QUAN LY NHA NUCIC VE MOI TRUOiNG - N H O N G
THACH T H O C DAT RA DOI Vdl TINH QUANG NINH
Dd MINH TUAN * Giai doan 2011 -2015, Quang Ninh la tinh cd toe do tang trudng kmh te nhanh. binh quan dat 9.2%/
nam (ca nudc la 5,82%). thu nhap binh quan diu ngudi gip 1.77 lin so voi binh quan ca nudc' Vdi muc tieu trd thanh mdt dia ban dong luc. nang dong cua vung kmh te trgng diem sic bd Viet Nam.
cda ngd quan trgng trong hap tac kmh ti quae ti giua Viet Nam va quoc te trong giai doan 2015- 2020, phin diu den nam 2020. trd thanh tinh coca ciu kmh te dich vu, cdng nghieif. Quang Nmh dang tip trung moi nguon luc de dat duoc cac muc tieu phat tnen kmh te - xa hqi theo Nghi quyet Bai hdi Dang bo tinh lin thdXP/, nhiem ky 2015-2020 Cimg vdi do. tinh cdng phii doi mat nhiiu thach thdc. sire ep cua phat tnen kmh te - xa hoi, dac biet la vin de bio ve mdi trudng Tif khda: Quan lynha nudc, bao ve moi trudng, thSche. chinh sich
Between 2011 and 2015, Quang Nmh achieved high economic growth, averaging 9.2% per armum (in comparison to the national average of S.82%), per capita income was I ?? limes nationaJ aver- age With the goal of becoming a key contributor to the Northern economic zone, a crucial gateway of international economic cooperation between 2015 and 2020, and becoming an industry-and- service province, Quang Ninh is devoting all resources to achieving socio-economic development targets in accordance with the Resolution of the Provincial Party Congress XIV (2015 - 2020). At the same time, the I^ovince is also facing many challenges and pressures Irom socio-economic de- velopment, particularly regarding environmental protection.
Keywords: State management, environmental protection, institution, policy
Ngaynhan 1 0 - 0 2 - 2 0 1 ? Ngay phan bien danh gia: 2 7 - 0 2 - 2 0 1 7 Ngay duyet Sang: 0 9 - 3 - 2 0 1 ?
1.NhihigketqilJdattfrf0Ctrongquinlyl)ilo vi true Ihude Sd Tai nguygn va Mdi trudng, vSmditnr(ltnggiaidoan2011-2015 gdm, Chi cue Bdo ve mdi trudng, Trung tam ' V4 caciu l5 chii'c quin I^ mdi trudng Quan trdc vd Phan tich mdi trudng va Quy Bao
He thdng co quan qudn ly nha nude (QLNN) vg mdi trudng Cap huyen dd thanh lap Phdng ve bdo ve mdi trudng tii cdp tinh din cap co sd Tai nguyen vd Mdi trudng, bd tri duoc can bd CO bdn dd duac kien toan, Cdp tinh cd 03 don cd chuyen mdn vl mdi trudng, Cdp xd da bo tri
cdn bd dia chinh, can bo y te hoac c.'
• ThS DS Mmh TUan - Trudng BAo tao can b6 hod ldm kiem nhiem cdng tdc bdo ue mdi NguySn Van Cd tinh Quing Ninh
S021(3-2017)|TAPCHfKINHTevAQUANLV| 47
THl/CTIEN - KINH NGHIEM trudng (BVMT). Dac biet,, luc luong cdnh sat mdi tru&ng toan tinh da duac td chdc vdi bi4n chl tdng so 78 cdn bd, chiln si lam vigc tai Phdng Cdnh sdt mdi trudng va Cdng an 14 dia phuong Vigc hinh thdnh ddi ngu cdnh sat phong chdng tdi pham vl mdi trudng da tang cudng m^nh me nang luc gidm sat, kiem tra va xd If cac hanh vi vl pham phap luat vl BVMT Cac doanh nghidp, cdc don ui san xuat kmh doanh itren dia ban tinh ciing da thdnh lap Phong M6i trudng de thyc hien cdc nhi&m vu vl BVMT Vigc van ddng cde td chflc cliinh tri - xa hdi tham gia vao cdng tac BVMT tr§n dia bdn tinh cung gdp phin tich cue trong vi#c giam sdt, phdn bidn cdng tac bdo ve mdi trudng
VS thi cbS. cbinh sich
Tinh Qudng Ninh da tdp trung lanh Ago, chi dgo cap uy chinh quyen cdc cap, cac ca quan, doanh ngtudp trgn dia ban tang cudng cdng tac quan ly. BVMT Cd the kd tdi Chi thi sd 30- CT/TU ngdy 07-9-2010 ciia Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy ul tang cudng lanh dao, chi dao cdng tac quan If, trSn dia ban tinh, Nghi quylt sd 33/3010/NQ-HDND ngdy 10-12-2010 ciia HDND tinli vl nhung chd truang, giai phdp tang cudng cdng tac quan ly bao vg mdi trudng tinh Qudng Hinh giai doan 20H-2015; Quylt dinh sd ig75/QD-UBND ngdy 23-6-2011, eua UBND tinh vi viec phe duydt KI hoach tnen khai thuc hign Nghi quyet sd 33/2010/NQ- HDND ngdy 10-12-2010 ve nhung chd truong, gidl phdp tang cudng edng tdc qudn if bdo vg mdi trudng tinh Quang Ninh giai doan 2011- 2015, Chuang trinh sd 19-CT/TU ngay 10-9- 2013 ciia Tinh dy ve thyc hidn Nglu quyet Hgi nghi iln thii 7 Ban Chap hanh Trung ugng D&ng (khda EX) ve chii dgng iing phd vdi biln ddi khi h&u, tang cudng qudn If tdi nguygn vd bdo vg mdi trudng; Kl hoach s6 6285/KH- UBND ngdy 19-11-2013 ciia UBND tinh ve thuc hifn Chuong trinh hdnh ddng sd 19- CT/TU, Quylt dinh sd 48/QD-lJBND ngdy 10- 01-2014 vl viSc thdnh ldp Ban Chi dao cua tinh thyc hign KI hoach hanh dgng dng phd vdi
bien ddi khi hgu tinh Qudng Ninh, trong do chi dao ldng ghdp cac ndi dung ul dng phd vdi biln ddi khi hau khi tnln khai ldp Quy hoach, kl hoach. du an vl bao vg mdi trudng Dac. biet, tinh da phg duydt Quy hogch mdi trudng linh Qudng Ninh den nam 2020, tam nhin den nam 2030 tai Quylt dinh so 1799/QD-UBND ngay 18-8-2014, trong dd, cdng tdc qudn If mdi trudng tap trung vao ? nhiem vu. Quan If moi trudng nudc. Qudn ly chit lugng khong khi;
Quan If chat thdi ran; Qudn If rCmg, Bdo tin da dang sinh hoc; Thich dng vdi bien doi khi hdu va Gidm sat mdi trudng
Cu the hda cac van ban chi dgo ciia tinh, da cd 9/14 dia phuong (bao gom cdc thanh pho' Uong Bi, Ha Long, Mdng Cdi, thi xa Quang Yen, cdc huygn: Hoanh Bo, Ba Che, Dim Ha, Hdi Ha. Cd Td) ban hanh kl hoach, cy tiie. hda cdc ngi dung, nhiem vu ve, BVMT. Cac dia phuang cdn lai, cdc ban ngdnh, doan the, td chdc chinh tri, xa hdi trgn dia ban tinh cdng tnen khai cdc nhigm vu, boat ddng cy thi phu hgp vdi linh hinh thyc te cda dia phuong, don vi minh ve BVMT
V^ tii cbinh, diu oi cho bio vS mdi trudng Ben canh viec gianh nguln kinh phi td ngan sach nha nudc (NSNN) cho cdng tac BVMT.
ngudn kinh phi thu duac td phi,, thue BVMT hdng nam cung duac lirih cho phep sd dyng.
Thdng kg cho thay sd luang va kinh phi diu tu cho cac du dn BVMT trong giai dogn 2011- 2015 diu tang so vdi giai doan 2006-2010.
Rieng tai chinh td nguln su ngiiiep mdi trudng td nguln ngan sach dia phuong giai doan 2011-2015 dat 2.998.726 trigu, tang gip 13 lan so vdi giai doan 2006-2010 (226 303 tridu dlng)^ Tinh cung tridn khai nhilu gidi phap nham huy ddng cdc ngudn luc tai chinh diu tu cho mdi trudng. thdc day cdc ngudn von ODA thdng quaviec triln khai cd higu quS cdc dtr an sd dung ngudn vdn ndy td cdc nha t&i tra. Giai doan 2011-2015 cd 5 du dn diu tu td ngudn vdn ODA cho cdng tac bdo ve mdi trudng vdi tdng kinh phi udc tinh 2 707 132 trigu ding, tang cd vl sd luang vd kinh phi so vdi giai dogn 4 8 I TAP CH( KINH T^VA Q U A N Lf | S6 21 (3 - 2017)
2005-2010 (tdng cdc du dn vdn ODA la 306.090 mdu ddng)", Tinh da chi dao ddy manh md hinh hap tdc cdng - tu (PPP), day manh hop tac qude t l de tranh thu ngudn luc tai chinh. kdu ggi dau tu de tnen khai cac Quy hoach, De dn bao ve mdi trudng, chl dao cdc don vi khai thac than thudc Tdp-doan Than ua khodng sdn Viet Nam ua Tong Cdng ty Ddng Bac hoat dong irgn dia ban dam bdo kinh phi hko ve mdi trudng nganh than
Ve c4c ho^t dgng giim sit, quan trie, cAnh bio 6 nhiem moi trudng
Hien tai, tren dia ban tinh cd 26 tram, hg thdng trgm quan trac (tu ddng, co dinh) vd 1 tram quan trdc eua Bg Tai nguyen va Mdi truong dau tu. Cac tram nay da duac ban giao cho dia phuang quan ly, van hanh thd nghiem Ban Qudn If Vinh Ha Long cung triln khai quan trac chdt lugng nudc biln Vinh Ha Long, Bai Td Long vdi 41 vi tri phan bd theo cac nhdm chiu tdc ddng cac ngudn thai 100% cdc doanh nghiep da lap bao cdo quan trac mdi trudng dinh ky va bao cdo cdng tac BVMT dinh ky gdi Sd Tai nguyen vd Mdi trudng theo ddi, kiem sodt Chat luong bao cao da dan dim bao theo quy dmh,
vi nguon li/c, sy tham gia cda c$ng ding Ngdy 21-9-2006, UBND tinh dd ban hanh Quylt dinh sd 2824/2006/QD-UBND vl mdt sd CO chl, chinh sach, thyc hien xd hdi hda cde linh vyc van hda - xa hdi tren dia ban tinh quy dinh cdc CO chl chinh sach thu hdi va khuyen khich bdo ve mdi trudng nhu. mien tien thue dat eho cac nhd mdy xd If rac, hd tra xd If rdc thii ddi v 6 Cdng ty Cd phan xd ly rdc thdi Ha Long; td chdc ve smh mdi trudng tren cdc tuyen dudng 18A bdng ngudn kinh phi thu dugc td khai thac khodng sdn
Da hinh thdnh cde td tu quan thu gom rdc d cdc phudng, xa, thi tran tai mdt sd dia phuong nhu. Ha Long, Cam Phd, Uong Bi, Mdng Cai.
Ddng Trilu mdt sd doanh nghiep, cdc to chdc xd hdi cd nang iuc nhu Cdng ty TNHH An Lac Vidn - INDEVCO, Cdng ty TNHH Hdi Yin, Ddng Trieu, Xi nghiep Phd Long, Tign Ygn
tham gia udo cdc hoat ddng nay Cic ho^t ddng khic
Tinh dd tang cudng thanh, kiem tra mdi trudng, phdi hign, xd If nhilu uu ui pham, dem lai ket qua tich cue, giam tdi da thdi gian tham dmh. phdi hop giai quylt thu tyc hanh chinh Kiem sodt chat che uiec sdn xuai, nhdp khau phi hgu Tang cudng cdng tdc quy hoach vd bdo ue mdi trudng Hgp tac qudc te trong BVMT cung duoc tinh uu tien thdc day trong ihdi gian qua ua dd dat duoc nhigu kit qua quan trgng Tinh dd trien khai ky ket hgp tdc trong linh vuc BVMT ddi udi nhigu nudc nhu Nhat Bdn, Han Qude, Cdng hda Lien bang Ddc . qua do, da tnen khai nhigu dy dn ue hd tro ky thudt BVMT,
2.NhOnghanche vicaciutocbUctjuint^mditnidng Luc luong can bd lam cdng tac bao ve mdi irudng td cap tinh den cdc cap dia phuong edn thieu vd yeu, dac biet id cap xd, phudng Cdc nganh chua ed cdn bd bdo ue mdi trudng chuydn trdch Cap huyen mdi bo tri mot den hai cdn bd qudn If chung doi udi khoang san, tdi nguyen nude, mdi trudng Su phdi hop cda cdc don Ul trong thyc hign nhiem uu bao ue mdi trudng cdn thieu chat che
Vi thi chi chiah sich
Cdng tac lanh dao, chi dao cda cap uy, chinh quyen ca sd ehua ihuc sy duoc chu trong, chua xdy dung Nghi quyet chuyen de hode van ban chi dao chuyen sdu ve cdng tdc BVMT Vide ban hanh vdn bdn cda chinh quyen d mdt so dia phuong cdn cham, ehua dung theo ciii dao cda tinh, tinh hieu qua ehua cao Cdc vdn ban quy dinh vl BVMT con bat cap, nhieu tinh hudng phdi smh trong thuc l l nhung thilu cdc quy dinh cu the de hudng din xd If Cdn bd lam cdng tdc BVMT thilu tinh chuydn nghigp, chu ydu Id kigm nhigm ddi udi cdp eg sd.
Ve tii chSah. diu tu cho cong tic bio v$ moi trudng
Ngudn kinh phi chi cho edng tdc BVMT eon rat hgn che, chua huy ddng duac su tham gia S021(3-2017)|TAPCHlKINHTgvAQUANLY| 49
j ; H a C T l i N - KINH NGHIEM tich cue cua cdc don vi san xuat kinh doanh, cua cdng ddng ud todn xd hgi Cac nhiem vu ue dilu tra, ddnh gia vd xay dung co sd dd ligu ve tai nguygn thien nhien va BVMT edn chua dugc thyc hien, IMgdn sach ddnh cho thuc hign cdc giai phap BVMT khdng dd ua thilu hieu qud Mdc che tai la do Chinh phu quy dmh thudng qud thap, khdng tuong dng vdi mde chi phi tudn thd theo cdc tieu ehuan BVMT nen khong ed tdc dung rdn de ddi vdi cdc doanh nghiep vi pham. Vide thuc hien chl tdi ndi chung chua hidu qua bode khdng kip thdi
vi cic ho^t ddng gi4in sit, quan trie, cinh bio d nhiim mdi trudng
QLNN ve BVMT ehua theo kip ydu elu, edng tdc kiem tra, thanh tra, xd ly vi pham trong linh vyc mdi trudng chua dd sdc ran de, phdng ngda, mdt sd dia ban edn de xay ra vi pham.
He thdng gidm sat, thyc thi luat ue mdi trudng cdn nhieu ban che Vide dmh kf thuc hidn quan trdc mdi trudng 4 lan/ndm lam cho cac ket qud quan trdc chi mang tinh tam thdi, chua the hien chat luong moi trudng lien tuc. Cdc ihdng sd moi irudng mdi chi tap trung udo nhdng thdng sd chinh, chua thuc hidn uiec phan tich loan dign nen chua du doan chinh xdc chat luang moi trudng, chua cd co quan chuyen trach thuc hien uiec kiem tra Viec thdng ke mdc dd xd thai ud chat lugng nudc thdi chu yiu dya trgn sd ligu do cdc nganh tu bdo cdo cho SdTai nguygn vd Mdi trucmg 1 lan/quf ddi vdi ngudn phdt thai, 6 ihdng/ldn ddi udi cac khu vuc ldn can Cac ca quan tu uan do cdc nha may thue de thuc hien kiem tra mdc dg xd thdi ua chat luong nudc thdi, thudng khdng cd du thiet bl phu hop de thue hien vide kiem tra
vi nguin li/c. su tham gia cda c0ng ddng Nhan thdc ua f thdc trdch nhiem, su quan tdm cua cac cap, cac nganh, cac doanh nghiep vd edng dong ve BVMT cdn nhilu han chl, thieu linh tu gidc, su phdi hap giua cdc nganh, cdc dia phuang chua ddng bo. chua tao duac phong trdo xd hdi hod BVMT
Cic ho^t d^ng khic
Kmh te eua tinh Qudng Ninh hign nay phu
thudc nhieu vao cac nganh kinh te cd tdc dgng tieu cue den mdi trudng nhU' khai thdc than, vat lieu xay dyng, xi mang, ddng tau, nudi trdng ud che bien thuy, hdi sdn, nhiet dign va du hch Trong tuong lai, kinh te eua tinh udn phdi tigp tuc phu thudc nhieu vao cdc nganh va hoat ddng cdng nghiep gay 6 nhigm He thdng thu gom ua xd If nudc thdi d cde dd thi vd hau hit cae cum cdng nghiep cdn thigu. Cdng trinh xd ly rac thdi dd thi edn thieu va chua ddm bao, Mdt sd dy dn xd ly chat thdi da dugc phe duyet nhung cham I nen khai...
3. NhOng thadi thii'c dat ra can giii quyet Cdc van de ndng ve mdi trudng dang dat ra, can gidi quydt hign nay cda tinh Qudng Nmh
(1) Sy suy gidm chat iugng nudc bien ven bd nhdt la khu vyc Bai Chdy, Ha Long vd Cam Pha, dien hinh la d nhigm dau tai cdc ben cdng, uung ven bd vinh Ha Long, Bdi Td Long, d nhidm amoni vdi hien tugng tao nd hoa tren vung vinh
(2) Ap luc gia tang nudc thdi sinh hoat, chat thai rdn trong khi hd thong xd If vd cdc cdng trinh xd If edn yeu vd chua ddp dng ygu cau, gay anh hudng ldn den mdi trudng, ngudn nude ud sdc khde cda ngudi dan
(3) Suy gidm da dang sinh hge vung vinh Ha Long, mat he sinh thdi san ho, he sinh thai cd bien va he sinh thai rdng ngdp man
(4) Dien biln phdc tap cua biln ddi khi hau ua thien tai tren dia ban linh, dien hinh la cac khu vuc: huyen Binh Lieu, Tign Yen, Ba Che, ddc biet Id thanh phd Ha Long va Cam Phd, do mua Idn keo dai ua dgc diem ddt dai yeu, tham thue vgt mdng dang gay ra nhdng tai bien nghiem trough
TAI LI$U THAM KHAO:
1). 2) Bang bo tinh Quang Ninh Van hen Bai hoi Dang bo dnh lin thd XIV nhiem ky 2015-2020. Ha Long 2015 tr 17. a-7?
3),4),5) Bao cao hien trang moi irudng tinh Quang Ninhgiaidoan2011-2015.tr 11-3. tri 1-4, tr 11-10.
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