rl TE MQANH - LANH THO
Nong nghiep cong nghe cao tai TP. Ha Noi:
Thi/c trang va giai phap
MGOYIN MINH TUAN-
Ha NOi la dia phifcfng di tidn phong trong phat tri^n ndng nghidp cdng ngh$
cao (NNCNC) cua ca nrfdc, co so'Irfdng doanh nghidp NNCNC nhi^u nhS't ca nrfdc. Tuy nhidn, cho dd'n nay, vi$c phat tri€n NNCNC t^i Ha NOi v§n t6n tai mOt sd* han chd', nhrf: rfng dung cdng ngh$ cao trong san xuSt con ch§m, cac md hinh rfng dung cdng ngh^ cao Idio nhSn rOng drfa vao san xuS't dai tra...
Bi lih^c phiic drfflc nhrfng han chd'nay, thM gian tdi, c l n thi^c hi$n nhiiu giai phap ddng bo.
T H U t TRANG NNCNC CUA HA N O I Theo sd Udu bao cdo cfia Sd Ndng nghidp va Phdt tridn nong thdn TP. Ha Ndi, NNCNC tff ch5 Ha Ndi chi cd chffa ddn 10 md hinh fihg dung edng nghd cao ttong sdn xud't ndng nghidp vd vide ffng dung cdng nghd mdi ehi d mdt sd khau, tM ttong 5 nam ttd lgi day, lmh vffc ndy dd cd sff phdt tridn vffdt bdc. Dd'n nay, sdn xuat NNCNC vd lidn kdt san xudt khdng ngffng dffdc khuydn khieh phdt trien. Hidn, todn Thanh phd' ed 164 md hinh san xudt ndng nghidp fihg dung cdng nghd cao, trong dd ed 109 md Mnh thupc ITnh vffe ttdng ttpt. Mpt sd md Mnh ndi bat, nhff: Nhd mdy sdn xudt ndm Kim ehdm eong nghd Nhdt Bdn cfia Cdng ty TNHH Xua't - Nhdp khiu Kinoko Thanh Cao tgi xa Dde Tin, huydn My Dffc; Md hinh sdn xua't rau thfiy eanh efla Hdp ldc xa dieh vu ndng ngMdp tdng hdp Da Td'n, huydn Gia Lam; Md hinh nudi ttdng rau thfiy canh, thfiy sdn fing dung cdng nghd cao tgi xa Yen My, huyen Thanh Tri;
Md hlnh sdn xud't gid'ng va hoa Ian Ho didp cfia Hdp tdc xa Dan Hoai, huydn Dan Phffdng... Cd the ndi, hau hd't cdc huyen deu cd md hinh didm, dem lgi gid tri cao, bao ddm chd't Iffdng xud't khiu.
Trong ITnh vrfc chan nudi, ndng dan Hd Ndi da ffng dyng thdm nhidu cdng nghd mdi, nhff: cdng nghd vi sinii, bao dam chdn nudi an toan dich bdnh, khong d nhilm mdi ttffdng... Ddc biet, ttong khau gidng da cd sff ddt phd vdi 100% gidng bd sffa, 61% gidng bd thit, 79% gidng ldn da dp dung phffdng phdp thu tinh nhan tao. Tap trung phdt tridn cdc chudi lien kdt chdn nuoi tidu tbu sdn pham, dd xay dffng va phdt tridn dffde 23 chudi lidn kd't cbSn nudi tieu thu sdn pham gdm 8 chudi lien kdt gia clm, 05 chudi Uen kd't
ldn, 01 chudi lien kdt bd sffa, 01 chudi lidn kdt bd thit.
O Iinh vtfc nudi ttdng thuy sdn, Hd Ndi cd md hinh cho an Iff dpng, kiem tta mdi trffdng, nhidt dd... dffdc tich hdp trdn didn thoai di dpng thdng minh dd gidm sdt vd didu khidn tff xa... Trien khai xay dffng cdc md Mnh nudi ttdng thfiy sdn dam bao vd sinh an todn thffe phim; md Mnh ffng dung cdng nghd cao, md hinh sdng trong ao ffng dung edng nghd nudi ea efia Isarel. Hidn nay, Thanh phd ed 15 md hlnh thupc ITnh vffc thfiy sdn fing dung cdng nghd eao.
Theo Sd Ndng nghidp vd Phat ttidn ndng thdn TP. Ha Ndi, tfnh ddn hdt ndm 2019, Thdnh phd da xay dffng vd duy tri 138 chuoi lidn kdt an todn thffc pham M sdn xua't ddn tidu thu sdn pham. Cdc chudi da thu hut nhieu doanh nghidp, hdp tdc xa, hp ndng ddn tham gia hdp tae xdy drfng chudi. Thanh phd eflng dd xdy dffng dffdc trdn 40 nhan hieu dtfde bdo hp, nhtf: gd ddi Ba Vi, gd ddi Sde Sdn, gd Mia Sdn Tdy, vit Vdn Dinh, nhdn Dgi Thdnh, ggo ttidm Bdi Khe...;
Phdi hdp vdi 21 dnh, tiidnh phd phia Bdc ttong xdy dtfng vd phdt trien chuoi eung cdp rau, thit, dam bdo an todn thffe phim tidu thu ttdn dia bdn Ha Npi; Ddng Ihdi, xdy dtfng hd thdng tmy xudt ngudn gdc san pham ndng, lam, thuy san, quan 1^, cap ma tai khoan cho cdc doanh nghipp.
*ThS., Hpi dong IHhan dan TP. Ha Moi
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cap ma QR eho cdc sdn phim cfia cd sd san xud't, kinh doanh ndng san cfia 21 dnh, thdnh dang tidu thu sdn pham ndng ngMdp tten dia bdn Thdnh phd.
Gid tri sdn pham NNCNC chidm khodng 30% tdng gid tri Sdn xud't ndng nghidp. Cae md hinh san xud't NNCNC hidn nay My quy md edn nhd, nhu^g dd dem lai hidu qua kinh tdkha cao, phfi hdp vdi thtfc Id' cfia Hd Ndi vd dang khang dinh dtfdc vi thd ttong didu kidn hidn nay. Ngodi vide fing dung cdng nghd cao ttong eae md hinh sdn xudt ndng nghidp.
Ha Npi cdn tdp trung didn khai rOng rai quy trinh san xudt an todn theo tidu chudn, nhtf: VietGAP, GlobalGAP... gdp phin tdng hidu qud sdn xudt tff 15% d«i 20% (Sd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt tridn ndng thon TP.Hd Ndi, 2019).
HAN CHE, T 6 N TAI
Tuy da dat dtfdc nhidu kdt qud ddng khich Id ttdn, song vide phdt tridn NNCNC tai Hd Ndi vin ehtfa ttfdng xfing vdi tiem nang va gap nhidu khd khdn. Cu tiid Id:
- Cdng tde quy hogch vd qudn 15', tridn khai quy hogch ndng nghiep, ttong dd cd ndng nghidp fi^g dung cdng nghd eao edn han chd'; chinh sdch khuydn khich phat tridn san xud't NNCNC da ban hdnh, song chgm ttien khai.
- San xudt ndng nghiep vin manh mfin (mac dfi da thtfe hidn "ddn didn, ddi thfia", song M duy manh mfin vin cdn tdn tgi ttong hoat ddng sdn xudt cfia ngffdi ddn), chtfa hinh tiidnh vfing sdn xud't chuydn canh tdp tmng ldn, fi:ng dung cdng nghd cao ttong san xua't ndng nghidp cdn hgn chd; ty ttpng gid tri sdn phim ndng nghidp ffng dung cong nghd eao cdn thd'p (hidn mdi dat khoang 30%, mac du da dtfdc ldp tmng nhieu bidn phdp de diu M, xdy dffng cd chd' khuydn khieh) ttong tdng gid hi sdn xudt ndng nghiep cfia Thanh phd.
- Ung dung cdng nghd eao ttong san xudt cdn chdm, cdc md hlnh fihg dung cdng nghd cao khd nhan rpng dd dffa vdo san xudt dgi ttd. Cac md hinh sdn xuat NNCNC ttdn dia bdn Thfi dd chffa da dgng vd vipc fing dun^ cdng nghd cao vdo ndng nghidp cdn nhidu ban chd', mdi ehi dffdc dng dung d mdt sd cdng doan nhd ttong chudi sdn xud't, sd chd, chd bie'n vd bdo qudn sdn pham, din dd'n ndng sud't, chat IffqJng vd gid tii ndng sdn
Ha Nyi la dia phirong di tien phong trong phat trien nong ngliiep cong nglie c.in L u.
nliung van chira hinh thanh diroc cac vCing san xuat chuyen canh tap trung l chffa eao, thidu tinh eanh ttanh; ehffa nhan rdng phd bidn thu hut diu tff dd'i vdi cdc doanh ngMdp, ttang ttgi Idn, ddc bidt la ngffdi ndng ddn. Mdt ttong nhffng kho khan Id vide diu M fing dung eong nghe cao ttong sdn xud't ndng nghidp ddi hdi vdn diu M Idn, vi vay ngffdi ndng ddn thffdng ra't khd khan vd vdn, din ddn vide diu tff cdng nghd cao vdo san xuat gap khd khan.
- Khu NNCNC ttidn khai ehdm. Ddn nay. Ha Npi chffa ed cae khu, vung san xudt ndng nghidp fing dung edng nghd cao, ttdn dia ban mdi cM ed 2 dff an dtfdc UBND Thdnh phd phd duydt ehu trtfdng diu hi.
- Ha Npi dffde danh gid Id dia phffdng cd nMeu liem nang phat tridn nong ngMdp theo hffdng cdng nghd cao, ndng nghidp sinh thdi phuc vu eho nhu eau tidu dfing efia Thfi dd vdi khodng 10 tridu dan. Tuy nMen, vide hinh thanh eae chudi Udn kd't chdm, ehd't Iffdng chudi Udn kdt ehtfa chat dan ddn sffc cgnh ttanh cfia sdn phim kdm, thdng tin sdn pham an loan dd'n vdi ngffdi tidu dfing han chd. Vide xdy dimg thffdng Mdu hang hda da dat dffdc mdt sd kd't qua, song de ed mpt thffdng hidu mgnh xdng dang vdi sdn phim dae thfi, cha't Iffdng efia san pham ndng ngMdp Hd Ndi cdn khd khan. Cdng lae quan ly nha nffde ve vd sinh an todn thffc pham, kidm soat thi trtfdng ndng san ddi vdi cac sdn phim ndng ngMdp nhgp Idiau va chuyen M cac dia phffdng khac dd'n Ha Npi edn nMeu ba't cap.
- Ngudn nhan Iffe, quan ly, dieu hanh san xudt, tidu thu san pham NNCNC eon iMdu va ydu. Phan ldn ngtfdi dan ndng thon khdng eo lay nghe, MMdng khong mud'n thay ddi; phffdng thffe san xua't van mang ngng theo phffdng phap tmyen thdng, dan ddn vide thay doi tff duy sdn xuat NNCNC cdn hgn che'...
M O T SO GIAI PHAP
Bi thfic diy phdt trien NNCNC, theo lac gia, thdi gian tdi, cln quan tam mdt sd'giai phdp sau:
Mdt Id, rd sodt, didu cMnh bd sung quy hoach sfi dung dd't cho NNCNC; chfi trpng vdo cdng tdc quy
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i TE NGANH - LANH THO
hoaeh ndng ngMdp theo vfing, theo cum, quy hogch eac khu sdn xudt NNCNC, vung sdn xudt NNCNC theo hffdng tdp tmng, quy md ldn; khin trffdng rd soat, didu ehinh lai eae vung sdn xuat rau an todn, vfing san xuat thig dung eong nghe eao; h6 ttd vfing san xuat ndng ngMdp lap tmng dp dung quy trinh ky thugt tien tidn, Udn kdt tieu thu san pham; vide trien khai, don ddc thffc Mdn quy hoach phdi dtfdc thffe hidn thtfdng xuydn; quan tam den vdn de to ehffc, phdi hdp, cM dgo hoat ddng de dam bdo eac kd hogch di vao thffe td';
thffc Mdn td't cdng lae quy hogch ddt dai, giai phdng mat bdng de tao didu kidn eho ede doanh ngMdp diu M vdo NNCNC.
Hai Id, tridn khai xdy diMg quy hoach khu, vfing ndng nghidp dng dung cdng nghd cao; day nhanh dau M cdc dff dn NNCNC, nhff: Tmng lam Gidng thfiy san fi^g dung cdng nghd eao, huydn Chffdng My; Tram thtfc nghidm vd chuydn giao ky thudt ndng nghidp fihg dung edng nghd cao; diu M cai tgo, nang cap, md rpng Tmng lam efili hp dpng vat hoang da, huydn Sdc Sdn...
Coi ttpng Iffa chpn cdc Iinh vffc, dff dn ffu tidn diu M phdt tridn NNCNC d TP. Ha Npi. Day Id giai phap mang tinh chieu sdu, phfi hdp vdi tiem Iffe khoa hpc, cdng nghd cfia Thfi dd. Tdp tmng itu tidn diu M cdc dff an phdt tridn nhffng cay, eon gidng ed ldi the'; ffu tidn dau M linh vffe cd gidi hda ndng nghidp Thfi dd.
Ba Id, hoan thidn vd bd sung cd che, ehinh sach nhdm tdng kha nang tidp can ngudn Iffe dd't dai vd vd'n efia ehfi diu M, ed ehinh sdch tfu dai hdn ddi vdi eae khu NNCNC. Ndng cao mffe tfu dai, hd trd cho cdc nhd diu ttf vao ndng nghidp, dich vu hd ttd hoat dpng edng nghe eao ttong ndng nghidp vd tang ctfdng ciiinh sdch h§ trd vd vdn lam tang tinh khd thi dd thu hut doanh nghidp dau ttf vao NNCNC.
Bdn Id, phdt tridn ngudn nhan Iffc ehd't Itfdng cao.
Phdt tiidn NNCNC ddi hdi rdt cao dd'i vdi ttinh dp ngudn nhan ltfc, mac du hidn nay ngudn nhan lrfc cfia Ha Ndi ed ehdt Irfdng mat bang eao hdn cdc dia phtfdng khde, nhffng vin dd dao tgo ngudn nhdn Iffe ddp dng vdi NNCNC la hdt sffc cln tiiid't. Dd'i vdi tfihg ngdnh, ein xdy dffng kd'hoach, npi dung dao tao cho phfi hdp.
Bdi vdi ngdnh trong trgt dng dying cdng nghf cao: Can ddo tao dOi ngfl khoa hpe, can bo quan Iy, cdn bp khuyen ndng d cac cdp; tang cffdng ddo tgo ngffdi ndng dan san xud't ttdng ttpt theo cdc Mnh thfic iMch hdp de ttd thdnh ngffdi san xuat chuydn nghidp.
Bdi vdi ngdnh chdn nudi: Diu M cho edng tdc dao tgo, ttang thidt bi cho cdng tdc thfi y, ndng cao nang ltfc cdng tdc phdng dich benh, ve sinh an toan thtfc pham; nang Iffe khdo ngMdm efla cdc tmng tam gidng vat nudi, quan ly cdc cd sd sdn xudt thffc an chdn nudi...
Bd'i vdi ngdnh nudi trdng thuy sdn:
Ddo tao, tdp hudn nang cao nang Iffc, ngudn nhan ltfc ttong sdn xudt con gidng;
md ede ldp tdp hud'n nudi ttdng thuy sdn, dao tao nghd nudi ttdng thuy sdn...
Ndm Id, da dgng hda ngudn vdn diu tff thffe Men quy hogch, xdy dtfng khu vd vfing ndng nghidp fing dung cong nghd cao; hodn tMdn he thdng tiii trtfdng; tid'p tue edi each thfl tuc hdnh chinh; tang ctfdng stf lidn ket, phdi hdp giffa ede ban, nganh, td chffe va tang ctfdng cdng tde xuc tidn diu ttf.
Sdu Id, tang ctfdng eae chinh sach hd ttd ede hoat ddng khoa bpc, edng nghd phuc vu phat trien ede khu vd vfing ndng nghiep ffng dung cdng nghd cao; lang cffdng hdp tdc qudc td ttong ngMdn cfiu, hpe hdi kinh nghidm phdt tridn NNCNC.
Diy manh chd' bidn, bdo qudn san pham NNCNC va td ehffc san xudt sdn phim NNCNC theo chuoi gid tri, xdy dihig cdc rad hinh Udn kdt ndng dan gin sdn xua't vdi chd bidn vd tidu thu sdn pham.
Khuydn khich phdt ttidn md hinh to ehffc sdn xud't edng nghe cao ttong ITnh vffc ttdng ttpt, chan nudi.Q
_ T A I L I ^ U T H A M K H A O -.-.
1. Thfi ttfdng Chinh phfi (2015). Quyit dfnh sd575/QB-TTg, ngdy 04/05/2015 vi viec phi duyfl Quy hogch tdng thi khu vd vung ndng nghiip dng dung cdng nghe cao den ndm 2020, dfnh hudng din ndm 2030
2. HDND TP. Ha Ndi (2018). Nghi quyet sd 10/2018/NQ-HDND, ngdy 05/12/2018 ve mgt sd chinh sdch khuyin khich phdi triin sdn xudt ndng nghiep. xdy dung ndng thdn mdi TP. Hd Ndi
3. Sd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt ttien ndng tiidn TP. Hd Ndi (2019). Bdo cdo sd 59/BC-SNN, ngdy 25/02/2019 vi kit qud thytc hien cong tdc ndng nghiip, ndng ddn, ndng thon ndm 2018, phuang hudng nhi$m vu ndm 2019
4. Sd Ndng nghidp va Phdt tridn ndng tiidn TP. Ha Npi (2020). Bdo cdo sd 102/BC-SNN. ngdy 30/03/2020 vi kit qud phdt trien ndng nghiip, xdy dyCng ndng thdn mdi ndm 2019. 3 thdng ddu ndm 2020; phuang hudng nhi^m vu ndm 2020 cda ngdnh ndng nghifp Thu dd Hd Ngi
5. AnhD\lting(20\S).DdulUchoNNCNC: ThdogdnhOng "nutthdt". truycaptiihttp:I/hanoimol com.vn/tin-tue/kinh-le/902266/dat-lu-eho-nong-ngMep-eong-nghe-eao