ThiJc tien Kinh nghiem
Quy hoach phat trien Nganh Than tpong tam nhin trung han va dai han
O TRUONG THANH HOAI
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ginh Than li mdt trong nhdng nginh kinh tdmui nhgn eua da't nude, ddng gdp quan trgng vio stf nghidp CNH, HDH. Vi viy, Thu tUdng Chinh phu da ban hinh Quydt djnh sd403/QD - TTg nhim phd duyet Dtf in diiu ehinh Quy hogch phat trien Nganh Than Viet Nam den nim 2020, ed xet trien vgng ddn nim 2030 (Quy hogch). Quy hogch nham xay dtfng Nginh Than Vigt Nam trd thinh nginh edng nghiep phat trienmanh me; ed sdc cgnh tranh eao; ed quy md vi trinh do cdng nghe tien tidn so vdi eic nude trong khu vtfc.Quan diem va muc tieu phat trien
Theo thdng ke tU Bd Cdng ThUdng, den ngay 31/12/2015, tong trijf lupng va tai nguyen than cd khoang 48,88 ty tan, bao gdm 2,26 ty tan trO lUdng va 46,62 ty tan tai nguyen; trOf lUpng va tai nguyen than huy ddng vao quy hoach khoang 3,05 ty tan, gdm 1,22 ty tan trD lUpng va 1,83 ty tan tai nguyen. Theo quy hoach dupc cdng bd, tong nhu cau vdn dau tu cho nganh than den nam 2030 khoang 269.003 ty ddng, binh quan khoang 17.934 ty ddng/nam. Trong dd, giai doan den nam 2020, nhu cau vdn dau tu khoang hdn 95.000 ty dong (binh quan hdn 19.000 ty dong/nam). Giai doan 2021-2030, nhu cau von dau tU hdn 172.000 ty dong (binh quan 17.000 ty dong/nam). Vdn dau tu phat trien Nganh Than theo Quy hoach du kien se thu xep tU cac nguon vdn tu cd, vdn vay thuong mai, vay Uu
dai va huy ddng qua thi trudng chUng khoan va cac nguon vdn hdp phap khac.
Ban Quy hoach cung neu rd, ve tham dd than, tai be than Ddng Bac, de'n het nam 2020 se hoan thanh cdng tac tham dd den mUc -300 m (nhu cac md md Bao Dai, Ddng Trieu - Pha Lai, vinh Cudc Be, Ddng Quang Ldi) va mot sd khu vUc dudi -300 m bao dam dij trO lupng va tai nguyen; phan dau den het 2025 hoan thanh cd ban cdng tac tham dd den day tang than dam bao du than de huy dpng vao thiet ke khai thac trong giai doan 2021-2030 va giai doan sau 2030. Phan dau den nam 2030 nang cap phan tai nguyen con lai tu cap 333, 334 a va 334 b len cap 222 va 332. Vdi be than sdng Hong, quy hoach dat ra trudc nam 2020 hoan thanh cdng tac tham dd than khu Nam Thinh va mot phan mo Nam Phu II, huyen Tien Hai, tinh Thai Binh de phyc vy lap va thuc hien dU an
thCr nghiem. Tren cd sd ket qua dieu tra, danh gia teng the' tai nguyen than phan da't lien be than sdng Hdng va ket qua thuc hien cac du an thCf nghiem, tien hanh tham dd md rdng lam cd s6 de phat trien cac mo than d quy md cdng nghiep vdi cdng nghe hdp ly. Trudc nam 2020, hoan thanh viec bd tri cac cd sd sang tuyen vung Quang Ninh de tdi Uu hda cdng tac van tai, sang tuyen va phu hdp vdi quy hoach phat trien dd thi vung than, quy hoach giao thdng van tai, cang bie'n va yeu cau BVMT. Sau nam 2020 che bien than theo hudng da dang hda san pham dap Ung linh hoat nhu cau thi trudng.
DU kien ve khai thac than trong nhOng nam tdi, san lUpng than thUdng pham san xua't toan nganh than trong cac giai doan cija quy hoach khoang 41-44 trieu tan vao nam 2016; 47-50 trieu tan vao nam 2020; 51-54 trieu tan vao nam 2025 va 55-57 Tdi nguyen vd IVldi t r y d n g | Ky 2 - Thang 11/2016 ^C
trieu tin vio nam 2030. Trong dd, be than sdng Hong giai doan 2021-2030 thgc hien dg i n this nghiem, lam cd s6 cho viec d i u tu phit triln md vdi quy md edng nghidp; phan d i u dgt s i n lUpng than thudng pham quy doi khoing 0,5-1,0 trieu t i n vio ndm 2030. Khi nang t i n that than la rat Idn, d n phan d i u d l d i n 2020, giim ty le t i n that than khai thac bang phUdng phap ham Id xuong khoing 20% v i dUdi 20%
sau nam 2020; ty Id ton thit than khai thac bing phUdng phap Id thien xuIng khoing 5% va dUdi 5% sau nam 2020.
Trong quan dilm phit triln, bin quy hogch neu rd, phit triln Nginh Than Viet Nam tren cd sd khai thac, c h l biln, sir dgng cd hieu q u i va tilt kidm nguon tai nguydn than cua dit nude; ddng gdp tich cgc vao vide bio dim an ninh ndng lupng qudc gia; Uu tien dip ufng nhu d u trong nude; bio dim viec xuat, nhap khiu hpp ly theo hudng giim dan xuit khiu va ch? xua't khiu cic chung logi than trong nude ehua ed nhu c l u sCr dgng thdng qua bien phap quin ly bang k l hogch, eic bien phip dieu tiet khac phu hpp vdi ed c h l thj trudng cd sg quin ly cua Nha nUde va eae cam kit quIc t l cua Viet Nam. Ben cgnh dd, can diy mgnh cic hogt ddng dieu tra ed bin, tham dd, dinh gii tai nguyen va trO lUpng than trong nudc de chuan bj ed sd tai nguyen tin eay cho sg phat triln ben vCfng cua nganh than. Diy mgnh hogt ddng kinh doanh, dau tu ra nudc ngoai d l dap Ung du than eho nhu d u phat triln KT- XH eua da't nudc. Bin quy hoach eung de cap rd muc tidu phat triln tong quit, dd la xay dUng Nganh Than Viet Nam trd thanh nganh cdng nghiep phat trien; cd sUc canh tranh cao; cd trinh dd
cdng nghe tidn tiln so vdi khu vgc b tat e i cac khdu tham dd, khai thac, sang tuyln, c h l biln, sCr dgng than; dap lifng dii than cho nhu c l u SLi dgng trong nUdc, dac biet la than eho s i n xuat didn.
Day la mge tieu phin d i u vifa d p thilt, vifa cd b i n , lau d i i , nhung ed tinh k h i thi cao cua Nginh Than Vidt Nam.
Djnh hi/6ng trong quy hogch khai thac than
Bin Quy hogch dd d l ra mot s l djnh hudng quan trpng va d p thilt cho cac hogt dpng khai thie than cho nhOng ndm tdi va eho c i ehiln lupe lau dai nhU: Trong edng tic thdm dd, tap trung thdm dd ndng d p t i i nguyen than hidn cd d l chuan bj du tai nguydn tin cay phge vu thilt k l khai thac theo Quy hogch va bio dim cdng tie tham dd phii ludn di trUde mot bude. Mat khac, ehu trpng viee khai thac, quy hogch eae md ed quy md nhd thanh md ed quy md Idn; phit triln sin lupng khai thac theo hudng b i n vCfng, hidu qui;
quy hogch do thii theo hudng sir dgng t i i da bai thii trong; d i u tU mdt s l du an thif nghiem tgi be than sdng Hdng d l Iga ehpn edng nghe khai thac hpp ly.
Trong edng tac sang tuyln, c h l biln than, phit triln cac he thong sing tuyln dong bd, tap trung; tdng bude giim dan c i c cum sang tuyln nhd l i . C h l biln than theo hUdng td'i da chung logi than eho sin xua't dien; da dgng hod s i n phim dip Ung theo nhu d u sCf dung trong nudc. Bio dim xua't, nhap khiu than, dap Ung tdi da nhu d u tieu thg than trong nude ve chung logi va khoi lUpng;
giim din xuat khiu; tich cgc, ehu ddng tim nguon than nhdp khiu d l dap Ung dCi nhu c l u trong nude, dac biet la than cho sin xua't dien. Chu trpng cdng tac cung d p dien, nang cao chit
lupng cua he thing cung d p dien dip Ufng nhu cau sCf dgng djen cua Nganh Than; ap dgng dong bd cae giii phap tilt kiem didn.
V l quy hogch van tai ngoii, tang cudng cac hinh thulc van tii bing dudng sat, bang t i i hoac lien hpp d td - bang t i i ; giim tii da hinh thdc vSn t i i bang d td de giim thieu i n h huSng x l u din mdi trudng. Quy hogch hpp ly cing xuit than, d i tgo, xiy dgng mdi cac cgm cing tap trung cd quy md, cdng suit Idn vdi thilt bj rdt hien dgi; tifng bUdc xoa din eac b i n nhd I I , edng nghd Igc hau. Can quy hoach tot cing nhap than, xay dgng mdi, dau tU nang d p , md rdng cac cing hien ed dap Ung nhu d u nhdp khau than theo tUng giai dogn, phu hpp vdi quy hogch tong the phit trien eac cing biln Viet Nam da dupc Thu tudng Chinh phu phd duydt trong Chiln lUpc phat triln Nganh Than 2020 va tam nhin 2030.
D l triln khai thgc hien ed hieu q u i Dg i n dilu eh?nh Quy hogch phit triln Nginh Than, ThCi tudng Chinh phu da phan edng chi tilt nhiem vg cua eic bd, UBND c i c t?nh, thanh pho trge thupc Trung Udng, cic Tap doan Nha nudc cd lien quan v i Tong Cdng ty Ddng Bac trong viec t l chdc va thgc hien quy hogch phat triln Nganh Than. Quylt djnh so 403/QD - TTg ban hinh cae phg Ige ehi tilt quy djnh danh mgc cic dg an thdm dd, khai thac va cac dg an hg ting phue vg phit triln Nganh Than. Cac nhiem vg nay se dupc dau tu xdy dgng va di vao van hanh trong giai doan til nay d i n nam 2030. Day la nhOng dinh hudng ra't quan trpng trong sg nghiep xay dgng va phat triln Nganh Than Vidt Nam, gdp phin dac igc vao cdng cudc doi mdi, CNH, HDH da't nudc.B
46 Tdi nguyen vd Mdi trudng I Ky2-Thdng 11/2016