Kfit qua nghiSn ci>u khoa hpc BVTV-S6 3/2016
of southem Spain. Biocontrol Science and Tectmotogy.
17:221-232.
10. Lfi Thj Sen,1999. Sfiu hgi cfic cfiy trfing chlnh 6 dfing bfing sfing Cihj Long. Giio trlnh cOn thing.
Khoa Ndrig nghiip. €>9i hgc Cin tha. 251 trang.
11. Miller LK. 1997. The Baculovims. Springer Science Business Media New Yortt Originally published by Ptonum Press. ISBN 978-1-4899-1836- 9. 447 pp.
12. Phgm Thj Thiiy, 2004. Cfing nghfi sinh hpc trong bfio v§ thyc vfit. Nhi xuit bin Dai hoc QuSc gia.
Hi N0i.
13. Takatsuka, J.; S. Okuno; M. Nakai and Y.
Kunimi, 2002. Genetk: and bwlogicaly comparisons of ten geographic isolates of a nucleopolyhedrovims that infects Spodt^tera I'ttum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Joumal Biological contml, 26. 32-39.
14. Tanada Y. and H. K. Kaya. 1993. Insect
pathokjgy. Academic press, IRC. Harcount brace Jovanovich. publishers. San Diego, Nevi^ York. Boston, London, Sydney. Tokyo. Toronto, p. 685.
15. Trjnh Thj Xufin. 2011. EHnh danh vims gfiy bfinh cfin trimg vfi hi$u qufi a i a cfic mSu vims phfin Ifip trgn sfiu fin tgp Spodoptera litura Fabridus. Lufin vfin tfit nghifip ttigc sT khoa hgc nfing nghifip chuyfin ngfinh BSo vfi thi/c vfit TrvCmg dai hgc Cin Thcr.
16. Tuan. S. J.; S. S. Kao and D'. J. Cheng.
1994. Histopathology and Pathogenicity of Spodoptera exigua Nuclear Polyhedrosis Vims Isolated in Taiv/an. Biopesticide Department, Taiwan Aricultural chemicals and Toxic Subtances Research Institule, Wufeng, Taichung Hsien, Taiwan 41301. R.O.C. Chinese Joumal of Entomology. 14:33-45.
Phin biin: PGS.TS. Lfi Vfin Trjnh
^ t T QUA NGHieN CCPU NHEN Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (ACARINA: ERIOPHYIDAE) GAY HIEN TUVNG C H 6 | R 6 N G NHAN
VA MQT S6 GlAl P H A P Q U A N LY T 6 N G HP'P TAI HifHG Y^N The Research Results on Mite Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (Acarina: Eriophyldae) Cause Witches' Broom Phenomenon on Longan and the Integrated Pest Management Demonstration in Hung Yen Province
0 $ n g T h j Lan A n h \ Ngd Vfin DQng^, Phgm Vfin Scm\ Hfi T h | K i m Thoa^
Trjnh Xufin H o g t \ Lfi Minh Nam^& Nguyfin Vfin OgP
Ngdy nhin bii: 11.4.2016 Ngiy chip nhin: 16.6.2016
Abstract
Since 2005-2006, witches' broom phenomenon has been recorded to cause severe damage in tongan growing areas throughout the country. Up to present, witches' b n M m phenomenon has been rapidly • wkJespread leading to the increase of infection areas, reduction of plant growlh,
development and yield, significant longan growers' income losses.
1.v,inBiovithvcvit H,i,g Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang were 2. Chi cue Bdo vfi thi/c vfit Himg Yfin
indentified as cause of witches' broom phenomeno
Kfit qua nghifin a>u khoa hpc
on longan. Some factors influence on appearance, devekspment of mite Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang and witches, broom phenomenon like: cutting, fertilizenng..
In 2015 the mites and witches' broom phenomenon management demonstration based on integration approach has been established in Hungyen. The results showed that the pest mites' densities decreased from 29.4 individualrtjud in fanner practice to 17.9 individual/bud in the demonstration. The witches' broom symptom declined from 17.1 % farmer practrces to 8.5 % in the demonstration.
Keywoitfe; Witches' broom, Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang, Hung Yen, phenomenon - Nhfi kinh, Vifin Bfio vfi thi/c vfit - Thfinh phfi Hirng Yfin. Huyfin Khofii Chfiu.
ITnh Hi/ng Yfin
- Thdi gian nghifin ciru: 2015 1 . 0 A T V A N £ ) £
Nhfin Ifi mfit trong nhtrng loai cfiy fin qufi ehO
\\jfc. dfic sfin, cho thu nhfip cao vfi dfi tifiu thg dirpc trfing b nhifiu viing mifin trong cfi nirfi^. Tir nfim 2005-2006, hifin ti/png chfii ring (HTCR) hai nhfin dfi ghi nhfin phfit sinh vfi gfiy hai khfip cfic viing nhfin thufic cfic tinh Mifin Dfing vfi cfic nfim sau dfi HTCR hai nhfin dfi lan sang cfic viing nhfin thufic cfic 6nh Ofing bfing sfing Cuu Long, ngfiy nay HTCR hai nhfin dfi vfi dang gfiy hai nghifim trpng tai nhifiu viing trfing nhfin trfin cfi nudc.
Tai phia Bfic, theo thfing bfio cua chi cgc Bfio vfi tht/c vfit Hung Yfin, nhfin trfing thufin bj hai do chfii ring nfim 2011 lfi 14,7 %. nfim 2012 Ifi 15.9
%, nfim 2013 Ifi 18.3 %. Nhfin trfing trong vu'fi'n tap bj hai do chfii rfing nfim 2011 Ifi 70,9 %, nfim 2012 Ifi 73,2 %, nfim 2013 tfing Ifin tdi 76,3 %.
Cho dfin nay, chfii rfing hai nhfin dang lan nhanh.
finh hufi'ng dfin sinh tnrfi'ng, phfit trifin cua cfiy vfi gfiy thifit hgi Ifi'n dfin nfing sufit qufi. vl thfi dfi finh hudng dfin db\ sfing ktnh tfi cua ngufi'i trfing nhfin. Trufi'c ttnh hlnh gfiy hai do chfii ring trfin nhfin, dfi cfi nhifiu gifii phfip dupc khuyfin cfio, i>ng dgng tuy nhifin vln khfing thu dupc kfit qufi mong dpi.
Kfit qufi nghifin ei>u cita chOng tfii tir nfim 2015 dfi xfic djnh nhfin (Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang) gfiy ra hifin tupng chfii rfing hai nhfin. Bfii bfio nfiy nhfim cung cfip 1 sfi kfit qufi nghifin ciru vfi lofii nhfin {Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang) vfi 1 sfi gifii phfip han chfi su phfit sinh, phfit trifin cua chung eOng nhu hifin n/png chfi rfing nhfin tai Hung Yfin.
2. VAT LI?U VA PHITONG PHAP NGHIEN COU 2.1. Oja difim nghifin cthi
2.2.V$t li$u nghifin cihi
- Cfic vufi-n nhfin 5-10 nfim tufii tai Hung Yfin, hifin tupng chfii rfing gfiy hai trfin nhfin, nhfin Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (E dimocarpi), cfiy nhfin eon giai doan 3 Ifi thfit
- Lfing lufi-i chfing cfin bi^ng, bOt lfing, kinh hifin vi soi nfii vfi cfic vfit lifiu khfie phgc vg nghifin ciru.
2.3. Phu^cng phfip difiu tra Liy binh nhAn t^o Chuin bj ciy nhin sach binh
+ Thu Hat nhfin trfin cfiy nhfin khfie (sach), gifing Huong chi. Ngfim H vfi gieo theo quy trlnh sfin xufit gifing nhfin
+ Chufin bj dfit vfi nufirc tufii: Lfiy dfit phii sa cfi (hfip b nhifit dfi 121''C, 1 atm, 30 phiit) cho vfio cfic thi nghifim vfi hfing ngfiy Ifiy nufi'c sach dfi tufi-i.
+ Chufin bj cfic dfi trfing cfiy cfi dud'ng kinh trfin 9,5 cm, dud'ng kinh dufi-i 6 cm vfi chifiu cao 9,5 cm. Sau khi dfit dupc khir trCing cho vfio cfic vfi bfi sung NPK 3g/cfic. Su dgng tfim mfika mfing cufin trfin, chgp vfio cfic cfic thi nghifim, 1 dfiu dupe gfin ludi chfing cfin triing, thi nghifim tifin hfinh b-ong nhfi kinh.
Sau khi cfiy nhfin cd ttr 2-3 Ifi kfip thi tifin hfinh Ifim thi nghifim.
Chuin bj nhin E. dimocarpi nhiim binh Thu nhfin E dlmocarpri trfin bup nhfin cOa cfic cfiy nhfin bj bfinh tai Hung Yfin (viing cfi bfinh), mang vfi phdng thi nghifim nuOi con tn/dng thfinh cOa lofii E dlmocarpri frfin cfiy nhfin sach vfi nhfin
Kfit qufi nghifin a>u khoa hpc BVTV-S5 3/2016 nhifiu thfi hfi (5-10 thfi hfi) trong difiu kifin phdng
kinh vfi dupc kifim tra bfing PCR dfi khfing djnh ngufin nhfin mang t)finh.
Thi nghiim liy nhiim: dupc ttfi tri theo khfii ngSu nhifin hofin chtnh, mfii cdng ttiCrc gdm 3 ifin nhfic lai, mfii Ifin nhfic lai du?c bfi trf trfin 10 cfic (10 efiy nhfin), mfii cfic thfi 50 eon nhfin.
Cdng thirc 1: Nhfin thu trfin cfiy nhfin (bOp nhfin) bi bfinh, nhifim trfin efiy nhfin sach dfi dupc chuln bj nhu phfin trfin. Thi nghifim d\xpc tifin hfinh 3 Ifin, cfinh nhau 1 ngfiy.
Cdng thi>c 2: €)6i chCrng (khdng thfi nhfin) Chl tifiu theo ddi: Ty lfi cfiy bj bfinh vfi ngfiy bifiu hifin hifin tupng chfii rfing
Ty Ifi cfiy bj bfinh (%) = Tfing sfi cfiy bj bfinh Tfing sfi efiy nhiem Diiu tra diin biin mit di? nhin E. dimocarpi
vfi fy li chil ring h$i nhSn
Difiu tra theo phuang phfip nghifin cuu BVTV, difiu tra {Jjnh ky 7 ngfiy/lfin. Mfii vudn difiu tra
^eo 10 difim ngiu nhifin nfim trfin dudng chfio, difim difiu tra cfich bd It nhfit 1 hfing cfiy, mfii efiy difiu tra 4 hudng, mfii hvbng difiu tra mfit cfinh
(Ifi, hoa, qufi) trfin 1 cfiy/difim
Thu miu ngpn vfi phdng thf nghifim dfim sfi iupng nhfin vfi ty Ifi chfii rfing. Phuang phfip thu nhfin tir cfic miu difiu tra dupc tifin hfinh theo phuang phfip QCVN 01-38:2010/BNN PTNT.
Chf tidu theo dii: Mfit dp nhfin (con/ngpn) vfi ty Ifi chfii rfing (%).
Mfit dfi nhfin (con/ngpn) =
TJ Ifi chfii rfing nhfin (%) =
Tfing sfi nhfin difiu tra Tfing sfi ngpn difiu tra
SA chfii nhifim chfii rfing Tfing sfi chfii difiu tra NghiSn cOv inh hu^g cOa mit s6 biin phip din mit di nhin E. dimocarpi vfi t^ /fi chdi ring hai nhSn
+ Anh hufing ciia bifin phfip dfin tfa dfin sg*
phfit sinh, phfit trifin ty Ifi chfii rfing nhfin Thf nghifim bfi tri theo khfii ngiu nhifin hofii tofin, trfin gifing nhfin Huang Chi, 5-10 tgfii, gfim 3 cdng thire (Dfin 50 cm; dfin 20 cm vfi dfii chi>ng khdng dfin), mfii cdng thire 3 Ifin nhfic lai (mfii Ifin nhfic lai 10 cfiy). 30 cfiy/cdng thuc
Chl tifig theo ddi: ty Ifi chfii rfing trudc vfi sau khi dfin: 7, 21, 28, 35 vfi 42 ngfiy.
+ Anh hudngbifin phfip bdn phfin dfin su phfit sinh, phfit trifin cua ty Ifi chfii rfing nhfin.
Thi nghiim b6 tri tr6n diin ring, giing nhin hiifong Chi, 7 nSm tuii. Gim 2 cdng thCrc khdng nhic lai. mdi cdng thOc 50 cSy.
Cdng thirc 1: (theo qui trlnh eua Sd NN&PTNT Hung Yfin, ban hfinh nfim 2014)
Lfin 1: bdn vfio thfing 8 - 9 GDST sau thu hoaeh 30 kg phfin chufing + 2 kg phfin lfin Ifim
thao + 0,5 kg dam ure. Lfin 2: bdn thfing 2 GDST trudc ra hoa 15 ngfiy 1 kg phfin lfin lfim thao + 0,5 kg dam ure + 0,3 kg kalieloma. Lfin 3: bfin vfio thfing 4 GDST qufi non dfi dfiu (qufi bfing hat dfiu hfong) 0,5 kg dam ure + 0.3 kg kalieloma.
Lfin 4: bdn vfio thfing 6 - 7 GDST den hat (nufii qufi) 0.5 kg dam ure + 0.4 kg kalieloma.
Cdng thi>c 2 (theo tfip qufin ndng dfin).
Lfin 1: bdn vfio thfing 8 - 9 GDST sau thu hoach 30 kg phfin chufing + 1 kg phfin Ifin lfim thao + 0.5 kg dam ure. Lfin 2: bfin thfing 2 GDST trudc ra hoa 15 ngfiy 1 kg phfin lfin lfim thao + 0,6 kg dam ure + 0,3 kg kalieloma + 1 kg NPK (16:16:8). Lfin 3: bdn vfio thfing 4 GDST qufi non dfi dfiu (qufi bfing hat dfiu tuang) 0,5 kg dam ure +0,3 kg kalkJloma + 2 kg (ngfi. dfi tuang, cfi ngfim). Lfin 4: bfin vfio thfing 6 - 7 GDST den hat (nufii qufi) 0,7 kg dam ure + 0,4 kg kalieloma + 1 kg NPK (16.16:8).
Chl tifiu theo ddi: Mfit dp nhfin (con/ngpn) vfi ty Ifi chfii rfing (%) b cfic thdi fflfim 1, 3, 6, 9
37
Kit quS nghiSn cChi khoa hpc thdng sau thf nghi$m
* Bdnh gid hi$u qui cua m«t si lo^i thuic t>do vi thvc vSt trong phAng trti nhjn
£ dimocarpi
Thi nghidm auqrc b i tri li*n gi6ng nhan
IHifong Chi, 10 ndm tudi, mfii cdng thi>c 3 ldn nhae 1^1, mil liin nhic lal 3 cay (9 cay/cAng thi>c) Chi tiau theo dfii: Mat dfi nhan tnniic va sau phun 1,3,7 ngay.
cac cfing thi>c thi nghiam CT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7(BC)
Tan thironq mai Al>a^ 1.8EC Sudoitu 58EC Ortus 5 SC Peqasus 500 s c Ortus SSC + SK Enspray 99EC Pegasus 500 SC + SK Enspray 99EC Phun nt/dc la
Tfin hoat chit Abamactin1.8q/llt AbamecUn 66g/l + Matrine 2g/l Fenpvroximate 5%
Diafenthiuron 500q/llt Fenpyroximate 5%
Petroleum Sprav Oil Diafenthiuron 500g/llt Petroleum Sprav Oil
LiSu lirgrnq dCinq 0,8 llt/ha (16ml/16 Ilt mrdc) 0,5Hima(10ml/16lltnu(irc) 1,2 llt/ha (24ml/16 Ilt nirAcl 0,5 llt/ha (10ml/16 Ilt nm'rc) 1,2 llt/ha (24ml/16 Ilt ntnS>c) 4,0 llt/ha (80ml/16 lit nirfirc) 0,6 llt/ha (10ml/16 Ilt nu*c) 4,0 llt/ha (80mi/16 Ilt nufic) 800 Ilt niffic/ha Xfiy dung md hlnh qufin ly tfing hpp hifiu qufi
hifin tupng chfii rfing hai nhfin
Mfi hlnh bfi trf trfin 2 vudn nhfin Huang Chi, 10 nfim tufii, mfii vudn cd difin Uch 1 ha. Md hlnh fip dgng cfic bifin phfip qufin ly phfin bdn, chfim sfic thed theo qui trlnh cua Sd NN&PTNT Hung Yfin, ban hfinh nfim 2014, qufin ly sfiu bfinh theo hudng qufin ly djch hai tfing hpp.
ChT tifiu theo ddi: mfit dfi nhfin (con/ngpn) vfi tylfi chfii rfing (%)
3. K ^ QUA VA T H A O LUAN 3.1. Kfit qufi Ifiy b^nh nhfin t^o Thi nghifim lfiy bfinh nhfin tao dupe tifin hfinh tai nhfi ludi Vifin Bfio vfi thuc vfit kfit qufi thfi hifin trong bfing 1.
Kfit qufi bfing 1 cho thfiy sau 26 ngfiy lfiy nhifim cfiy cd hifin tupng chfii rfing vdi t^ lfi cfiy thfi hifin bfinh dat tip 6,66 % dfin 13,33 %. Sau 50 ngfiy t^ lfi cfiy b'tfiu hifin bfinh tCr 40 % dfin 46,66 %.
Bfing 1. Kfit qufi lfiy b^nh nhfin t^o hl$n tuyng chfil rfing h^l nhfin, 2015
Cfing thCrc
CTI CT2
Ngay thi 13/5 (Idn 1) 14/5 (Idn 2) 15/5 (Idn 3)
€)6i chi>nq
S6 cay tha 30 30 30 30
S i nhan thd/cay
SO SO SO 0
Ty la cdy cfi hian tucng chii rinq (%) Sau 26 ngdy
13.33 6,66 13.33 0
Sau SO ngdv 46,66 40,00 40,00 0 3.2. Dlin biin mft df nh^n £ dimocarpi vd
t ; If chil ring h«l nhin t^l Hung Ydn, ndm 2015 Nhdn £. dimocarpi cfi mdt quanh nam trfin virttn nhan, trSn tdt cd 4 giing nhan theo dfii.
Mfit nam cfi hai dinh cao vao ddu thang 4 va ddu thang 10 trdn hai giing, Nhan Ling va Hirang Chl la hai giing chin sfim. Mdt dfi nhfin tmrng
irng la 30,8 - 37,7 con/ngon (thdng 4) vi 23,2 - 27,2 con/ngon (thang 10). Trdn cao giing Khoai Chau, Ha Tay la hai giing chin mufin cOng cfi hai dinh cao oua nhfin E. dimocarpi vao cuii thSng 4 va cuii thang 10 ttong ndm. Mdt dfi tuwng irng ii 24,8 - 26,5 con/ngon vdo thang 4 va 19,5 - 21,8 con/ngon vao thdng 10 (hlnh 1).
K4t qufi nghifin cmi khoa hpc BVTV-S5 3/2016
fv' \V <^y <\r T ^ "7 ". "> T- <t^
^^^ « r v<S^ / ^ <^- ^ !^ # #• N^ 0>^ C
R V ftV ttV ftV cs^ CNV CVV V-N^ VX^ .^V rtV jN^
Ngay dieu tra
Hlnh 1. Difin bifin m|t d$ nh^n E. cf/moca/p/trfin cfic gifing nhan (Hung Yin, nSm 2015)
Ty 1$ chfii nhan t^ ch& rfing ghi nhfin trfin cfi 4 gifing nh&i, gifing cd ty lfi chfii bj ehoi rong eao nhfit Ifi gifing Huong Chi vfi thfip nhfit lfi gifing Khofii Chfiu. Ty lfi chfii nhan bj difil rfing cung cd 2 dinh cao, cfic dinh cao cua chdi rfing xufit h i ^ sau cfic dinh cao cOa nhfin. Dinh cao thi> nhfit vfio cufii thfing 4 dfin dfiu thfing 5 vfi ^nh cao thij 2 vfio cu^
thfing 10 dfiu thfing 11. Hai gifing nhan chfn sdm lfi Nhan Lfing vfi Huong Chi cd ty lfi chfii rong lfi 17.9 - 19.8 % vfio cufii thfing 4 vfi 15,8 - 18,2 % vfio ojfii thfing 10. Trfin 2 gifing nhan ehfn muOn lfi gifing nhan Ktxjfil Chfiu vfi nhfin Hfi Tfiy ed ty 1$
difii rfing muOn hom 10,3 -12,5 % vfio dfiu thfing 5 vfi 8.8 -10,4 % vfio afiu thfing 11. (hinh 2).
„(>^ ^(!> „Q^ ^ss* .,*S^ ^la^ „o^ „(S^ ^tj* .^o* „*y ^^
O"^' S'' S?^" ^ ' ^-' # ' ^ ' # ' ( ? ' N*^' \ ^ ' <•' Ngiy dies t r i
Hlnh 2. Diin bifin t^ 1$ ch6i rfing tren cfic giong nhan trong phfi btfin (Htmg Y§n. nSm 2015)
Kdt qud nghifin c<>u khoa hoc
3.3. Nghidn cihi dnh hirfirng cua m^t s i bl^n phip canh tdc d i n m$t dfi nh^n
£ dimocarpi vk ty l | c h i l ring h j i nhan 3.3.1. Anh hudng ciia bUn phip din tie din tf li chii ring hai nhin
Tnrfic khi din tia cac cfing IhCrc ddu cfi s i chii bj chii ring dao dfing tCr 3,95 - 5,27 %. Sau
khi ap dgng cfic phircmg phap din t!a khac nhau, t^ lfi chii bj chii ring giOa cac cfing thi>c cOng khac nhau rfi rfit. Vdo thfii diim 42 ngay sau khi din CTI (din 50 cm) cfi ty lfi chii bj chil ring thdp nhdt 3,13 %, tidp ddn la CT 2 (din 20 cm) la 8,15 % va CT3 (B/C: khfing din) cfi ty Ifi chii bj chii ring cao nhdt la 18,15 % (bang 2).
Bang 2. Anh hu'dng cua bi$n phip d i n tia d i n t^ 1$ c h i i r i n g h^i nhan (Hung Yin, nim 2015)
Cfing thi>c 1. Din 50 cm 2. Oin 20 cm 3. BC (khfing din) CV (%) LSD 0,05
Ty Ifi chii bj chii ring tnrfi'c vfi sau khi din (% ) Tnrdc din
(08/8) S,27a 4,S0a 3,95a 30,9 3.2
7NSB (15/8) 0,70b 2,14b S,S4a 28,7 1,8
21 NSB (29/8) 1,39c 3,44b 8,15a 16,4 1,6
28 NSB (05/9) 2,15c 6,22b 13,50a
21,3 3,5
35 NSD (12«) 2,54c 7,10b 16,09a
14,3 2,7
42 NSB (19/9) 3,13c 8,15b 18,1Sa 9,5 2,1 Ghi chO: NSB - Ngiy sau din: BC - dii chirng
3.3.2. Anh hirdng cOa biin phip bdn phin din mil dt nhin E. dimocarpi vi tf li chil ring hainhin
Kdt qua cho thdy, sau 1, 3, 6 va 9 thang thi nghifim, mfit dfi nhfin vfi ty Ifi chii bj chii ring cua cfing thi>c thirc hifin theo quy trlnh bfin phan cua Sd NN &PTNT tlnh Hirng yfin khuydn cfio
(CTI) lufin thdp ttcrn so vfi'i cfing thi>c thvc hanh theo tdp quan cua ngufi'i tring nhan (CT2: D/C).
Cl,! thd vao thfi'i diim 9 thfing sau thi nghifim, CT 1 cfi mat dfi nhfin la 29,8 con/ngpn (thdp hon B/C la 8,8 con/ngon va ty Ifi chil bj chii ring thdp hon fi/C la 8,1 % (t^ Id chii b| chii ring 16,6 %) Bdng 3.
Bang 3. Anh hu^firng cOa Hdu luvng bfin phan d i n m$t dfi nhfn
£. dimocarpi vi ty 1$ c h i l ring h^l nhan (Htmg Yin, nim 2015)
Cfing thi>c 1 2
1 thang MD nhfin (con/ngon) 11,5 21,3
CR (%) 8,5 12,4
3 thang MB nhfin (con/ngon)
16,6 27,3
CR(%
chii) 10,7 16,9
6 thfing MD nhfin (con/ngon)
23,6 32,8
CR (% chil)
13,5 21,7
9 thang MD nhfin (con/ngpn)
29,8 38,6
CR (% chil)
16,6 24,7 Ghi chO: Giing nhin Humg Chi, tring 10 nim. MB: Mil dt: CR: Chii ring
3.3.3. Binh gii hiiu qui cua mtt si loai Ihuic bio vi thirc v$t tmng phdng trir nhin E. dimocarpi
Hai io^i thuic hfia hgc Pegasus 500 SC vfi Ortus 5 SC cfi hifiu qud cao trong phfing trtr nhfin, dSc bifit khi dirqrc kdt hep vfi'i SK Enspray
Kdt qua nghifin ci>u khoa hpc BVTV-S6 3/2016 99EC hifiu qua phfing trir nhfin tfing Ifin tfi rfit, khi xi> ly. Hai loai thuic Sudcku 58EC vfi Abafax thuic Pegasus 500 SC hin txrp vfii SK Enspray 1.8EC nguin gic sinh hoc cfi hifiu igc phfing trir 99EC hifiu Ivc dat 85,7 % 6' thfi'i didm 7 ngfiy sau thdp hon tir 66,3% - 72,0 %.
Bdng 4. Hl$ulvv phfing trip nh^nE dimocarpi cua m$t s i lo^i thuic BVTV trdn viFfim nhin 10 nam t u i l (Hung Yin, 2015)
CT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tdn thuic Abafax 1.8ECSH Sudoku 58EC SH Ortus 6 SC Pegasus 600 SC
Ortus SSC + SK Enspray 99EC Pegasus 500 SC + SK Enspray 99EC Dii chijng (Phun nu-fi-c 13) CV (%)
LS 00,05
Hifiu lyc (%) 1 NSP
61,7bc 5S,0c 71,3ab 69,7ab 76,7a 72,3ab
-d 11,1 11,5
3 NSP 68,0cd 61,7d 74,0bc 76,7b 86,3a 80,7ab
- e 6,6 7,4
7 NSP 72,0c 66,3c 82,7b 80,7b 91,3a 8S,7ab
-d 6,2 7,5 Ghi chu: SH - thuic ci nguin gic sinh hoc. NSP - Ngiy sau phun. Binh gii hiiu qui cOa Ihuic phdng trir nhin E. dimocarpi d cic giai doan ciy nhin ra dot
3.4. Xdy dvng mfi hinh quin ly t i n g hp'p hifin tu'gnig c h i i ring h;l nhan t#l Hvng Ydn
-Ngoiumdhlnh 35
30 25 20 15 10 -
/ k 2 2 , l /
/ X l 6 . 8 / ' M
• ' I 4 ^ , 1 4 , l \ r ^ ^ ^ • ^ 2 , 9 / - •'9,5 " • « . , i o . r - * - j « ^ ,-•'9.5
' • - ^ • U . , , - ? * ' ' ' ! 29,4
'^V
•^
8,5'Vl
^15,7
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Ngiy dl^o tra
Hlnh 3. Dlin bidn m$t dfi nhf n E dimocarpi trdn mfi hinh qudn ly t i n g hpij chil ring h^l nhan (Hung Yin, nim 2015)
Kdt qua nghidn a>u khoa hoc
Trfin CO sfi' cfic kit qua nghifin ciru, chOng tfii da tien hfinh xfiy dvng mfi hlnh bfing vific fip dung cfic gifii phfip qufin ly chii ring theo hufi'ng quan ly djch hfii ting hgrp, trfin giing nhfin Hvcrng Chi (giing nhidm chii ring nfing nhdt) tai Hung Yfin. Bvfi'c ddu cho thdy, trfin mfi hlnh da cfi mfit dfi nhfin vfi ty Ifi chii bj chii ring gifim hon so vdi ngoai mfi hlnh; Nhfin cfi 2 dinh cao chlnh, dinh cao thi> nhdt vfio ddu thang 10 la 14,3 con/ngon vi ty Ifi chii ring xudt hifin mufin hon dinh cao cOa nh$n, vfio cuii thang 10, vfii ty
Ifi chii bj chii ring lfi 8,3 %. Cd mfit dfi nhfin vfi ty Ifi chii bj chii ring trfin mfi hlnh thdp hon nhidu so vfi'i dii ChCrng (thvc hfinh cua ngvfil dan), mfit dfi nhfin trfin virfiii dii chCrng Ifi 22,1 con/ngon va t} Ifi chii bj chii ring la 14,5 %.
Dinh cao thCr hai, mfit dfi nhfin xudt hifin vfio ddu thang 4, trfin mfi hlnh lfi 17,9 con/ngon vfi ty Ifi chii bj chil ring vfio cuii thang 4 la 8,5 %; trong khi trfin vvfi-n dii chirng, mfit dfi nhfin cao tfii 29,4 con/ngon vfi ty Ifi chii bj chii ring cOng cao tfii 17,1 %.
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Ngiy diln Ira
Hlnh 4. Diln biin ty Ifi c h i l b| chil ring trfin mfi hlnh qufin 1;^ ting hp'p c h i l ring h;l nhSn (Himg Yin, nim 2015)
4. K£T LUAN
- Sau 26 ngfiy lay nhiim, cay nhan biiu hifin hifin tvong chii ring v i i ty Ifi tir 6,66 % din 13,33%. Sau 50 ngfiy ty Ifi cay biiu hifin chii ring tir 40,00% ddn 46,66 %.
- Trong 4 giing nhfin tring phi bidn tai Hirng Yfin la nhan ling, Hvong Chi, Khofii Chfiu, Ha Tay, hai giing nhfin Ling vfi Hvong Chi thvfing cfi mat dfi nhfin E. Dimocarpi cao nhdt, trong nam nhfin cfi 2 dinh cao vfio thfi'i didm ddu thfing 4 vfi thfing 10 mfit dfi tvong D'ng Ifi 30,8 - 37,7 con/ngon vfi 23,2 - 27,2 con/ngon; ty Ifi hifin
hrpng chii ring cQng xudt hifin 2 dinh cao vfio cuii thfing 4 vfi cuii thang 10 tvong ing la 17,9 -19,8 %va 15,8-18,2%.
- cac bifin phfip canh tac cOng finh hvfing tfii hifin tvong chii ring: bifin phfip din 50 cm iam gifim t} Ifi HTCR xuing thdp nhdt, dfic bifit la giai doan cay nhfin tir 3-5 nfim tuii chidm 2,90 % d thfi'i diim 23 ngay sau khi din: si dgng phan bfin theo qui trlnh dfi han chd dvoc phfit sinh phfit tridn HTCR xuing cfin 16,6 % so vfi'i lfim theo tfip qufin nfing dan la 24,7%
sau 9 thang thvc hifin. Thuic Ortus S SC + SK Enspray 99EC cfi hifiu qufi phfing trv nhfin cao