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Tiep tuc nang cao chat lifomg giao due ly luan chinh trj cho can bo lanh dao, quan ly trong giai doan hien nay wrfy
PHAM TH! HANH*
Cdng tac giao due ly lukn chinh tri cho can bd, dang vidn, dae bidt la can bd lanh dao quan ly trong thdi gian vita qua, ludn d\idc Dang ta chu trgng thiic hien va dat dxidc nhUng ket qua nhat dinh, song vin cdn nhiSu han chd".
Do do, de nang cao chdt liidng giao due ly luan chinh tri cho ddi ngii can bd lanh dao, quan ly, cin phai co mdt hd thdng giai phap phii hdp.
N
ghi quyet sd32-NQmV, ngky 26-5-2014, eua Bd Chinh tri, Ve tiep ti^c ddi mdi, nkng cao ch^t Itipng edng tac dao tao, hoi dtfdng ly lukn chinh tri cho ckn bo lanh dao, quan If dknh gik: Sau g i n 15 n a m thi^c hidn Quy d i n h s d 5 4 - ^ / T W , ngky 12-5-1999, ciia Bd Chinh tri v l che' dp hpc t^p ly lukn chinh tri trong Dang, cdng tac dko tao, bdi dfldng ly l u k n c h i n h t r i (LLCT) d^t dfldc m§t sd kdt qua quan trpng, gdp phan xay dflng Dang, he thd'ng ehinh tri, | d ^ t t r i l n kinh te - xa hdi vk bao v^ Td qudc. He thdng cd sd dko t^o ly lukn chinh tri diipc ciing cd, phkt t r i l n ; sd hiijDg can bd diMc dko tao ly l u ^ chinh tri tkng n h a n h ; n$i dung, chfldng t r i n h bfldcd i u ddi mdi; ddi ngu giang vidn t a n g ca v l sd ifldng vk chk't Ifldng; d i l u kidn vkt c h i t , IQT t h u k t cua eke ed sd dko tao dfldc cai thidn.
liiy nhidn, bdn canh nhiing kd't qua dat dfldc, cdng tac dko tao, bdi dfldng LLCT cdn mot sd b a n chd', ydu kem.
Vide md rpng quy md dko tao, bdi dfldng chfla gkn h i n vdi nkng eao c h i t Ifldng. Npi dung, chfldng t r i n h dao tao, bdi dfldng chkm dfldc ddi mdi, bd sung, ekp nhat, cdn t r u n g Ikp, ehua dap utng ydu e i u nkng cao nkng luc hoat ddng thuc tidn, ren luyen t u tudng chinh tri, dao dfle, phong ckch l a n h dao, q u a n ly.
Phfldng p h a p giang day, hpc tkp vkn nkng v l t r u y i n dat kidn thfle, chfla p h k t huy t i n h tich cfle, s a n g t a o cua
hpe vidn. Thidu sU lidn thdng giiia cac c i p hoc, cac he dko tao dkn den vide can bd phai hpe n h i l u l i n mot so' chuydn de, hpc p h i n . Quan ly dko tao cdn cd mat ydu kdm, n h i t lk quan ly tfl hpc eua hpc vien.
Chat Ifldng dpi ngu giang vidn, can bd quan ly dao tao edn cd mkt h a n chd. D i l u kidn vkt chat - ky thukt trong n h i l u ed sd dao tao cdn thieu thdn.
Ddi mdf manh me ndi dung, chutfng trinh giio due ly luan chinh tri
Trong bdi canh dk't nflde dang cd nhflng chuyen bid'n m a n h me trong t i t ca cae linh vflc, t h d gidi cd nhflng bid'n ddng khdn ludng, thdi cd
* ThS, Tap chi C^ng san S6l05l(9-2015)| 67
^ I
^ ^ D i i N OAMO61 THOAI
^ - r
vk thach thfle d a n x i hdi ndi dung, ^ P H ^
ddi g trinh LLCT phai dfldc ddi^mdi, cai tid'n, cap nhkt lidi flng yeu e i u euaj nhkm nkng caoi ckn bp cbu chdt t h d n g c h i n h t r i , nhidm vu chinh tri I do^n mdi, nang eao|
hieu qua boat ddng quan ly trong thfle ckc ehflc danh sau dao tao, bdi dfldng.
Thd nhat, ndi dung dao tao, bdi dfldng e i n dudc doi mdi cho skt hdp hdn vdi mue tieu dko tao vk yeu_cau cua thfle tidn. Ndi|
bao dam tinh hd"
tokn didn, ehui bdi dfldng the^
phfldng phap lukn.
ndi dung dko taol muc tidu can ban, n h i t lk nghiep vu, lanh dao, quan ly, ky nang xfl ly tinh hud'ng trongJ|iUc tien.
Do do, c i n ddi mdi g p i dung giang day theo ^ f l hUdng sau: ^ ^
- C i n nghien cflu, bd sung thdi gian thfle hidn chUdng t r i n h hidn nay (ca chudng trinh cao cap v k j M n g cip) di tkng thdi g i a n H n i e n cflu vk thfle hidn ekc^HLiem vu trong k h a u tfl hpe ciia hpc vien, c i n bd t r i ^ K m thdi gian td ehflc k i l m W a , danh gik gifla ky nhamjHiuc day trkch nhidm vk y Biflc hoc tkp eua hpc vidn. I 68 I sd 105 1(9-2015)
- Bd s u n g chfldng t r i n h mot so' npi dung nguyen ly ly luan cd sd chuyen nganh g i n vdi phan hpc ky nang cho phu hdp quy luat n h a n thfle va muc tieu ren luyen.
Thd hai, ve can b a n , chUdng trinh can dfldc cau tao t h a n h hai loai cd ban:
- Ddi vdi chUdng trinh dao tao dai han: La chUdng t n n h dao tao cd ban trung, cao cap LLCT, ap dung cho tat ea cac doi tUdng la can bp lanh dao chu cho't cua Dang, Nha nUde, doan the nhan dan eac cap vk dpi ngu can bp nam trong quy hoach du ngudn. De nang cao chat lUdng, hieu qua cua dao tao, sat hdp hdn vdi yeu cau eua thuc tiln, cung n h u yeu cku cua tflng loai doi tfldng hpc vien, chUdng trinh nay phai dupe cau tao theo nhieu loai Idp khac nhau. Su khac bidt dd dfla vao do phan chia cac loai Idp c6 the la cac tieu chi, n h u t r i n h do hpc van, chuyen mon, nganh, vung.
Viec phan chia cac dd'i tUdng theo chuyen mdn co the theo cae chuyen nganh ve cdng tac Dang, cong tac quan ly n h a nUdc, cong tac doan the. Vi vay, de bao dam dUdc muc tieu nay, trUdc het tat ca eac loai Idp van phai thfle hidn chUdng trinh cd ban ve LLCT, bao gdm cac mon hpc thupe ly luan Mac - Le-nin va tU tudng Ho Chi Minh. GiUa cac loai chUdng trinh nay can c6 sU khac bidt. Su khac biet
nky ehinh la nhkm dap flng sat yeu cku ciia tflng loai doi tUdng khac n h a u trong titng loai Idp. Do do, trong chUdng trinh giao due chinh tri, ngoai chUdng trinh chung, cdn c^n CO phan phu la kien thfle bo trd (bao gdm nhflng chuyen de phue vu ebo tflng loai 16p khac nhau). NhU vay, se co dieu kien thUe hien hien dai boa chUdng t r i n h giao due LLCT cho can bd lanh dao, q u a n ly theo tflng chuyen n g a n h co chat Ifldng, hieu qua cao hdn.
- Dd'i vdi chfldng trinh boi dUdng ngan han: Trong dieu kidn cu thd hien nay, can t&p t r u n g vao hai loai 16p boi dudng, bdi dudng chuyen sau ! theo chuyen de va boi du5ng, cap n h a t tri thfle m6i, boi dudng nang cao ky nang, nghiep vu, nang lUc chuyen mon cho cac ehflc danh can bo. ChUdng trinh bdi du3ng ngan han cho cae ehflc danh lanh dao la rk't can thiet b^i ngoai kien thfle dfldc tiep thu CO he thd'ng, can bp lanh dao, quan ly r a t can kid'n thiic chuyen sau d cac linh vUc phuc VU trUc tie'p cho cong tac ciia minh. Mat khac, phan kien thfle dao tao cho cac ehfle danh nay theo qua trinh edng tac da hi lac hku, c^n cap nhat nhflng tri thfle m6i ve ly luan, ky nang mdi trong lanh dao, quan ly nhkm nang cao hieu qua cdng tac cua cac ehflc danh lanh dao. ChUdng
r
,IJ.IIJ.l.l.U.IIJ,ll[l].J.I.|.»lBI^i trinh nay phu hpp vdi n h i l u
^ ddi tfldng hpc vidn, n h i t la
%[ ddi vdi can bp dfldng ehflc vfla
!i' phai bao dam cdng tac tai dia fQ phfldng vuta t h a m gia hpc tkp K de nkng cao t r i n h dp, k h a ills nkng cdng tac.
Ddi mdi phtftfng phap hoc r>. tap theo hudng tang cUdng b tliioiuin,xi-mi-nava
^ nghien cuTuthUctdtrong it hoc t i p lyiuan chinh trj
k Hinh thfle thao lu^n, HI xd-mi-na lk khku ed ban vk
la mdt phfldng phkp thieh l[iiil hdp trong hpc t a p LLCT.
ts; Thdng qua vide trao doi, thao
;tii luan, hpc vidn cd dilu ki$n bd ll sung kid'n thfle cho n h a u , [li] nam vflng nhflng kid'n thfle )]£ da hpc, ddng thdi phkt huy piil dfldc kha nkng suy nghi, skng ,-(. tao trong hpc t^p. Dae bi$t .^[ ddi vdi can bd ehi dao boat Jill ddng thfle tidn, dky chinh lk lijj dilu kidn d l hp trao ddi kinh
^. nghidm qua cdng tac thutc td Ijji d dia phfldng, bd, nganh, lk Iji; phfldng phkp hpe tap tdt nhk't
^ nhkm thfle hidn phfldng jjj chkm kd't hdp chkt che gifla IJI hpe vk hknh, gifla ly lukn vk
^ thutc tiln. Mkt khae, dfldi gdc J dp ly lu^n day hpc, day ehinh u lk phfldng phap hpe tkp hieu .^ qua n h i t . Van di dkt r a d dky lk 1km t h d nko d l nkng cao
^^ chk't Ifldng hpc tkp d khku
•^ nky. Thfle td cho thk'y, kdt qua hpc tkp d khku nay chfla cao, nguydn n h k n chu ydu lk , do phfldng phkp hfldng dkn
thao lukn, xd-mi-na cua giao vidn edn b a n chd; hpc vien chua cd sU chukn hi tdt, edn t h u dpng t r o n g hpe t k p . Chinh vi v^y, mudn nang cao chk't lUdng, hieu qua trong khku hpc tkp nay c i n ddi mdi npi dung vk hinh thfle cua eac budi thao lukn, xd-mi-na. V l ndi dung, de ckc buoi t h a o lukn, xd-mi-na ed chat Ifldng, e i n Ifla ehpn eac ehu di mang tinh vkn dung d l kieh thieh sfl nghien cflu, skng tao cua hpe vidn, t r a n h ndu nhflng ehu d l cd skn trong bki giang.
Tren cd sd dd, dknh thdi gian cho hpc vidn nghidn cflu, doc tai lidu, suy nghi Iskp d l cfldng c h u i n bi y kieh phkt bieu. Cd nhfl vky, hpc vidn mdi p h a t huy k h a nkng ddc Ikp, chu ddng trong hpc tap.
Mdt k h k u hpe t a p khae cung r a t q u a n trpng trong chfldng trinh giao due LLCT la di nghien cdu thUc td'. Hoat dpng nay hdt sfle phong phfl, da dang, mdi tfia phfldng, mdi vung d i u cd nhflng d^c trflng khkc n h a u . Do dd, vide td ehflc di nghien cflu thfle td cho hpe vidn chinh la tao dilu kidn cho hpe vidn t h a m nhkp thfle tidn, cung cd nhiing kid'n thfle da hpe trong trfldng, ddng thdi khai thae, tidp t h u nhflng k i n h nghidm d dia phUdng ban, v a n dung vko d i l u kidn cu t h i eua dia phfldng minh s a u khi hpc.
Ben canh nhiing h i n h thfle nghien cflu thfle td vkn thfle
hidn vdi eac Idp hpc d trdn, trong d i l u kidn hidn nay, c i n bd' tri thdi gian cho hpc vidn v l thfle tkp, cdng tac tai dia phfldng. Dieu nky r a t q u a n trpng, n h a t lk ddi vdi ekn bd dfl ngudn. Bkng qua t r i n h thfle tkp, thfle td nky, sau khi r a trfldng v l t h a m gia cdng tke tai dia phfldng, ho se hokn tokn thieh nghi vk ed t h i phat h u y tdt k h a nkng edng tac tren cfldng vi eua minh.
Doi mdi phutfng thuTc giao due ly luan chinh tri theo hirdng giao due ly luan phii gan lien vol ddi song thUc tien, bien qua trinh giao due thanh qua trinh tU giao due, lay ttf hoc la ehinh
Dky chinh lk mdt yeu cau hdt sfle q u a n trpng t r o n g cdng tkc giko due, nhk't lk giao due LLCT. Thfle hidn yeu cau giao due ly lukn phai gan l i l n vdi ddi sdng thfle tidn c h i n h lk thfle h i e n nguydn ly quan trpng n h i t eua ehu nghia Mac - Ld-nin v l sfl thd'ng nhk't giiia ly lukn vk thfle t i l n . Chi t r e n ed sd gkn liln ly lukn vdi thfle t i l n mdi dem lai kd't qua dich thfle. Chu tich Hd Cbi Minh ndi: Hpc ly lukn phai gan liln vdi thfle tiln, ehi trdn ed sd dd hoc tap ly lukn mdi thfle sfl cd kdt qua. Thfle hidn v i n d l nky, mdt mat npi dung giang day p h a i t a n g cfldng t i n h thfle tidn trong bai giang, hfldng vko n k n g Ifle giai SdlOS 1(9-2015) I 69
p
I I P BIPC/
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quydt v i n dl, tkp trung vko nang Iflc chuyen mdn chii yd'u nham cung e i p cho hpe vien nhflng phfldng tien chuyin dich tfl linh vflc hpc tkp sang linh vflc boat ddng thilc tiln;
c i n ehfl trpng nghien cflu thuc td' vk giang day theo tinh hud'ng. Phai ed kdhoach, cd d l cUdng hudng dkn eu the vk cd td ehflc thu hoach, kilm tra kd't qua nhkn thfle.
Ngoki ra, e i n tao cho hpc vidn cd kha nang tfl hpc di giflp hp hinh thknh phong ckch ddc Ikp trong nghien cflu vk ehu ddng trong qua trinh hpc tkp. Chi trdn ed sd dd, hpe vidn mdi cd the hieu biet mdt ckch sku sac vk nkm vflng nhflng vk'n di da hpc. Nhflng gi mk con ngUdi dat dUde bang sU tut luc, bkng y chi, b i n g nhiing boat ddng tU gikc cua minh thi nhflng dilu dd se trd ndn b i n vflng. Do dd, mudn hpe tkp dat hidu qua cao, nam vflng dfldc nhiing vkh d l ly lukn cd ban, ed kha nkng van dung nd mdt ckch nhuan nhuydn trong thfle tiln thi ngfldi hpe phai thfle hidn chu ydu bkng eon dfldng tfl hpc. Ndu hpc vidn thfle hidn dfldc dilu nky thi vide giang day tren Idp chi cdn ddng vai trd la hudng dkn, hd trd cho vide hpc tkp eua hpe vidn. Ddi vdi cdng tkc giko due LLCT, dky chinh lk phUdng phkp hidu qua nhk't, cd kha nkng dkp flng, phu hdp vdi tat ea ckc ddi tfldng
hpc vien d eac trinh dp khae nhau. De thfle hien van d l nky, phai c6 sfl chu dpng hudng dan ciia giao vien tfl k h a u giang bai cho de'n vide hudng d a n doc tai lieu, tU hpc. Giang vien p h a i biet each gdi md cac vk'n de, hudng hpe vien tap t r u n g nghien cflu, suy nghi; gidi thidu nhflng tai lieu t h a m khao can dpe va neu nhflng cau hoi, gdi md nhflng npi dung can tU hpe, t u n g h i e n cflu, De phfldng; phap nay dat hieu qua, ddi hdi giang vien phai hdt sfle viing vang v l kidn thfle, chu ddng trong quk trinh giang day.
Ren l u y i n , n i n g cao pham chat chinh t r j , tiT tudng, dao dure cho doi ngu g i i n g vien
Nang cao phim chat ehinh tri, tfl tfldng, dao dfle lk mdt trong nhflng yd'u td quan trpng hang d i u ddi vdi giang vidn LLCT. Trong dilu kidn hien nay, trfldc nhiing didn bidn phflc tap cua tinh hinh chinh tri trdn thd gidi, lk nhflng can bd lam edng t i e giao due, tuydn truyin eua Dang tren mkt trkn tfl tfldng, ddi ngu nky cang phai viing vkng hdn. De nkng cae phim chat ehinh tri, tfl tfldng, dao dfle eua ckn bd giang day, e i n quan tkm ckc mkt sau:
Mdt lk, ve chinh tri tu*
tudng, phai ludn ludn quan tkm bSi diidng, rdn luydn. Gifl viing Ikp trfldng phai dfl^c
t h i hidn bkng sfl t r u n g thanh tuyet dd'i vdi ly tudng cua chu nghia Mac - Le-nin, tu tUdng Ho Chi Minh. Chi tren cd sd t r u n g t h a n h vdi chu nghia Mac - Ld-nin, tU tudng Hd Chi Minh, tin tudng tuyet do'i vao ly tfldng each mang mdi cd the cung cd' cho minh vflng vang ve chinh tri tu tfldng. Dieu nay khdng chi giup cho mdi giang vien dutng vflng tren vi tri cua minh ma cdn la dieu kien de nang cao chat lUdng giang day, Chi co t h i dem dd'n cho ngfldi hpc mot nilm tin, sfl thuydt phuc thfle sfl ddi vdi ly tudng cad;
mang tren ed sd long tin(
vflng vang v l chinh tri,[
tudng, y thfle giac ngd cao c mdi giang vidn. Nilm tin nay phai dfldc ciing cd trdn ed • khoa hpc, trdn cd sd nam vfli^
ly lukn chu nghia Mac - Ld-nm, tfl tfldng Hd Chi Minh.
Trong dilu kidn hidn nay, mdt ydu e i u khdng thi thieu ddi vdi ngfldi giang vien LLCT lk phai cd sfl nhay cam v l ehinh tri, sfl skc sao khoa hpc trong vide phkn tich, nhkn dinh nhflng diln bien mdi cua tinh hinh kinh te, chinh tri thd gidi vk nhflng hidn tfldng nay sinh j sdng xa hdi. Mdi giang?
LLCT thfle chk't lk mot can b tuydn truyin cua D a n g ]
Hai la, b§n canh I phim chk't ve c h / n h f e | tifdng, ngudi g i i a g v i d i S l tri cdn e i n c6 phain chk't dao 70 I S6105 1(9-2015)
ddc tdt. P h i m chkt dao dfle d
I
dky khdng phai clii bieu theo nghia thdng thudng ma lk sU t h i hien ciia dao dfle each mang dfldc b i l u hidn trdn ckc m|it sau: Trfldc hdt, la sfl say md, nhidt tinh trong cdng tke giang day, nghien cflu khoa hpc. Dky chinh lk d i l u cd ban vi khdng t h i ndi den p h i m chit dao dfle chung chung ma phai dfldc bieu hidn bkng sfl cdng hidn, b a n g hidu q u a trong cdng tac. Hidu qua, nkng s u i t lao dpng ehinh lk thflde do p h i m chk't d^o dfle each mang eua mdi giang vidn LLCT
Mat khac, p h i m chk't dao dfle cua ngfldi giang vidn LLCT p h a i dupe thd hien nhu d i l u Hd Chu tich da day:
phai trd t h k n h k h u d n mku ve mpi mat dao dfle, t u tudng ciing nhu l l ldi lam vide. Day lk ydu td ed b a n khdng t h i thidu ddi vdi ngudi thay. Bdi vi mudn la ngfldi 1km cdng tac giao due t h i trfldc hdt phai trd t h k n h k h u d n mku cho ngfldi k h a c noi t h e o . Khudn mku v l m a t dao dfle, tfl tfldng la khdng de mac nhiing sai pham v l tfl each, d^o dfle; ludn ludn viing vkng v l tfl tfldng, khdng hi a n h hudng bdi nhflng tkc ddng tidu cue, ludn cd h a n h ddng kien quyd't dk'u t r a n h chd'ng cac hi$n tUdng nay. Trong d i l u ki^n bi$n nay, khi cac hi$n tupng tieu cute x u i t hi$n n h i l u trong xa hdi, thkm chi
ca trong mdt bd phkn can bd, dang vien, t h i dky t h a t sU lk d i l u phai dUdc q u a n t a m d^c bidt t r o n g mdi trUdng giko due.
Li ldi, tkc phong, phiidng phkp 1km viec khoa hoc lk b i l u hidn trong dao dfle mdi.
Dd tao cho hpc vidn cd dfldc tac phong, phfldng phkp lam vide khoa hpc, ngfldi t h i y ciing phai trd t h k n h khudn mku dien hinh. Tkc phong, II ldi 1km viec trong giko due dfldc the hidn trdn nhieu mkt, tfl tkc phong trong sinh boat, tke phong trong giang dety, trong quan hd ddi xit, trong tfl duy. T i t ea nhiing d i l u nay phai trd t h k n h mku mfle d ngfldi thiy. Ddi vdi hpe vien, dkc bi$t hpc vien trong eke trfldng ehinh tri, hp den trfldng hpc khdng chi tidp t h u nhiing kid'n thfle v l LLCT ma edn la ndi t u dfldng, rdn luyen v l dao dfle, chinh tri, tfl tfldng. Vi vky, di dat dfldc kdt qua dd, ban thkn nhiing ngfldi t h i y p h a i trd t h k n h t i m gUdng sang v l eke mat nky.
Day chinh lk nhiing ydu e i u cd ban ddi vdi giang vidn, dkc bidt ddi vdi giang vidn tre.
De nkng cao chk't lUdng cua d^i ngu ckn bd giang day, song song vdi vi$c ren luyen v l dao dfle, c h i n h tri, tU tudng, nkng cao trinh do chuyin mdn lk mdt ydu e i u hdt sfle q u a n trpng. Vi chi trdn cd sd nkng eao t r i n h dp chuyen mdn cua giao vidn
sxs^aoEsm
mdi cd the nang cao dfldc chk't Ifldng, hidu qua trong giao due dko tao.
Chu trong den ch^d9^ ehinh sach doi vdi doi ngii cin bd lam cdng tac giio due ly luan chinh trj; tCiftig bUde 66\
moi, hien tfai hoa v i ctf sd vat chat nham nang cao chat liTotng, hieu q u i giio due lyiuan chinh tri
Hien nay, theo quy dinh, dpi ngu giang vidn lam cdng tac giko due LLCT da dfldc q u a n t a m n h i l u hdn. Tuy nhidn, trdn thfle td', t h u nhkp eua dpi ngu nky so vdi cae ngknh, linh vfle khae vkn thk'p. Thfle td' nay ddi hdi eac nganh bflu quan c i n tidp tuc chu trpng n h i l u hdn ddn che' dp, ehinh skeh cho dpi ngu giang vien de dpi ngu nay thfle sfl yen tkm vdi n g h i , mang hdt kha nkng cua minh ddng gdp cd hidu qua vko quk t r i n h giang day, nghidn cflu LLCT
Chat Ifldng, hieu qua cua edng tac giko due LLCT ph\i thudc rk't Idn vko d i l u ki$n, cd sd vkt c h i t . Cd sd vkt chk't d dky bao gdm tokn bp cd sd ha tang vdi ckc d i l u ki^n vkt c h i t , nhfl nhk cuta vk ckc phfldng tidn phuc vu cho giang day, hpc tkp, phuc vy cho sinh ho^t. Mudn cd c h i t lUdng, hieu q u a giko due LLCT cao, phai trdn ed sd nhflng d i l u kidn cd sd vkt chat hidn dai I
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