TAP CHl KHOA HQC XA HQI s6 11 (195) 2014
TUONG O 6 N G VA D! BIET TRONG
NOI DUNG CAC BAN TRUYEN T6NG TRAN CUC HOA
LE THI HUYtN
Truyen Tdng Trdn Ciic Hoa la mQt eiu chuyen xa xua, dwpc pho biin rpng rai d vilng Kinh Bic. Hipn nay, tniypn tdn tai dwdi bdn dang thirc ehinh ia truypn Tdng Trdn COc Hoa Iwu truyin trong din gian, truyen Tdng Trdn Cue Hoa trong Bin than tich, truypn tha Ndm Tdng Trdn Ciie Hoa, va truypn Trang G i u Tdng Trdn do Nguyin Thiic Khiim soan. Tuy nhiin, ndi dung giifa eic dang thirc truyen tren khdng ddng nhat vdi nhau, rd nhit li giira Bin thin tich tai din Tong Tran vi truypn tho Ndm. Trong bai viit niy chung tdi tim hiiu sw twang ddng vi dj bipt vi npi dung cua truypn Tdng Trdn Cdc Hpa trong Bin thin tich vi trong truyan tha Ndm, ngudn gdc vi y nghia ciia sw twang ddng va dj biet nay.
1. G\0\ THI$U TRUYAN TONG TRAN COC HOA TRONG B A N T H A N T I C H V A TRONG TRUYEN THO NOM 1.1. Truyen Tong Trin Cue Hoa trpng Ban t h i n tich.
Ban thin tich hipn dang dypc lyu giir tpi d i n Tdng Trdn, thupc xa Tdng Trdn, huydn Phil Cir, tinh Hyng Yen. Thee ndi dung ciia Bdn than tich, nhan vdt Tdng Trdn sdng p thdi Tiln Ly (504-602), dng sinh ngdy 15/4/556, gia dinh thupc ddng doi thi thy. Cha mdt sdm, dng tirng phai ddt me di an mdy, sau dypc Ly dudng tien sinh dung npp vdo hoc, d i n 7 tudi thi thi dd trpng Nguydn. Trong thdi gian hpc p Ly dudng, dng quen va ydu ndng Ciic Hoa. Sau khi dd trang nguyen dng cudi Cue Hoa Idm vp. Ba thdng sau, dng duQC vua cir di sir p nydc Lypng - bdn Tdu. Vira sang ben Tau, de thir tai tri
Le Ihl Huyen Thac sT. Tap chl Khoa hoc xi hOITP H6 Chi Mmh
eua Tdng Trdn, vua nydc Lypng da giam dng vao trong chiia 100 ngdy.
Treng luc d chiia, dng dupe tien tren trdi xudng tang 3 qua dae tien, 3 tiii tdc tien vd tdng binh thu, binh phdp. Nhp bilt vide binh, Tdng Trdn dupe vua Luong phong lam tudng thdng ITnh qudn 18 nudc chu h l u , va ban che chuc "Phg qudc thupng te". Treng liic Tdng Trdn dl sir, Ciic Hoa d nha b\ cha dp liy Dinh trudng, ndng khudc tir, Idn nui Ba VI quyen smh nhung dupe mdnh hd eiru mang. Sag khi Tdng Trdn di sir man hpn trd ve qud, dng dupe vua Tridu Quang Phgc phong lam "lupng qgdc trpng nguyen". Ong m i t ngay 5/5/621. Hing nam nhdn dan dja phupng td chuc l l hpi D i n Tdng Trdn d l tudng nhd dng trong cae ngdy tir 9 d i n 16 thdng 4 dm ljeh.
1.2. Truypn Tong Tran Cue Hoa trong truypn thp Ndm
Dya vao vdn ban Ndm cd ky hipu AB.217 luu giu tai Vien Nghien ciru Hdn
L£ THj HUYEN - TyqNG DONG VA Dl BIET TRONG NQl DUNG..
Ndm. do Quang Thjnh dud'ng xult ban vao ndm 1915 (nidn hipu Duy Tdn thu 8), gom cd 1776 cau tha lyc bat, ehung tdi tdm t i t npi dung edu ehuydn nhu sau.
T i n g Tran Id con eau t y trong mpt gia dinh khd gia, khi chdng'^' Idn ba thi cha mit, tir dd gia dinh Idm vdo canh ngheo khd. Mpt i l n hat mp con td'i nha Trudng gia d' huydn San Tay xin dn. Con gal trudng gia la Cue Hoa thuang tinh dem ggo ra cho chdng, Trudng gid trdng thiy canh tup'ng ndy, n i l gign Idi dinh vd dp nang'^* lay Tong Tran. V l nhd chong.
Cue Hoa vua phgng dudng mp chong, vua lo cho chong dn hpc. Nam tam tuoi, Ting Tran thi dd Trgng nguydn. Nha vua muon ga con gai eho tan trgng, nhung chdng t u chll. Cdng chCia sinh Idng thu ghdt, xui cha ddy Tong Tran di su sang nude Tan (ben Tdu). D i n nuac T i n , vua T i n coi thud'ng Tdng Tran vi Id su gia eua "An Nam t i l u quoc", dgt ra nhilu vide d l ham hgi, nhung nhd' tri tud han ngud'i, ehdng da vupl qua mpi thu thaeh.
Chang xu kidn xuat sac 2 vu an, dup'c vua T i n khen ngp'i va ban eho danh hieu
"luang q u i c trgng nguydn", Trong khi Tong Tran dl su. Cue Hoa d nhd mpt da nudi mp, chd ehong. Dup'c 7 nam, cha ndng t h i y T i n g Tran khdng v l ndn dp ndng l i y Binh trud'ng. Cue Hoa t u ehli ndn bj cha ddnh ddp tdn nhdn. Qud dau kho vd d l thu tiet vai chong. Cue Hoa ldn nui Ba Vi quydn sinh. T h i n San Tinh thuang tinh giup da, hda phep thdnh manh h i d l dua buc thu eua Cue Hoa gui cho ching sang nud'c Tan. Tong Tran nhgn dup'c thu, dang thu l y Idn vua T i n , dup'c vua eho v l nud'c tru6c ky hgn ba nam.
Sau ba ndm Dinh trud'ng d' r l , eha Cdc"
Hoa td ehi>c dam cud'i linh dinh eho Dinh trudng vdi Cue Hoa. Lue Cue Hoa djnh quydn sinh de thu tilt vdi ching, thi T i n g Trdn trd ve. Chdng trung trj Trud'ng gia vd Oinh trud'ng mpt each dich ddng. Sau khi Ting Tran v l nudc, cdng chua nudc Tan vi thuang nhd' Tong Trdn, da xin vua eha sang nudc Vipt d l tim chang. Ra den biln, thuyen gdp bao ldn vd bj ddnh chim. Cdng chua trdi dgt vdo bd, may man dup'c huau nai euu sdng, nudi nang. Tong Tran di sdn trong rung tinh cd ggp lai cdng chua nudc Tan ben dua nang v l nhd. Cue Hoa chip thudn cho Tong Trdn cudi thdm cdng chua lam vp" thu. Den tuli lye tuin, Tdng Trdn xin cdo quan v l que.
2. P H A N D O A N SO S A N H T R O N G H A I VAN B A N
Mgc du ed ehung ngudn goc ra ddi, song npi dung cua truypn Tong Tran Cue Hoa trong Ban than tich va truydn tha Ndm cd nhilu diem khde biet. De thay rd su tuang d i n g vd dj bipt, chung tdi lidt ke cde tinh tiet eua edu chuydn, va ehia thdnh 3 giai dogn nhu sau: glai dogn 1, lai Ijch cua nhan vat Tong Trdn; giai dogn 2, thdi gian Tdng Tran di su; giai doan 3, thdi gian T i n g Trdn trd v l .
2.1. Lai lich cua nhdn vgt Tong Tran Nhin vdo Bang 1 ta thay cd 9/10 chi tilt khde bipt. Lai Ijch cua nhdn vat Ting Tran trong Ban t h i n tich dup'c ghi ehi tilt, rd rang, ed nam sinh, nam mdt, cd hp ten cha me, cd ngdy thang di thi, ngdy d l trgng nguydn, vd Idm dam cudi vdi nang Cue Hoa sau khi thi dd trgng nguydn.
Nhung doi chilu vdi ede t u lipu tin cgy nhu cudn Tw dien nhan v$t Ijch sO- Viet
TAP CHI KHOA HOC XA HOI s S l I (1951 2014
Bang 1: So sanh lai lich cua nhan vgt Tong Tran qua hai ban truydn Npi dung t h i hi#n Trong Ban t h i n tich
- Sing thdi t i l n Ly (504-€02). Que quan d t i n g Vong Phan, huyen Phii Hoa.
- Cha la Tong Thi^u Cong, me la Bdo Thi Cuong.
- Thudc d6ng doi thi thir.
' Me mang thai 11 thdng d tudi Igc t u i n thi sinh Tdng Trdn, luc sinh ra c6 dnh hao quang.
- T i n g Trdn smh ngdy 15/4/556 (Binh Ngo).
- T i n g Tran 5 t u l i d i t me dl dn may.
- O i n San TSy xm vdo Ly du'dng tien sinh de hpc.
- Cue Hoa m i n thirong Tong Tran, cha m? khong d m doan du'p'c.
- 7 tu6i thi d l trang nguyen.
- Ngdy 19/9 di thi, ngdy 1/2 n§m Quy SCru thi do dp nhit gidp cdp, ngdy 10/4 ndm 563 vua ban cd bien, 1 nghin gam li,ja vd 10 dTnh vdng cho vinh qui bai to.
- Sau khi do trgng nguydn mdi cu-o-i Cue Hoa lam vp'.
Trong truydn tha Ndm - Song d doi vua Thdi Tdng. Qud d huydn Phi) Hoa.
- Khong rd ten cha me.
- Nha giau c y phii.
- Sinh T i n g Trdn d tuoi 60 -Khong CO chl tilt nay.
- Ddt mp di an mdy (khdng ndi r6 so tuli).
- Den San Tay vdo nhd Tru'dng gid de xin d n . - Cue Hoa bl cha ep lay Tong Tran.
- 8 tuoi thi dd trang nguyen.
- Khong cd ehi tilt nay.
- Cu-ffi Cue Hoa tni-dc khi thi do trgng nguydn.
Ngudn; Le Thj H u y i n , 2014.
Warn (Nguyin Quang Thdng, Nguyin Ba Thd, 1991) vd cu6n Cac nhi khoa bang vm Nam (1075 - 1919) (Ngo Dirc Tho, 1993) khong c6 ten nhdn vdt Tong Trdn, md chl c6 tdn Tdng Hdn (sR m), nguoi xd Vu Lao, huyen Giao Thuy, nay la then VQ Lao, xd Nam Tdn, huyen Nam Ninh, tinh Ha Nam. Ong 22 tuoi Sd Dd tam gidp ddng tien sT khea Binh Thin nidn hidu Quang Bao 2 (1556) adrl Mac Phiic Nguydn.
Ngup'c l^i vol Ban thdn tich, trong truyen the Nom lai Ijch cua nhdn vdt Tong Trdn khd mo hd, khong co nhidu ehi tiet, khong co nam sinh, ndm mat... giong nhu phdn Ion cdc truydn tho Nom khuyet danh khde. Tdc gia cua truydn Nom khuydt danh thucrng Id nhung ong d6 a cde vimg qud, hay cac nha nho biet it nhieu chO Hdn, sang tac nham mue dich de didn Nom edu chuydn eho dd doe, dd thudc, gan gOi v6i doi s6ng nhdn dan. Vi
vdy, qud trinh sang tdc khong tdp trung vdo chi tiet eiia tirng nhdn vdt, dieu do ddn toi vide lal Ijch khong ro rdng, cy thk, nhung cdu chuydn didn ra diing trinh tu nhu nguon goc cua no.
So sanh giua hai ban truyen, chf ed 1/10 ehl tiet la tuong dong, do la qud huong cua Tong Trdn o huydn Phil Hoa. Chi tidt ndy gop philn xac dinh cdu chuydn duoc bat nguon tir truydn trang Gdu Tong Trdn luu tmyen tif xua o viing Phil Cir, Hung Ydn.
2.2. Giai dean Tong Trdn di sir Ddy la glai doan kjch tinh eua edu chuyen, mdu thudn dup'c d i y ddn cao trdo. Tuy nhidn npi dung eua mSl van ban lai the hien khde nhau theo quan dilm eua nguoi sang tae (xem Bang 2).
Nhin vao Bang 2, c6 2/13 ehi tiet ed su tuong d6ng la ndng Cdc Hoa o nhd bj
L £ THI HUY£N - TU-gNG DONG VA DI BIET TRONG NQl DUNG . Bdng 2: So sdnh giai dogn Tdng Tran di su qua hai ban truydn
Npi dung the hidn Trong bdn than tich
- Sau khi do trgng nguygn 3 thdng, vua cir di stj d nu'dc Lu-ong - ben Tdu.
- Bj b i t giam d chiJa Linh Long 100 ngdy.
- Khi bi giam trong chiia, cd ti&n trgn troi xuong cho 3 qud ddo tidn, 3 tOi tdc tidn vd dgy binh thu", bmh phdp.
- DU'P'C vua nhd Luang phong Idm tu'ang thong ITnh qudn 18 nudc chu h l u di dep gidc.
- Dung Idi le thuyet phgc gigc d i u hdng, dup'c vua ban cho chire "Phg q u i c thupng t l " . - Khdng cd chi t i l t ndy.
- Khdng cd chi tiet ndy.
- Khdng cd chi t i l t ndy
- 0 nhd Ciic Hoa bi cha dp lay Oinh trudng.
- Khdng cd chi tilt ndy.
- Cue Hoa tie bidt me chdng len nui Ba Vi t y v l n , dup'c San t h i n hidn ra khuyfin nhu vd giiip chuyin thu sang Tdu cho Tong Tran.
- Khdng cd chi t i l t ndy.
- Ddng sd, xin vua trd v l qud huang, sau dd trd Igi Tdu, h i t 10 ndm mdi v l .
Trong truydn tha Nom
- Sau khi dd trgng nguyen, du<?c vua tripu vao cung, t u choi khdng lay cdng chua, bi vua ddy sang nudc Tin.
- Bj b i t giam d chiia Linh Long 10 ngdy.
- Khdng cd chi tilt nay.
- Khong cd chi tiet nay.
- Khdng ed chi tiet nay.
- Khi T i n g Trdn vdo ehdo vua Tan. vua ddo ho giCra dudng djnh hdm hgi Tdng Trdn, nhung T i n g Tran chl di mdt bdn ndn khdng rai xuong ho.
- Hodng hdu bj bdnh lao, T i n g Trdn cho hodng hdu an thit huau vd khdi bdnh.
- Tdng Trdn xir kipn vu gai giet chdng bang kim sdo va xir kign vu trom tien bang cdnh da.
- 6" nhd Cue Hoa bj cha dp t i y Dinh trudng.
- Giic Hoa khdng ddng y l i y Dinh trudng, Cue Hoa bi cha ddnh dap vd giam me T i n g Trdn vdo chudng trdu.
- Cue Hoa nua ddm len niii Ba VI t u van, dup'c San Tinh CU'U vd giup chuyen t h u sang nud'c Tan chp Tong Trdn.
- T i n g Trdn nhd mdnh ho chuyin t h u ve cho Cue Hoa.
- Tdng Trdn ddng thu cua Ciic Hoa vd dupe mdn han ve nudc tardc 3 ndm.
Ngudn: Ld Thj Huyin. 2014.
eha dp l i y Dinh trudng, ndng Cue Hoa len nCil Ba Vi t y v l n dup'c San T h i n cdu vd giup chuyin thu sang cho T i n g Trdn ben Tdu.
Cdn Igi, cd 11/13 chi t i l t khae bipt giu'a hai vdn ban, trong dd cd 03/11 chi t i l t cd trong Ban t h i n tieh nhung khdng ed trong truypn tha Ndm, g l m : khi Tong Trdn bj giam trong ehua, dup'c Tien trdn trdi x u i n g tdng 3 qud ddo tien, 3 tui tde tien vd dgy binh thu, blnh phap.
dup'c vua nha Luang phong lam tudng t h i n g ITnh 18 nudc chu hau di dpp gidc;
sau dup'c vua ban cho ehuc "phy quIe thuQ'ng te". Ngup'c Igi cd 3/11 chl t i l t ed trong truydn tha Ndm nhung khdng ed trong Ban t h i n tich: khi Tdng Trdn vao ehdo vua T i n , vua dao h i giua dudng djnh ham hgi Tong Tran, nhung Tong Tran tranh dup'c, sau dd eng chua khoi bpnh lao cho hodng hgu vd x u thanh cdng hai vy kidn. Cdn Igi giua hai
TAP CHI KHOA HQC XA HQI s6 11 (195) 2014 ban truyen c6 5 chi tidt khong gidng
nhau.
2.3. Giai do^in Tong Trdn tro vd C6 the xem ddy la giai dogn "mo niif ciia tdc pham, mpi mau thudn dupe giai quydt o gial dean ndy. Giai dogn nay co 21 chi tidt, treng do eo 8/21 chi tiet tuong d6ng vd 13/21 chi tidt di bidt (xem Bang 3).
8/21 chi tidt tuong ddng 6 hai ban truydn gdm: Ting Trdn tro ve luc didn ra dam CUO'I eiia Cue Hoa vd Dinh truong; sau khi d6 la hit moi tin tire. Ting Trdn xir phat Truong gia vd Dinh tnj'ong. Sau khi Ting Trdn ve Nam Viet cong chiia Bach Hoa xin vua cha sang Nam Viet tim Ting Trdn vd dd bi gap nan giOa bien; Cue Hoa vd Bach Hoa nhuong nhau Idm chinh thit; Bach Hoa va Cue Hoa thir tdi may do va n i u com d l chpn ra ehinh thit,...
Ollm di bidt t h i hidn d 13/21 chi tilt, trong dd ed 2/13 chi tilt xult hidn 6 truydn tho Ndm nhung khfing xult hien trong Ban than tich Id: ndng Cue Hoa khoe ching va bilu me chong 2 ndn vdng truoc khi quydn sinh, hai dira hdu gdi trpm hai ndn vang. Co d i n 8/13 ehi tilt xult hidn trong Ban than tich, nhung khong c6 trong truyen tho Ndm, gom:
sau khi man hgn di sir vua Tridu Quang Phuc phong Ting Trdn lam "phM quic thupng te- vd phong cho Cue Hoa la
•Qudn chua phu quan", Tong Tran chdn cdt cdc tuo'ng si bi tif ngn khi dua cong chiia Bgch Hea sang Nam Vipt; vua eho Ting Trdn thu t h u i o huydn Phil Hoa d l dud'ng gia; ndng Cue Hea mit ngay 3/3 an tang tgi thdn Phii Oanh, vua cdt 3 m i u rupng giao cho thon Phil Oanh phgng tho; Ting Trdn m i t ngdy 5/5/621
dupe vua ban tang 'Thuong dang phiic than"... Con lgi o hai ban truydn c6 3 chi tilt gan giing: cong ehua Bgch Hoa gap ngn troi dgt vao rirng dupe b i y khi, biy cifu nuoi s i n g (than tich)- cfing chua Bgch Hoa dupe ddn huou ciru giup (truyen tho Nom); Ting Trdn dua Bgch Hog v l nhd (Ban than tich) - Tong Trdn dua Bgch Hoa den ra mat nhd vua (tmyen tho Nfim),...
Nhu vdy, giO'a Ban thin tieh va truydn tho Nfim da phin eae chl tilt la di bidt, s l chi tilt tuong ding chiem ti Ip r i t thip. Dgc bipt, CO nhilu ehi tilt xult hien trong Ban than tich nhung khfing xult hidn trong truyen tho Nfim vd ngupc Igi. B i l u ndy cdng Idm tdng thdm s u khae bidt ciia hai vdn ban. Nhit Id khi nhii'ng ehi tilt tuong ding glii'a hai van ban Igi Id nhirng chi tilt "phu hpa" cho cac chi tilt di bidt.
3. TiM H i e u NGUYEN N H A N K H A C B I $ T G I O A HAI V A N B A N
Truydn Ting Trdn ep chung nguin glc tir truydn ke ve trang G^u Tong Tran dupe luu truyin rfing rai o viing Kinh Bdc, d l Igi dau an sdu dgm trong doi sing nhan ddn noi day. VI vdy, truydn Ting Trin Cue Hoa trong Ban thin tich vd trong truypn tho Nom c6 nhilu dgc dilm tuong d i n g : cdu chuydn xdy dung cfi nhifng yeu t l than thanh, hoang dud'ng, con ngud'i ehua tryc tilp giai quylt mpi xung dot ma phai dya vdo than thanh; bao triim cdu ehuydn Id tinh nhan van cao eg. Id phai, cdi thidn bae gio' eung thing cai ac.
Tuy nhien, d mfii van ban lal co nhilu dilm khae bidt ve ndi dung t u tuong va hinh thirc nghp thugt. Su khae bidt nay cho
L £ T H | H U Y £ N - T U a N G D Q N G VA D| BlgTTRONG NOI DUNG..
Bang 3: So sdnh giai doan Tdng Trdn trd v l Npi dung the hien
Trong ban than tich Trong truypn tha Ndm
T i n g Tran trd v l luc dien ra ddm eudi Dinh trudng vdi Cue Hoa, gid lam ngudi hdnh khat d l vdo trong Dinh dd la tin tuc.
T i n g Trdn trd v l liic dien ra ddm cudi giO'a tardng vd Ciic Hoa, gid lam ngudi hdnh khat d l vdo trong do la tin tuc.
Cue Hoa khde chong, bieu mp chong 2 ndn vdng vd dmh t u v l n mdt lan nCra
Khdng cd chi tiet ndy.
Khdng cd chi tiet nay. Hai dira hau lay trdm vdng, bj chupt eing ldy lgi va dua cho Tong Trdn.
Sau khi dd la h i t mpi tin tdc, T i n g Tran dd x u phat Trudng gid vd Dinh trudng.
Sau khi dd la het mpi tin tire. Tdng Trdn vgch tran bd mat thgt eua Trudng gia vd Dinh trudng.
Vua Tridu Quang Phyc phong dng lam "Phu qudc - Khdng co chi tiet nay.
thup'ng t l " , phong Cue Hoa lam "Qudn chua phu nhan".
Sau khi Tong Trdn ve Nam Viet, cdng chua Bgch Hoa xm vua eha sang Nam Viet de tim Tong Tran, bj ggp ngn d cua b i l n
Sau khi Tdng Trdn v l nudc. edng chua Bgch Hoa xm vua cha sang Nam Vipt tim Tong Tran, bl gap nan ngoai khai.
Cdng chua Bgch Hoa bj trdi dgt vdo rung, dup'c b i y - Cdng chua Bgch Hoa dup'c dan huau euu khi, bay cCru dem hoa qud v l cho dn. giup va nudi sdng.
Tong Trdn gap Igi Bgch Hoa trong luc di sdn trong rdng.
Tong Tran gdp lai Bach Hoa trong lOc di sdn huau.
Chdn cdt cdc tudng s7 xau s6 dS ho tdng Bgch Hoa. Khdng cd chi tiet nay
Dua cdng chua Bgch Hoa ve nhd. Dua cdng ehua Bgch Hoa den ra mat nhd vua.
COc Hoa va Bgch Hoa nhud'ng nhau Idm chinh that CCie Hoa va Baeh Hoa nhudng nhau Idm ehinh that
• Thu tdi may do vd n i u cam. Thu tdi may do vd nau cam.
Cue Hoa dup'c Tdng Trdn chi cho cdch la an mia xong ldy bd md n i u cam.
- Cue Hoa dup'c Tong Trdn chi cho caeh an mia ldy ba md nau com.
Bgch Hog cdng chiia eung Idm theo, t i y ba mia n i u nhung khdng chdy, ddnh chju lam thiep.
Bgch Hoa cdng chiia khdng ndu com md s i n sang xm Idm thilp.
Oen tuoi lyc tudn, Tdng Trdn xm cdo quan ve qu^. Den tuoi luc tuan, Tong Trdn cao quan ve qud.
Vua cho Tdng Tran thu thue d huydn Phu Hoa d e - Khdng cd chi tiet ndy dud'ng tuoi gid.
CCie Hoa mat ngdy 3/3. Trgng nguydn thuang xdt- Khdng ed chi tiet nay.
ldm ma an tdng tgi d i n g Phuang Hodng vd lgp 3en thd nggy trdn phan md.
Oirqrc vua cdt 3 mdu rudng hdu than giao cho nhdn ddn xd Phil Oanh phyng sy.
Khdng cd chi t i l t ndy.
- Tong Trdn m d tardng day hpc cho con em tram hp. Khdng cd chi tiet ndy.
- Tong Trdn mat ngdy 5/5/621, dup'c vua phong sic - Khdng cd chi t i l t nay.
tdng "Thupng ddng phOc t h i n ' vd duoc lap den thd tgi qud nhd (nay Id xd T i n g Trdn, huyen Phii Cir, tinh Hung Yen).
Vua cdt 13 mau rudng cho nhdn ddn dja phuang xdy - Khdng cd chi tiet nay.
dyng den vd d l phyng s y huang khdi cho Tdng Tran.
Hdng ndm vdo ngdy 2 thdng 8, vua ban 80 quan t i l r sai quan dgi than v l Idm l l te Trgng nguydn.
N g u i n : Ld Thj Huyen. 2014.
T»P CHI KHOA HQC XA HQI so 11 (195) 2014 eho thiy su khae nhau giira lgp trud'ng
sang tdc ciia tdc gia, vd "mfii trud'ng" t i n tgi ciia truypn.
Treng Ban thin tich, nhdn vat Ting Trdn, Id hinh mdu ly tuong trong xd hpi phong kiln, duoc xdy dung nhu mpt nhan vgt lich si>, c6 hp tdn cha, mp, ngdy thang nam sinh rfi rdng. dupe vua phong Id
"Luo'ng quic trang nguydn", vd vdo ngay mdt dupe vua ban tdng "Thupng ddng phiic thin". Tdc gia xdy dung nhdn vgt theo tu tuong Nho gido. vi vdy nhdn vdt phdi lim lidt, CO nhilu cfing trgng va cfi vi the trong xd hfii. Mpt dde dilm thiy ro Id trong Ban thin tich, khdng xult hien tang Id'p cufi'ng hdo, cung khfing cfi chi tilt d i u tranh, phan khang cua ting lop duoi.
K i t thiic cdu chuydn. nhdn vgt Ting Trdn v l qud sinh sing vd hufi'ng mpi an blng ciia nhd vua.
O l giai thich hinh tupng Ting Trdn trong Ban thin tich, chiing toi hinh dung nhu sau: Ting Trdn Id mOt nhdn vgt hu clu, xuat hipn 6' cac chuydn ke treng ddn gian.
0 viing Phil Cir - Hung Yen tuong truyen cfi mdt ngud'i con trai hpc gipi, hilu hgnh vd sau ndy tro' thdnh mdt vi quan I6n. Cdu chuypn dupe nhan ddn tmyIn tung, tir t h i hp nay sang the he khde, duoc thdm bfii vd hoan thien ddn.
Sau khi ong mit, nhdn ddn da lgp mpt ngfii d i n nho d l bdy tfi su tfin vinh vi quan, goi g l m uo'c mo ve su thdnh dat.
Khi Ban thin tich cua Nguyin Blnh ra dd'i. Ting Trdn trfi' thanh nhdn vgt Ijeh sif, t h i hidn qua vide ban sac phong hang ndm. Vi vdy, Ban thin tich da ghi chdp Igi cdu chuydn nhu v l nhdn vgt Ijeh sii' cfi thdt duoe dg s l ngud'i ddn vd c h l dd phong kiln tfin vinh.
Nguoc Igi vol t h i n tich, truypn tho Nom Tdng Trin Cue Hoa, l i y cgm hirng sdng tdc tif truydn Tdng Trin COc Hoa ddn gian. Tdc pham la cau chuypn binh d|, dfi'i thuong, g i n gui vd'i nhan ddn lao ddng. Khae vdi nhdn vgt Ting Trdn trong Ban thin tich, dupe hodn thipn thanh ngud'i anh hiing kieu m i u ciia xd hpi phong kiln, trong truypn tho Nfim, npi dung t u tuo'ng da vupt ra ngodi cdu chuyen mpt cd nhan, md bao triim ca hidn thuc xa hpi duong thd'i. Truydn de cao gia trj nhdn vdn truyin thing, ding thd'i len dn xd hfii phong kiln duong thoi.
Id tilng hat ngoi ca tinh yeu thuy chung son sat cua nguoi phg nif. Tdc phim chira dung nhO'ng gid trj hipn thuc sdu sac, cac nhdn vgt dupe tgo ndn song dpng, vd'i nhirng tinh tilt eua dfi'i thuc NhCrng eon ngud'i t i t dpp trong cau ehuydn nhilu Iln bi chd dgp, nhung cull ciing, cdi thidn se thing cdi go, nhu Nguyen Ldc (1978, tr. 22) tirng nhdn xdt
"cupc d i u trgnh trong truypn Nfim blnh ddn la cupc d i u tranh cua thidn thing dc.
ngay thing gian, ehinh nghTa thing phi nghia...",
Trong truydn tho NSm, ngucri ddn lao ddng bilt tu bao vp minh, bilt d i u tranh che hgnh phOc cua minh. Vide Cue Hoa l i y Chang dn may Tong Trdn nhu Id biln tufi'ng cCa motif truydn ddn gian v l ngud'i con gai dep lay ching cfi b l ngodi xdu xi nhu cfic nhai, sp difa..., hay ngudi con gal nha giau l i y chong nghdo khi, sau dfi giiip ngud'i chong dfi dgt, vinh qui bai t l . Thfing qua motif nay nguo'i dan t h i hidn y muon ching Igi quan nipm hfin nhdn mfin dang hp doi, cha me dgt dau cen ngll d i y trong xa hpi phpng kiln.
L £ T H 1 HUY£N - TiraNG DONG VA D| BIET TRQNG NQI DUNG . 4. K^T LUAN
Truydn Ting Tran COc Hoa trong hai vdn ban mang nhilu y l u to hoang duong, cau chuydn chua thoat khdi t u duy cua truydn c l tich, con ngud'i chua t u giai quyet cac mau thuan ma van phai dua vdo thin thanh. Truydn cd nguon gdc t u truydn co dan gian nhung qua thd'i gian da dan d i n dup'c hidn thuc hda, Nhdn vat Tdng Tran den nay da trd" thanh nhdn vdt Ijch s u (cd d i n thd, dup'c vua ban tdng s i c phong, hang nam duac nhdn dan to chuc l l hgi vdo giua thang Tu am
Ijch). Qua thd'i gian truydn Ting Tran COc Hoa trd nen da dgng v l thd thuc lan npi dung, g l m cd truydn dan gian, truydn Ijch su vd truydn the Ndm, mdi the loai cd sue sing ridng vd t i n tai cho den tan bay gid'. Cd the ndi rdng, su da dgng cua truydn phu thupc vao quan dilm va lap trudng sang tac cua tac gia, va phy thupc vdo tinh thin, quan nidm cua ngudi ddn, mdi trudng nudi dudng nhung cau chuydn c l xua ve cai thidn va Idng nhan ai. •
CHO THICH
'^' Chdng; theo edeh gpi danh xung trong Truydn tha ndm.
'^* Ndng; theo cdch gpi danh xung trong Truydn tha ndm.
TAI Lieu T R I C H DAN
1. Ngd Due Tho. 1993 (chu bidn). CAc nha khoa bing Vi$t Nam (1075- 1919) Hd Npi: Nxb.
Vdn hpc.
2. Nguyen Lpc. 1978. VSn hpc Vi$t Nam nwa cudi thi ky XVIII nwa diu thi ky XIX. Tgp II. Hd Npi: Nxb. Dgi hpc va Trung hpc Chuydn nghidp.
3. Nguyin Quang Thing. Nguydn Bd Thi (chu bien). 1991. TCrdiin nhan v0tlich sw Viet Nam.
Hd Npi: Nxb. Khoa hpcXd hpi.
4. Vdn ban AB.217.1915. Tdng Tran tan tmyen. Nxb. Quang Thmh dudng.