^ I * 11 I A N VA T H i r C T I J N CHlNH TRj N l / t f C NGOAl
CHUYEN DONG CUA HE HINH DIA CHINH TM OIBIENDONGVALUACHON CUA VIET NAM
• TSKH LirONG VAN Kfi
Khoa QuSc te hoc, Thtdng Dgi hge Ichoa hge xdh^ivd nhdn van, Dgi hge Quoc gia Hd Nii
1. Chuyin dpng cia hf hinh tir da phuong - da cyc den da phinmg - dffn cyc
Tinh phitc tap cua tranh chip chi quygn n-gn Bign Ddng thg hign hrgn nhigu cip dd- Trdn hg hinh phuong hda (lateral paradigm) vi cyc hoi (polar paradigm) ngudi ta thiy xung quanh vin dg Bign Ddng sy dfing tdn tpi cia nhigu trang hudng: Unh chit song phuong chen lin tinh da phuong vi cie hinh vi don phuong, bin ngoii li song phuong nhung thyc chit li don phirong, hoic ben ngoii li da phuang mi thyc chit li ludng eye, tuy thuOc vio quan digm Ipi ich va lip aitdng cia cic chu thg efing nhu bfii cinh quan hg qudc tg d ehiu A-Thii Binh Duong.
Trong 6 khi ning chuygn bign hg hinh qufie tg hoi»', t i nhung nim 30 thg ky XX, tranh chip Bign Ddng di mang tinh da phuoqgvii da cyc xgt vg bin chit vi ci hinh thic"'. Tinh da phuang vi da cyc ngiy cang gia ting sau khi
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C i c d i i n bi6n v6 ciing phdC t^p g i n d i y xung qoanh tranh c h i p Bi£n D d n g c i n dvlifc nhin n h ^ difcSri m^t gdc nhin I^ thay<ft dia chinh tri "^^i l^io '^^° ^'^tranh diSn bi£n phdc t^p dd trd n£n d§ hinh dung, di hi£u, phin i n h nhOng quy t i c dia chinh tri k h i c h quan n h i t dinh. Tr£n ctf ad c i c nh$n thiic rd r i n g htfn vi qny
l u i t dia chinh tri, c i c b£n Uto quan, n h i t l i V i f t N a m cd th£ tim ra nhflng ddi s i c h U£n minh, U£i>
k£t v i ddi trpng phit h ^ n h i m gifi vSng v i p h i t h u y l i n d i i chii quyfii cAa midc ta ddi vdi Bi£n Ddng.
Trung Qudc dung vfi lyc dinh chigm nfit cic dio trong quin dio Hoing Sa cia Vigt Nam nim 1974, vi nhit li cic hinh dfing dinh chigm 7 dio vi bii di cia Vigt Nam trdn quin dio Trudng Sa nim 1988. Ho^t dfing thim di
Lf LUAN CHfNH TRj- S< 10/2012
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vi khai thic dSu khi ngay mfit thanh cdng cua Vigt Nam 6 digm lyc dia Vigt Nam trgn Bign Ddng cing khidn eho cac bgn tranh chip can dy msuih vao tinh hinh khu vuc.
Cic quan digm da phuong, tflc theo hg hinh da phuang - da phuang, dupe cic bgn (tri Trung Qudc) chip nhin viW myc dich ed sy thfing nhit da phuong- da cyc. Nhung thyc tg cic cupc dfii tho^i giira cic nude vin chi ygu dignratheocichsong phuong vdi Trung Qude hoic kgt hpp viia song phuong via da phuong.
Vi thg, con dudng dich chuygn cia hg hinh phuong hoi cd miy khi ning li: da phuong >
don phirong > song phirong (1), hoic da phuong > song phuang > don phuong (2).
Cing khdng loai tru khi ning hg hinh niy bign chuygn qua nhigu khuc quanh theo cich da phuang > song phuong > da phuang (3) theo quan digm cia hiu hgt cac bgn lign quan (tru Trung Qufie) hoic da phuong > song phuong + song phuong (5) (theo dg nghi cua rigng Trung Qudc) mi muu dd thyc chat li theo hg hinh (2) nhim tao lap trit ty don circ d khu vyc cia Trung Qudc, ngu eac ben Ugn quan khdng du sue tao ra mdt "cue" sue manh ddi apng vdi Trung Qudc. Trgn ma tran ta thiy tuong ung vdi phuong in: sang phuang - dan cue, tinh hudng higm gap nhit vi chi cd lpi cho mfit nude ldn mi thdi.
Dfing CO don cyc hda cua Trung Qufie da khdng gap phai phin ung agu cue cia cic nude khie trong khu vyc, ngu nhu nude niy cfi sy gin bfi chit chg giiia lpi ich vg vi thg qufie tg cia mfit cudng qude thd giai vdi trich nhigm nhan vin cia hp vdi eae din tfic va dn dinh ttit tu toan ciu.
Cd thg dfing y vol nhin dinh ring, thich thic cia Trung Qufie dfii vdi thd gidi phuong Tiy vi
cic nude ttong khu vye chiu A - Thii Binh Duong khdng phii la do sy ldn manh kinh tgvi quan sy, mi li do phuong tiiic phit ttiln, liy mvc tilu biln mmh cho phuang phip cia Trung Qufie dudi chigu bii "trfii diy hda binh"™.
Ddi vdi cic nude quanh Bign Ddng, hp ip dyng mpi phuong agn kinh tg, chinh tti, ngo^
giao, quygn lyc mgm, khi ein thigt, kgt hpp quygn lyc rin vi quygn lye mgm. Cfin dfii vdi cic qude gia khie bgn ngoii khu vyc, sich lupc ehi ygu cia Trung Qudc la gio mdi nhi kinh tg, huge cic efing ty nude ngoii cd y dinh lam in vdi Vigt Nam phii lya chpn, hoic la duy tri mdi lpi ldn d thi trudng Trung Qudc, hoic dinh dfii nd vfii nhiing rii ro khi hpp tic vdi Vigt Nam.
Nguygn tic "ttdi day hda binh" ttong hinh xi tranh chip Bign Ddng cia Trung Qufie dupe quin trigt theo each rit eu thg: ding cic efing ty trign khai cic du in diu khi, dinh bit hii sin, chd bign hai sin di ddng d cic viing bign ttanh chip, thim ehi d eae vung thudc viing die quygn kinh te von khdng cd tranh chip cia Viet Nam va cic nude khac, tao ra mfit ttgng thii kigu "xdi dd" nhim ehia cit su toin vpn ehi quygn lanh thd cia cie nude va khing dinh chu quygn sai ttii eia hp. Gan diy, ngiy 23-6-2012, Trung Qudc mdi thiu qudc tg phi phip 5 Ifi diu khi nim ttong ving die quygn kinh tg cua Viet Nam, mi dia digm gin nhit chi cich bd bign Vigt Nam cd hon 30 hii ly*'. Dung cic tiu dupe mgnh danh din sugpi li "hii giim" vdn chuygn thg tu tiu chign. Neu dfii phuong khdng tinh tio, huy ddng hii quan vio cufic li mie "biy hda binh" eia hp. Liy sfi dfing ip dan, thi gan, thi dp ly nhim ha gye y chi cua dfii phuong. Sy kign tranh chip bii da Scarborough vdi Philippin tu 23-4 ddn thing 6 -2012 li mfit thi du cho chign thuit niy eia Trung Qufie.
LVLUAN CHlNH TR|-Sfl10/2012
Lt L U A N V A THirC T | £ N CHlNH TRI MOC NGOAl
Tuy nhign, sau nhflng phin ing quygt ligt tu phia Vigt Nam, Philippin vi efing luin qufie tg, Trung Qudc di budc diu chuygn sang phuang in da phuang - dan ci/c. Diy khfing phii li mfit budc Iui hay nhin nhupng, mi ehl li mpt phuong in khic dupe Trung Qufie lya chpn nhim lp?i My vi cic cudng qudc ngoii khu vyc ra khdi vdng inh hudng.
2. Chuyin d^ng tir h$ hinh da phuvng - don cyc sang da phuffng - lirOng cyc
Vl khi ning da phuong - ludng cue. Biy li phuong intdtinhungchuaphiiliiy tudng) mi cie nude Ddng Nam A dieo dudi. Theo dd ei 6
4 nude ttanh chip thufic ASEAN khdng tham gia vdi tu cich ting bgn dfic lip mi vdi danh nghia ASEAN hoic nhdm nude ttong ASEAN di dfii thofd hoic dfii ttpng vfii Trung Qufie.
K|eh bin da phuong - ludng cue khfi fliinh bdi nhflng ly do sau:
- Quy luit cia dfii tho^i bao gid cung dya trgn thye lye trong dfi dig lye cia ci hai bin 14 tuong dfii cin bing. Trong khi qui trhih ty do hda thuong m?i gifla Trung Qufie vi ASEAN di khlgn cho nhigu nude ASEAN phy thufic vio dii trudng Trung QuSc. Trong trudng hpp cing thing xiy ra, cic ndn kinh tg niy chic chin gip
Ddo Phan Vinh thugc Qudn ddo Truang Sa. Vigt Nam
bgn dgu tham gia vio dfii tho^ii, ttong dd tit ci 4 nuflc ASEAN (Vigt Nam, PhiUppin, Malaixia, Brunay) lign kgt vfil nhau thinh mpt eye, bgn kia li Trung Qudc (va cd thg gdm ci Dai Loan) thinh mfit cue khic. Nhung phuang in ly tudng li khi ning song phucmg - ludng cue, ttong dd
nhigu khd khin, thim ehi roi vio rdi l o ^ Di la chua kg dgn cic khoin tin dyng uu dii, vign ttp mi Tnmg Qufie dinh eho cic nude vdi nhitng digu kign dupe ngu ra, ttong dd cfl digu kign vg nguygn tic song phuong kigu tryc binh xe - nan hoa ttong giii quygt Bidn Ddng.
Lf LUAN CHtNH TRj - SS 10/2012
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- Gifla cic nufic ed tranh chip diufie ASEAN thigu sy doin kgt nhit tri vi hp vin khdng thg giai quygt dupe vdi nhau vin dg chi quygn ddi vol Bign Ddng. Vi thg khdng thg cd mfit phuong an chung dg dfii tho?i vfii Trung QuSc.
- Cie ben thufic ASEAN thigu mpt tiii linh that sy theo nghia mfit qufie gia cfi thye lye, cd uy tin cao, sin sing filing mfli chiu sio lim dfii ttpng vfii Trung Qudc.
- ^ tudng phfi bign 6 cic nufi^ ASEAN li mudn dgt dupe lpi ich qude gia eia minh bing cich tim kigm dim phin song phuang, hay "di dgm" vdi Trung Qufie. Trong tinh hufing bit can xung nhu viy, vai ttd cia cic cudng qudc bgn ngoii Bign Dfing ttd ngn cyc ky quan ttpng, nhit la My. Chuygn dpng dia chinh tti Bign Dfing gin diy cing td ra cd tinh chit md hon theo hudng da phuong - ludng cyc hgt sic sinh dfing, thu hit khfing chi cic qudc gia ttyc agp hgn quan dgn ttanh chip.
Trong xu thg da phuang - ludng cue hda, vai ttd cia My cd thg d 3 khi nang: 1) "Chdng lung" cho cie nude nhd ygu a Bign Ddng, cd vu vi Ugn kgt hp lai thinh mdt cyc dg dfii ttpng vfii Trung Qufie; 2) Tao ra mpt diln din da phuong hay qudc tg dg bin bac vi phin dinh phgm vi chu quygn cia cac nufifc ddi vdi Bign Ddng vi thfing nhit cic quy chg quin tri an ninh cho ty do hing hii d Bien Ddng; 3) Lgi dyng tinh thg nguy nan cia cic nufic Dfing Nam A vi sy bd tic eia Trung Qufie, dung ra nhu mpt trgng tai phan x i giua cie bgn nhung thyc chit la thoa higp vg Ipi ieh chign lupc vfii Trung Qufie hinh thinh mdt Pax CMiameriea - mfit ttit ty ludng cyc toin ciu Trang - My. Khi dd lpi ich cua cie nude khic se bi xem nhe, hi Ig thudc vio thoa thuan cia hai "dng ldn" niy.
Khi khi ning niy dign ra cd thg diy tinh thg dgn mfit budc nguy higm hon. Hign nay, chua thiy eie diu hieu ding quan nggi t i phia My, nhung nhung tin higu diu tign cia thfia thuin vg pham vi inh hudng giiia My vi Trung Qudc di dupe phit di tu hai phia mdt eich mip md. Kinh nghigm lich si t i ing xi cia cie cudng qudc xung quanh lpi ich cua cic nude nhd trong dd cd Vigt Nam khign ngudi ta phii cinh giic.
3. Lya chpn cia Vi^t Nam trong chuyin d$ng dja chinh trj Bien Dong
Vin dg Bign Ddng cin dit trong bfii cinh dia chign lupc ehung eia khu vyc vi ttong digu ehinh chign lupc cia cic cudng qude. Chign lupc vi sich lupc cia Vigt Nam ttong giii quygt ttanh chip Bign Ddng cung phai dya trgn chign lupc ddi ngogi tdng thg trong eye dign ehtoh tti mdi eiathggidindichungvi khu vuc chiu A - Thii Binh Duong ndi rigng. Trong dd, ygu id Trung Qufie chi phfii d muc dp ego, thg hign ttgn cic khia canh sau:
Nhin td dia chinh tti can ban chi phdi quan he Vigt Ngm - Trung Quoc li hai nude cd chung dufing bien gidi ca ttgn dat hen vi trgn bign.
Rigng bign gidi dit lign da dai tdi ttgn 1.400 km vdi hing nghin cdt mdc chinh va phu. Dgc digm niy khdng cd d cac din tfic khic xung quanh Bign Dfing. Vi giua cac nufi»: xung quanh BiSn Ddng vi Trung Qufie ludn cd mdt khoing cich dia ly, ttinh cho cac nude hi tic dpng lip tlic vi true dgp bdi eie chuygn ddng ehtoh tti bgn ttong d Trung Qudc. Mfit thi du li ttong lich su ttung cd, Nhgt Bin ehua mfit lin bi dg chg Trung Hoa xim lupc ngay ci dudi thdi dg chg Nguygn MOng. Nguygn nhin can bin la do cich tta cia bign. Trong khi dfi, Vigt Nam do tinh chat hdn sfing lign nii, llSn dit,
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LY L U A N V A THlfC T l i N CHlNH TRI N I / 4 C NGOAI ttong lich s i di phii chju nhigu cugc xim ling.Vi thg, vigc thfia thuin dupe mfit higp djnh bign gifii trgn bfi vi xiy dyng dupe mfit dudng bign gidi an toin, hign dgi cd thg kigm soit dupe gifla hai nude vira qua li mfit thinh efing ldn mang y nghia lichsuciachingta.
Vg dia kinh td, nhin trgn tfing thg, ngn kinh tg Trung QuSc hign nay phy thufic nhigu vio dii trufing dig gifii. Nhung trong quan hg gifla Vigt Nam va Trung Qudc, Vigt Nam hign nay phy diufic nhigu vio thj tnrdng Trung Qude ci vg nhip khiu vi xuit khiu. Ty trpng thupng mgi gifla Trung Qudc - Vigt Nam trong tfing cin can thuang mgi Trung Qufie vdi thg gifii li khflng ding kg, chi chigm khoing 1%. Trong khi dd kim nggch thuong mgi cua Vigt Nam vdi Trung Qufie chigm tfii 15% tfing kim nggch ngogi thuang. Cfi nhieu logi hing bdg mi thigu chung ngn kinh tg Vigt Ngm sg gip nhigu khfi khin, nhu linh kign miy tinh, nguygn hgu cho dgt may, hoa chit, sit thep,... Khi ning chi phfii cia Vigt Nam doi vdi thi trudng Trung Qudc li rit nhd.
Cic tuygn bd vi ung xi cia Vigt Nam xung quanh vin dg Bign Ddng cho thiy ed nhitng nguygn tic bit biln vi nhflng ygu tfi khi biln bao gfim cic lya chpn da dgng, dg hydng, ddi khi miu thuin. Vin dg d day li cin nim vflng thye chit xu thg chuygn dfing d)g chinh tri khu vye, dit lgi ich eua qufie gia trong lpi ich chung eia cic nude xung quanh Bidn Ddng vi cpng dfing ASEAN ndi ehung, dg lya chpn ding din cich ing x i dg ttanh thu Ipi ich tfii da cho dit nude.
Trong tuong quan quygn lye vi nhin thuc vg y dd chign lupc hign nay cia cie bgn, nhit li gifla Trung Qudc vi My, eie qufie gia ASEAN budc phii lyg chpn mpt cich ing xi phi hpp
nhim gdp phin tgp ttit ty cin bing quygn lyc mi khfing hi lfil kdo vio tinh hudng di vdi bin niy dg chdng bdn kia, bio dim an ninh, hoa binh dn djnh cia khu vyc. Vdi myc agu rd ring nhu thg, vigc Vigt Nam ed ting eudng quan hg vdi cic dfii tic nhu My, An Dfi hay (5xttiyUa cflng khfing nhim tgo lign minh chSng Trung Qufie, mi chi li cie giii phip dg hoi giii cic nguy eo mi Trung QuSc vi cic thg lye khic cfi dig giy ra dfii vdi chi quydn qufie gia.
Cii bit bign trudc Aft cua Vigt Namddiyli kign quygt bio vg toin ven linh thfi, ehu quygn qudc gia. Bit ky qudc gia nio eing dgu tuygn bd cic nguygn tie niy. Trong tttrtng hpp kign quygt gift vftng ehu quygn dfii vdi toin bg Trudng Sa, Vigt Nam eflng nhu Trung Qufie dgu gip trd nggi mie du Vigt Nam cd uu dig hon. Cin eu vio quy dinh eia Cdng udc vg Luit bign cia Lign hpp qufie (UNCLOS-ni), mfii lign hg vg Ijeh s i hay vigc diu tiin phit hign ra khdng cd nhigu siie ning phip ly, ngn ygu ciu chi quygn 6 khu vyc vupt qui dufing bign ngoii cia ving die quygn kinh tg EEZ it sic thuydt phyc. Giii phip mi Vigt Nam cd dig lya chpn li khdng ygu sich vung die quygn kinh tg 200 hii ly cho cic dio eia Trudng Sa, mi ygu ciu ving linh hii 12 hii ly quanh cic dio. Yiu sich niy eia Vigt Nam khie bigt vg cin bin vdi ygu sich "dudng lufii bd" phi ly vi phi phip cia Trung QuSc.
Bit bign thi bai li dya tten lugt phip qufie tg, die bigt li ttgn Cfing ufirc vg Luit bign cia Lign hop quSc (UNCLOS hay UNCLOS-lll, thing 12-1983), nhin mgnh tim quan ttgng cia vigc "chigm gifl tich cyc" cie dio hon la mSl lign hg lich s i hay quygn dau ttgn phit hign ra, Nhi nufic Vigt Nam di Ugn tye duy tri hogt dfing quin ly hinh chinh, bio vg chi
Lf LUAN CHfNH TRI - Sei 10/2012
Khai thdc ddu khi tgi them luc dfa Vi^t Nam quy§n lanh th6, tao dimg cho cu dan cdc diio
c6 m6t cugc sfing binh thuang nhu tr6n d^t li^n vdi (Ac co s& dinh cu iSu dai, nhu c6ng an vi$c lam cho nhan dan, ha t ^ g giao thong, thong tin, nha a, truong hpc, b$nh vi^n, chiia chi^n. Quan di^m va thuc tign hoat dpng thuc thi chii quyfe theo each nay ngay cang tra nin manh me hon va kien dinh hon, ma buoc tifin m6i nha la ng^y 21-6-2012 Qufie hfii Vi6t Nam da thfing qua Luat BiSn Viet Nam, bp lu^t dya hSntrenUNCLOS-in.
BSt bi^n thli ba trong quan diim cua Vi^t Nam la ]din tri giai quyfit tranh chSp b ^ g bien phdp hoa binh m£i khfing k6m theo bett ky de dpa nao. Di^u nay khac hoan toan vfii cdch iing xu cila Trung Quoc, vi trong t£[t ck cdc 1^ tuyen bfi v^ gi^ phdp cho tranh ch^p Biln Dong, Trung Qufie lufin k6m theo de dpa su dvmg vu luc.
Sy khdc biet giiia Viet Nam va Tmng Qufie Tiiu 6 day khong phai chi la sach lupc nh^t thoi, md nfi mang tinh truydn thong trong dfii ngoai.
Dilu nay, suy cho ciang diu bdt ngufin chii yfiu
tu vi th^ va tuong quan dia chinh tri giua hai nufic nhu da phan tich.
Cdi kha biin trong xu ly tranh chdp Bi^n Dfing thfi hidn ngay mpt ro net va manh me.
ChuySn biSn diu tiin ro rit nhdt tu phia Vi^t Nam la nhan thiic ngay cang r5 r$t va diing ddn hon ban chdt cua chinh sdch dfii ngogi ciia Trung Qufie, muc tieu hay tham vpng dia chinh tri ciia Trung Qufie 6 Biln Dong, cdc thii doan va phuong phdp nhdm dfic chifim Biln Dong.
Vdn d^ Biln Dong da tra thanh mfit trong nhung chuyen muc nong nhat tren cdc bdo cua nude ta, nhdt la bdo mang. Chinh phii va cdc tfi chiic xa hfii dfing loat tuyen truydn vd gido dMC vi biln ddo Viet Nam va vl chii quyln thieng lidng ciia Tfi qufie tren Biln D6ng. Cdng ngay cang cfi su nhdt tri cao giiia Nha nuac va nhdn ddn vl linh vuc ndy. Chii n ^ a ydu nufic eao ed va sdn sang hy sinh ciia tiing eon nguoi Viet Nam dd tdm thanh mpt net cfit yeu ciia hi gid tri tinh thdn dan tfic truyin thfing, nay dupe khoi ldn va tao dilu kien hoc 16 rfi hon.
LYLUANCHfNHTR!-5o10/2012
^ J I«11IAN VATHI/CTIJN CHlNHTR| NI/OC NGOAl
Chuyfti ddng tbi bai tfl phig Vigt Nam li diy mgnh nghiin ciu cic co sfi' lugt phip vi Ijch s i chigm hflu trgn cip dfi quin ly nhi nufic ddi vfii hgi quin dio Hoing Sa vi Trufing Sa.
Vigt Nam bigt cich qude tlhda vin dg Bign Dfing thfing qua cic dign din ddi thogi da phuong nhim thiic tinh du luin qude tg, kgu ggi sy dfing rinh cia cdng luin dya trgn luit phip qude tg. Vigt Nam di chuygn tu phuang thuc songpbirang\i chi ygu sang phuong thiic da phuang li chi ygu. Cich lim cia Vigt Nam mang tinh dn hda, bing nhigu hinh thflc. Mfit sfi bfii thio qudc tg vg Bign Ddng di dupe tfi chflc, cd mdi cic nhi nghidn cuu nufirc ngoii, ttong dfi cfi ci eie nhi nghign ciiu cia Trung Qufie, Dii Loan. Cho dgn thing 11-2011 di cfi 3 hfii diio qude tg ldn vg Bign Ddng dupe Bfi Ngogi giao Vigt Nam tS chuc vdi sy tham gia cua hing trim hpc gii trong vi ngoii nude.
Tinh thin chung eia cic hfii thio li lim rfi thuc chit phi ly vi phi phip eia tham vpng dfic chigm Bign Dfing thg hign ttgn "dufing ludi bd"
cia Tnmg Qudc vdi cii nhin khich quan. Vigt Nam cflng cu cic hpc gii va quan chiie tham dy cic hfii thio qudc tg d nude ngoii nhim dm hieu cie quan digm quoc tg va ngu rd nhgn thic vi lgp trudng dung din, hpp tinh hpp ly eig Vigt Ngm ttong giii quygt ttanh chip ttgn Bign Ddng.
(3iuyln ddng thu ba coy nghia to ldn ttong ling xu cia Vigt Nam li bidt cich qufie tg hoi vin dg ttanh chip chi quygn ttgn Bign Dfing vi tgo khi ning Uen minh qufie tg, nhim bio dim mfii ttudng an ninh eho hign ttgng Bign Dfing.
Quan digm dfi eia Vigt Nam dupe hd ttp bfii cfing lugn vi luit phip qufie tg. Digu 123 ttong UNCLOS-lll di ngu rfi ring: cic nude "tigp giip vfii bign kin hoic bin km phii hpp tie vfii nhau
trong vigc tiiyc hign cic quygn vi nghia vy cia hp theo quy djnh cia Cfing udc niy". Digu khoin niy cfin bd sung didm ring hp cin phii hinh dfing nhu viy mfit cich ttyc agp hojc didng qua mfit tfi chue khu vyc thich hpp'».
Vg khi ning giii quygt tranh chip bing dim phin hoi binh, cic nhi nghign ciu di ehi ra ring it nhit cfi thg ip dyng kinh nghigm cia 4 vy tranh chip song phuong didn ra d Tiy Thii Binh Duong"'. Tuy nhign, qui ttinh dim phin da phuang dg tgo ra mfit khu vyc eing phit ttign d Bign Dfing sg gian nan vi ttd nggi hon nhigu.
Sich lupc diu hai mi Vigt Nam cd dig ip dyng ddng thdi li hpp tic khai thic agm ning diukhittgnthgmlycdjaVigtNamvdieie cdng ty ddn tu cic cudng qudc ngoii khu vyc nhu Nga, My, Anh, An Dfi, Nhgt Bin. Song song voi hpp tic kmh tg li cic hpp tic da dgng vi linh hogt vg an ninh - qufie phfing, ttong dfi cfi eac chuygn vigng thim cia cic chidn hgm cvia My, An Dfi, Nga, Nhit Bin, Phip... dgn cic ving bign vi hii cing cia Vigt Nam; tign hinh cic cufic dign tip hii quin va ciru hfi chung tten bign. Trong bfii cinh mpt sS nufic Ifin, kg ci My dang digu ehinh bfi tri chign lupe toin ciu, tap ttung sflc mgnh sang khu vyc chiu A - Thii Binh Duong, nhan tfi Vigt Nam vdi vj thg dja chign lupe die bigt eia minh dupe ttah dgn sg ed lgi cho hda b'uih vi fin djnh cia toin khu vye.
ChuyftiddiigC/iirtu then chdt nhit la chuin bj nfii lyc cho nhiing tinh huSng xiu nhit Vigt Nam phii chi dfing ting cudng siic manh cho quin dfii, ci vg mit dnh thin vi vit chit, nhit li khfing quan va hii quin. Nhigu hg thdng ttang bj vfl khi, khi tii ein phii dupe "di thing Ign hien dgi hfia".
Cufii eung, digu cSn thigt nhit li cic giai phip cy thg ma Viet Nam cin tru tinh dg dfii
LfLUAN CHlNH TRI-So 10/2012
m
phd vfii nhirng ddn chinh ttj v i kinh tg t h i m higm c i a dfii phuong. Trudcblt la vach ra sich lupc hfia giii i m muu tgo rg tinh ttgng "xfii dd"
hay thg "da b i o " ttgn Bidn Dfing n h i m cfi lip hda quin dio Truong Sa, n g i n chin sy agp tg v i Ugn hg gifla d i t lign v i Trufing Sa, dg cuSi ciing diy Vigt Nam vio tinh thg "ty thua" trudc thg bao viy cua hp. Theo dd, thyc hign chign lupc bign cua Vigt Nam cin gia ting tSe dfi, die bigt phii huy dfing tfing lyc vio thigt lip cic tap doan dinh e i va ttgm thu gom chg bign h i i s i n nfii, cie dpi t u i n ngu d i n sy (tuang ty md hinh ' h i i giim' c i a Trung Qufie) vdi t i u t h i y hign dgi cd thg b i m bign dai ngiy; thidt lip cic d i n khoan v i ttgm c i n h b i o ttgn bign d cic vj tti chign lupc thupc thgm luc dja Vigt Nam; ting cudng cic phuang den di chuygn vfii tdc dp cao vi an toan n h i m b i o dam duy tti mdi lign thdng v i agp tg bgn viing gifla d i t Ugn v i cic dio cia Trudng Sa. N h i nude cin cd chinh sich ho ttp tii chinh die bigt ddi vdi t i p thg, c i n h i n tham gia vao thyc hign chign lupc bidn neu ttgn. Thuhai, ve m i t ngogi giao ein c h i dfing, dch cyc xay dyng mflt Ugn minh dia chinh trj vdi ndng cdt l i ASEAN de p h i thg "Ugn hoanh"
kigu 'ttyc nan hoa" m i Trung Qudc i m muu theo dudi n h i m thyc hien vigc "be dua timg chige" c i a hp. Vin de then chdt dd duy tti lau dai hign ttang va an ninh khu vuc la phai tii tgo sy can bing chign lupc ttgn Bign Dfing, digu ma tu dlin cic qufie gia Dflng Nam A tham gia vio ttanh chip khflng thg l i m dupe. 6 diy vai ttfl cia cac nude ldn c i n dupe huy ddng va coi ttpng. Chi cd nhu viy mdt ttit ty da phirong - ludng cue mdi that sy hinh thinh, bao d i m liu dii cho hda binh v i an ninh c i a Bign Dfing.
Vdi sy tridn khai dong bfi cac giii p h i p chign luoc, c h i c c h i n Vigt Nam cfi du thg va
luc dg b i o vg vflng chic chu quygn cua minh tten Bign DfingD
(1) Gfim: don phuong > song phuang > da phuang;
don phuong > da phuong > song phuong: song phuong
> don phuong > da phuong; song phuong > da phuong
> dtm phuang; da phuong > dtm phuong > song phuong; da phuang > song phuang > don phuong.
(2) Tham khio M. Cemilller-Gendreau; Chi quyln ttin hai quin dio Hoing Sa vi Trudng Sa, Nxb Chinh tti qufie gia. Hi Nfii, 2011, tr.53-68.
(3) Nguygn Trung: ViitNam vi dia cliinh tri thlgiM hdm nay (tham lugn tgi Hfii thio khoa hpc diufic dg tii DHQG: Ijf diuyft dia chinh tti vi dia chinh tri cia Vi$tNam hien nay Hi Npi, thing 3-2012).
(4) Khi ding cic cfing ty kilu CNOOC xam lin ISnh thd cua nufic khic, Chinh phu Trung Quoc co thl dat 2mucdich:neu dfii phuong phin ing ylu at thi Trung Qufie se cung co vi tri clligm linh va lin toi them niia; nlu dfii phuong phin ung quyet lilt va biduluancongkichthicongtyafirutiuld-onglm thim, Chlnh p h i Trung Qufie se do cho hanh vi dfi la tu y cua cfing ty chu Chinh phu Trung Quoc khfing cfi ciii dao vile do.
(5) Leszek Buazynki: An ninh Biln Ddng vi giii phip thuc t^http;//www.vanhoanghean.com.vn (6) GSm cac truong hpp: Hilp djnh Nhit Ban - Han Quoc thing 1-1974 vl cing phit ttien khu vuc chfing lan 6 vung eo biln Tsusliima: liilp dinh Malaixia - Thii Lan fliing 2-1979 vl phan dinh dudng linh hai giiia hai nufit, ttong dfi co vile diinh lap mfit CO quan phat triln chung dl quin ly khu vuc chfing lin; Higp uoc khoing ttfing Timo dupe ky giiia Oxttaylia va Indfinlxia thing 12-1989, quy dinh dianh lip mgt khu vuc ciUig phat triln o vung biln chfing lan. Sau khi Dong Timo gianh dupe dfic lip, cac cufic thuang luong vl mfit hiep ufic mfii giira (!)xttaylia va Dong Timo da din tfii su ra dM cia Hilp ufic biln Timo hfii fliang 5-2002;
Hilp dinh Malaixia - Vilt Nam vl phat ttiln mgt khu vuc thim luc dia hai nuftc cung tuyen bfi chi quyln, ky thing 6-1992.
LfLUAN CHfNH TRj-So 10/2012
