XAC OINH TUOI MAU COM
BANC PHU'dNC PHAP NHIET HUYNH OUANC TAI PHONC THI NCHIEM VIEN KHAO CO HOC
• • • • N G U Y f i N Q U A N G M I E N ' .
B U I V A N LO.AT ', T H A I K H . \ c D I N H '
M d D.AU
Gd'm la loai hien vat q u a n h'ong h'ong kliao cd hoc, nliieu tlidng tin vd ti'inli do san xuat, van hda va xa hoi cua ngUdi xUa dup'c in d a u tren dd. Trong n g h i e n cUu g d m , xac dinli tudi cua m a u ludn la mot viec klid klian, trUde den n a y chu yeu elu'a vao each so sanli de danli gia nien e!cii t u d n g dd'i cho m a u , dai tlie la m a u gid'ng n h a u thi cung tudi, m a u " d e p " tlii mudn h d n m a u "•ehua d e p " ; cae m a u g i n gid'ng nliau tlii la bat chud'e nliau song cai n a o bat chud'c cai n a o tlii ehu'a tlie cd cau tra ldi rd rang? Tmli hinli cho tliav, neu ed phu'dng p h a p nao dd cho p h e p do tudi ti'u'c tiep ti'en cac mau gd'm thi han se la dieu h u u ich eho n l i u n g ngu'di lam edng tcic khao ed va do tudi nliiet huynli ejuang (Tliernioluniinescence dating) la m o t phUo'ng phap nliu vay. Hien tu'dng nliiet huynli ejuang tii do gd'm cd da dup'c p h a t hien lan d a u c* trUdng dcii hoc Beni bo'i Grogler, H o u s t e r m a n s va Stauffer (1960) va etai hoc California (bdi Kennedy vti Knoff 1960). Lien tiep sudt nliu'ng n a m 1960 hien tuo'ng nav da dup'c n g h i e n cUu de xac dinli tudi Ccie m a u g d m kliao cd d ti'u'd'ng dai hoc Oxforel (Anli) vdi nlidm cac nlia n g h i e n eUu gom Aitken, Tile, Reid Z i m m e r m a n va Fleming), b'u'd'ng dai hoe Kyoto (Nhat Ban) la lehikavva (1965), d K'K' vdi cae ti'u'd'ng dai hoe Wisconsin, Philadelphia vdi n h d m cac n h a klioa hoc Mazess, Z i m m e r m a n , Ralph va H a n d dai hoc Denmark (Dan Mach) Iti Medcilil (1969).
Phu'o'ng p h a p na\' da dup'c nghien ciiu va ling eiung tlianli cdng tai nliieu quoc gia va deh nay e'ta cd ti'en 300 p h d n g tlii nghiem thii'c hien eto tudi m a u gd'm bang p h u d n g p h a p nay, nliung ehu yeu tai cac nUdc cd nen klioa hoe edng nghe tien tien Mv, Phap, Y, Trung Qud'c, Tliai Lan....S. Fleming (1970), M. Aitken (1985), M. Mai'tini (2002)...
Vii'a qua, Phdng Tlii ngliiem va Xac dinli nien dai, Vien Kliao cd hoc dci tliUc hien ngliien cuU ti'ien kliai ling d u n g p h u d n g phap nay tai nudc ta va mot sd' ke't qua ngliien cUu budc d i u (Trdn Due C u d n g 2008), nhiing thanli edng cd ban ciia ngliien cUu nay se d u d c trinh bay dudi day.
Ts. Vien Khao eo hoe
Truong Dai hoe Khoa hoe Tu nhien
•" Truong Dai hoe Su pham ihiiiih pho Ho Chi iVIinh
Nguyen Q u a n g Mien, Bui Van Loot... - Xac dinh tuoi mSu g o m . . .
CO SO KHOA HOC C UA PHUON(; PHAP
Nliiet huynli q u a n g la hien hi'o'ng phan tu dia't ran klii etu'o'e n u n g ndng klioang 400''C se phiit ra n h u n g lu'dng tu' anh Sting h'ong mien klia kien, hien tuo'ng nav elu dien ra vd'i chat ran Vti du'pe giai tliich bo'i sU tdn tai cac meic nang luong phu etdng vai h d nliu nliu'ng hd ba\' cae dien tu. Sd lup'ng cac etien tu thoat ra klioi Id ti'dng va bi giii' lai trong cac ba\' nang lu'dng t\' le vei'i lu'o'ng bu'c xa ion hda chieu vao mau. Sau etd neu etem n u n g m a n \'di tdc etd tiing nliiet tliich h d p se thu dUdc tin hieu nhiet huynli q u a n g va lUdng anli sang phat ra klii n u n g mau nav se tUdng etudng vdi so cac dien tu da bi giU d cac bay nang luong. So' dd bd ti'i he tiidng eto nliiet h u v n h e[uaiig d u d c chi ti'ong Hinli 1.
N h m chung, so dien tu hi giu' ti'ong cac bay nang lupng eung tuong inig vdi q u a n g Uidi gian mau bi vui trong dat da. NliU vay, khi doi Scinli lupng hue xa nluet huynli q u a n g phcit ra tU mau vdi Ccic vat chuan tlii se Xcic etinli du'ti'c klioang tho'i gian hien vat bi vai ti'ong dat. Cac klioang chiit ed kha niing bue xa nliiet huynli quang pho bien trong tu nliien la: Tlicich anli (quartz), tiu'ong thaeh (fenspat), canxi suphat (aldehyt), canxi carboimat (canxit) ...Luong nhung khocing viit nay cd nhieu h'ong ciiu tao vd h'cii dat vii khci sfiii trong n g u y e n lieu liim gd'm cd. Bieu dien hire xa nliiet huynh q u a n g cua cac hat tlicich anh trong mfiu gom ed dupe chi tren Hinh 2.
Ulnli 1. So cto nguyen Iv he do hue \J nhiet liuvnii cju.iiig (Aitken M.] l^)H5)
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Hinh 2. Tlui uliiel huynh c/iutug eiut nuiu genu eu.
Hinh 2 cCing eho thay, tlieo su gia timg eua nhiet do pho bue xa nhiet lui_\nh ejuang eua eae hat thach anli ti'ong mau gdm cd co nipt dinli kha rong tir khoang 230 "C dc-n 370"C - dudng cong kv hieu chu (a). Dieu chu y la eiua trinh hue xa nhiet huynh eiuan;', trong mau gdm cd ehi dien ra mot kin, sau \ do neu cd n u n g lai miiu Uii cung i^aing e[uan Scit thiiy dinli nliiet huynli q u a n g - d irong cong kv hieu chfr (b).
Ket qua tn>n cung cho tha\', tac dong cua vice n u n g gdm la dci lam "kiet" iihiTng tin hieu nhiet lui.Mih q u a n g dji tidi luy hiroe do cua cac hat Uiaeh anli h o n g niciu gom. Theo do, ve nguyen trie co tlie tmh dupe tudi cua mau gdm tlieo phuong tiinli.
I
A = - (1) M D
Ironj; do: I la luinij; hire \,i nhiet l u n n h c|uani', Uiu duoe lir ni.iu (so dem) (I lii iio nh.iv nhie't lui\nh c\u.\ny, eua vat lien (so di'iii/Gv)
82 Khdo cd hoc, sd 2/2009 D lii lieu ehieu hiing nam len miiu (Gy/niim)
Vii, tuoi niiy cung dupe liieu la klioang tlidi gian ke tir lan dd gdm dd diroc ddt ndng (hen 500"C gan nlicit) tdi nay. Tiiv tliude vao nliu cau do va klia niing diiet bj ma da cd klia nliieu cae giai pheip ky tiiuat ve phan tieh xac dinli tudi nliiet huynli quang eae phdng tlii ngliiem. Song, ve co ban cd tlie ejuy ve dieo
hai ky tiiuat chu yeu la ky tiiuat do tudi nliiet ^^.--' huynli ejucing ti'dn miiu thaeh anli bao die
(qucU'tz inclusion teelmiejue) Vci k'v diucit do tudi nliiet huyiili ejutuig ti'dn miiu licit min (fine
grain teelinK|ue). Hinh 3. Mo hinh Uie dong ciia cac biie .xa a, p, 1' Iruiig hat Tren ed sd eae h a n g thie't bi hien cd "'"^•'' ""'' /-/
Vci nliu Cliu eto tudi m a u gd'm tien sU nu'dc ta, cluing tdi dci lUa ehein u'lig d u n g ky diuat do tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g ti'en Ccic miiu thaeh anli bao the.
Yeu cau dciu tien ciia ky diuat Hciy Li Ccic p h e p do d u p e kim tien mau hat d i a d i anh cd kieh diiid'c tir 100 |.iiii -125 ),im vii ldp bao ngOcii cua nd etci etude bde bo bang hda hoc ete mot each gcin d u n g ed die eoi lUo'ng bu'c Xci ion hda h o n g hat diach anli elu gdm eua bu'c Xci beta, gamma Vci vu tru (Hinli .y.
N h u Vciy, phu'dng ti'inli xac dinli tudi nliiet huynli ejuang niciu gd'm cd theo ky diuat iiciy se CO eiiuig (Aitken 1985):
t=- 0,9QD/, +D.,+q.
(2)Tronj; do: P lii long luong hire xa ion hoa da chieu len mau (Gy),
D ki lu'o'ng bi'rc xa ion hoa hiing iicim tir die nguon phong xa vay eiuanh, eae ky hieu (i; y vii c tuOng ung bieu thi eae biie xa beta, gamma vii vu tru tae dong Icm mnu gom.
THUC NCJHIEiM XAC DINH TUOI MAU GOM CO TAI PHONG THI N(;HIEM
Sau khi tcich bo ld'p p h u ngOcii (khoang 2mni) d mdi mat, manli g d m mciu se duo'e lam v u n being meit Ccii etd va being cdi nici iicio. Can het sue nlie n h a n g can diein de hcieh Lim va them Ccic licit diaeh anli, boi vi muc tieu eua cluing ta Li diu du'de Ceic hat t u nliien ed kich diu'dc til' 90).ini etdn 120).iiii. Ctie licit ed kich diudc m o n g m u d n se etup'c chpn being nliii'ng chiee Sting thieh h o p , sau dd d i m g thie't bi p h a t dien - tU h U d n g de loai bo cac licit k h o a n g cd tir tinli nhe. Ctic h a t khocing canxit se etUdc loai bang d u n g dich axit clohvdric (HCI), kliocing fenspat se dupe loai being axit flohydric (HF). Chii y icing, viec ngeim trong axit flohvdric 1 gid, ngOeii viee loai bo kliOeing fenspat h o n g iiiciu cCing se him m d n leip bao ngOtii eua htit thach anh tdi m u c niti phcin nliiet h u y i d i q u a n g gay bdi Ccic hcit a l p h a se trci thanli khdng elang ke.
Nguyen Q u a n g M i e n , Bui Van Loot... - Xac dmh tuoi m d u g o m . 83
Hinh 4. Phudng pheip hdi quy tuye'n tinli Xeic dinli lidu tUdng d u d n g
'/
Toan bd qua trinli c h u a n bi m a u do tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g , cac thu tuc diu'c hien Ccin phai dUde Uim h o n g anli sang den h o n g ngoai klidng phdi sang de h a n h cac tac d d n g lam heu thocit tin hieu nliiet huynli ejuang.
a) Xac dinli lieu tich luy (P):
Cho d e n n a y , ete xac etinh lieu tich liiy h o n g niciu gd'm each p h d bien la sU d u n g p h u d n g p h a p ndi c h u a n hay cdn gpi la bd s u n g lieu (addiational dose).
Theo each l a m n a y , de d a m bao dp chinli xac, p h e p eto can d u d c lam nhidu lan vdi nhieu m a u , thu'dng can k h o a n g 25 mau vii mdi mflu cd trpng lupng k h o a n g 5 mg.
Trong dd, m d t vai m a u se d u d c d u n g de do ludng tin hieu nliiet h u y n h q u a n g tU nliien, nhiriig n i l u khcic se d u d c d i m g de do tin hieu nliiet huynli q u a n g t u nhien cd bd sung them lidu nlian tao. Tiep dd, sau klii c h u a n hda khd'i lUdiig, bieu dien giii h i c u d n g do tin hieu nliiet h u y n l i q u a n g do dUde dieo cac mUe lidu chidu va lieu tUdiig d u d n g Q se d u d c dcinh gici qua cac ngoai suy tuyen tinh {Hinh 4).
Lidu tich luy P (paleodose) nici mtiu gd'm nlian d u d c diUdng cd gia h i Idn hdn niUc lidu Q, ly d o la cd sU phi tuye'n d diem khdi dciu cua hieu Ung nliiet huynli quang.
Do Vciy, Cein cd hieu chinli Vci vii'n dd nay se du'de h i n h bciy ti'oiig Hinli 5.
Hinh 5 bidu didn deic h u l i g cua d u d n g phcit Xei nhiet huynli q u a n g diU Ceip tu nieiu thach anh sau klii dei du'de "Lim Scich" Vei chieu lieu nlicin tad'. Su d u n g gieii p h a p ngoeii suy n h u chi trong Hinh 5vd gici hi lieu tieh liiy (P) se d u d c tinli dieo cdng diuc:
P = Q + I (3)
N h u n g dd thi n h u bieu didn d Hinli 4 Vei 5 se d u p e Lim vdi nliidu v u n g klicie nliau cua d u d n g phtit xa nliiet h u y n h q u a n g Vei diu'dng dup'c kiy h u n g binli vdi 25 Lin do se nlian duoc gici tri hdu tich luy "paleodose" cho timg vimg.
D u d n g phejt xa nliiet huynli q u a n g h e n mciu thach anli bao die' t h u d n g gdm mdt dinh ddn hoiic d 325''C hoeic 375''C hoae h o p cua hai dinli nciy. Dinli 325"C duoc dai ten la dinh an " m a l i g n " bdi vi nd cd xu hUdng diay dd'i rd ret vd dd nliay giUa Lin lam sang thu nhtVt va Lin Lim Scing t h u luu. Tuc la dd ddc cua d u d n g diting trong, luu v Li Hinh 5 k h a c so
\'o'i trong Hinh 4.
/ ,/
Hinli 5. Phudng pluip hdi quy tuyeii tinli Xeic dinli hieu chinh phi tuyen dudi
84 Khdo cd hoc, sd 2/2009 Dac h'Ung phi tuye'n dudi cua hieu img nhiet huy iih q u a n g thir eiip etudc qua klieid sat sir klidng tuyen ti'nli cua cudng dp nhiet huynli q u a n g theo nhirng gia h i lieu chieu nlid va dupe danli gia dieo gia h i hieu chinli phi tuye'n d u d i " 1 " . Gia tri n a y n h a n dUde h e n eimg cac mSu song da dUdc dot n d n g d lan d o diu. Va, ciing n h u d u d n g nliiet h u y n l i q u a n g chi ti'dn Hinli 4 mdi so lieu tren Hinli 5 c i i n g cin etude lay ti'ung binli t u Veii p h e p d o .
Ceic p h e p do nliiet h u y n l i q u a n g dup'c tiiuc hien h'en mciy d o RGD - 3a Vci t u d d n g hieu ehuein vdi n g u d n " c h u a n p h d n g xa tai p h d n g dii n g h i e m Vien Klieio cd hoc, d<ip Ung nliu Ceiu do cac lidu chie'u xti miic dia'p. Ngoai ra, he didng dot m i u ciia diiet hi cdn d u d c g i a m nliieu bang d d n g khi nitd n e n cd klia n a n g ghi n h a n va phat hien td't eae ti'n hieu nliiet huyaili q u a n g hi' Ccic m a u gd'm ed (Anli I).
b) Xac dinli lupng lidu chie'u beta hang nam (Dp):
De' xac dinli l u d n g lieu chie'u do bii'c xa beta being iicim len niciu e h u n g tdi sU d u n g giai
Anhl.
May do nhiet huynh quang RGD-3A
Anh 2. Anh 3.
May do lieu chieu beta Tricarb May do lieu chieu gamma vd vu tru DKS-96 2770TR/SL
Anh 4. Anh 5.
Xac dinh lieu hdng ndm Mdu gdm do tudi d di chi Xdm Ren bdng may phd gamma 4 kenh GMP-100
Hinh 6. Do ddi sanh tuoi nhiet huynh quang vd tudi C"
Anh 6. Mdu do tudi d di chi Thdnh Den (Phu Tho) Anh7. Mdu do tuoi ddi chi Dong Ddu
N g u y i n Q u a n g M i e n , Bui Van Loat... - Xac dinh tudi m d u g o m . S5 pheip do hoeit d p beta being nieiy do nliap nlieiy long Tri-carb 2770 TR/SL. Thutin ldi cua p h u d n g pheip n a y la cd die' phein tich dup'c ddng didi lup'ng lieu do beta hay anpha gay ra, lUdng mSu ddi hoi it, ed the' lam vdi tiing nieiu gd'm va cd did Lim ngay vdi Ceic thiet bi teii phdng dii nghiem Vien Klieio eo hoc (Anli 2j.
c) Xae dinli hrp'ng lieu chie'u gamma va tia vd ti'u hdng nam (D +DJ:
Lu'dng hdu chieu hting iicim do bu'c xa g a m m a va tia vii h u gciv ra ttii diem Liv iiitiu gd'm dup'c Xtie dinli being p h d n g xa ke lotii DKS - 96 do Lien Xd scin xuci't vdi dciu dd Nal(Tl) hinli h u h d n kich t h u d c 30 x 30mm ed khci nang phtit hien kha hieu quei Ccic ngudn bu'c xa g a m m a cd dtii iicing l u d n g tu 50 - 3000keV vdi cudng etd hi' 1 - 2|.iR/h den 3000 uR/li, phu hop vdi cdng tcic Xcic dinli lidu ngay teii liien h-udng khao cd' hoc) (Aiili 3).
NgOcii ra, nliam so sanli va nang cao kha nang xac dinli hidi mau gdm ed' tai Ctic etia diem klidng cd kliti iiting dua diiet deh do h'Ue tie'p, d i u n g tdi dci tiiu'c hien diem guii phap phan tidi Xeic dinli ludng lieu cliid'u Xci hang nam thdng qua Ccic phep do tiianli ph^n Ctic nguven td phong xa urtTii, diori Vci kali tiong dci't being tiiiet bi pho ke gamma 4 kenli GPM - 100. Gitii pheip Ueiy du'o'e tiiUc hien tai phdng nghiem klii klidng cd didu kien eto hue tidp ngoai tiiu'c etia (Anli 4).
KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
a) Kei qua kiem tra dp dn dinli cua quy h'iiih kv diuat
Do on dinh eiia quy trinli phein tieh dupe eLinli gia didng qua Ceic phep do hip, nghia Li eltinh giii sU sai Iditic cua Ctic ket e[ua eto cung niciu vdi cimg mdt quy ti'inli didng illicit nliu' nhau, ket qua chi trong Bang 1.
Bdng 1. Ket qu.i k i e m tr.i dcinh gi.i dd on dinh cua quy t n n h time hien
TT (n) 1 2
^
4 5
(i
7 H 9 10 I I 12 1.^
14 15 16
M i n i d o X O . K T , G T . K I , G T . K T , G T . K T , BB.KT, BB.KT, T B K T , T B . K T , SC"H.KT, SCHKT=
XR.KT, XR.KT, UOD.KT, T D K T , LL.KT, LL.LL_,
So liieu elo rL-200621 i'L-200625
•rL-2l)0h28 TL-2l)()6,^U T1-200631 TL-2006.'^.'^
TL-2006.'^4 TL-200(i35 TL-2l)()637 TL-200639 TL-20l)h41 TL-2l)0(i4.3 TL-2l)0647 TI.-21)(I654 TL-21K)658 J'L-2(H)bhl
Kel e|ua do t i n 1 (X,)
2092 1204 194(1 2050 .•^457 2995 11.3(1 1246 1943 2041 3282 3276 3029 3541 2322 2020
Ket c]u,i do Lin 2 (X,)
1958 1099 2057 1989 2995 3370 1215 1136 2041 1905 .3486 2992 3323 3187 2020 2369
C 111 so sai kh.ie (X,-X:)''
17956 11025 12321 3721 21.3444
140625 6241 12100 9604 18496 41616 80656 86436 125316 91204 121801
(X,+X,J 4050 2303 4003 4039 6452 6365 2351 2382 3984 3946 6768 h26^
6352 6728 4342 4389
86 Khdo cd hoc. sd 2/2009
Su d u n g cdng tiiu'c:
P = \2ii-\
Z(V,„
•\',„d-.vl()0% (4)
;I(.V,
+ vDanli gia b u d e d^u qua 16 m a u kiem h a h e n eho diei\' q u y hinli p h a n tich ciia phdng thi n g h i e m ed klia n a n g cho p h e p etat etude eae ke't qua do \'di sai so p h e p nlio eludi 10%. Ke't qua ntiy tuy con t u d n g ddi Idn so vdi yeu ciu nghien ciiu kliao cd, song n e u dup'c trang hi mtiy eto tdt h d n vti bd s u n g t h e m kinli n g h i e m qua qua hinli lam \'iec thi h o a n toan ed die giam dup'c tiiap ho'n (Nguydn Q u a n g Mien 2007).
b) Ket L]ua kiem h'a do ddi sanli vdi phu'o'ng phap carbon phdng xa
Phuo'ng pheip carbon p h d n g xa (C") la m o t phu'o'ng pheip t r u v e n thd'ng del dup'c kheing dinli cd d p dn etinli vti etd chinli xtic cao, dci etude sU d u n g p h d bieh h o n g nu'eie Vei qude te, de kiem tra sU p h u h d p cua nliihig ket qua eto tudi nliiet h u v n l i q u a n g vd'i phu'o'ng p h a p nay c h u n g tdi d a lua chpn p h a n tich xac dinli tudi nieiu g d m d m d t sd dia d i e m dti cd tudi C ' ' . Ket quti sd sanli n a y etude chi h o n g Hinh 6.
Hinli 6 eho thay da cd sU tu'dng ejuan tdt giu'a nliUng ket quti eto tudi irieiu gd'm bting p h u d n g phtip nliiet h u y n l i q u a n g vd'i nliu'ng ke't e|ua xtic dinli tudi bting p h u d n g phtip eai'bon p h d n g Xel, diiiiig to klia n a n g tip d u n g hUu hieu quy hinli nay tcii p h d n g tiii n g h i e m .
c) Ke't qua kic?m tra do ifdi .'idnli vdi phong dii nghiem nudc ngoai
De etcinli gici ket qua do, c h u n g tdi cung etei gui mdt sd m a u gd'm tdi p h d n g tiii nghiem cua h u d n g Dai hoc MiLuio (Italv) nlid bein phcin hell giup, ket quei etudc chi h o n g Bang 2 (Marco Martini, Vd Xuein Q u a n g 2006).
Bdng2 So sanh ket quii do tudi mot so mau gdrn vd'i p h d n g thi nghiem MUano (Italy) TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Mau do
02.HT.M|
02.MT.M, 02.MT.M, 02.GT.M 02DD. M, 02.HT.K1_,
Kei quii ciia phong thi nghiem Vien Kh.io CO hoc
TL-200662 TL-200663 TL-200664 TL-200626 TL-200647 TL-200665
I210±210AD 1050 ±120 AD 1340 ±115 AD 60 ± n o AD 1520±180BC 1230 ±130AD
Ket qua cua phong thi nghiem Milano (Italy) D2121
D2120 D2122 D2123 D2124 D2125
1050 ± 110 AD 1220 ± 100 AD 1450 ± 5 0 AD
50 ± 150 BC 1800 i 250 BC 1350 ± 8 0 AD Ket ejuci do ddi stinli h o n g Bang 2 b u d c dciu cho thay, da cd su tUdng ling ve tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g giua hai p h d n g tiii nghiem. Do vay, ne'u cd nhUng etau t u diich h d p vd h a n g thiet hi e h u n g ta h o a n toan cd klia n a n g diuc hien d o tudi nhiet h u y n h q u a n g niciu gdm klitio CO vdi d p chinli xac tuo'ng d u d n g vd'i cae p h d n g dii n g h i e m qud'c te va kliu vuc.
c) Ket qua do tudi mau gdm trong mcpt so cli chi kliao cd hpe - Tiiu'c nghiem eto tudi m a u gd'm di d n Xdm Ren.
Di chi Xdm Ren p h a n bd h e n m d t ddi tiiap vti kha tiioai m a n g ten Xdm Rdn, each sdng Ld chifng 1 k m ve phia tay. Day la m o t di tich kliao cd cd tang v a n h d a d a y vti didn p h a n bd' rdng, diudc giai d o a n sd ky Kim khi Bac Viet N a m . H i e n d a cd 6 m a u g d m cd diu d i a p tai di
Nguyen Q u a n g Mien, Bui Van Loot... - Xac dinh tuoi mau g o m .
tieh nay du'de d u n g ete thi n g h i e m eto tudi nliiet hu-iaili q u a n g being ky diueit diaeli anli bao die (Anli 5). Cac nieiu tuy klieic nliau ve loai liinli va chat lieu song deu dup'c Liv trong cung mot Idp vSn hda n a m d etd sau 0,8ni va da etude che phii bdi ldp etat klici etdng illicit
Chi sd eto c u d n g dp biic xa g a m m a tii mdi ti'Udng etat dci Veiy quanli iiiciu, tinh dieo be nicit di tich (klidng gian 27r), tai vi h i lay m a u sau khi dci hieu chinli tiieo d u d n g chuan sutit lieu Iti 15|.iR/h va giti ti'i c u d n g do biic xa tia vii ti'u Li 2|.iR/li. Dp cim cua mdi ti'Udng dcit da bao quanli va ciia m a u gd'm d u d c xac dinh bang each lay m a u eta't ve phdng Vei do dieo phuo'ng pheip can ty h p n g , tai p h d n g thi nghiem da cho ket qua la la 15%. Hotit do bu'c Xci beta trong nidi m i u gd'm cd' eta etude xac dinli bang each do bang detectd n h a p nlieiy long tien max d o T n - c a i ' b 2 7 7 0 T R / S L .
Tu nliUiig gici ti'i eto du'de ti'dn, sau klii liieu chinli dp tim tinli du'oc gici bi Ceic sucit lieu hue \a beta, geunma va tia vu tnj hang nam ttie dung len mau gd'm, ket e[ua dupe elu b'ong Bang3.
Bang 3. Gia tri suat lieu chieu h a n g nam trong di chi Xom Ren T T
1 2 3 4 5 6
M a u d o 2005XR, 2 0 0 5 X R , 2 0 0 5 X R , 2OO5XR4 2OO5XR5 2005XR,,
Dp ( m G y / n a m ) 2.524 ± 0.097 2.677 ± 0.086 2.584 ± 0.095 2.533 ± 0 . 0 8 0 2.636 ± 0.088 2.589 ± 0.099
Dy ( m G y / n a m ) D , ( n i G y / n a m ) 2.244 ± 0.075
2.244 ± 0.075 2.244 ± 0 . 0 7 5 2.244 + 0.075 2.244 ± 0.075 2.244 ± 0 . 0 7 5
0.150 ± 0 . 0 1 5 0.150 ± 0 . 0 1 5 0.150 2:0.015 0.150 + 0.015 0.150 ± 0 . 0 1 5 0.150 ± 0 . 0 1 5 Trong Bang 3 ke't quti do biic Xea g a m m a va tia vu h u du'ei'c tinh chung cho ca 6 nieiu, ly do Li Ceic biic xa h'en cd kliei neing h u y d n qua rti't Idn Vei hciu n h u klidng dia\' ddi h o n g pham vi khu vuc Liy nieiu, gici tri lieu beta dUp'c tinli qua mtiy do phdng xa beta Tricarb - 2770TR/SL.
Lu'dng bdt gd'm nlicin du'de sau quei trinli xU ly h e n se du'ei'c chia deu Veio Ceic dug dulig (capsule) chuyen d u n g dtuili cho Ccic p h e p do biic xa nliiet huynli q u a n g d Ceie nuie lieu: 5Gy, lOGy Vci 20Gy. Ctic mUc lieu dd Xcic dinli hieu chinli phi tuye'n dudi Li: IGv, 2Gy Vei 3Gy.
Ngudn chieu lidu bd s u n g Ueiy Li ngudn phdng xa cobalt-60 ('^'Co) tcii Benh vien K (Ha .Mdi).
Gia hi lu'dng lieu hi'dng dUdng (Q) Vei lidu hieu cliinli phi tuyen dudi (I) h o n g mdi niciu gdm dUde Xcic dinh being p h u d n g p h a p hdi qui hiyen tinli (Hinli 4, 3). Cia hi lieu tieh liu' (P) h o n g nieiu du'de Xeic dinli theo edng tiiu'c 3 vti du'de elii trong Bang 4.
Bang 4 Ke't q u a xac d i n h cac lieu tich luy t r o n g m a u g d m di chi Xdm Ren TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Mail do 2005XR|
2005XR, 2005XR, 2005XR, 20l)5XR=, 2005XR,,
Q (niGy) 14,47 ± 0,40 14,23 ± 0,40 14,84 + 0,41 1.3,06 ±0,37 13,68 ±0,39 15,12 ±0,42
I (mCy) 0,84 r 0,04 0,68 r 0,03 0,62 r 0,04 0,82 ± 0,03 0,58 ± 0,03 0,64 ± 0.04
P (mGy) 15,31 ±0,44 14,91 ^0,43 15.46 r 0,45 13.881 0,40 14.26 ±0.42 15,76 ±0.46 TLI' nhihig gici hi thu d u d c nliU neu h o n g ctic Being 3, 4 tiieo cdng tiiii'c (3) Xcic dinli d u p e tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g cho Ceic mtiu gdm nliU sau (BMig 3).
ss
Khdo cd hoc, sd 2/2009TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
^mig 5. Ke't qua xac dinh tudi 6 mdu gdm trong di chi Xdm Ren Mau do
2005XR, 2005XR, 2005XR, 2005XR, 2OO5XR5 2005XR,,
Tuoi (nam)
3282 ±176 3 1 0 4 r 160 3276 x 1 7 5 2969 ± 1 5 3 2992 ±156 3337 ±180
Ghi chu
Chtie gdm m i u iitiii do Vti phu liot Vcing C Gdm ti'dn m i u nau Xtim elom eten JGdm van ehai, m i u nciu Veing elom ti'ang
Gdm van chai, mau nau xcim elom trcing Goin van chai, mau nau vang etdm b'ang Gdm Vein ditii, nitiu nau Xtim etdm ti'ang - TliUe ngliiem do tudi m a u gd'm eli chi Tlianh Den (Phu Tiip)
- Di ehi T h a n h Den p h a n b d tren dinli va sUd'n cua m d t gd eta't nlid d xa Cad Xei, h u y e n Lam Thao (Phu Tiip), trong dd da p h a t hien etupc nliidu m a n l i gd'm vdi n l i u n g locii hinli Vci kieu d a n g kliac nliau. Kliu vUc lay m a u gd'm do tudi cd ctia t^ng d u d c cau tao g o m etat bdt niciu Veing, vting sam xen lan cac manli gd'm. Da't nay Li stin p h a m p h o n g hda dang Ferosialit tii da ti'dm tich luc n g u y e n vdi cac tiieinh p h a n klioang vat chu yeu Iti thaeh anli, kaolinit, gdetit, hvdrdmica... Ctic klidang vat Heiv cung tiitiv xuat hien nliidu ti'ong mtiu gdm ehiilig td n g u y e n lieu lam g d m Tiicinli Den dup'c kliai tiicie gan dd.
Hien etei ed 5 m a u duo'c d u n g de dii nghiem eto tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g bang ky diuat thach anli bao tiie, Ceic m a u tuy kliac nliau ve loai hinli Vei elicit lieu song eteu dup'c lay h'ong c u n g mdt ld'p v a n hda n a m d dp sau 0,8m vei etei dup'c che phii bdi l d p etat kliti d d n g nliat. Ceic mail gd'm do tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g etude thu thap d cac manli etd etimg ed d p eitiy klioang 0,5em, nieiu etd h d n g , ben ngOcii h a n g h i Vein in d a p , kliac vtich in cheim, miet Ling, h o n g dd cd mdt hien Vcit eleing chac g d m (Anli 6). Clii so do c u d n g do biic xa g a m m a t u mdi hud'ng etat etci Vciy quanli sau klii dti hieu chinli Li 13|.iR/li, gia h-j cud'ng dp biie xa tia vii h u Iti 2 p R / h , dp am trong dat Xcie dinli tiieo etin ty h p n g la 157o, hotit dp biic xa beta ti'ong m a u etude xtie dinli being mtiy Tri-carb 2770TR/SL. Theo etd, sau khi hieu elunli etd a m cac gia ti'j suat lieu beta, g a m m a Vci tia vu ti'u being neim tcic d u n g len nieiu gd'm etude chi b'ong Bting 6.
Bdng 6. Gia tri suat lieu chieu h a n g nam trong di chi Thanh D e n
T T 1 2 3 4 5
M a u d o 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M j 2OO5TDM5
D|; ( m G y / n a m ) 2,776 ± 0,093 2,737 ± 0,095 2,819 z 0,095 2,771 ± 0,095 2,670 r 0,090
Dy ( m G y / n a m ) 1,945 ± 0,060 1,945 ± 0,060 1,945 + 0,060 1,945 ± 0,060 1,945 X 0,060
D j ( m G y / n a m ) 0,150 ±0,015 0,150 ±0,015 0,1 50 1:0,015 0,150 ±0,015 0 , I 5 0 ± 0 , 0 1 5
Trong Bang 6 kdt quti eto biic xa g a m m a va tia vii ti'u etude tinli c h u n g , gici h i sueit lieu beta h'diig nitiu d u d c tinli qua p h e p do boat dp beta tren nieiy eto Tricarb - 2770TR/SL (Nguydn Q u a n g Mien, Biii Van Loeit 2007).
Lup'ng Ccic licit thaeh anli bao die thu dUp'c sau quti h'inh xii ly se d u d c chia vtid cac capsule c h u v e n d u n g dcinli ete dd h n hieu nliiet h u y n l i q u a n g vdi cac niiie lieu cdng diem:
5Gy, lOG)' Vci 20G\'. Ceic m u c lieu chie'u de hieu chinli phi tuye'n d u d i Li I G y , 2Gv Vei 3Cv, n g u d n ehieu Li n g u d n cobalt - 60 d Benh vien K (Hei Ndi). Gici tri lieu t u d n g d u d n g (Q) vei lieu hieu chinli phi tuven du'di (1) h o n g niciu dup'c Xeic dinli being p h u d n g p h a p hdi quv
Nguyin Quang Mien, Bui Van Loot... - Xac dinh tudi mdiu g o m . 89
tuyeii hull, true d u n g Li ctic ket e[Uei do c u d n g dp biic Xei nliiet huynli q u a n g true ngang Li nhiing giti tri lidu chieu bd s u n g [Hinh 4 va 5). Sau dd, tiieo cdng tiiiic (3) xae dinli dup'c timg gici hi lieu tich luy (P), kdt eiuti d u d c elii ti'ong Bang 6.
Bang 7. Ke't qua xac dinh lieu tich liiy trong m a u g d m Thanh Den
TT 1 2 3 4 5
M a u d o 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M , 2 0 0 5 T D M j 2OO5TDM5
Q (mGy)
1 5,65 ± 0,47 14,39 ±0,43 14,81 ±0,44 13,16 ±0,39 13,60 ±0,41
1 (mGy) 0,61 ± 0,03 0,82 X 0,04 0,70 + 0,03 0,M ± 0,03 0,73 ± 0,04
P ( m G y ) 16,26 + 0,50 15,22 ±0,47 15,51 ± 0.48 13.80 ±0,43 14.33x0.44
Tif nliUng gia ti'i ti'inli bay h o n g Bang 6 vti 7 tiieo cdng tiiu'c (2) xae etinli etup'c tudi nliiet huynli quang cho cac m a u gd'm sUu tap h o n g di chi, ket qua dup'c hinli bay h o n g Bting 8.
Biing 8. Ke't qua xac dinh tudi mau gdm trong di chi Thanh Den
TT 1 +2 3 4 5
Mau do 2005TDM, 2005TDM, 2005TDM, 2005'IDMj 2OO5TDM5
Tuoi (nam) 3541 ±196 3338± 188 3348 ± 186 3009 ± 168 3187 ±178
Ghi chii
Oleic gdm iiitiii nau haig, xiicrng eo nhieu hat nieiu vang nlial Glim niciu nau xam, xUdng co Ctie hat khocing mau tiang Manh mieng, khong hoa Vtin, mau nau loi
Vein in eliam, mau hong nhai nliieu ctom b'tlng Vtin eheii, iii<iu hdng nhat nhieu doin trc'ing - TliuV nghiem do Uidi mau gd'm di chi Ddng Dau
- Di ehi Ddng Deiu iieini h e n mdt gd da't cao tiiueie didn Ddng Hai, Xei Minli Ttin (nav la thi trtin Yen Lae) h u v e n Yen Ltic, hull Vinli Phiic. Trong di chi Ddng Dtiu dd gei'm chiem tv le Idn va Iditi phong phu, c h u n g ehii veu du'o'e lam hi' deVt set pha diem cat khd. Gdm nting va chiic, it diei'ni nUdc, dp culig h u n g binli tii' 2,5 - 3,5, cluing td d i du'de nung va xu ly nluet d trinh dd khci eao. Vd niciu stie, da phein gd'm cd nieiu Xeiiii nciu, iiciu xam hoeic Xeim den. Hien da cd 5 nieiu dup'c do tudi nliiet huynli quang, Ccic nieiu tuy klieic nliau ve loeii liiidi Vei ehcit lieu song deu duOc Liv d etd Stiu 1.5 m (Aidi 7)
Giti hi c u d n g dp bu'c Xei g a m m a do h e n nicit sau klii dci hieu chinli Li 17).iR/h, gia hi cudng dp biic Xei tia vu tru c h u n g h o n g kliu vu'e Li 2).iR/h, dp a'm ciia dcit bao quanli Li 15%, boat dp biic xa beta h o n g niciu du'o'e xeic dinli being may do Tri-carb 2770TR/SL. Ket qua tinli lieu bu'c Xi.1 beta, g a m m a Vei tia vu tru being neim d u d c chi h o n g Bang 9.
Bdng 9. Gia tri sucit lieu chieu hSng nam trong di chi' D o n g Dau
TT 1 2 3 4 5
M t i u do 2l)05UU, 2 0 0 5 U U , 2 0 0 5 U U ,
2005DDj 2OO5DD5
D|i ( m G y / n a m ) 2.830 ± 0.099 2.673 ± 0.095 2.774 + 0.092
2.810 ±0.103 2.772 ±0.095
Dy ( m G y / n a m ) 2.244 ±0.075 2.244 + 0.075 2.244 ±0.075
2.244 ± 0.075 2.244 ± 0.075
D_ ( m G y / n a m ) 0.150x0.015 0.150 r 0.015 0.150 • 0,015
0.150 + 0.015 0.150 ±0.015
90 Khdo cd hoc, sd 2/2009
C u n g n l i u d cae di tich h e n , h d i i g Bang 9gia h i biic xa g a m m a vti tia vii ti'u dup'c ti'nli c h u n g eho ea 5 m a u , gia h i lieu biic xa beta h o n g mdi m d u gd'm dup'c tinh tiieo hocit d p beta being niei\' do Tricarb- 2770TR/SL (Nguven Q u a n g Mien, Bui Vein Locit 2007). Lup'ng eae htit thach anh bao the thu du'o'e sau quti h i n l i xii lv se d u p e ehia \'cio cac c a p s u l e c h u y e n d u n g elanh de do hn hieu nliiet hu'V'iiJi e]uang vd'i Ceie m u e lieu edng them: 5Gv, lOGv Vci 20Gv. Ctic miic lieu chieu de hieu chinli phi tuye'n d u d i la 1G\', 2G\' va 3G\', n g u d n chieu la n g u d n eobalt-60 d Benli vien K (Hti Ndi). Giti h'i lidu tuo'ng etudng (Q) Vci lidu hieu chinli phi tuyen duei'i (I) trong m a u d u p e xtie d i n h b a n g phuo'ng p h a p hdi ejuv t u v e n h u h , h u e d u n g Li Ceic ket qua eto cu'dng d o bu'c xa nliiet h u v n l i q u a n g h u e n g a n g Li nliihig gici tri lieu chieu bd s u n g [Hinli 4 va 5). Sau etd, dieo cdng duie (3) xtie etinli etu'o'e tuiig gici h i lieu hell liiy (P), ket e[ua etu'o'e chi h o n g Bang 10.
Bang 10. Ket q u a xac dinh lieu tich liiy trong mau g o m D o n g D a u
T T 1 2 3 4 5
M a u do 2005UD|
2 0 0 5 D D , 2 0 0 5 D U , 2 0 0 5 D U j 2 0 0 5 D U ,
Q ( m G y ) 14,26x0,42 15,28 ± 0,46 14,79 + 0,44 15,28 ±0,45 14,35 + 0,43
I ( m G y ) 0,71 ± 0,04 0,67 ± 0,03 0,67 X 0,04 0,72 + 0,04 0,74 ± 0,04
P ( n i G y ) 14,97 ±0,46 15,95 + 0,49 15,46 + 0,48 16,01 x 0 , 4 9 1 5,09 ± 0,47
T u n h i m g kei quei Being 9 Vei 10, theo cdng thiic (3) Xeic dinh du'o'e tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g eho n b u n g nitiu g d m lei\' tai di elu nei\' nliu sau {Bang IT).
Bdng 11. Ket qua xac d i n h tudi 5 m a u gdm t r o n g di chii D o n g D a u
T T 1
-)
3 4 5
M.iu d o 2005UU, 2 0 0 5 D D , 2 0 0 5 U U , 2005UDj 2 0 0 5 U U .
T u o i (nam) 3029 ± 1 5 9 3323X 175 3161 X 164 3251 X 173 3086 X 161
1 G h i chu
G d m min ehae, niiit t i o n g hong, nicit ngoai man xam toi G d m llic'i. Vein ehai, nicit ngoai man xam trong tron nhiin G o m tlio, Vtin eheii, mSt ngoai mau xam, xUong eung ehtie.
G d m tlio, Vtin eheii, ngocii mau xam, xuolig man x,im, ho.
CA'IIII mill, elitie, ngOeii CO wincJiai nlio mau xam, bong nlitin i
- Thao lutin budc dtiu ve nliUiig ket qua eto tudi ben
Trong Ccie h d kliai queit, dieinh phcin vat lieu h a m tieh etdng nliat tiii ed die eoi Ceic giti tri c u d n g dd biie xa g a m m a Vci tia vu tru nliU la h a n g so cho unit v u n g klidng gian h e p bein k m h - 20eiii quanli etiem Liv m a u tiii ngliiem. Trong mdi eli ti'eh, gici h i lieu beta h o n g Ceic nieiu khae nliau klidng Idn, cluing to Idiei n a n g cae dd gd'm nay d u d e lay t u m d t n g u d n vtit lieu.
Lu'dng etdng gdp lidu eua bit'c xa beta h o n g niciu tiicich anh bao the eiing eao hdn so vd'i bii'c Xei beta, trong nghien eu'u iici\' tuo'ng ling vdi ciic di ti'ch Xdm Ren, tiicinh Den Vei Ddng Deiu Li 1,22; 1,17 Vei 1.34.
N h u n g kdt ejua tiii nghiem p h a n tieh xtie dinli tudi nliiet h u v n h q u a n g m a u g d m h o n g eae ^aiie, 4, Bang 7va Bang 10dd eho tiiei'y cd sU phtin biet giifa Ceic nieiu gd'm d cac di tieh klieic nhau: N h d m nitiu geim d di ehi Xdm Rdn cd tudi tif 3337 BP - 2969 neim; N h d m imiu gdm d di
N g u y i n Q u a n g Mien, Bui Van Loot... - Xac djnh tuoi m d u g o m . . . 91
chi Thanli Den (Phu Tlio) cd tudi 3541 BP - 3009 BP; N h d m m i u gdm d di chi Ddng Dciu (\'inh Phiic) cd tudi 3500 BP - 3000 BP. M i i n chung, nliUng ke't qua do nay phu hp'p \'di danli gia trudc dciy ve didi gian d nliihig di tich nciy.
Ket luan va kie'n nghi
a) Nliimg nghidn cUu ly tiiuyet, diuc nghiem Vci ket qua do kiem trong nu'dc \'a eiue'ie te dei ehii'ng to tiiUc hien p h a n tieh xtic dinli tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g nieiu gd'm ed theo kv diuat thcich anil bao the ( Q u a r t z inclusion technique) la gitii pheip ed kha iieing cho do iilia\' \ a chinli Xeic cao, p h u hp'p vdi n h u cau xac etinli tudi mau gd'm h'ong nghien ciiu khao cd \ a tinli h m h trang thiet bi tiii n g h i e m hien nay d nu'dc ta. \'at lieu tiiich h o p elung eho do tudi nhiet hu\'nli q u a n g la ctic etd g d m cd thudc giai etocin tien - sd sU. Ccic m a u gdm iia\ thu'dng eo deic ti'nli c h u n g eld nlian la elicit lieu thd, cUdng do chiu luc klidng cao, de bd vun, de ngeini nude, ti'dn be mat g d m van tiiay ndi rd etie hat Scin kieh tiiudc den t u 50 um - 200 pni.
b) De viec xtie dinli tudi nliiet huynli q u a n g mau gd'm ed dcit hieu qua cao, trong giai etoan hien nav cdng ttie nav nen tap h'uiig vao ctic di ehi khao cd cd tcing \'an hda eiav, dn dinh, iihiiiu hien vat gd'm va etat n u n g . Nen tieh hanli phan tich nliieu niciu (it nliat 10 nieiu) tren nidi loai hinli can tiiUc hien eto tudi eho tat eti etie loeii hinli dd gd'm cd ti'ong eli ti'ch. Chu treing kiem ti'a so siinli vdi etie p h d n g thi nghiem kheie (ti'ong nUde eung nliu qudc te) eiing nliu' \'di Ceie phu'dng pheip kheie nliam tirng bude liOein thien Vci phtit h u y hieu e[ua cua phu'dng phap e1o tudi nay.
e) Ngotii khci n a n g cho biet tudi eiia dd gd'm, phu'o'ng phtip ntiy cdn cung Ctip eho cac nhti btio tting vti ngu'di sUu tiim cd Veit mdt edng eu hu'u ich khi d u n g tru'd'e nliu Cciu Cein phai thei'ni dinh tinh ehein thu'e eiia dd gci'm. Ldi giai eua biii tOcin phein biet do thtit \'ti dd "cop\'" se tro len rd rang vii tiiuyet phuc hon neu du'de e|uan sat biic xa nhiet liuMih eiuang ciui mot \'ai hat khoang liv ra tir Ctic mdn dd: d niiiilig mdn dd dti d u d e lam each na\' \'ai tram iitim, pho hue xti nhiet huynli q u a n g cua c h u n g se ndi len d khoang 300"C trong khi do o mon do lam
"nhai" se khdng thei'y dinli phd nay [Hinh 2).
ei) Sai so hlo'ng de'ii eho p h e p eua phep do tudi nhiet h u v n h q u a n g nieiu gdm ed diue hien tren iiiti\' do Reader RGD - 3a tai phdng Thi nghiem \'a Xac dinli Nien dai cua \'ieii Khao CO hoc, hie'ii ttii d u p e dd xutit Li <10''u. Sai so iieiy cd die edn Idn quii \'eu Ctiu ve nghien e Uu khcio cd hoc. Song, ne'u dup'c eimg Cei'p Ccie diiet hi do td't hdn \'a kv Ucing lam \'iee eua nluing ngudi diam gia phein tich thtinh tiicio ho'n thi hoeiii toan eo klia iiciiig teing du'de dd chinli xac len ho'n. NgOeii ra, eung thci'\' rcing ne'u edng teie nii\' duoe tiiite hieii bai nhung nguoi ngoai nluing kien tiiiic c h u y e n m d n vi ky thucit nliiet huynli q u a n g cdn dirge ti'ang bj tiiem nluing kien diii'c khcio c6 hoc ve dd gdm thi gici ti'i vii dp hn cay cua Ceic ket qua phein tich se tting nhieu kill, Ctiu trei ldi ve nien dtii se tro' nen rd rcing Vci ehcie ehein ho'n.
T.Jil LIEl' D.4N il.\ X'.AN TAN 1997. Theo ddu ede vdn hoa ed. N,\li Khoa hoe Xa hoi, .AITKEN MJ 19iS5. Theniioluiuineseeiiec daiiiig (),\l'ord L'nnersilN press.
NGUYLN QL'.ANG MIEN, BUI V.AN LOAT 2006. Some ihermoliimineseenee daliiigs in Go Thap sUe,
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DATING CERAMIC SAMPLES BY THERMO LUMINESCENCE APPROACH IN THE LAB OF THE VIETNAM INSTLTUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY
N G U V i N QUANG MIEN,
BUI VAN LOAT AND T H A I K H A C OINH
Ceramics dating is always the important task of the Vietnam Institute of Archaeology. So far. the dating has been mainly based on comparison to define relative dates of the samples.
The situation demonstrates that if there are any methods to directly date ceramic, they must be useful for archaeologists and thermo-luminescence dating is such an approach. This method has been studied and applied in many countries successfully and there have been 3 0 0 Labs using this method, mainly the developed countries with advanced technology such as the USA and France,
Recently, the Vietnam Institute of Archaeology in cooperation with other Institutes and Universities at home and abroad has started using this method in the Experimental 14C-ddling Lab of the Institute, Hundreds of archaeological samples were dated. As a result. ' T h e technological process of dating ancient ceramics samples by thermo luminescence approach' has been successfully set up.
The stability of the process was checked and evaluated by measurement of 16 samples and the result revealed the various deviations under 10%, The results of 14C-dating also show the suitability between the two methods, which shows the probabilities of effective application of this method in Viet Nam Based on the set-up process, the lab has dated the ceramics samples from the Xdm Ren site (6 samples). Thanh Den site (5 samples) and Ddng Dau site (5 samples) The results of these dating are generally suitable with the common judgment of their dates
The Lab also sent some samples to Milano University (Italy) for dating and the result received shows the similarity between the two labs. Therefore, if there is an appropriate investment, we will be able to date by thermo luminescence approach with the same accuracy as other labs in the region and the world as well.