Chao mimg 35 nam thanh lap T m n g tam Luu tru quoc gia II (1976-2011) So 11/2011
HOAT DQNG C O A C A C N H A C A C H MANG VIET NAM QUA T A I LIEU LlfU TRO* C O A THIJC D A N P H A P
- Nghien ciru ve \nrimq hgp Tran Van Giau
TS. PHAM THI HUt, TS. NGU VEN XUAN HOAI suu tam TS. PHAN VAN HOANG trich dfch
ITS: Giu-a nhirng nam 1931, Trhn Vdn Giau diwc td chux dura sang Lien Xo hpc tgi Tru&ng Dgi hpc Dong Phumtg Matxco^a, .Mini 1933, dng bdo vf thanh cong de tai tot nghiep "I an de rupng dat & Dong Duomg", sau dd tr& ve nu&c. Tr& ve Sdi Gdn, ong tham gia to chuc Igi Xir uy Nam Ky, tham gia xudt ban t& bdo C& do va bp sdch Cpng san Tung thu. V&i nhihig hogt dgng chong chinh quyen thuc dan cong khai cua minh, ngdy 25/6/1935, ong bi tda dn Phdp tgi Sdi Gon ket dn 5 ndm til vd 10 nam qudn thuc vi tpi hogt dong Igt do chinh quyen. Nhdn ky niem 100 nam ngdy sinh cua ong, Tgp chi Vdn thu Liru trit Vi^t Nam tran trpng gui t&i bgn dpc bdi viet ve hogt dpng cdch mgng cua Tran Van Gidu qua nghien ciru tdi li^u luu trir thuc ddn Phdp cua dong tac gid Phgm Thj Huf, Nguyen Xuan Hoai vd Phan Vdn Hoang.
0 thdi Phap thuge, cd nhieu nha each mang phai cdng tae bf mat Uong ldng dich, do vay.
mgi viee lam eiia hg ehi dugc ghi Uong tri nhd chu khdng the ehep ra giay. Nhieu hoat dgng ciia hg ed the se khdng dugc h^u the biet den neu khdng cd nhirng tai lifu, tu lifu luu trii ciia thyc dan Phap.
Tai thdi diem dd, gidi cam quyin Phap da tung nhieu mat tham va diem chi vien de bi mat theo ddi cac nha each mang. Mat khac, trong cae nha tii, ehiing dimg mgi bifn phap, tir ham dga den tra tan, de tim cac thdng tin. Ngoai cac bao cao dot xuat, ea quan mat tham cac cap 20
(tinh/thanh, ky, lien bang) deu soan cac bao cao tong hgp hang thang. hang quy ve hoat dpng ciia cac td chuc va cac ca nhan yeu nude ehdng Phap. Tuy nhien, cac thdng tin va nhan djnh do eae mat tham va diem chi vien eung cap khdng phai luc nao eiing diy dii va chinh xac. Mat khac, cac nha each mang khi bi bat ludn tim each ehe giau cac sy kien hoae khai bao sai sir that de giii bi mat cho td ehirc, bao \ e ddng chi, ddng ddi hay danh lac hudng dieu tra ciia dieh.
Trong dip ky niem lan thir 100 ngay sinh cua Bi thu Xir u> Nam Ky - Giao su Sir hoc Tran Van Giau, chung tdi suu tam va trich dich mgt sd tai lifu ciia cac ea quan mat tham Phap (Phdng Phil Thdng ddc Nam ky dang dugc bao quan tai Trung tam Luu trir qudc gia II) lien quan den nhitng hoat ddng cua nha each mang nay tir 31/8/1933 (ngay dng dugc biu lam Bi thu Xu iiy) den ngay 29/7/1935 (ngay dng bi day ra nha Iao Cdn Dao). Thdi gian chi vdn v?n 2 nam nhung cac tai lifu kha phong phu. Dieu dd cho thay m?it tham Phap theo ddi nha each m ^ g mgt each sat sao va lien tyc.
Cuoi nam 1932 cho den diu nam 1933, Trin Van Giau rdi Tmdng Dai hge Phuong Ddng d Matxcava (Lien Xd) ve nude. Vao luc ay, Xu uy Nam Ky vira bi Phap pha vd, phSn ldn Xu uy vien bi sa vao tay giac. Liic nay, ong Giau 1^ phai bit tay ngay vao vifc khdi phuc lai td chiic. Ngay 31/8/1933, dai difn cac ca so Dang d Nam Ky deu ddng thanh biu dng lam Bi thu Xu uy. Tai lifu cua Sd Mat tham Nam Ky nhan dinh sy kifn nay '"ddnh ddu mgt giai
Chao mimg 35 nam thanh lap Trung tam Luu trir quoc gia II (1976-2011) So 11/2011
dogn quan trpng cua viec tdi lap Ddng Cpng san Dong duong a Nam Ky" Din din, dng thanh lap cac Dac uy mien Ddng, Vam Cd Ddng va mien Tay. Trong nira sau nam 1934, nhan liie Ban Chap hanh Trung uong ehua duge tai lap, dng ed sang kien eai td hf thdng td chuc Dang: giai the Xu uy Nam Ky, thanh lap Dang uy lien dia phuang Nam Ddng Duong de chi dao cdng tae Dang d 4 dia phuang: mien Nam Trung Ky, mien Ddng Nam Ky, mien Tay Nam Ky va Campuchia. Cudi nam 1934 va dau nam 1935, 2 lan dng sang Ao Mdn (Macao, Trung Qudc) de tham dy Dai hdi Dai bieu toan qudc lan tliu 1 ciia Dang.
Ong ve nudc khdng bao lau thi bj bat (19/4/1935). Sau hom 2 thang giam cam, ngay 25/6/1935. thue dan Phap dua dng va eac ddng chi eua dng ra tda. Bao eao eua thye dan Phap ghi nhan: ''Trong phien tog Trdn Vdn Gidu dd chiu hodn todn trdch nhiem ve viec to chirc lgi Ddng Cpng sdn Dong Ducmg & Nam Ky " Vao liic 18 gid 30 phiit ngay hdm ay, Tran Van Giau bi tda ket an 5 nam tii giam va 10 nam bift xu.
Bao eao eua Phap eho biet: "Sau khi bdn dn dugc tuyen, todn the cdc ngu&i can dn (trit Jean Deschamps) dd bieu tinh, theo kh&i xu&ng cua Trdn Vdn Gidu, ho to: "X6-viet muon ndm! Dd ddo bon de quoc!" Bi giam d Kham Ldn Sai Gdn, dng tiep tue lanh dao dau tranh. Mat tham Phap cho biet: Sang 28/7, theo "sy xiii giue"
cua Tran Van Giau, khoang 30 tu nhan chinh tri tuyet thue phan ddi. Ngay chieu hdm sau, dng bi dua xudng tau "Todn quyen Merlin" day ra Cdn Dao.
Nhu da ndi d Uen, tai lifu cua Mat tham Phap khdng phai liic nao eiing chinh xac. Ching han tai lieu nay eua Phap eho biet:
* Ong vl lai Sai Gdn ngay 20/3/1935 chir khdng d lai Ao Mdn dy Dai hdi Dang (td chuc tir ngay 27 den ngay 31/3);
* Ong la liy vien Ban Chip hanh Trung uomg Dang.
Ca hai ehi tilt dd diu sai, vi theo thu de ngay 31/3/1935 cua Ban Chi huy d ngoai cua Dang Cdng san Ddng Duang gui Qudc tl Cdng
san, Hd Nam (bf danh eua dng Giau) la "dgi bieu tgi Dgi hpi viri lu cdch lu vdn (...) khdng dugc bau vdo Ban chdp hdnh Trung irong Do dd, eac tai lifu luu trii- ciia thuc dan Phap la mpt ngudn tham khao cd fch, nhung ngudi nghien euu van phai than trpng khi sir dung, can ddi chieu vdi eae ngudn tu lifu khac.
Tdi li$u T. Hoat dgng ciia Dang Cpng san Dong Du'oug d Nam Ky (tu- 31/8 den 15/9/1933) - Tai lieu cua Canh sat Dong Dmmg - Nam Ky - Ban 1, Sai Gdn, 15/9/1933^
Mdt hdi nghi eae dai bieu Dang Cpng san hpp ngay 31/8/1933 tai nha ciia "ngudi tir Nga ve" Tran Van Giau da danh dau mdt giai doan quan Ugng eiia vifc tai lap Dang Cdng san Ddng Duomg d Nam Ky. Chua ed the xac dinh mdt each ehinh xae danh saeh nhiing dai bieu ed mat d hdi nghj nay, nhung Sd mat tham Nam Ky tin chac rang hdi nghi da trifu tap dai bieu eae td ehue khae nhau eiia vimg ngoai thanh Sai Gdn - Chg Ldn va eae tinh ma Tran van Giau da nd lue mdt each dac biet nhat. Dae uy Hau Giang Long [Xuyen] - Chau [Ddc]
Rach [Gia] - Ha [Tien] duge mdi tham du, nhung da khdng gui dai bieu tdi (...)
Mac dil vang mat eae dai bieu eua Dae uy Hau Giang L.C.R.H. cd anh hudng Uai rpng Uen mdt phan dang ke eua mien Tay Nam Ky, Hdi nghi ngay 31/8/1933 tuyen bd cd dii tu each de bau Xu iiy Nam Ky gdm 6 cdng nhan, 1 tri thuc va 2 nha each mang chuyen nghifp ed ngudn gdc ndng dan. Mdt vai quyet dinh eua eac dai bieu dang dupe dac bift luu y:
1. Mdt Dac uy Ddng Nai se duge thanh lap de tnen khai vife tuyen tmyen Uong eac tinh Ba Ria, Bien Hda va Thii Dau Mdt, tai nhiing tmh nay cac td chuc Cdng san hinh nhu chi mdi phdi thai.
2. Tai lap cac can cu Uong cac tinh My Tho, Tan An va Gd Cdng, d nhimg tinh nay eac phin tu each mang dang do dy diu Uanh edng khai Udlai.
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Chao mimg 35 nam thanh lap T m n g tam Luu trir quoc gia II (1976-2011) So 11/2011 3. Tiln hanh tuyen truyen trong cac xi
nghiep ky nghc vimg Sai Gdn, dja ban hoat dpng thuan lgi nhat.
4. Ndi chung. cdng nlian ging sire nim sy chi dao cac to ehirc cdng doan hay each m ^ g .
5. Phd bien rdng rai cac tap saeh nhd, truyen dan va tap chf do Xir iiy Nam Ky xuat ban va dac biet la cac sach ciia Tran Van Giau.
6. Mgt Dac uy Hau Giang ed le se dugc lap dc tlia> the hay dl tliu hut Dac uy Hau Giang Long-Chau-Rach-Ha hien nay (...)
Dang bg Sai Gdn tilp tue phd bien Tgp chi (Ym^ san, bao CV) Do va eae saeh nhd ky nifm cudc ndi da> d Nghc An. hay viet ve chii nghTa I,en in....
Dang bp Dire Hda (Chg Ldn) luu hanh Uuyen dan ky ten Dae iiy Vam Cd Ddng td cao
\ iec cac dien chu thu thue qua nang va tfnh chat phan ddng ciia tuyen tmyen Cao Dai.
Ndi chung. eac bai da kieh do Xii iiy Nam Ky in cd trinh do ly luan kha cao, vife nghien curu cac bai ay gay khd khan cho quan chiing, phai dugc cae nha ly luan dja phuang thao luan
\ a ehii thich Uong cae hdi bi mat.
( . . . )
Tai lieu 2: Hoat dpng cua Dang Cong san Dong Duong d Nam Ky (tir 30/9/1933 den 15/10/1933) - Tai lieu cua Canh sat Dong Duo-ng Nam Ky Ban 1, Sai Gdn, 15/10/1933^
Xir uy Nam Ky theo dudi edng tac tai td chiirc tai vimg ngoai thanh rgng ldn cua Sai Gdn va tien hanh nhieu cuge van dgng nhim myc dich nay. bd sung bang vifc gui tai lifu. Mgt td chirc mdi. Dac iiy Trung Giang, mdi dupc thanh lap nham md rpng anh hudng cua Dang Uong cac tinh Sa Dec, VTnh Long, Tra Vinh, Ben Tre va My Tho. Co quan cua Dac iiy Trung Giang dat tai Tra Vinh tmdc khi ddi tdi Tam Binh (VTnh Long). Dac uy cho xuat ban sd diu tien (khdng ghi ngay) cua td bao bi m$t Tien len.
Mdt td bao khac cd tya Tinh thdc se xuat ban nay mai d Tam Binh (...)
Sd m^t tham Nam Ky dae bift chu y tdi mli quan hf giii'a nhdm bf mat do Tran Van Giau lanh d^o vdi nhdm chf hoat dpng hpp phap dudi sy chi huy cua Nguyen Van Tao va Tran Van Thgch nhiing tin tiic lupm lat dupe mdi day cho ph6p tin ring hai nhdm nay nhim tdi mdt muc dfch duy nhit, tuan theo nhirng ehi thi giong nhau va nhdm nay hoat dpng hpp phap, nhdm kia tuyen tmyIn bi mat, nhung ca hai nhim sir dyng tot nhit mpi kha nang de diu tranh each mgng.
( . . . )
Nhiing dilu kifn va hau qua cua \ ifc Tran van Giau b} bit d Ba Hom (Chg Ldn) ngay 13/10 dang la dl tai eiia mdt cuge dieu tra dac bift ciia Sd Mat tham Nam Ky va se dugc binh luan Uong ban chu dan nira thang mdt Ian sap toi.
Tai lifu 3: Hoat dpng ciia Dang Cpng san Ddng Ducmg d Nam Ky (tur 15/10 den 31/10/1933) Tai U|u ciia Canh sat Ddng Dinmg Nam Ky - Ban 1, Sai Gdn, 02/11/1933^
Tran Van Giau. ngudi td chiic lai Dang Cgng san Ddng Duomg d Nam Ky \ a la thu linh cua Xu uy Nam Ky hifn nay, da hi bat 13/10/1933 d Ba Hom (Chg Ldn) bai cae hao myc ciia lang va giao cho Bifn ly cudc vi ly do mang va sir dyng the thue than cua ngudi khac;
sd tien 600$ quy ciia Dang Cdng san dugc tim thay tren ngudi anh ta va dugc giri lai cho Phdng Lyc su.
Vy bit rat bat ngd nay, xay ra sau vu bit Trinh Hung Ngau, da gay ra lo lang sau sac Uong dang vien Xii iiy Nam Ky, hg nhanh chdng di ddi co quan va bao ddng cho cac to chuc d mien Tay.
( . . . )
Mpt trong nhiing tai lifu cudi cimg dupc in tmdc vy bit thii ITnh la sd 5 (thang 9/1933) cua
Tgp chi Cgng sdn, lam rd chinh sach cua Tran van Giau, cac quan hf cua dng ta vdi nhdm cua Nguyen Van Tao va thai dp cua dng ta trudc nhiing khuynh hudng khimg bd cua mpt so dang vien ciia dng ta. Trung thanh vdi nhung chi thi chung cua Dang Cdng san, Trin Van
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Chao mimg 35 nam thanh lap Trung tam Luu trii- quoc gia II (1976-2011) So 11/2011 Giau dimg mpi kha nang diu Uanh each mang
an y vdi Nguyen Van Tao va chuyen hoat ddng bi mat de ddng dpi eiia dng ta td chirc dau Uanh hgp phap chdng lai su dd hd ciia Phap d Ddng Duomg. Cd le nham tran an eae dang vien cua dng ta ve su ngay that eua Nguyen Van Tao va Tran Van Thaeh, Tran Van Giau Uong mdt bai viet ve "edng tae bat hpp phap" ehii y ehimg minh ich lgi eiia vife cac dang vien Cdng san img eir vao Hdi ddng thanh phd.
Tai lieu 4: Ve hoat dpng ciia Dang Cpng san Ddng Duong d Nam Ky (tir 15/12 den 31/12/1933) - Tai Ueu MAT**
(...)
Ngay 18/12. da bat d Can Tha mdt uy vien Xir uy Nam Ky la anh Hai Thg San tue Banh Nggc va ten cdn dd Nguyen Van Df, ke da dinh giai thoat Tran Van Giau d Ba Hom (Chg Ldn) ngay 14/10/1933; sau khi trie dinh va kiem tra can cudc, hai ten nay dugc phdng thieh. It lau trude khi bi bat, Banh Nggc da giau Uong nha xi eua pha Can Tha mdt td Tgp chi Cpng sdn sd 8 ra ngay 30/11/1933 va mdt td bao Tranh ddu, CO quan eua tinh bd Ben Tre, sd 3, ra ngay
12/12/1933.
( . . . )
Tran Van Giau, thii ITnh cua Xu uy Nam Ky, bi bat tai Ba Hom (Chg Ldn) ngay
14/10/1933. da bi Tda Tilu hinh Sai Gdn hdm 30/12 ket an 18 thang tii va 5 nam bift xu.
Sai Gdn, ngay 31/12/1933
Tdi lieu sd 5: Ghi chep dinh ky so 33 cua Nha Mat tham Ddng Dinmg (quy 4 nam
1934)**
( . . . )
dNamKy:
Viec thong nhit Dang Cdng san d Nam Ky dugc Tran Van Giau theo dudi mdt each khdng mft mdi tir khi dng ta dugc ua ty do thang 02/1934 dugc Dac uy Hau Giang chap thuan theo nguyen tic cua hg; Dac uy Hau Giang Ud thanh Dang uy miln Tay.
"Bd may" cua Dang d Nam Ky dugc tang cudng nhd nhilu ngudi Ddng Duong tir Phap va Nga trd ve. Dang d Nam Ky tun each lien
lac tryc tiep vdi "Uy ban phy trach Ddng Duong" hoat dgng d Xiem.
Cudi cimg, nhirng ngudi Cdng san "hgp phap" chuan bj phd bien Chuang trinh Cdng san Uong dip bau eir Hdi ddng Quan hat sap tdi.
Mgt an ban mdi cua Dieu le Dang dugc phd bien trong thang 10. An ban nay dua tdi nhirng nhan x^t sau: Cac Xii uy khdng cdn niia, cae dang iiy mien se quan hf true tiep vdi Ban chap hanh Trung uang Dang. Chung nhan nay cho phep nghT rang Dieu If mdi nay duge bien soan theo sy xiii giyc ciia Tran Van Giau, dng ta la ngudi khdi xudng cai each.
( . . . )
Tien tdi thanh lap Ban Chap hanh Trung uomg Dang Cgng san Ddng duomg
Chiing ta vira thay cae thdng tu eua Dang uy mien Ddng ciing nhu eiia Dang iiy mien Tay Nam Ky ehung td eae lanh ty dang no luc thiet lap mdt "Uy ban Trung uong" ciia Dang Cdng san Ddng duomg. Chiing ta cdn thay Dang uy mien Tay da eir 2 dai bieu di du "Dai hdi Ddng Duong" de bau Uy ban Tnmg uomg dd.
cae CO quan tinh bao eiia thude dia Nam Ky ehua biet rd ngay va noi dien ra "Dai hdi Ddng Duong", Cd the nd se duge td chiirc d Xiem (Thai Lan), noi day da ed mdt td ehiic Cdng san Vift Nam manh me va mdt "Uy ban phy trach Ddng Duong" cd quan hf thudng xuyen vdi
"Ban Chi huy Dang Cdng san Ddng Duong d ngoai". Theo mdt thdng tin mdi day, mdt dai bieu ten Nguyen Nang Lu dugc Tran Van Giau giri sang Xiem vao dau thang 11.
(...) (Con tiep)
' Gi^m d6c Trung tam Liru tru- quoc gia IV (Da Lat).
" Giim doc Trung tam Luu trir quoc gia II (thanh phd Ho Chi Minh).
'" Giing vien Truimg Dai hpc Su- pham thinh pho Ho Chi Minh.
1. Vdn kiin Dang toan tap. Nxb Chinh tri quoc gia. Ha NQI, 2002, tip V,tr. 198.
2. Ho so IIA45/292(2), Phong Phu Th6ng d6c Nam Ky 3. H6 so IIA45/292(2), Phong Phu Th6ng d6c Nam Ky 4. H6 SO IIA45/292(2), Phong Phii Thdng ddc Nam Ky 5. H6 so IIA45/292(2), Phong Phu Thdng d6c Nam Ky 6. H6 so IIA45/292(2), Phong Phii Th6ng d6c Nam Ky
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