
quan li cia bd may chinh quyen, hiiu qua boat dpng eia ede cd quan trong he thons chinh tri, sU ddng tinh, flng hd cia cdc tang ldn nhan dan Thanh phd. Dflng nhfl Chi tich Ho Chi Minh da khang dinh "bao nhilu loi ich deu vi dan", "gdc ed vflng, d y mdi bin, xay lau thang ldi trln nln nhan ddn", "viec gi cd lpi cho dan ta phai hit sflc Idm, vile gi hai din dan ta phai hit sfle tranh".
2.5. De ra muc tliu dUa Thdnh phd sdm trd thdnh mdt trong nhiing trung tdm ldn ve kinh te, tdi chinh, thuang mgi, khoa hgc - cdng nghi cda khu vUc Dong Nam A
Hien nay, khu vfle Ddng Nam A da trd thanh mdt edng ddng, tiep tue Id trung tam phat triln nang ddng, ed vi tri dia - kinh tl - chinh tri ehiln lUdc ngdy cang quan trpng. Do do vile d l ra muc tiiu dfla Thdnh phd sdm trd thanh rapt trong nhflng trung tam ldn vl kinh tl, tdi chinh, thfldng raai, khoa hpc - cong nghe efla khu vflc Ddng Nam A Id rit can thiet, phfl hdp vdi xu the phat triln chung cua trong nfldc va khu vUc.
Thdnh phd se ddi mdi manh me mo hinh tang trUdng theo hUdng phat trien kinh te tri thflc vd tang trUdng xanh, ning cao chit Iflpng tang trUdng vd nang lUc canh tranh. Trien khai ed hieu qua cac giai phap binh dn thi trfldng; khuyen khieh, tao dilu kiln de cac thdnh phin kinh t l trong nflde ehilm linh thj trfldng ban le. Phdt trien san pham tdi chinh, dinh chl tdi chinh va thi trfldng tdi chinh, Hien dai hod he thdng thanh toan, hUdng den dp dung he thdng thanh todn khdng dung tien mat, nhanh chdng sfl dung phd biln, an toan
1 8 TRUONG DAI HOC H A I PHONG
cdc loai thi thanh todn dien tfl trong giao dich.
Phat trien raanh, vflng chac he thong tdi chinh phi ngin hang nhfl thi trfldng chflng khoan, d e loai quy diu tu, td ehfle bdo hiem. Tap trung dau tfl xuat khau sdn phim cd lpi t h i eanh tranh vd ehiem ti trpng ldn trln thi trUdng, chu dpng tham gia chudi gia tri toan d u ; da dang hoa san phim vd chfl trpng phdt trien thi trfldng xuat khau.
Hodn thiln chinh sdch d l thu h i t ngudn lflc xa hdi, dac bilt Id tdi chinh doanh nghiep, dau tfl phat trien khoa hpc - cdng nghi. Liln kit xay dflng va phat trien dieh vu du lieh dat hieu qud, ngang tim khu vflc Ddng Nam A.
Tang cfldng quang ba, xue tien du lich vdo d c thi trfldng trpng diem, gan vdi md rdng hdp tdc lien ket va keu gpi dau tfl, dao tao ngudn nhan lfle chat Ifldng cao. Tiep tue tap trung phat triln 4 ngdnh edng nghiip trong ylu trln ca sd xdc dinh chiln Ifldc phdt trien manh cdng nghiip ho trd gan vdi doanh nghiep sdn xuat vfla va nhd. Cd chinh saeh thu hut diu tU biln dai boa nganh xay dUng, sfl dung vdt Hlu mdi, tilt kilra nang lflpng, flng dung pho bien cdng nghi xay dflng biln dai. Khuyen khich diu td xa hpi, tang diu tU edng de nang chat Iflpng, hiiu qud ede chfldng trinh khoa hpc - cdng nghi trpng diem.
Vile de ra muc tieu ndy da chflng td Dang bd Thdnh phd manh dan dfldng diu vdi nhflng khd khan, thdeh thflc; manh dan de ra nhflng giai phap mang tinh dot pha de khang dinh vi t h i cfla Thanh phd so vdi d c thanh phd ldn trong khu vflc, gdp phin khang dinh vi thi cua Viet Nam trln trUdng Qudc te.
3. Ket luan
Dai hpi X Dang bd Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh da kiem diem siu sac vile thflc hien Nghi quylt Dai hdi DC Dang bd Thanh pho vd khang dinh trong 5 nam qua (2010 - 2015), Dang bd, chinh quyen va nhan dan Thanh phd da bam sat thflc tien, phat huy sflc manh tdng hdp cia d he thdng chinh tn va nhan dan, tao sfl dong thuan trong xa hdi, hoan thdnh ca ban d c muc tiiu, nhilm vu giai doan 2010 - 2015, dat dflpe nhflng thdnh tflu to ldn, todn dien, tao sfl ehuyin biln cdn bdn trong ddi sdng xa hdi, gdp phan rat quan trpng vao thanh tUu chung eia ving vd d nfldc.
Nhiem Id 2015 - 2020, "Id thdi ki Vilt Nam thUe hien day d i eae cam kit trong Cpng ddng ASEAN vd WTO, tham gia d c hilp dinh thUdng mai tU do thi h i radi, hdi nhap qudc te vdi tam mfle sau rong hdn nhilu so vdi giai doan trflde, ddi hdi Ddng, Nha nfldc va nhin dan ta phdi nd lfle rit cao d l tan dung thdi cd, vUdt qua thdeh thflc Idn trong qua trinh hdi nhip"'. Cac dilm mdi trong Nghi quylt Dai hdi X Ddng bd Thdnh pho Ian nay, la sU ke thfla, phat huy nhflng thdnh qud each mang cfla Dang bd Thanh phd trong nhflng nam qua, tiep thu cd ehpn Ipe, manh dan ddi mdi tu duy lanh dao de phfl hdp vdi yeu eau thfle tien eua Thdnh phd va ca nfldc trong giai doan hien nay cung nhfl nhflng nara tilp theo.
Dang bd, chinh quyen va nhan dan Thanh phd H6 Chi Minh ludn nang ddng, sang tao, di dau, ddm chip nhan thfl thach, nhan di, nghia tinh de thUc hien thang Ipi muc tieu:
' Dang Cpng san Viet Nam (2016): Vdn kien Dai hdt Dqi bieu Todn qu6c ldn thU Xii, Van phong Trung ifOng Dang, Ha Ndi, tr.73, 74,
Nhiing diem mdi tmng Nghj quyet Sai hgiBSng bo Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh lan X, nhiem kl 2015 - 2020
"Xdy dung Ddng bp Thdnh phi that trong sach, vdng mqnh; tang cUdng hiiu lUc, hiiu qud 1.
qudn li Nhd nUde; khong ngUng doi mdi, ndng dpng, sdng tqo, giff vUng on dinh chinh tri - xd hpi; ndng cao chdt lUdng tdng trUdng vd ndng lUc cqnh tranh eua kinh ti Thdnh phi, gdn 2.
tdng trUdng kinh te vdi phdt triin vdn hod, xdy dUng con ngUdi, thiic hiin tiin bp, cong bdng xd hpi, bdo vi mdi trUdng; ndng cao phuc ldi xd hpi vd chdt lUdng eupc song cda Nhdn ddn. Xdy dung Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh co chdt lUdng 3.
sing td't, vdn minh, hien dqi, nghia tinh; co vai tro dpng lUc trong sU nghiep cdng nghiip hod, hien dqi hod ddt nUdc; sdm trd thdnh mpt 4.
trong nhUng trung tdm ldn vi kinh ti, tdi chinh, thUdng mqi, khoa hoc - eong nghi eda khu vUc Ddng Nam A".'
TAI LI|U THAM KHAO Ban Chip hanh Ddng bd Thdnh phd Hfi Chi Minh (2015): Vdn kiin Dqi hpi Ddn^
bp Thdnh phd ldn thd X, nhiim ki 2015 - 2020, NXB Tdng hdp TP. Hd Chi Minh.
Ban Tuyen giao Thanh uy Thdnh phfi Hd Chi Minh (2015): Nhdng vdn de dii yiu eda Vdn kien Dqi hpi Ddng bp Thdnh phi ldn thdX, nhiim ki 2015 - 2020, NXB Tdng hdp TP. Hd Chi Minh.
Dang Cdng san Vilt Nam (2016): Vdn kiin Dqi hpi Dqi bieu Todn quoe ldn thU XII, Van phdng Tnmg Udng Dang, Ha Npi.
Kit qud Dqi hpi Ddng bp Thdnh pho ldn thU X, nhiim ki 2015 - 2020, Trang tin diln tfl Dang bd Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh,
<https://hcmepv.org.vn/app.cgi>.
Pham PhUdng Thdo (2015): Hdy cit di vl phia nhdn ddn, NXB Tdng h^p TP.Hd Chi Minh.
' Ban C h ^ hdnh Ddng b$ Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, Sdd, tr.l 19,
2 0 TRl/dNG DAI HpC HAI PHONG