KNOA HOC VA GANG NGHE MO
^ NGHllN CUU TUYEN TACH ANTIMON-ASEN TRONG QUANG DO KIM flNTIMON-VRNG V U N G H A G I A N G - T U Y E N Q U A N G
ThS. T R A N THI HiiN. TS. D A O DUY ANH Vi$n KH&CN Mo-Luyen kim PGS.TS. T R A N BtfC QUY. TS. PHAM OCPC CU-dNG
Trwrnig Dai hoc Cong nghi$p Ha Ndi
Q
uaing antimon (Sb) Vi#t Nam c6 tru lupng khbng 16'n, theo cac nghien cuu tham db, danh gia dja chdt, t i n g tru lupng tdi nguy§n tiy bao co khoang 1.5 trieu tan tgp trung a cactihhrTuyen Quang, Hba Binh, Nghe An, Hd Giang, Qudng Ninh, Ldm 06ng,... Ciing voi cdc khodng san Au, Sn, Pb-Zn, Cu, dat hilm...khodng san Sb la mbt trong nhung loai khoang san quan trpng phan bb d Miln Bac Viet Nam.
Quang antimon dup'c phdt hidn vd dua vao khai thac tLP nhO-ng nam 1910. Quang ton tai o 2 dgng:
quaing sul^a antimon vd qudng oxyt antimon, mbt so vDng cbn chi>a vdng cpng sinh nhu: Nghe An, Tuydn Quang hay Hba Binh.
Be qua trinh khai thac, c h i biln quang Sb cua mo Antimon C6c Tay, huypn Chiem Hba, Tuydn Quang hudng to'i tieu chf khai thac, che biln hpp ly va su dpng hieu qua tiet kiem tai nguyen viec nghien cuu xay dung quy trinh cong nghe tuyen phu hpp nham nang cao ham lupng Sb, giam cac tpp chat trong quang tinh Sb, dap ung dupc tieu chuin nguyen lieu cho luyen kim la hit sue co y nghTa. Vi vdy, "Nghien cuu kha nang tuyin tdch antimon-asen trong qugng antimon mb C i c Tdy, huydn Chidm Hba, tinh Tuyen Quang" Id hit sO-c can thilt. Dk xuat quy trinh cbng nghd tuyin hodn thien cho phep thu dup'c quang tinh antimon dap ung yeu ciiu nguydn lipu cho luydn kim.
Bai bao, trinh bdy mpt so k i t qua nghien cuu kha nang, tuyin tdch antimon-asen trong quang antimoji mo Coc Tdy, huyen Chidm Hoa, Tuydn Quang, nham hoan thidn cbng nghe tuyin vd cdc chi tieu cbng nghe phD hpp cho phep thu hbi t l i da luong Sb, lo^i tap chit cb hai As, dong thdi d l xuat quy trinh cbng ngh0 co khd nang triln khai vao thuc t l san xuat.
1. Mau va phvo'ng phap, trinh tir nghien cu'U 1.1. Mau nghien cii'u
Mau nghien cuu cbng nghd do Cbng ty Co phdn Phat trien Tai nguyen vd IVlbi trudng Viet Nam lay mau theo dung quy trinh lay mau cbng nghd, dam bao tinh dai didn vd cdp cho Vien KH&CN iVIb-Luyen kim. Mdu cb khbi lupng 10.000 kg, dmax=100 mm, dupc gia cbng, gian lupc den dp hat -2mm phuc vu cbng nghe tuyen.
1.2. Phuvng phap, trinh tu> nghi§n cieu
<* Nghien cuu tai lieu, thu thap thbng tin, phdn tich, ddnh gid ve tong quan ly thuylt tuyen, luydn antimon trong nudc va the gidi.
• SCP dung phuong phap phdn tich, phuong phap thyc nghidm trong phbng de xac djnh kha nang tiln xu ly, thdnh phin, ddc diem, xac djnh muc phan bb cua Sb, As trong tCrng cap hat; tCr 66 tien hanh nghien cuu dp dung cbng nghe tuyen de tim ra cac thbng s l hpp ly d l cb the thu hoi dupc qupng tinh antimon phuc vu khdu xu ly tilp theo.
• Cbng tdc nghien cuu dupc triln khai tai Phbng Cbng ngh§ Tuyin khoang thubc Vien Khoa hpc va Cbng nghd Mb-Luydn kim, Bb Cbng Thuong.
Thilt bj phuc vu nghidn cuu gom:
• Thilt bj gia cbng: Mdy ddp ham 100x150 mm; Mdy ddp true 150x250 mm; May sang rung 300x600 mm; Mdy nghiin bi sdt 1 lit, 7 lit;
• Thilt bi nghidn cdu tuyin: ban dai thi nghidm 450 x 1000 mm; vit ddng cj)600 RS-LG- 7D (Australia); mdy tuyin da trpng lyc Mozley;
Mdy tuyin not 0,5 lit vd 1,0 Ift; may tuyin noi Denver 2,5 lit; Mdy tuyin noi Mekhanobr 8 lit, 3 Ift; hd thing thilt bj tuyin pilot; may khuay thuoc tuyen; tCi sly; bb ray tieu chuan; cdc dung cu, vdt tu can thiet cho thi nghipm;
CONG NGHIEP MO. S6 3 - 2 0 1 6
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHl MO
• Cbng tac phdn tich d u p c t h y c hien tai:
T r u n g tdm Phan tich Hoa ly thubc Vien Khoa hpc va Cbng nghe M6-Luydn k i m , Vien Nghien c u u Dia chdt v d Khoang s d n , Trung tam Phan tich va Thl nghidm D j a chat.
2. K e t q u a n g h i d n c u u
2.1. Nghien cu'U thanh phan vdt chat Cac k i t qua nghien c d u thanh phan vgt chat m a u cho thdy khoang vpt cb trong mau la antimonit vd valentinit v d l ham l u p n g khbng cao, ngodi ra c b n gap n h u n g vay graphit v d i s6 l u p n g khbng I d n . D p hat x d m nhiem cua khodng vat cb ich khbng d i n g deu dao dbng t d vai chgc micromet d i n 1 mlllmet. Khoang vat tgo da Id da phien silic-set giau vat c h i t h u u c o cb n h i l u gan mach thgch anh xuydn cat, cac khoang vdt trong m i u cb d g n g vay, hgt m e o m b b i l n tinh tdp trung thanh dai keo ddi theo p h u o n g djnh h u d n g . M l u cb thanh phdn hba n h u Bang 1 .
Bang Thanh phSn Ham luo'ng, %
1. Thinh phan
Sb
5,285 As
1,78 Au,g*
1,3
vat chit miu nghiin ciru
SiOz 57,60
FezO:
4,62 CaO
13,82 Zn
5,53 AI2O3
5,46
Ket qua phdn tich cho thay m d u quang antimon nghien c d u thubc loai ngheo. Kim loai quy di k e m la vdng v d i ham l u p n g Au=1,3 g/T; hdm l u p n g antimon Sb=5,285 %; ham l u p n g asen As=1,78
%, ngodi ra c o n nhieu tgp chat khac. V i vdy, cbng tdc nghien c u u cbng nghe tuyen se tap trung vao thu hoi quang tinh tap h p p antimon -asen, sau do tach A s e n trong quang tinh tdp h p p .
2.2. Nghien cu-u chi dd tuyin tap hgp 2.2.1. Che dp nghien qu$ng
K i t qua thl nghidm cho thay dp mjn nghien toi u u la 8 7 , 2 0 ^ 9 , 2 0 % cdp hat -0,074 m m , qudng tinh tap h p p antimon-asen Ihu d u p c cb ham lupng psb=25,85
% t u o n g ung muc t h y c thu dat Esb=80,07 %. D i l u nay cung chdng to dp hat can thiet cho tuyen noi mdu nghien c d u la t u o n g doi mjn.
2.2.2. Ch4 dp thuoc tuyen
• Xac djnh c h i db thubc d i l u chinh mbi tnj-dng.
D b i v d i m l u nghien c d u nay, dd tien hanh thi nghiem d i l u chinh mbi t r u d n g bang xoda (Na2C03). T u k i t qua cac t h i nghidm cho thay v d i pH=7,5-^8 thu d u p c ket qua tot nhat. Qudng tinh thb thu d u p c la tot nhat, cb thu hoach Id co ham iLfpng psb=25,15 % t u o n g ung m u c t h u c thu dat
£sb=85,07 %. Cac thi nghiem t i l p se d i l u chTnh mbi t r u d n g trong khoang tren.
• K i t qud thf nghiem x a c djnh c h i d ^ kich dpng Sb. D o i v d i m a u nghidn c u u , thiiffl dbng d u o c dung d e t h i nghi$m Id chi acetaf ( C 0 0 ) 2 P b ) . Ket qua thf n g h i d m cho thay v d i d chi acetat (C2H2 ( C O O ^ P b ) d m d c 800 g/t c"
qua cao h o n cd v d i thu hogeh q u a n g tmh t ' Id 17,91 %; ham l u p n g S b 25,41 %, d n g v thu 86,58 % Sb. C a c thi nghigm t i l p theo s t h u l c kich dbng la chi acetat v o i chi p h f i d f
• Xdc dmh c h i dp thuoc t d p h o p D o j \ nghidn c d u d d tien hanh thi nghi$m v d i tJn|
h p p la butylxantat (C4H9COSSNa). K 4 t - | ^ nghiam cho t h i y v d l chi phf t h u l c butylxantat 250 g/t cho ket q u a cao h o n c hoach qugng tinh t a p hp'p 7=19,71 %, h ^ antimon psb=25,81 %, d n g v o i t h u c t h u E hdm luo'ng asen pAs=8,34 % C a c thl n ^ theo se dung thuoc tao bpt la b u ^ x a n ^ 250 g/t.
• X d c dinh che db t h u o c tgo b o t B^
nghidn c d u , dd tien h d n h thi n g h i g m \ _^
bpt Id Montanol 8 0 0 . K i t q u a thi n g h f | i | v d i chi p h i Montanol 800 k h o d n g I S O i j qua kha t i t v d i thu hogeh q u d n g i y=19,92 %; ham l u p n g a n t i m o n psb=^5i*^
v d i t h u c thu 91,05 %, ham l u o n g i
%. C d c thf nghiem t i l p theo dOng thUjIc?
Montanol 800 v d i chi phf 150 g/t D e nang cao m u c t h y c t h u a n t i m S hanh nghidn c d u thf n g h i e m t u y i n v e t * | nghidn c d u cho t h a y doi v o i m i u nghidi cdn 2 ldn tuyen vet la d u .
T u cac thf n g h i e m nghidn c u u ch'f cho thay ham l u p n g Sb t r o n g q u a n g i CO ham l u p n g psb=27,16 %, tuy n h i d n ' ^ A s rdt cao P A S = 8 , 3 6 % c h u a dat t h u o n g p h i m cap c h o luyen k i m (Xem j B ^
S a n g 2. Kit qud tuyen thu hoi qu§lr^
hap Sb-As V*|
San phSm Qu0ng d i u Quang thai Quang tinh tap hp'p
Thu ho?ch,%
100,00 81,86 18,14
Hamlu'i?ngp,%
Sb 5,36 0,53 27,16
As 1,86 0,42 8,36
T h U ' c t t j i B Sb 100,00
8,09
91,9fl
2.3. Nghien ciru chi dd tuyin c/ion r tach asen)
De nang cao chat lu'O'ng quang t n h dip^
tieu cua d ^ tai, da tien hanh nghian ciJu tu\
tuyen chgn rieng quSng tinh t i p hop S b - A s ' i ^ CONG NGHIEP NIO, SO 3 - 2 0 1 6
KHOA H i c VA CaNG NGHl I
_^m
qugng tinh Sb dgt chat lupng vd sdn pham giau As.
Kit qua nghien cdu da khang c^nh d l friu dupc quang tinh Sb dat chat lupng, nhlt thilt phai tuyin tinh 1, lan va 5 khau tuyin tach.
2.3.1. Chi dp khdu tuyin tach
• Nlhg dp pha ran: R=20 %;
• pH mbi trudng NaaCOs: pH=9,5-^10,5;
• Chi phi thubc kich dbng (CUSO4): 50 g/t;
• Ghl phf thupc tgp hpp Butylxantat: 50-i-70 g/t, khudy tiep xuc 5 phut;
• Thuoc tgo bpt Moltanol 800: 20 g/T.
2.3.2. Nghiin CCPU svdo tuyin Td kit qud thi nghidm cac dilu kign vd che dp tuyen cac mau don le, da tiln hanh nghien cdu tiep vdi so do tuyen vbng kfn. Day Id lan cuoi nham kilm tra lgi cdc dieu kien vd c h i dp tuyin, ding thdi cung d l khang djnh Igi cac chi tidu cong nghd tuyin noi cb the dat dupc trong phbng thf nghiem doi vdi mau quang nghidn cuu.
Da tien hdnh nghien cdu so do cbng nghg vbng kfn the hien tren H.1. K i t qua tuyen tong hpp the hien 0 Bang 2.
QMang tinh Sb Quang thil H. 1. De xuit sa do cdng nghe tuyin nil antimon, tdch asen miu nghien ciru Bdng 2. Ket qud tong hap tuyin mau qudng
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' Ham lupng p (%) Sb
40,68 , 17,13 liiiiPi^^ *
wmm ^
As "
0 75 14,47 0,52 i 1,75
Thyc thu E (%)
" 'Sb 62,42 27,79 9,79 100,00
As 3,51 71,79 ''^
24,70 ~"
100,00 _nii,
CONG NGHIEP MO, SO 3 - 2 0 1 6
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO
K§t qua tuyen theo So' d6 da nhan duac quang tinh Sb Vffi cht tieu kl thuat tu'ong d6l cao;ham lu'ong Sb dat yeu cSu luyen Sb kim lo?l va dap ling myc tieu de tSi da dat ra. San phSm quang tinh antimon cuoi cOng nhan du'oc co ham luong PJ,^=40,68 %, v * i thyc thu Sb la £sb=62,42 %. San pham giau asen 06 ham lyong |3A8=1't,47 %, v6i thyc thu Sb la EM.71,79 %. Quang thai nhSn duoc CO ham lu'ong Psb=0,63 %, vcPi phan bo Sb trong thai la Esb.9,79 %
3. K i t luan
& quy m6 phong thi nghiem da nghien CCPU hoan thi#n thanh cong quy trinh tuyen thu hoi quang tinh tap hop Sb-As sau do tuyen tach asen mo Coc Tay, huyen Chiem Hoa, Tuyen Quang.
K i t qua nghign ciru thanh phan v§t chat cho thay:
Khoang vat chinh trong quang antimon - mo C6c Tiy, Chiem Hoa. Tuyen Quang bao gom cac khoang v9t: Stibnit (6+8 %), quartz (55+59 %), arsenopyrlt, pyrit, sphalerlt, kim loai quy nhu' vang (Au - vai hat co kloh thif6c <0,05 mm) va cac phi quang khac nhu'; cacbonat (canxit), sericit,... So hat cac khoang vSt co ich dao dong tip vai chuc micromet d i n mgt vai mlllmet va xam nhiem tuong d6i d6ng deu trong cac cap hgt.
Da xac djnh dyoc che do nghiin hop ly va che do thuoc tuyen cho cQng doan tuyin thu hdi quang tinh tap hep Sb-As va c6ng doan tuyin tach As. Da xac dmh du'g'c s6 l l n tuyin tinh, tuyen vet thich hgp. Tiln tianh thi nghifm luyen vong kin sCp dung phu'ong phap tuyin noi tap hgp -chgn rieng cho k i t qua rat t i t . San pham quang tinh antimon cuoi cung nhan du'oc co ham lu'ong Psb=40,68 %, voi thyc thu Sb [i esb=62,42 %. San pham giau asen co ham lygng PAS=14,47 %, vol thyc thu asen la eAs=71,79 %. Quang thai nhan du'gc CO ham lu'ong Psb=0,63 %, vol phan bo Sb trong thai la Esb=9,79 %.
D l tai hoan thanh mo ra trien vgng XCF ly du'gc quang antimon nguyen khai mo Cic Tay, huyen Chiem Hoa, Tuyen Quang, co ham lygng antimon asb=5,28 %, ham lygng asen aAs=1,78 %, co thanh phan Vcit chit, thanh phan hoa hoc tyong ty nhu' m l u nghien CLFU, tang san lugng va hieu qua kinh t l . n
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Nguyin Van Binh. Khoang hoa quang antimon. Nha xuit ban Khoa hge Ty nhien va cang nghe. Nam 2008.
2. Thai Quy Lam va nnk. D l an "Tim kilm va tim kilm danh gia khoang san antimon tinh Ha
Giang". Nam 1994. s, 3. Tryong VanThuan. Phyong an t h j
xu-ong tuyin qu§ng antimon D4m H S n g ^ Quang. Vien Luyf n kim nay te KH&CN MW*
kim. Nam 1974.
4. Tran Thj Hien. Nghien oCfu hodn Uuy, nghe tuyin qu$ng antimon mo M|lu P u | Giang. Nam 2012.
5. Environmental aspects of seleS ferrous metals (Sb, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn., mining. Technical report series No5,
6. http://mlnerals.usgs.gov/minerals 7. http://wvmv.metalprices.com/
Ngirin bien tap: Tran Van Tl^ch Tir khoa: cong nghd tuyin tacft; til'1„
quang da kim antimon, d nhiSm mdi trv&ng Ngay nhan bai: 14 thing 08 nam 2015
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1. Ban can phai thay het, nghe t h i t Napoleon Bonaparte.
2. Co tai chya du ma con can phaij dung tai. Allans Alphonse.
3. Lya sach ma dpc cung nhy lya bEiti|
chcri. Hay coi chipng gap ban gia. Damif^
4. Ban se hilu dyo'c mOt con ngyoi k h , ^ phai a nhCfng thai kliac thuan Ign ma IS t r ^ canh khon cCing. Miguel Rodrigo.
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CtNG NGHIEP MO, Sfl 3 - 2 0 1 6