PHAT TRIEN NGHE CONG TAC XA HQI VA C H A M SO,
PHirCTNG HlldNG f)6l M(TI HE THONG Ca Sa
TODVC
Tnrdng phong Cdng tac Xa hpi-Cuc Bao tra Xa hdi
NhOVig k h d k h a n , t o n t a i
Theo thfing ke, ca nuac hien co tren 400 ca sd bao tra xa h6i vdi tong sO cdn bp, nhSn vidn khoang 15.000 nguai, trong do ca s d cong ldp chidm 40°'o C^c ca s d bao trg xa hpi dang quan ly, nuoi dudng, chSm sdc 40.000 doi tugng. Trong giai doan vda qua, he thdng ca sd bao tra xa hpi da phat huy hieu qua vai trd cua minh trong viec tiep nhSn, quan ly, chSm sdc, nudi daang cac ddi tuong bao trp xa hpi; td chdc hoat dpng phuc hdi chuc nSng, lao dpng san xuat; trp giup cac ddi tupng trong cac hoat ddng tu quan, vdn hoa, the thao va cac hoat dpng khac phu hgp vdl Ida tudi va sdc khoe cua tdng nhdm; phdi hop, td chdc day vdn hoa, day nghd, giao due hudng nghiep nh5m giup ddi tupng phat tri^n toan dien ve the chat, tri tue va nhan each. Tuy nhien, trong dieu kien mdi ciia dd't nudc va xu hudng phat trien an sinh xa hpi cua qudc te, he thdng ca sd bao trp xa hdi cua nudc ta da bdc Id nhdng tdn tai nhat dinh, cu the;
Mpt la, mang ludi cac ca so thieu ve so luang, yeu ve chat lupng, chu y e u ch§m sdc, nudi dudng tap trung cac ddi tupng cd hoan canh dSc biet theo quy md Idn, ddi tupng sdng xa each vdi gia dmh va cdng ddng; thieu s u lien ket, ket ndi mang tinh he thdng vdi cac ca quan phuc Igi xa hdi, cac ca sd cung cap dich vu chSm sdc, tra giup xa hpi khac.
Hai la, ca so vat chat chua dap ung duac yeu cau nuoi duang, chdm soc, giao due, phuc hoi chuc ndng va cung cap cac dich vu cho doi tUdng. Mdt so ca sd xdy dung t u Idu, nay da xudng cap; dung cu y te, trang thiet bi can thiet de' phuc hdi chdc nSng cdn thieu; chua cd he thdng xu ly chat thai, rac thai, gay d nhiem mdi tru'dng sdng, anh hudng den chat luang cudc sdng ddi tupng.
Ba la, phan Idn can bd, nhan vien chua qua dao tao nghe cdng tac xa hdi hodc duoc dao tao tir nhieu nghe khac nhau, thieu chuyen nghiep, nhat la nhung ngudi lam vide true tiep vdi ddi tupng. Them nua, vdi muc thu nhap tha'p, khdng cd che dp phu cap uu dai tuang xung vdi tinh chat cong viec nen cac c a sa gdp nhieu khd khdn tronq vide thu hut cdn bO, nhdn vidn gdn bd vdi nghe. Dinh bidn cdn bO, nhdn vidn phu thudc vdo
Can chuyen doi chirc nang cua cac ca sd BTXH tir cham sdc tap trung sang cung cap
dich vu CTXM.
kha nSng bd tri cua dia phuang nen cac ca S0 thudng xuyen trong tinh trang thieu nhan vien chSm sdc ddi tuang.
Son la, mire tra cap cho ddi tupng duac nuoi dudng. chdm soc tai cac co sd bao tra xa hoi cdn thap (tu 360.000 de'n 450.q00d/ngudi/thang), khien cac trung tam gSp rat nhieu khd khan, chi/a dam bao dn dinh ddi sdng ddi tugng.
Ndm la. hau het cac ca sd bao tra xa hoi mdi chi thuc hien dUdc mdt phan cac qui dinh tai Nghi dinh so 68'2008/ND- CP ve dieu kien tieu chuan ve mdi trudng, cd so vat chat, dlnh mtJ'c can bd, nhdn vien va che dp chdm sdc doi vdi cac ca sd bao trg xa hdi. Nguyen nhan chinh la do kha nang bd tri ngan sach cua dia phi/ong cdn eo hep; chua co dieu kien bd sung, thurc hien dinh muc can bd, nhan vien; khdng cd kha nSng huy ddng ngudn luc tai chinh tU cdng dong...
Ngoai ra, cac c a s d bao trg xa hpi mdi chi chu yd'u nudi dudng, chdm sdc ddi tuang tSp trung, chua trien khai cac loai hinh djch vu, tr(J giup da dang, can thiet n h u djch vu tu van, trc(
giup cac ddi tugng tai hoa nhap cpng ddng; djch vu chdm sdc ban tru; chdm sdc khan cap; dich vu y te va phuc hoi chuc ndng...
Phuong h o l i n g d o i m d i
o d ddp ung nhu cdu thuc tidn eua ddi s6ng TAP CHf LAO O^NG v A XA H ^ I S ^ 4 2 2 - i - 4 2 3 (ti^ 01-31/01/201!)
r n M i iKiEN NGHE CONG TAC X A H ^ I V A C H A M S 6 C TRI EM C6 H O A N C A N H OBK
xa hOi vd xu hudng phdt tridn hd thdng an sinh xa hOi cua qudc td, trong giai dogn tdi, hd thdng CO sd bdo trg xd hOI nude ta cdn dugc ddi mdi nhim ndng cao chat lugng, hidu qud cung edp cdc djch vy eho ddi tugng vdi mOt sd hdnh ddng uu tidn eu thd nhu sau:
1. Chuyin dil chUc ning tu chim s6c t$p trung sang cung dp dfch vp cdng tic xi hpi theo hudng:
Thuc ddy thgc hidn ddnh gid nhu cdu cd nhdn vd danh gia djnh ky nhdm dua ra nhdng quydt djnh vi Igi fch tdt nhdt cua dO'i tugng; Gidm cdc trudng hgp, ddc bidt Id trd em phdi sdng qud Idu tgi cdc ca sd bdo trg xd hOi thOng qua vide gidi thidu chdc ndng chdm sdc khdn cdp vd trung hgn, ddm bdo ddi tugng sdng tgi ca sd bdo trg xa hdi trong khodng thdi gian ngdn nhdt; Hd trg vide tim kiem gia dinh vd tdi dodn tu, tliuc ddy quydn dugc song chung vdi cha mg hodc gia dinh hp hdng khi cd thd; Hd trg tid'p xuc vdi gia dinh thudng xuydn, tgo didu kidn eho ddi tugng duy tri vd xdy dgng cdc mdi quan hd vd gdn bd vdng mgnh; Cung cdp djch vu cOng tde xd hOi hd trg gia dinh, ea nhdn chdm sdc dO'i tugng tgi cOng dong.
2. Thuc hipn chUc ning chim soc khin dp Chdc ndng chdm sdc tdp trung tai cdc ca sd bao trg xd hOi cdn dugc cai thidn dd cd thd ddp dng cho cae nhu cdu mdi va dam bao cung edp dich vy chdm sdc khin edp ngodi gia dinh khi c^n thidt, nhu cung edp mdi dm khan cdp, bdo vd khoi ton hai, cung cap djch vu chdm sdc giam nhe nhdm h6 trg ngudi chdm sdc chfnh hodc danh gia todn didn vd nhu cdu, djnh hudng cho vide ldp kd hogeh cham sdc Idu dai.
Cac djch vu chdm sdc ngdn hgn dugc thidt kd nhdm giup ddi tugng dS bj tdn thiromg cd duge chd d, dugc nudi diidng, ddm bao an todn ngay ldp tdc hodc tgm thdi; Tdng cudng sg an todn tliOng qua hogt dOng danh gid nguy ca vd ldp kd hogeh dam bdo sg an todn; Cai thidn sdc khoe vd an sinh cua ddi tuang dd bj tdn thuang; Tdi hoa nhdp ddi tugng dd bj tdn thuang vd vdi gia dinh hodc mOt mdi trudng chdm sdc thay thd!
3. Phit triin dfch vp chim soc bin tru cho ngudi khuyit tpt
Chdm sdc ban tru Id mdt bO phdn cdu thdnh va trong tdm eua cae djch vy ngdn ngda nhdm hd tra cac gia dinh chdm sdc ngudi khuydt tdt, ddc bidt Id tre khuydt tdt, tre tg ky, tre bj rdi nhidu tdm trf tai cdng ddng. Tdt cd cac gia dinh ddu cdn dugc h5 trg dd gidm bdt cdc trdch nhidm chdm sdc ddi tugng hdng ngdy. Chdm sdc bdn tru giup cdc bdc cha me, thdn nhdn ddi tugng c6 thi vln tidp tyc di lam trong khi cdc nhdn vidn cOng tde xa hOi Idm nhidm vu chdm sdc giam nhe, udn ndn hdnh vi vd day cho ddi tugng nhdng ky hdng mdi. Chdm sdc bdn tni cd thd dugc cung cdp tai cdc ca sd bdo tra xd hOI nhdm tdn dung
tdi da cdc ngudn lgc vd ea sd vdt chdt. Trong didu kidn hidn nay, mO hinh chdm sdc bdn trij trudc mdt tdp trung vdo ddi tugng ngudi khuydt tdt mdc dO vda vd ndng. Ody Id nhOm ngudi thidt thOi nhdt vd cQng Id gdnh ndng cho cdc gia dlnh c6 ngudi khuydt tdt md xd hOi ndn quan tdm vd ddnh nhidu sg trg giup.
4. Xiy dyng, hoin chinh ca chi, md hinh trp giup ddi tupng hpc nghi, tim vipc lim
Cdn tdp trung xdy dgng ea chd, chfnh sdch khuydn khfch cdc ca sd sdn xudt kinh doanh dgy nghd gdn vdi tgo vi^c Idm, tidp nhdn ddi tugng bao trg xd hdi cd khd ndng lao dOng vdo Idm vide nhu: Cho vay vdn, uu tidn mdt bdng sdn xudt hodc hd trg ehi phf ddo tgo nghd; Hd trg kinh phf trg giup ddi tugng hpc nghd, tim vide Idm ngay tgi nai cu tru; Oly mgnh hinh thdc ddo tgo nghd ngay tgi nai sdn xudt, vda hgc vda Idm;
H6 trg tidu thy san phlm eho ddi tugng tg tgo vide Idm.
5. Ti chUc cung dp dich vp cdng tic xa hpi
Phdt tridn hd thdng cdc ea sd cung cdp djch vy cdng tac xa hOi nhdm ddp dng nhu cdu dugc clidm soc, tu vdn, tham vdn, trj lidu tdm ly, nuOi dudng vd phyc hdi chdc ndng cho cdc ddi tugng bao trg xa hOi vdi mOt sd nOi dung: tidp nhdn thdng tin hodc ydu clu cua ddi tugng co hodn canh ddc bidt; ddnh gid nhu cdu, phdn logi vd chuydn tuydn djch vy; tidp nhdn, nuOi dudng cdc ddi tugng cdn sg bao vd khin clp, ddi tugng bdo trg xd hOi; tu vin, tham vln vd trg giup cac ddi tugng xd liOi tidp cdn eac djch vy xd hOi; td chdc cdc cuOc tidp xUc, trao ddi dd tim ra khd khdn vd cdch thdc gidi quydt kho khdn; trg giup vd thdc dn, chd d tgm thdi; hd trg khdm ehda bdnh vd hoc tdp; trg giup hoe nghd, tim vide Idm, ndng cao thu nhdp vd vui chai giai trf, sinh hogt vdn hda tinh thin; ndng cao ndng Igc cho cdn bO lidn quan d cOng ddng, thdnh vidn cdc gia dinh di hg tg gidi quydt cdc vdn dd phdt sinh, vugt qua hodri cdnh khd khdn; td chdc cdc hogt dOng trg giup cOng ddng, ndng cao ndng Igc phdt hidn vdn dd, xdy dgng kd hogeh huy dOng ngudn lgc thOng qua cdc chuang trinh, dg dn; to chdc thgc hidn kd hogeh ed sg tham gia cua ngudi ddn, cdc ddi tugng xd hdi thue ddy edng ddng phdt tridn; tu vdn, khuydn nghj phat tridn ehinh sdch trg giup cho cdc ddi tuang ed hodn eanh ddc bidt.
6. Cii thipn, ning cao mUc trp dp, chim sdc, nudi dudng
Tidn hdnh nghidn cdu, khao sdt, ddnh gid thgc trgng chd dd trg clp vd trg giUp xa hOi ddi vdi ddi tugng bdo tri? xd hOi trdn ca sd dd, xdy di,mg chd dO trg clp mdi theo nguydn tic linh hogt, phu hgp vdi sg phdt tridn kinh td-xa hOi cua dit nudc tdng thdi k^; Gidm sd lugng ddi tugng dugc nudi dudng, chdm sdc tdp trung tgi cdc ca sd
^ P CHf LAO O^NG VA XA H^l - S4 422-1-423 (tiir 01-31/01/2012)
PHAT TRIEN NGHE CONG TAC XA Hpi VA C H A M S 6 ^
bdo trg xd hdi, ddng thdi, dly mgnh huy ddng ngudn Igc td qudc td, cdng ddng dd hfi trg chdm sdc, nuOi dudng ddi tugng.
7. Xiy dpng chi dp php dp uu dil theo nghi doi vdl cin bp cdng tic xi hpi
Cic cdn bO, vidn chdc Idm vide trong cdc ea sd bdo trg xd hdi Id ngudi trgc tidp thgc hidn vide chdm s6e, nuOl dudng, trg giup vd qudn ly ddi tugng. Nhidm vy cua hp c6 nhdng ddc didm d$c thu nhu: tfnh nguy hidm khi chdm s6e ddi tugng nhidm HIV, tdm thdn; tfnh nhidt tinh, kidn nhin khi chdm sdc, nuOi dudng ngudi tdn tdt ndng, trd em bgi ndo, trd em bgi lidt. Do dd, di thu hut ngudn nhdn Igc Idm viOc trong ITnh vuc ndy, chinh sdch tidn luang, phy d p phdi phan dnh duge mdc dd phdc tgp lao ddng vd cic didu kidn lao ddng ddc thu. Cdn thidt phdi xdy dgng chd dd phy edp uu ddi theo nghd ddi vdi ddi ngO cdn bO, nhdn vidn cdng tde xd hOi.
8. Ning cao ning li/c dpi ngQ cin bp nhin viin
Ddnh gid, xdc djnh nhu clu ddo tgo d tdng clp trinh dO, td ,chdc ddo tgo trinh dO sa clp, trung d p , cao ding vd dgi hoc eho dOi ngu cdn bO, nhdn vidn cdng tde xa hOi dang Idm vide trong cae logi hinh ca sd bao trg xd hOi, bao gdm ea cOng ldp vd ngodi eOng ldp; tdp huln nhdng kiln
thdc vd ky ndng ea bdn vd edng tdc xd hdi cho ddi ngQ cdng tdc vidn. Phin d i u phd cdp trinh 6^ ea bdn (truqg d p ) vdo ndm 2015 vd phd cdp trinh dd cao ddng, dgi hge vdo ndm 2020. >
9. Xiy di/ng ca chi phd'l hqrp, liin kit glOa ca ad bio trgr xi hpi vi hp thd'ng cic ca sd cung dp djch vp khic
Phdt tridn ea chd phdi hgp, lidn kdt giffa co sd bdo trg x l hOi vd cdc mO hinh khdc nhu trung tdm cung clp djch vy cOng tde xd hOi, nhd x§
hdi, nhd bdn tru, mO hinh chdm sdc nhdn nudi, ca sd trg glUp khdc vd chinh quydn ca sa. Trong dd, mgng ludi cdc trung tdm cung clp djch vg eOng tdc xd hdi, nhd xd hdi, nhd bdn tru, mO hlnii chdm sdc nhdn nudi vd cdc ea sd trg giup khdc tgi cdng ddng chu ydu chdm sdc, nudi dudng ngdn hgn, tu v l n vd trj lidu phyc hdi tdm 1^; cdc ca sd bdo trg xd hdi Id noi cudi cung cua h$
thdng trg giup ddi tugng bdo trg xa hOi c6 nhi$m vy chinli Id tidp nhdn chdm sdc, nudi dudng vi phyc hdi chdc ndng nhdng ea khd do mang ludi cdc ca sd trg giup chuydn gdi; ddo tgo, tdp huln cdn bd, nhdn vidn eho cdc nhd xd hdi. nhd bdn tru vd cdc trung tdm dich vy cdng tdc xd h^i;
tdng cudng khd ndng kdt ndi vdi chfnh quydn ca sd vd hd thdng cdc ca quan phuc Igi xd hOi dja phuang.I
XUMVt-
(Tiip theo trang 67) bdc bgch: "Nhffng ndm trudc ddy gia dlnh minh nghdo llm, phai chgy dn tdng bffa. O l u ndm 2011, dugc cdn bO khuydn nOng tu vln vd ngdn hdng eho vay tidn giidlnh da diu tu dugc trdn 100 m chudng nuOi Ign vd nhim tdp trung, quy hogeh trdn 700 m ao thd cd cung vudn.
Hy vpng ndm sau khi Ign ndi vd nhim sinh sdn sd eho thu nhdp khodng 50 tri^u ddng/ndm...".
Chj Lye Thj Nha eho bid't thdm: "Nhffng md hinh nhu eua gia dlnh anh Hlu d huydn eOn rlt nhidu, nlu bidt tdn dgng vd tranh thu sg hd trg cua nhd nudc kdt hgp vdi y chf vuan Idn eua chfnh ban thdn hd nghdo sd cai thidn ddng kd ddi sdng ciia ngudi ddn vd cung Id ddng Igc quan trgng giijp dja phuang phdt tridn kinh td xa hdi, dn djnh chfnh trj an ninh qud'c phdng. Tuy nhidn cQng cin phdi ndi thdm ring, vide chuydn ddi
gidng, cdy trdng ch? hfi trg mfit Iln gidng, phin bdn ndn chua thuc dly dugc ngudi ddn mgnh dgn chuydn ddi bdi thgc td cdc hd ddn vung ddn tdc thidu sd dd cd phong tyc sdn xult theo thdi quen truydn thdng vd sg rui ro khi chuydn hdt didn tfch san xult eua gia dlnh theo cdch Idm mdi...".
Theo Chidn luge phdt tridn kinh td xd hdi, ddn ndm 2020, Ble Hd phin d i u gid trj sdn xult cOng nghidp, tidu thu cdng nghidp dgt 43,16%; thuang mgi, du Ijch vd djch vy 37,37%;
nOng, Idm nghiOp 19,4%; lao ddng ndng nghidp cdn dudi 50%, ty Id lao ddng ndng thdn qua ddo tgo, tdp huln dgt 52%
vd gid trj canh tdc trdn 1 ha dgt trdn 30 tridu ddng, ty Id tdn che phu rdng dgt trdn 45%; 100%
dudng ddn cdc thdn bdn dugc rdi nhga ho$c bd tdng hda, ty id hd nghdo gidm xudng dudi 10%, 50% sd xd dgt tidu chuIn ndng thdn mdi. Od thgc hidn thdnh cdng nhidm vg xda nghdo bdn vffng, Ble Hd dd dd ra
nhidu giai phap quan trgng trong dd tid'p tuc dly manh tuydn truydn ndng cao ntidn thdc cho ngudi ddn vd phdt tridn kinh td gia dlnh, hoc nghi, tgo vide Idm, xud't khlu lao dOng giup ngudi ddn tg vucm Idn, thodt nghdo bdn vffng. B§n cgnh dd Id cd chfnh sdch hd trgr khuydn khfch cdc doanti nghidp ddu tu vdo s i n xud't ndng nghidp tao thdnh kdnh san phlm hdng hda die trung cua dja phuomg ddng thdi ddm bSo dn djnh ddu ra cua san phlm...
Tfnh td khi Nghj quydt 30a ra ddi thi Tdt Nguydn dan NhSni Thin ndm nay Id mua xudn thi^
3 vd vdi ngudi nghdo. Cung vdi nhdn ddn c l nude hdn hoan ddn chdo ndm mdi, Odng bO, chfnh quydn vd ddng bdo cdc ddn tOc trdn dja ban huy^Bac Hd dang I p u nhffng cddtijla"^
mdi, phuang phdp mdi nham giup bd con day lui doi ngh^o t i p trung cho phat triln sin xult, ndng cao thu nhdp v^ on djnh chfnh trj, an ninh quoc phdng.l
TAP CHf LAO B^NG VA XA H0I S^ 422-1-423 (tiir 01-31/01/8012)