N G H I S N CUXJ - TRAO D 6 I
THlTC TI^NG SACH Q NONG THON, MIEN NUI VA NHU CAU DOC CUA TRE EM
Ph^m Tile IChang
Nguyen Chit tich H5i ThU vien Viet Nam Tom tat:
Hiin nay, viec xay duhg phong trio doc bvng nha tru&ng da dUdc nhiiu nganh, nhieu cap quan tam vi dexiy dUng the hi dgc sidi trong tuting lai, can die biit quan tam td^ viee dgc cua tre em. Tuy nhien, rat nhieu tre em d nong tiidn va miSn nui van thd d vdi viee doc. Bai viet niu len thut trang sach ve nong ihdn, dac biit la cac huyin mfin nui; Nguyen nhin vi he luy cua viec sich khong ve nong thon, mien ndi va mgt so giai phap tinh the.
TCf khoi: Sach, nhu cau dgc, tre em, nSng thon, mien nui.
Abstract:
At present, the building of the reading movements in the schools has received much attention from many sectors and levels, and in order to build the future reading generation, it is required to a pay spedal deal of attention to the children's reading, t^any children in rural and mountainous areas, however, stiil remain indif- ferent to reading? The article presents situation of books for rural areas, esfieeially in the mountainous dis- tricts; Causes and effects of books not reaching rural and mountainous areas, and some solutions to the sit- uation.
Key words: Books, reading needs, children, rural areas, mountainous areas.
1. Day dut t ^ mdt ISn ''dau vdt"
Theo nguygn tae Dang lanh dao, tru'dc khi Uy ban ThUdng vu Quoc hgi bieu quyet thSng qua Phap Ignh, can d sU nhat tri ciia Bg Chinh fri Ban Chap hanh Trung utfng Dang.
G\Qa nam 1999, vdi tU dch Vy tn/dng Vu ThU vign, tSi dUde thap tiing Bg tn/dng Nguyen Khoa Diem (khi do) di bao d o vdi Bg Chfnh bj vd DU thao Phap Idnh ThU vign. Hgi nghi dang trao doi sSi n6i thi mgt dong chi Uy viSn Bg Chinh trj da phat bleu: "Hien nay d kha nhieu Phap Idnh. Toi thay d d e dja phUPng bay gid nhidu saeh lam. Vift day Chinh phu lat tang eutfng them "Til sac^ Phap luat" cho moi xa. Hang nam Chinh phu d p hang tram ty dong d o chUdng trinh mye tieu qudc gia ve sach... Vdy, de nghj Bp Chinh tri xem xet eo d n ban hanh Phap lenh ThU vien liic nay chUa?". Vi nhieu ly do khac nu^, euoi ciing Bg Chinh tri quydt djnh tam gae lai, ehuS nhat tri ban hanh Phap Idnh
Thu vign vao thdi diem nay.
Vay la d n g sdc d a bao ngu^ suot gan 2 nam da bj bd di. La ngutfi trut tiep bien sogn DU thao Phap lenh ThU vien, toi rat buon va tham nghJ:
"hinh nhy y kien eiia vj Uy vidn Bg Chinh tri ed phan diing vdl thUe te ehung ctia d nude nhung lai ed ve chua dung vdt thyc te ciia d e vting nong thon, mien nui?". Sau gan 1 thang binh tam, nit kinh nghidm, dUdi sU chi dao eiia Bg trUdng Nguyen Khoa Diem va sU ho trP rat nhigt tinh cita PGS.TS Nguyen Thi Tam Dan khi do la Uy vidn Ban ThUdng vu Quoc hot, Chu nhidm Uy ban Van hoa, Giao dye, Thanh nign, Thieu nign va Nhi dong d a Quoc hSi, chiing toi da lam nen euoe ISi ngUpc ddng ngoan muc: thuydt phuc, van dpng sy dong tinh ciia timg dong chi Uy vidn Bp Chinh tri de Thu&ng vy QuSc hpi nhat tri bilu quyet ban hanh Phap lenh ThU vidn vao ngay 28/12/2000. Day la van ban phap ly cao nhat ve tiiU vidn d c h mang t d nam 1945 den
nay. Phap Idnh ThU vien ra ddi viia nham quan ly tot hoat ddng thU vien, vii^ dam bao quydn Ipi cho ngutfi ed nhu d u dpc saeh, lam etf sd de phat trien van hoa dgc. Khdi phai ndi khi do ^ i va anh em trong ban Chi dao va tS Bidn soan Phap lenh sung sUdng den nhUdng nao' Thii that, ddn khi dd, tSi mdi tham tiifa, thi ra trong cuSc ddi, nhieu khi dau vdt d n sung sutfng hPn d thu khoa!
Sau khi hoan thanh vigc bien soan Phap Idnh ThU vign, toi dUPc didu ve lam Giam dSc ThU vign Quoc gia Viet Nam, khSng lam d n g tae quan ly nha nude vd ThU wen nOa. Nhutfg Idi nhgn xet eua dSng ehi Uy vidn Bg Chinh trj ngay ay ed dong mat trong tSi. Nhan djp Thii tUdng Chinh phii viia phd duyet De an phat tiien van hoa dge tn>ng d n g dSng den nam 2020, dinh hutfng den nSm 2030, toi quyet djnh di tim d u tra ldi von da day diit hang chuc nam nay ve: "ThUc bang sach d ndng thon, mien niii va nhu d u dpc d a tre em".
2. Thyc trang sach vie nong l i i d n , dac biet cac huydn mien nui
Nhan djp ki nidm ngay truyen thfhg nganh Xuat ban, ngay 10/10/2016, Sng Nguyen Kiem - Phd Chii tich thudng tryc HSI Xuat ban Viet Nam, nguyen CXic trutfng Cye Xuat ban - Bo Thong tin va Truyen thong, da viet trdn tap chi "Sa'cft va ddi son^': "Nhiirig thanh tyli vd kinh te, xa hSi cita d n g cupc doi mdi dat nUdc da tao didu kidn thuan ldi eho sy nghiep Xuat ban vutft qua nhutfg khd khan, thaeh thdc khi chuyen doi etf ehe. Xuat ban da dat nhutig c*ii tidu chi yeu, tiep tye khing dinh vt tri quan trpng trong ddi sdng xa hdi, tirtig bUdc thieh nghi vdi d ehe thj trutfng va d bude phat tiidn m(S trong dSi mdi d n g nghe va nang eao ddi song, thu nhap cita ngudi lao dpng. Td mgt quoe gia thieu sach, Viet Nam da vUdn Idn trd thanh mSt nude d ndn xuat ban doc lap, t y ehii, eung cap dii saeh cho nhu d u xa hSi" [4].
Thde te, saeh Vidt Nam xuat ban hang nam tSng ddu 7-10%. Tlieo so lieu d a Cyc Xudt ban, ti'nh den euoi nam 2016 d nutfe d 61 nha xuat bSn. Ridng nSm 2016 Vigt Nam da xuat ban 32.126 ten saeh vdi 330.952.500 ban saeh. Trong dd, sach giao khoa chiem hdn 80%, Udc tinh 264.800.000 ban, phye vu cho khoang 22 trieu hge sinh, sinh
vien. So d n lai khoang 67.250.000 ban d c h thupe d e linh vUe khae phuc vy cho 90 trieu ngUdi dan.
Binh quan moi ngUdi dan dUPe khoang 0,75 ban, mgt ty Id hutfng thu saeh qua thap.
Vd vide dpc sach, theo bao "SS/ Gon Giai phon^' ngay IHISIIUVJ, t^ le ngUdi dan Viet Nam sd dung tiiU vign dng cgng qua thap, ehi d 0,057 dan so.
Trong danh saeh 61 nUde d so lytfng ngudi doc sach cao trgn the gidi, d khu vyc Dong Nam A, Singapore diiYig thd 36, Malaixia duTig thit* 53 va IndSnexia ddhg thd 60. Viet Nam khdng d cjio duVig trong danh saeh nay. Td khi d n g nghd tiiong tin, dac bigt dien thoai thong minh (smart phone) va d c thidt bj dpc didn tit' phat trien, khac vdi hinh anh thutfng thay cua ngudi dan d c nude phUtfng Tay trdn tau dien ngam, d nha ga chd tau ia luon banh thii dgc sach, thi ngUdl ehau A ndi ehung va Vidt Nam ndi ridng chi cui (Su vao dien thogi.
Tham chi, sau hiia an gia dinh, moi ngudi mot gdc d i dau lang le vdi didn thoai hay may ti'nh bang, hiem khi thay ngUdi Idn dgc saeh hay trd ehuygn vdi tre nhd vd sach. Thd gidi da xudt hidn mot khai niem mdi rat dang lo ngai de ndi ve nhtiTig ngutfi b^ chau A: "mgt the hg cut dau". Sde dge kem nen sdc tidu thy sach d n g han che. Tae gla thai nghen khong biet bao nhidu thdi gian di vidt va xuat ban mgt tae pham thi thutfng ehi in 1.000 - 2.000 euon ma eung phai 1-2 nam mdi ban het. Vay, ngoai so lutfng 264 tridu ban sach giao khoa thi 67 trigu ban sac^ d c loai se di ve dau?
Cd the khang i^nh ngay, hau hdt so sach do n3m lai d d c nha xuat ban, nha sach tai thanh phS Ha Ngi, thanh pho Ho Chi Minh va vai thanh phS Idn khae. Tai Dai hgi Hgi Xuat ban thang 5/2017 viia qua, tham luan d a Phd Chu ticJi Hgi Le Hoang eho bidt: doanh thu ciia toan nganh Xuat ban nam 2016 la 2.201.375 tv- ddng, bong khi doanh thu eua CSng ty phat hanh sach (PHS) Fahasa thanh pho Ho Chi Minh la 2.400 ty dSng, tixjng dd 60%
ia doanh thu ban sach [3]. Rat miitig vt sdc dge, sdc mua sach cua nhdn dan thanh pho gan 10 tridu dan nay, nhuTig that dang buon vi nhan dan, nhat la ldp be d a d c tinh it dpc, it mua saeh qua.
Co diing nhy vay khong?
Da tiianh truyen thSng, sach td d c nha xuat ban sd theo d c ctf sd phat hanh xuat ban pham
Tap chi THU VIEN VIET NAM 1(69)
ve d c dja phUcfng. Ca nUde hidn d 118 dPn vj phat hanh xuat ban pham do Bd Thong tin va Truyen thong quan 1"^. Lut lUtfng phat hanh sach thupc d e thanh phan kinh te da phat tnen manh me. Hien nay, d nude d khoang 13.700 nha sach, higu sach, trung tam saeh, sigu thi, diem eho thud saeh, mua ban sach; gan 300 cdng ty trach nhigm hiiu han, tu nhan kinh doanh xuat ban pham. Trong do, 12.400 diem ia do tU nhan quan ly, boat dpng.
Dieu dang ndi, sau kht c6 phan hoa, Nha nUde khSng nam giiy co phan eht phoi ngn d c cong ty ehii yeu quan tam tdi doanh thu va ipi nhuan. Cae dtfn vj phat hanh sach d d c dia phUPng mien nui, viing sdu, viing xa d n g gap nhieu kho khan hcfn.
Mang lutfi phat hanh xuat ban pham chu yeu tap trung d d c thanh phS Idn v^ ngay dng bi tiiu hep d khu vyc nong thon, mien niii. Day la mgt tiiyc te dang lo. Saeh khong ve hifl dja ban rgng Idn la nSng thon thi lam sao v3n boa dpc d day d the phat tnen? Vao thSm kho saeh d a Nha xuat ban Kim Dong hay Phy nd chat chua hang nghin ten saeh d^nh ridng cho liia tuSi trd ma thdy day diit, Udc d phep la de chuyen nhuVig kho tri tiidc quy gia do ve vdi nong thon, ve vdi vdi hang van eon tre.
De kiem tia thyc te, tSi da ve khao sat tai Thanh Hoa. Tn/dc day, Thanh Hoa d mgng lUdi PHS kha manh thi hien nay ehi d n khoang 30 cP sd PHS.
Phan idn d e d sd nay deu trd tiianh d n g ty ro phan Idnh doanh tSng hpp, bong do d ban xuat ban pham. CSng ty PHS Thanh Hoa hang nam doanh thu 50-60 t / cKng, nhuhg chi cd khoang 5 ty dSng tien sach, ma ehu yai van la s^ch tham khao cho hgc sinh. Trung tam saeh eiia tinh tai so 6 Le Ldi, d gian hang dch tiJ chgn, thi ngoai sad giao khoa eiJng chi d nhi/ng saeh nang cao phuc vy cho nha trUdng, nam ti^ng chUPng trinh sach giao khoa. Nhan vidn ban sach eho biet: " d sach van hgc djng khong ban dutfe nen chiing em khSng nhap vie". Huydn Thg Xuan, mpt bong nhiiYig huydn kha ve kinh td d a tinh nhuhg d pho huyen chi leo teo 6 cira hang saeh tU nhdn thuan tuy b6n sach giao khoa d va mdi ciing vdi van phdng phSm la ehinh. Nha sach eho biet, d khi d thang mdi d ngUdl hoi mua 1, 2 cuSn buyen ttiiai nhi eho ti^, vi vay khong dam nhdn saeh ve ban. Rieng sach ky thuat nong nghidp, hg eung khong biet sach ve vdi iA con nong ddn theo con dUdng nao?
Cong ty Sach va Thidt bj trUdng hpc thupc nganh Giao due quan 1^ chiu bach nhiem eung d p sach eho thU vien nha trudng. Toan bp s a d eung d p la sach giao khoa va d thgm mot so sach tai trp ciia dU an "Tam nhin thd gidi", sach dat hang cita Nha xuat ban Van ho^ Dan tgc va mgt vai to ehut xa hgi khae tai trp nhu: ehutfng trinh 1 trigu ban sach cita Nha xuat ban Kim Eiong, sach d a to ehiit "Room to Read" ho3c do mot vai d nhan tang bidu. Theo quy djnh hign nay, mgt so huydn dgc bidt khd khan dUpc Nha nude d p tien de nha tnj'dng tU mua saeh giao khoa va ban eho hge sinh.
Nhieu nam nay, d c tn/dng dutfc d p tien mua sach giao l^oa nhuYig nhieu trutfng cung khong mua day dit cho hge sinh. Da tif lau, kmh phi chi cho thU vidn de ^ chut hoat dong van dpng dgc eho hge sinh tie'u hgc hdu nhU khong dutfc cae trudng tiiUe hien [5]. Vi vay, thyt d d t d thU vien d e trutfng hge nong thon, mien niii ehi d saeh giao khoa, tham ehi saeh giao khoa eung ehua du cho hgc sinh mUdn hpe. Cae giao vien d huydn viing cao MUdng Lat - Thanh Hoa cho bidt, sad tai trp ciia Nha xuat b^n Van hoa Dan tgc hang nam gut vd van di nguygn a ti/ng thiing, d e em khong dgc dupe vi saeh qua day, ngi dung ehua hap dan, Khi biet ve ehutfng trinh t3ng sach d a "Tu sach Lam Stfn", d e giao vien dd nghj ngn tang sach giao khoa cho d e thu vidn, bd lai phan saeh khong mua dil de cho d c em mUpn hge.
Ve he thong thu vidn cong cgng: Theo thSng ke eiia Vy Thu vign (Bg Van hoa, The thao va Du Ijch) ddn cuoi nam 2016, he thSng thUvign dng cgng dUde trai rpng d nyde bao gom: ThU vign Quoe gia, 63 thU vidn cap tinh, 652/708 huyen d thu vidn cap huyen, gan 3.432/11.162 xa cd thU vign, tiJ sach d p xa va 13.107 phdng dge, tiJ sach phap luat, tu saeh thon lang, ban ap va diem BuU didn v§n hoa xa. Ngoai bi/ThU vidn Quoc gia Viet Nam, d e thU vien d p tinh dutfc Nha nUdc d p kinh phi ddu dan hang nam (tuy rat han hep) de bo sung sach mdi phyc vy ban dgc, con mang ludi thu vidn huyen thj chi dUpc d p rat it hoae khong ed Idnh phi di mua saeh mdi va tS chde hoat dpng. Tat d trong vao nguon thu ngan saeh cua tiiYig dia phutfng va sU quan tam eua d p lanh dao. Thu vien huyen Thp Xuan - Thanh Hoa
cung trong tinh trang chung do. Uim 2016, Thd vien huydn Thg Xuan ehi dutfc cap 30 trieu dong, dil di bo sung dUpc khoang 500 ban sach mdi d^
phue vu eho mSt huydn rpng Idn vdt hPn 270.000 ngutfi dan.
Tn/dc thUc bang l^d khan ve kinh phi b6 sung saeh eua cd sii, ThUvien ti'nh Thanh Hoa da no lUe van dSng, thuyet phue va dutfe lanh dao ti'nh phd duyet dU an d p 500 tridu dong hang nam danh rieng eho vide mua sach ho trp va luan ehuyen saeh cho 120/636 diem BUU didn van hoa xa trong giai dogn 2016-2020. Ridng ThU vien tinh hang nam van bo sung 6.000-8.000 ban sach de phuc vy gan 4.000 ban dge cua thU vien.
Vd nhu d u dpc eua tre em; Thye bang saeh d nSng thon, mien nui va thy vien la mgt but tranh khong xan lan gi. NhUhg khong phai vi sy thidu thon sach m^ nhu cau dge eiia ngudi dan ndi chung va tre em d khu vUc nay khSng d n . Trai lai, vi khong d saeh nen d c em lai khao khat doc manh liet hdn bao gid hdt. Nhu d u , hutfg thii dgc sach d a d c em d ndng thSn vin d n va mai mai tutfi nguydn. Ve cac tru&ng hpe nong thon mdi thay d c em thich thii, say me dge sach ddn nhudng nao! Moi dpt luan ehuyen sach mdi tdi tmdng, vidn chde thu vien tinh viia phan khdi viia xdt xa chdhg kien dnh cac em chen nhau de lay sach, chgn sach va tranh thu dgc nghien ngau. Dae biet, dUpe nghe d e nha v3n, nha thP wl gidi thieu tae pham, d e em sung sUdng nhU dutfc xem mSt bp phim hay, mSt ddm bi^u diin nghd thudt dac sac. Tat nhidn, tre em d moi vimg d nhu cau khac nhau.
Rieng d e em d mien nui, ke d nhiihg em ehua thao tieng Kinh, deu d nhu d u xem truyen tranh vd ndi dung Vidt Nam, nhU: cic truydn vd truyen thuyet dan gian, d e danh nhan vSn hoa, Ijeh sd d e anh hiing, d c tam gUPng hieu thao, d c sach buyen d b'ch, truygn lich sd, giao dye ve tac hai cua d e te nan xa hpi... nhU danh mue saeh tieu bieu eiia Nha xuat ban Kim DSng trong djp k<^ nigm 60 nSm thanh lap viia qua. Neu d e saeh d ngi dung ve cac dan tpc thilu sS thi d n g quy hPn. Sach vidt bang tieng dan tgc eung giong nhU truyen tranh nude ngoai chua dupc d c em ydu thieh vi khdng dgc dUPe va rat khd danh van. O d e huyen mien niii, d nghe d c em tra ldi "ehau khong thich dpc
sach" d n phai bleu sau thSm trong d u tra Oft do la gi? Cd thi, t d be den gid ehau ehua dge saeh ndn khong biet trong do cd gi hap din? Hoac, idn nao do dpc euon saeh khong phii hpp ndn chau ehan va bd iuSn t d do; d c em Idn hdn mpt ehiit da tiftig dupe dpc nhung dd 3, 4 nam gan day khong dm sach mdi niia, ndn d the hdhg thu dgc ciia d e em da khong dn...
3. Nguyen nhan va he luy cua vide sach khdng ve ndng thon, mien nui
- Sach khong ve den nong thon, mien nui, trutfc het vi vide ap dyng d phan ndng vol cd che thj tru'dng mot dch dong loat cho nganh PHS. Trong khi van hoa dge cua chimg ta d n yeu kem, viee ehuyen doi d chd quan l<^ da dan tdi nhi/ng han chd Idn vigc eung dhg saeh eho nong thon, mien niii eiia nganh PHS. La ddn vi kinh doanh, d e dng ty, higu saeh, nha sach se khSng thi sSng noi neu sdt mua d thj bUdng nong thon, mien nui ban che nhy hien nay. Bdn canh nhutfg mat tieh cyt ciia ed chd thi tn/dng doi vdi nganh PHS, nhUng dutfng nhu chiing ta chi nhin nhdn thanh tyli thdng qua nhiihg eon so saeh xuat ban hang n3m va doanh thu ma qudn mat dSi tupng mua saeh, dien phat hanh.
- Do khdng thay doi phutfng phap day hge ndn nganh Giao due da lam tridt tidu phdn idn nhu cau dgc ciia hpc sinh. Tit* do, han ehe tdi vide mua saeh dge d a tirtig gia dinh, timg tiiU vign. Dieu nay, giao sU Chu Hao - Giam doe, Tong Bidn tap Nha xuat b^n Tri thiit da phat bleu: "Nen van hoa ciia mgt dat nutfe, chSc ehan phai dya trdn nen tang giao dye. Nen giao dye d a ehung ta hien nay, nhu tat d chiing ta deu thay, dang gay nen bde xuc Idn trong xa hgi. Chi'nh nen giao dye do da khSng xay dytig dUde mgt nen van hoa dgc. SuSt may chyc nam qua, trong tat d d e d p hge, td pho thSng den dai hgc, ngydi ta chua bao gtd nghi den vtec tap eho hgc smh d dUdc mot thdi quen dgc sach, hutfng dan cho d c em lya chgn saeh, deh dpc saeh. Ba yoj to do: thdt quen dgc, kha nang lua chgn va deh dge hdp thanh cSt loi cira d i ma ehiing ta ggi la Van hoa doe. Trong khi do, d d e nUde tien tien, ngutfi ta day cho d e em nhiihg didu nay ngay t d khi d c em cdn nhd, ed the lidn tyc cho den khi vao dai hgc.,." [2].
Tap chi THU V I I N VIET NAM 1(69)
Sau Ngh! quyet 29/NQ/TU' khoa XI tiiang 10/2013 ve "Doi mdi d n ban va toan dign giao dye Viet Nam", nganh Giao due va bsan xa hoi dang tuhg bude thye hidn doi mdi phUdng phap dao tao, hy vgng se tao nen nhu d u dgc sach eua hang tridu hgc sinh, sinh vidn.
- Hang nghin thUvien dng cgng d p huyen, xa va trudng hgc dUa dutfc d i thidn ve kinh phf bo sung saeh, da han ehe idn tdi nhu d u dua sach vd nong thon, mien niii d a nganh PHS.
- Trong khi d c gia dinh tiung binh va kha gia d the chi nhieu tien cho an mac, tide tiing, le lat nhuhg lai khong ehi eho viee mua saeh eho eon em, ma coi viee dgc sad d a con d i la do xa hdi lo. Vi chua nhan thdc diing ve ich ldi cita vige dge va mgt phan thdi quen nhU mot tap tue khong thay dSi, cac gia dinh ehua d y thdc trfch mgt phan gia tri lao dgng de chi cho ddi sSng tinh than, bUde hdt eho ron tre mua saeh. Bgn canh do, d n mSt bp phan khong it d e gia dinh van d n rat ngheo, dong tien phai ehia ra d l lo d i an, d i mae eho ron d t con ehUa du thi khSng the ed tien mua s^ch.
- Vide saeh khSng vd tdi nong thon, trUdc hdt la sU thiet thoi cho nganh Xuat ban, da mat di mgt thi trudng vo cung rong Idn. Ndu quang ba va thu htit dupe lUpng khach hang d nong thdn, mien nui d nUde, nhu eau saeh se tSng it nhat la gap doi hidn nay.
Sach khong vd vdi thj trUdng Idn se tao ndn mgt ttie hg Ididng ro ed hSi bidt yeu tiifch vige dge saeh. Da ed khdng it sinh vien dai hpc thii nhdn:
"Td be den gid, em ehua he dge eu6n saeh nao ngoai sach giao khoa. Vao trutfng dai hge mdi hieu sach quy den the nao. Nhuhg bay gid tiii ngai dgc qua, e d d m sach la buon ngu"... Vang bdng sach, ranh gidi giiia thanh thj va ndng thon, dSng bSng va mien nui dng tiidm dch bidt, la mgt didu khong cong bang, m^t thiet tiidi khong the bii dap noi eho nhiihg ngudi dan nSng tiion, mien niii.., He luy t d vige nay se tao ra trong xa hgi nhidu van de he thing.
4. Mpt vai giai phap tinh the - De giai quydt tinh trang saeh khdng ve nSng thon, midn niii, trach nhiem trUde het thudc ve
nganh Xuat ban, Bg ThSng tin va Truyen thong, Hdn liic nao hdt, d e nganh d n quan tridt day du tinh tiian CT42/CT-TU' ngay 25/8/2004 d a Ban Bi thu "Cham lo phat trien nhu d u v3n hoa dge eiia cac tang ldp nhdn ddn, to chdc va phat trien cac IUc lutfng mang lutfi ph^t hanh xuat ban pham dap uYig day dii, dung dSi tutfng va dja ban, dSc bigt quan tam vung nong thon, viing sdu, vimg xa va mien niii... Tgp trung eung rova phat trien he thong thu vien, d c loai phong dgc, trudc het d d sd..." Nha nude d n d cP ehe thieh hpp doi vdi d e ed sd PHS d nong thSn va mien niii. Ve Idu dai, Nha nUde nen giao eho BS Van hoa, Thi thao va Du Ijch quan ly nganh Xuat b^n la hdp ly va hidu qua hPn dSi vdi vide xay dUng vSn hoa dpc.
BS van hoa, Th^ tiiao va Du Ijeh can tdp bung chi dao vide xay duhg mang lUdi thU vien, bi saeh d sd, d n roi day nhU mpt bidn phap ehldn lUtfe i3u dai de ehan hUng v3n hoa. Luat ThU vidn Vidt Nam khSng biet bao gid mdi cd, trong khi Nhat Ban da d 2 luat de ehan huhg van hoa dpc va khuyen khfch tre em dge sach. Nhiihg nSm 80 cua tiie ky trUdc, rigng tinh Thanh Hoa da til/ng cd tdi 350 thUvidn xa, da tao nen phong trao dpc manh me, rgng khIp trong ba eon ndng dan va dudng nhidn sde mua s^ch cung tSng Idn rat Idn.
Trong qua trinh van dgng thanh lap thu vign, xa Nam Giang, huygn Thg Xuan la ntfi da ra ddi khau hidu "Gop 1 cuSn de dpc nghin euon" va tSn tai cho den ngay nay.
- Di b3c nhjp d u dUa sach vd nong thon, mien ndi, ndn chang eho phep mang ludi thUvidn eong cdng va thu vidn trUdng hpc tham gia vide PHS, phyc VU nhu d u mua sadi ciia nhan dan va hpc sinh. Vdi IPi thd ddde dao tao bai ban ve hogt ddng tuyen truyen, gidi thidu sach, mgng ludi thu vidn d the lam tot vide PHS trong khi chd sU md rSng mang ludi eua ngSnh PHS. Thu vien tinh va cac huygn Thanh Hoa da tithg lam tot rong vigc nay trong nhiihg nam dau doi mdi va dae bigt nhan dtp ky nigm lan thd 100 nam ngay sinh eiia Chu tjch Ho Chf Minh. Djp do, ThU vien Thanh Hoa phat hanh tdi 34 tdn sach vdi hang nghin ban sach vd Chu tieh HS Chf Minh. Trong nhieu nSm lidn, he thong tiiU vign d n g cSng Thanh Hoa do ThU vidn tinh dieu hanh da "mua trgn gdi va phat hanh toan bp Nong lich do Uy ban khoa hgc tinh
dn hanh Idn b5l htfn 30.000 ban. Hy vgng, trong tUPng lai ThU vien tinh va d e thU vidn huydn se phSi hpp ehcit che vdi mang lUdi thu vidn trUdng hge trong nhieu boat dgng nham co vii phong trao dpc saeh. Vdi dia hinh rgng Idn, nhat la d e tinh midn niii, de nghj Nha nddc ro gang trang bj cho ThU vidn tinh 1 xe 6 to thU vien IUu dSng nhu mgt so tinh da co hien nay di giiip d c em d d e tniicfrig vung xa, viing sau thudng xuygn dutfe dpc, mUtfn sach.
- Trong tinh hinh kmh td hign nay, ehiing tSi rat mong d c doanh nghigp, d e nha hao tdm ehung tay giup sut xay duhg thUvidn d c ldp hge.
De vide lam nay ed hidu qua manh me, rat d n sU ra tay eiia Tinh uy, Uy' ban nhan dan tinh. Uy ban nhan dan tinh Nam Djnh da phat dgng va ra ldi hidu tridu keu ggi d e doanh nghidp chung tay xay dyhg 12.692 bi saeh ldp hpc la mpt giai phap tot de lanh dao d c tinh tham khao, hpc tap. Chua d n nhieu, nhuhg moi tij sach d i d n ro 40-50 tdn sach tidu bieu cita Nha xuat ban Kim €)ong mdi tai ban trong dip ky niem 60 nSm ngay thanh ldp viia qua, toi tin d c em se lam quen va ydu thfch sach.
Qua khao sat nhieu y kien eiia nhan vien thUvien trutfng dan toe ngi tru, ban trit 6 mien nui Thanh Hoa, viee to chde tii saeh ldp hge la hpp l'^, thudn tidn c^o cac em tranh thii thdi gian dpc s^ch va giup d e em ro y thde hdn trong bao quan sach.
Co tu saeh ngay tai ldp hge eung nhU mgt sU nhae nhd hang ngay de thay eo giao tham gia dge va hudng d§n cho d c em phUdng phap chgn sach, dpe saeh va bao quan saeh.
- Trong viec xay dUng van hoa dpc d ndng thon, mien niii, vai tro eiia thay d giao la eye ky quan trpng, tham ehf quyet dmh sy thanh eong eiia vide xay duhg van ho^ dpc. Vi vay, cae thu vidn d n quan tam tao nen huhg thu, thdi quen va ky nang lya chpn sac^, dpc sach ciia cac thay d giao. Detiido, vdi moi dm b/dng hpe sinh, d c thay CO co the ap dyng hinh thde khae nhau, nhuhg trutfc het hay lam eho d e em thay didu hay trong saeh, dd d c em tiiich dpc saeh, dan dan se to chdc nhidu hoat dgng dong vlen d c em biet lua ehgn sach, biet dch dpc va bao quan sach.
Cac thu vidn tinh nen to chde nhieu ldp boi dutfng ky nang xay duhg van hoa dpe cho cae th3y cS
giao, dae biet eho thay ro giao khu vUe midn niii.
Chiing ta cd thi tranh thii kien thdc va kinh nghidm ciia TS. Nguyen Thuy Anh - Giam dSc Cau lae bg Dge saeh d n g eon, TS. Nguyin Ngpc Minh - tn/dng Dai hpc SU pham Ha Npi, ThS. KhtJe Thj Hoa PhuWng - Giam doe Nha xuat ban Phy nH ve d u lae bg nhiihg ngutfi ydu sach... de tham gia giang day trong d e ldp boi dutfng.
- MSc du ddi song cdn nhieu khd khan, nhUhg ndu cac doan tiie, to ehde eua d e tinh phat dong phong trao xay dUng tii sach gia dinh, tdi hy vpng se ro nhidu gia dinh quan tam hutfng uhg. Tu sach gia dinh, ddng hg, tu saeh khuyen hge se la nhiihg moi tn/dng thuan Ipi va hieu qua di xay duhg vSn hoa dgc eho thd hd tUPng lai.
- ThU vien bUdng hoe la trai tim nha trudng.
De ro "trai tim" luon khde manh, ngoat sy nS lyc vUPn Idn eiia nhiihg ngUdi lam thU vidn, rat d n sy quan tam dpng vien ve tinh than va vat ehat doi vdi ngddi lam thU vien va hogt dgng thu vidn.
Chd ddi ehfnh saeh eiia Nha nude thi rat idu, ndu ed the, d e tinh hay ehii ddng xay dyng mot ehd dp cho ngUdi lam thu vidn, dutfc hUdng mgt phan nhu giao vidn diifhg ldp. Bcfi trong rong euge doi mdi d n ban va toan dien giao dye hien nay, ngUdi lam thUvien se la "gicio vidn thUvidn" tham gia tich aic bong qua trinh thUc hign vigc doi mdi phUPng phap giang day trong nha trUdng.
Ketluan
Trong khoang 10 nam gan day, van hoa dpc, dae biet vide xay dUng phong bao dge trong nha trUdng da dUpc nhidu nganh, nhieu d p quan tam. Hang chuc euge hgi thao ve phat trien van hoa dge da dupe to chdc rSng khap d nude. De thUc hign cd hidu qua quyet djnh eiia Thu tUdng Chinh phu ve Oe an phat tnen van hoa dge trong cgng dSng den nam 2020, djnh hUdng den nam 2030, rat d n nhtihg vlec lam thidn nguyen, thiet thyc nhy nhdm nhuhg ngUdi con Thanh Hoa trong "ChUPng trinh Tit sach Lam SPn" hay d c doanh nhan Nam Dinh trong ehutfng trinh "Tu saeh ldp hpc Nam Djnh". Cac chUPng trinh se cham nen ngpn liia, gdp phan thip sang tam hon the hg trd cham dgc saeh trong b/dng lai. Cong viee day gian nan nhdng eiing ddy ap y nghia tSt dep.
Tao chi THI/ VIEN V I I T NAM 1(69)
Ngan ngti- chau Au cd d u : "Thang nhu-ng viec Idn d ddi, con ngddi ta thutfng hidn ra nhu eon ngUdi ta muon nhU vay. Chi trong nhffng vide nhd hang ngay, ron ngudi ta mdi hien ra dung vdi ehdt thyc eiia hp". Nhtihg tiianh vien bong "ChUPng trinh Tii saeh Lam Sdn" va "Tii sach ldp hoc Nam Dinh" v5n rat khidm nhUdng, ludn dau dau nghTve que hutfng, lo d i chi? cho con em d n g nhu nhuhg ngudi bisng ChUdng trinh "Cdm cd thjt" lo d i an cho tre em mien niii, xdng dang la nhiihg ron ngUdi nhu the!
TAI Ll|U THAM KHAO 1. Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy Sdn La. Ky yeu h^i thao:
Van hoa dgc d SPn La - ThUc trang va giai phap, ngay 16/8/2016.
2. Chu Hao. dn hieu dung v€ van hoi doc. Bai tra ldi phong van ciia GS. Chu Hao do Nhan Thu - dai VTV thUc hidn tren mang Internet.
3. Lg Hoang. Hdi Xuat ban Viet Nam da hudng ve cd sd vi gdp phan phat trien van hoa doc. Tai lieu Dai hgi Hgi Xuat ban, thang 5/2017.
4. Nguyin Kiem. Nhihig thanh tUu ciia nginh Xuat t)an Viet Nam II Tap chi Sach va ddi sSng. - 2016. - Thang 12.
5. Nguyin Nggc M^. Ning cao nSng lut doi ngu dn bo, giao vien thUvien tru&ng hocII Ky yeu phat trien van h d dgc trong nha taidng va bong cSng dong, ngay 9/12/2015.
5. Nguyin Thj Mai Hoa. Xay duhg vi phit huy vai tid eiia thU vien trUdng hoc nhim giao due v^n
hoi dgc cho hoc sinh Hi Ndi II Ky ySu phat trien van hOei dpc bong nha trutfng va trong dng dong, ngay 9/12/2015.
6. Pham The Khang. TU li^u khao sat: Phong QuSn ly phat hanh sach - Cue Xuat ban; Sng Do Hi/u Cutfng - Giam doc ThU vien tinh Thanh H d ; ba Le Thi Hug - Giam doc CSng ty Phat hanh sach Thanh H d ; ba Trutfng Thj Minh Hien - Phd Giam doc Cong ty Saeh giao khoa va Thidt bi butfng hoc Thanh Hoa;
ba TrUPng Thi Nam - giao vien thU vign bUdng tmng hpe pho thong dan tgc nSi bii huyen MUdng Lat; ba Tao Thj Hang - giao vten thU vign bUdng Tigu hgc xa Quang Chieu, Mutfng Lat; Trinh Thj Hong Tien - Giam dSc Trung tim Van hoa. The thao va Du itch huygn Thg Xuan; ba Ld Thj Nhung - nhan vidn thU vien huygn Thg Xuan, Thanh Hoa.
7. Thil tudng Chfnh phii. Quyet djnh so 329/QO- Ttg, ngay 15/3/2017 Phd duygt de an phat trien van hoa dpc trang dng dSng den n3m 2020, djnh hudng den nam 2030.
8. Vii Ditdng Thuy Nga. Vai tro nha truing va thU viin bvng phat triin van hoi doc 11 Ky ydu phat bien v3n hoa doc trong nha trudng v^ bong cgng dong, ngay 9/12/2015.
9. Vu Giao dye Tieu hgc - Bg Giao due va Dao tao.
XSy duhg thU vlen ldp hoc trong tru&ng tieu hoc II Ky yeu phat tri^n van hoa dge trang nha bUdng va trong rong dong, ngay 9/12/2015.
(Ngay toa soan nhin bii: 7/8/2017; Ngiy phan biin dinh gia: 6/12/2017; Ngay chap nhin dang:
11/12/2017)