Thiet ke bg cong cu cTanh gia nang life ngiiien cufu Idioa hoc cua hpc sinh trong day hpc Hoa hpc 12, phan Kim loai
Vu Minh '[\iit\\ Cao Thj Thang ^ Nguyen Ng^c H^'
' TnJflng Tmng hpc ph6 thdng Chuyen TrSn Phu - Hai Ph6ng Sl110 A, OUflng Lfi Hfing Phong, qu|n HSi An, thSnh phS H4i Phtrng, Vi^t Nam Email: vuminhluan1979@gm%i com ' Vl^n Khoa hoc Gido due Vi^t Nam 101 TrSn HiAig Dao, Hoin Iti^m, Hd m, Viet Nam Email, caothang hDa@gm3ii,com ' TnJflng D^i hoc SiJ phgrn Hk NOi 136 Xuan Thuy. Ciu Gi3y, Hi NOi, \nOt Nam Einaii:hann@hnue edu vn
TOM TAT: NSng tUc nghien cdu khoa hgc li mot trong nhdng ning Igc quan trgng, lam ca sd di phat trien cic nang luc chung vi ning Igc tim hieu tg nhidn d gdc do Hda hoc cho hgc sinh trung hgc phd thdng. Vide nghien cdu phat triin ning luc nghidn cdu khoa hgc ndi chung vi thiit ki bd cdng cu danh gii ning luc nghien cdu khoa hoc trong dgy hgc phan kim logi hien nay cdn han chi. Bai bao trinh biy kit qui nghien cdu thiit ki bd cdng cu dinh gii nang luc nghidn cdu khoa hgc cua hgc sinh gdm: Mgt s6 van de chung eua vide thiit ke bd cdng cg danh gii ning igc nghien cdu khoa hgc cua hgc sinh trong dgy hgc Hda hoc;
Gidi thieu minh hga mdt so cdng cu dinh gii ning igc nghien cdu khoa hgc trong day hgc phan kim loai Hda hgc 12 nhu: de kiem tra ning igc, phiiu do giio viin dinh gii, phiiu do hgc sinh tu danh gia.
J\i KHOA: Thiel ke; bp cfing cu ddnh gid nang \\lc; nghien cilu Ichoa hoc; H6a hoc 12 phan kim loai.
-> Nhan bii 20/4/2020 •» Nhgn bai Ua chinh sila 11/5/2020 -> Duyfit aaig 15/6/2020.
I . D ^ t v ^ n d l
Bp cong cy danh gia co vai tro quan trgng giiip thu th3p cdc bang chiing vk su phat trien nSng lyc (NL) ciia hpc sinh (HS) [1] da dugc Bp Giao due va Dao tao (GD&DT) khang dinh trong Tai lieu tap huan kiem tra, danh gid theo dinh huong phat trien NL HS mon Hoa hpc [2], Hi?n nay, da co mpt so tac gia thl^t ke bp cong cy danh gia mpt so NL chung nhu NL sang tao [3], NL hgrp tac, NL giai quyet van de va sang tao [4], NL dpc lap sang t^o cho HS tnrong trung hpc co sa (THCS) va trung hpc pho thong (THPT), NL tim toi nghien cuu khoa hpc (NCKH)... va NL chuyen mon nhu NL thuc nghi?m trong d^y hpc Hoa hoc. Viec nghien cuu xay dung va sii dyng bai tap Hoa hpc (BTHH) phin Kim loai, Hoa hpc 12 nham phdt trign NL NCKH cho HS da th8 hien a [5], [6], doi hoi phdi co bp cong cu danh gid NL nay nhung hifn nay chua co cong trinh nao da cong bd.
Vi?c thiet ke bO c6ng cu danh gia NL nghien cuu khoa hpc cho HS trong day hpc Hoa hpc 12, phan Kim loai do cac tde gid dk xudt gop phan giup giao vien (GV) Hoa hpc thye hi?n tot dinh huong day hoc phdt trien NL trong chirong trinh Hoa hpc THPT 2018 ciia Bp GD&DT [1].
2. N $ i d u n g n g h i e n cufu
2.1. C(f sd khoa hpc cua vifc thiet ke bq cong cu danh gia ning luc nghien ciiTu khoa hoc ciia hpc sinh trong day hpc Hoa hpc 12, phan Kim loai
2.1.1. Nguyen tac chung khi thiet ke tap cong cu danh gia - Dam bao qudn tri^t dinh huong chung ciia Bp
GD&DT ve doi moi danh gia ket qua hgc tap ciia HS, danh gia NL trong chuang trinh giao due pho thong mon Hoa hpc 2018.
- Dam bdo thuc hien diing tinh than NCKH su pham ung dung ciia Bp GD&DT da tap huan cho GV cot can truang THPT nam 2012, 2019 [2].
- Dam bao muc tieu: Danh gia dupe NL NCKH theo cdc tieu chi da de xuat [5], [6].
- Dam bao do tin cay va do gia tri ciia cdc diJ li$u thu thap duac tir eac Bg cong cu danh gia, dac biet Id dp gid tri npi dung [2].
- Dam bao ke thua va phat trien tren co sa mpt so bp cong cu ddnh gid NL cu the cua HS THPT, HS trung hpc ea sa (THCS) va sinh vien... trong day hpc Hoa hpc [3], [4],. ^ ^
- Dam bao ddnh gia dugc npi dung ca ban phan Kim loai Hoa hpe 12 theo [7], [8],
- Dam bao ddnh gia theo chudn va danh gia theo tieu chi, k8t hpp ddnh gia cua GV, danh gia ddng dang, HS tu danh gid de tang tinh khdch quan ciia ket qua danh gid [9].
2.1.2. Laa chpn cong cu danh gia nang lilc nghien cufu khoa hoc cua hoc sinh
Vai bien phdp xay dung va su dung bai tap Hoa hgc phdn Kim loai 12 dk phdt triin NL NCKH cho HS [3], bg eong cu danh gid NL NCKH dupe ly:a chpn g6m: Dk kiem tra NL NCKH, phiku ddnh gia NL NCKH danh cho GV vd phi6u danh gia NL NCKH do HS tu danh gia.
Sd 32 thing 8/2020 If
NGHIEN CCrULfLUAN
2.1.3. Quy trinh Ihiet Ite cong cu danh gia
Quy trlnli cliung ii thik ke cac bO cong cu danh gia gom cac birac sau:
Buoc 1: Xac dinh thai diem su dung, muc dich sOr dung bg cong cu theo thiet ka nghien cuu da chpn [2],
Buoc 2: Xac dinh npi dung co ban phkn kim Ipai can danh gia.
Buae 3: Xac dinh cac tieu chi, muc dp, chi bao miic dp NL.
Buoc 4: Thiet ke du thap cong cu danh gia.
Bucrc 5: Thii nghiem, danh gia ket qua.
Bu6c 6: Hoan thien bg cang cu danh gia va dua vao sii dung.
2.1.4, Ma tran tieu chi va chi bao miic dp danh gia nang lUc nghien cDu Ithoa hoc ciia hoc sinh
Tieu chi va chi bao miic dg danh gia NL NCKH da t r i n h b a y g 6 m 5 N L thanh phan, 11 tieu chi, chi bao 4 miic dp danh gia NL NCKH cua HS. Do la ca sa khoa hpc quan trpng de thiet ke bp cong cu danh gia. Sau day chi trich trinh bay 2 tieu chi, chi bao 4 miic dp ciia NL hinh thanh gia thuyet nghien ciiu (GTNC) (xem Bang 1).
2,2, Ket qua thiet ke bo cong cu danh gia ndng lite nghien ciiru khoa hpc cua hpc sinb
2 , 2 , 1 . De kiem tra Hda hpc danh gi^ nang Idc nghien cdu khoa hpc
Hi|n nay, cac cau hoi va bai tap Hoa hgc trong cac sach
va tai lieu tham khao chu y6u dupe su dung de kicm ffa danh gia kien thiic, kT nSng [8], [9] khong the dung de danh gia NL, dSc bi?t 14 NL NCKH. Khi xay dtfng de kiSm tra NL NCKH ciia HS, v6 co ban theo quy tonh Chung nhung cin co mot so buoc cu the sau: Thiet ke ma tran d6 kiSm tra NL NCKH ciia HS theo cac tieu chi cua NL NCKH; Thiet ki cau hoi theo ma tran de; Thiet ke dap an va bi^u di6m; Hoan thien de kiem tra.
Viec thiet ke ma uan de va de kiSm tra NL NCKH luon phai bam sat tieu chi ciia NL NCKH (xem Bang 2) va sii dung mpt s6 dang bai tap dimg de phat men va danh gia NL NCKH cua HS do cac tac gia de xuat [5], [6],
BS kiim tra danh gia NL nghien cicu khoa hoc, phan Kim logi, Hoa hoc 12.
- Thdi gian kiem tra; 45 phiit.
- Thoi diem kiem Ua: Cudi chuang 7, sach H6a hpc 12.
- Muc tieu kiem tra: Danh gia NL NCKH gom cac tieu chi: DS xuSt CHNC; Xay dung GTNC; D6 xuit phuong an thuc nghiem (PATN) Ai kiem chiing GTNC da de ra;
Thuc hien phuong an TN da de xuat; Thu thSp ket qua - t6ng hpp phan tich ket qua; Rut ra ket luan/ nhan xet.
- Ma ttan de kiem tta NL NCKH.
- Noi dung di kiem tra:
Cau 1: (5 diem)
Hay tim hieu tinh chat khir cua h(rp chat mudi sat (II) clorua theo quy trinh sau:
B^ng 1: Tieu chi va chi bdo mdc dp danh gia nang lUc hinh thanh GTNC
L N L h l n h 1.1. OS xuat vJ lira CHNC ro ring, chinh xac, CHNC tUOng (Hi ro rSng, CHNC thj hi|n dUOC CHNC khOnj rO ring, I h M Chgn cau hii nghien c6 the NC tot chinh Xctc, c6 the NC CO bin van de c ^ chila chinh xie. khDiVi GTNC ciru (CHNC) dUOc NC, cC the NC dugc. thg NC dUpc.
1.2. 06 xuat va lUa GTNC hgan toin phii hgp GTNC tugng doi phu hop GT NC ve cd ban phO GTNC khdng phii h * chgn GTNC vdi CHNC, eg th6 kiJm vdi CHNC, cO thg kiem hdp vdi CHNC, cd vdi CHNC, khdng k i ^ chdng dugc b^ng TN. chdng dupe bSng TN. ktia nang kiem chdng chdng dddc bdng TN.
dddc.
Bing 2: Ti§u chi dinh g i i NL NCKH
I.OexuStCHNC
2. Xay ddng GTNC
3. Oe xugt phddng i n thdc nghifm
1b, 0,5 1c. 1,0 4. Thgc hign phddng an thgc nghi§m da de xuat 1 d, 1,0 5. Thu thap ket qua- tdng hgp, phSn Bch kft qui l e , 1.5 6. Rdt ra kSt Iu9n/ nhSn x6t
NOI DUNG PHAN KIM LOAI
2c, 0.5
3a, 1.0 3b. 0.5 3b. 0.5
2.0 19. 0,5 _ 2 d , 0 ^ 3C.0.5 fj"
Tinh chit Hda hoc ddn chat va Phan b4t dura dicti O i * j end hoo chSi Tn"' liop.nat h d o c h * ' - w » . l u
TAP CHi KHOA WT. C.\liD m?. VIFT NAM
VQ Minfi Tuan, Cao Thj T h i n g , Nguyfin Ngpc m
a. Neu cau h6i nghien ciiu vk tinh chat kbit cua hgfp chat mudi sat (II) clorua.
b. Neu GTNC/du doan tuong umg vdi m6i cau hoi nghiSn cuu tren, giai thich.
c. Bk xudt ten cdc thi nghiem, d\mg cu hoa chat co the thvc hi^n de Idem chiing d\r doan d6.
d. Du doan hi$n tugng xay ra trong m6i thi nghiem.
e. Giai thich va vikt PTHH minh hpa cho m6i tinh chdt I cua muoi sdt (II) clorua.
i f. Rut ra nhdn xet vk tinh khu cua mu6i sdt (II).
! Cau 2: (2,5 diem)
Co cac dung dich loang sau; CrCl^, CuSO^, AgNOj I d\mg trong 3 ong nghi?m rieng biet khong dan nhdn.
a. Hay dk xudt 2 thu6c thii khdc nhau (don chat hoac h(fp chat cua kim loai) co the nhdn biet cac dung dich I tren.trong m6i 6ng nghi?m ?
b. Hay n8u cdch ti8n hanh nhdn biet de kiem chiing cac i dk xuat.
i c. Neu hi?n tuong n h ^ bi8t, gidi thich va viet PTHH.
i d. Rut ra nhan xet v^ quy trinh nhiin biet cac dung dich 1 muoi bi mat nhan.
: Cau 3: (2,5 diem)
Bk tim hi8u tinh chdt Hoa hoc cua Cu(OH)j nhung trong phong thi nghi?m chi co day ddng, dung dich axit HCl, dung djch NaOH va mot so dyng cu can thiit de I dieu ch6 hgp chdt nay.
a. Hdy cho biet cac phan iing Hoa hgc lam ca so khoa hpc dk dieu ch6 Cu(OH)^ tir cdc hoa chat da cho.
b. Neu quy trinh thyc nghi?m (cac buoc tiSn hdnh) dk diSu ch€ dugc Cu(0H)2 va kl thuat thirc hien an toan va thtoh c6ng thyc nghi$m trSn. Cac dyng cy, hoa chdt coi
nhu CO du.
c. Riit ra nhdn xet ve dieu ch6 baza khong tan trong nuac tu kim loai tuang iing voi bazo do.
Hirmig dan cham va bieu diem: Viec xay dung huong ddn chdm va bieu diem dugc xdy dyng tren co sa dap dn cua tung cau va diem so da dugc dinh ro a ma tran d6.
HS lam diing yeu cau nhung khong hodn toan theo dap an thi van dugc diem tdi da.
2.2.2. Phieu giao vien danh gia nang ILIC nghien cu'u khoa hoc cua hgc sinh
Hg va ten HS dugc ddnh gid Lap:
Thai diem ddnh gid: Sau khi thuc hien cac tac dong: sii dyng BTHH phdn kim loai do cdc tac gia xay dung dg day hgc phdt trian NL NCKH cua HS 12 (cuoi Chuang 7).
Hp va ten GV ddnh gia: Truang Thdy/co hay danh gid miic do phdt tri6n NL NCKH cua moi HS bang each cho diem vao 6 trong phii hgp a bang sau (Chii y so sanh voi cac tieu chi, chi bdo miic do danh gid NI NCKH kem theo).
Danh gia xep loai NL nghien ciiu Khoa hgc ciia HS:
T^t: 40- 44 dilm; Khd: 33 - 39 dilm; Trung binh: 22 - 32 diem; Yeu: 21 -11 diem
Chii y: De ddnh gid NL NCKH cua tiing HS trong qud trinh tde dpng vd sau tde dgng, GV can quan sat tung HS, timg nhom HS, theo doi hoat dgng cua cd nhdn va nhom HS trong qud trinh tac dgng, ket hpp tham khdo ket qud bai kiem tra NL NCKH ciia HS de co ket qua chinh xdc, khach quan.
2.2.3. Phieu hpc sinh tif danh gia nang lUc nghien ciiTu khoa hoc
1.NL hinh thdnh GTNC
Tieu Chi danh gia NL NCKH 1.1. Oe xuat vd Ida chgn CHNC.
1.2. OexuStvi Ida Chgn GTNC.
Trung binh Kha^ Tot ^ ' "'' I 3 diem 4 diem
2. NLdg xuat phUdng dnthi^c nghifm dg Wgm chdng GTNC
2.1. Dg xu^t phiidng dn thilc nghiem.
2.2. Thiet ke phi/dng dn NC thyc nghigm.
3, NL ti6n hanh thi^c nghiem theo quy trinh NC da thigt l(fi nhSm thu th5p thOng tin
3.1. Liy dung eg, lap d$t dgng cu (N^u c6) theo ttiiet Itl.
3.2. U ^ h6a chdt an todn vd thtfc hien phdn img thdnh cfing.
3.3. Quan sdt vd ghi l(lt qud vdo phieu thu th|p thong tin (quan sdt v j mfl td hi§n ti/dng).
Xil il chdt thdi atfc hai sau tiii nghiem.
4. NL phan tich kA qud/ da li$ti vd njt ra k^t ludn
4.1. Phdn tich cdc dQ iigu thu diidc vd nit ra n h ^ xet.
4.2. Tdng h0p k^t qud. vi^t bdo cdo ket qud.
5. Trinh bdy k^t qud NC ddnh gf^v^ty ddnh gid Tfing di^m
5.1. Trinh bdy k^ qud NC 5.2. Ddnh gid vd h; ddnh gid ket qud
NGHISNCQULILUAN
Phieu nay dugc xay dung co cau tnic tuong ty philu GV. HS tu danh gia theo cdc tieu chi, chi bao miic do, dilm s6 sau khi kit thiic qua trinh hgc tdp theo dinh huong phat triin NL NCKH a cu6i Chuang 7.
3. K^t luan
Bp cong cy danh gia NL NCKH ciia HS thong qua day hgc Hoa hgc a truang THPT da dugc xay dung tren co sa khoa hgc va diyc tiln, da dugc kilm nghiem va hoan
thien thong qua thyc nghiem su pham. Ket qua v nghiem su pham da chiing to tinh kha thi va hi?u qua cu bp cong cy ddnh gia da xay dyng. Kit qud nghien cuu s la tai lieu tham khao tot cho sinh vien su p h ^ Hoa hpc GV Hoa hoc ffong day hpc Hoa hgc 12 phan Kim lo?
nham phat triin mgt s6 NL chung, NL chuyen bi?t troni mon KHTN va mon Hoa hgc a trucmg THCS vd THPT theo Chuang trinh Giao dye p h i diong 2018 [1].
Tai li^u tham kbSo
[ I ] BQ Giao due ya Dao tao, (2018), Chirong trinh Gido due trung hoc pho thong, mon Hda hpc.
[2] BQ Giao due va Dao tao - Dtr an Phat triin Tnmg hoc ph6 thong giai doan 2, (2019), Tdi lieu tgp hudn gido vien vd cdn bg qudn li ve Nghien ciiu Khoa hgc supham img dung.
[3] Ph^m Thi Bich Dao • Cao Thi Thang, (2015), Thiet ki vd su dung bo cong cu ddnh gid nang luc sdng tgo cua hpc sinh trong dgy hpc Hoa hgc hmi ca a tmng hpc pho thong. Tap chi Khoa HQC Giao dye, so 112, tr,31, [4] Cao Thi Thang - Le Ngoc Vjnh, (02/2019), Xay dung bo
cong eu ddnh gid nang lue gidi quyet vdn de vd sdng tao cho hgc sinh khi van dung day hgc du dn tich hgp Khoa hgc tu nhien trong cdc mon Vdt li, Hoa hgc, Sinh hgc a Incong trung hgc caso. Tap chi Giao due, so 14, tr.55-59.
[5] Cao Thj Th^ng - VQ Minh Tuan, (2019), Xay ditng bdi tap Hoa hgc theo dinh hu&ng phdt trien nang lire nghien cuu khoa hoc cho hgc sinh trung hpc, Ki yeu Hoi thao Khoa hpc toan quoc lan thir 8 "Hoa hpe Viet Nam vi s\r phat
[8]
[9]
triin bin vung", tr 180 - 185.
Cao Thi Thing - Vu Minh Tuan, (02/2020), Su dvng ba tap phdn kim logi trong dgy hgc Hoa hgc a Trung hpc phi thong nhdm phdt triin nang luc nghien cuu khoa hpc cho hgc sinh. T^p chi Hoa hpc va iTng dung, s l chuyen dfi.
Cao Thi T h ^ g (Chii bien) - Pham Van Hoan - Ooan Vi|i Nga, (2009), Kiim tra. ddnh gid kit qud hgc tgp Hoa h(K 72, NXB Giao due, Ha Npi.
Cao Thi Th3ng, (2010), Nghien ciiu, thiit ki cau hoi w bdi tgp ddnh gid kil qud hgc tgp theo chudn hen thiic, la ndng mon Hoa hgc (chuang trinh Gido dye pho thong).
Tap chi Giao due, s6 230, tr.41- 43.
Le Ngpc Vinh - Cao Thj Thing - Duong V5n Tinh.
(01/2020), Ddnh gid tac dong eiia vi^c vgn dung dgy hgc dir dn tich hop khoa hoc tu nhien den sir phdt trien wiins luc gidi quyet vdn de vd sdng tao cua hpe sinh va ndn^
cao ndng lue dgy hpc tich hpp cua gido vien tn/dng tnmi hpc casd, T^p chi Hoa hpc va iJng dyng, so chuyfind^.
A DESIGN OF THE TOOL KITS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT IN TEACHING THE CHAPTER OF "METALS" IN THE 12™ GRADE CHEMISTRY CURRICULUM
Vu Minh T u a n \ Cao Thi Thang^
Nguyen Ngoc Ha^
' Tran Phu Highschool, Hai Phong 10A Le Hong Phong, Hai An, Hai Phong, Vietnam Email: vuminhtijan1979@gmail com
^ The Vietnam Nationai Institute ot Educational Sciences 101 Tran Hung Dao. Hoar Kiem. Hanoi, Vietnam Email- caothang,hoa@gmail com ' Hanoi Nationai University of Education 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Email hann@hnue edu vn
ABSTRACT: Scientific research competence is one of the core competences which contributes to the development of general competencies and (fte competence to study from a chemical perspective for students in secondat) schools. The research on scientific research competence development it general, and the tool kits designed for assessing the scientific research competency in teaching metals in Chemistry in particular are still limiteii The article presents a design of the tool kits for the scientific researd competence assessment in teaching Chemistry, including: general issuei designing the tool kits, an illustration of design in leaching the chapter a
"metals" In the l^" grade chemistry curriculum, such as competency tests teachers' reports, and feedback questionnaires for students KEYWORDS: Design; tool kits lor competence assessment; scientific r e w a r r h - r h a i * of "metais" in the 1 2 * grade chemistry curriculum. researcn, cmvm
25 TAP CHI KHOA HQC GtAO DUC VIET NAM