Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bach Ho"
B A O C A O K ^ T Q U A THCT N G H I E M D A N H G I A
Hieu QUA SCf DUNG cAc T 6 HOP TAC NHAN SINH HOC VA HOA HOC NHAM
LAM SACH CAN SA LANG DAU THO NHI^U PARAFFIN M 6 DAU BACH H 6
Hoang Long, Le Vu Quan, Hoang Van Tham, Duang Thi Thang Vien Dau khi
ABSTRACT
Sedimentary residues ofparaffinic oil are complex of hard solids. The starting-soften temperature is 90-10(fC.
The total fluid temperature is 170-18CPC. Difficulty destroy by hot water or highly hot vapour steam, by mechanical or common chemical treatments. We have utilized biological and chemical combinations of cleaning agents of VPI and tested on the laboratory conditions compatibility to producing wells of the White Tiger oilfield.
The combinations of cleaning agents contain Enzyme Petroffin paraffinic liquids refined from the select fractions of distil oils, modified vegetable oils. The test procedure is conduced in the cut-part of actual steel tubes.
Heads of tubes are capped and placed in an inculator of special equipments of VPI. All works should be done at 20-15(fC and the atmosphere free, leave soak for 30 minutes - 7 days/24hours. Test results have demonstrated that the cleaning combinations of VPI are utilized in good for cleaning casings, tubings, pipelines and storages to raise productivity of oilfield.
I.DATVAND^
Can sa lang bao gdm eae cau tCr lang dgng bi keo theo ddng dau thd khai thac, thanh phan can sa lang se khae nhau, phu thudc thanh phan dau thd, eae qua trinh xCr ly gie'ng, trong gieng phu thudc vi tri sa lang, ngoai gieng phu thudc dp dai dudng dng, trong be ehUa phu thudc vi tri va nhiet do bao quan. Yeu td quan trgng nhat la nhiet do va tdc do ddng chat Idng d vi tri sa lang. Ndi chung, thanh phan chu yeu la eae hydrocarbon paraffin cd phan tCr lugng cao, cac loai nhua de bi bie'n tinh bdi eae tac nhan oxy hoa tu nhien, cac loai mudi vd ea, cac loai khoang vat, dac biet la cac loai keo ket dinh hinh thanh trong eae qua trinh khoan, khai thac, van chuyen, thu gom, tang tru, qua trinh xCr ly gieng, trong can ehUa mdt lugng nude man, nude mudi, nude bien, nude via, v.v... ma ngudn gdc cac cau tu hinh thanh trong can rat da dang va phUe tap.
Khao sat cac miu can sa lang bam theo thanh dng thep gie'ng khai thac (lay tU XN Khai thac - Vietsovpetro) va cac loai nude bien, nude man, nude tach tU dau khai thac khu vuc md Bach Ho, cho thay, thanh phan eua chung rat phUe tap. Nhiet dp chay mem bat dau 90-100°C, nhiet do chay Idng hoan toan 170-180°C, la mdt td hgp chat ran cUng, khd tay sach bang nude ndng va hai nude ndng; ty trgng 1,15-1,20. Viec sCr dung lam sach bang giai phap ca hoc va hoa hoc thdng dung gap nhieu khd khan.
Can sa lang dau thd nhieu paraffin da gay trd ngai nhieu cho qua trinh khai thac, van chuyen, thu gom, tang tru, lam giam dang ke san lugng khai thac va cdng suat thie't bi, may mdc van hanh, chinh vi vay, viec xCr ly la can thie't.
II. CAC K^T QUA THCT N G H I E M D A N H G I A H I E U Q O A SCT DUNG CAC T 6 HOP SINH HOC VA HOA HOC L A M S A C H C A N B A S A L A N G 6 DI^U K I E N PHONG THf NGHlfM TLTONG THiCH VCJI DI^U K I E N G I ^ N G KHAI T H A C
• Qua trinh thCr nghiem nhi/sau:
Cat dng thep cua cot dng gie'ng khai thac thanh tUng doan ngan, dai 300mm, dudng kinh ngoai 86mm, dudng kinh trong 74mm, Idp can dau sa lang phu trong thanh dng cd do day trung binh 25mm. Mdt dau dng bit
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Hdi thdo khoa hgc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bqch Hd "
kin. Rdt cac dung dich va dung mdi lam sach vao phan rdng ben trong eua doan dng (khoang khdng ed dudng kinh 49mm). Toan bd cdng viec tien hanh va khao sat trong thiet bi dac biet eua phdng khoan khai thac - Vien Dau khi d dieu kien nhiet do 20-150°C, ap suat tU ap suat khi quyen tdi 300atm, thdi gian u ndng tU 30 phut den 7 ngay dem.
Theo ddi tinh trang dng thep va lay dung dich ben trong, dem phan tich va danh gia ket qua thu dugc.
Dugi day la cac ket qua thu dugc qua eae qua trinh thCr nghiem vdi cac tac nhan sinh hoc va hoa hgc khaenhau:
1. Khi SLf dung cac tac nhan hoa hoc lam sach v6 cd
Chung tdi da sCr dung cac tac nhan hoa hgc vd ca la cac dung dich nude sau:
- Nude sinh hoat, nude bien, nude man va nude tach tU gie'ng khai thac dau md Bach Hd'.
- Cac dung djch axit nhu HCI (5% va 10%), HNO3 (5% va 10%), H2SO4 (5% va 10%), HF (5%) va CH3COOH(5%va10%).
- Cac dung dich bazd nhu NaOH (5% va 10%), KOH (5% va 10%) va NH^OH (5% va 10%).
Dieu kien thCr nghiem: Nhiet do 20-95°C, ap suat khi quye'n.
Ket qua cho thay: Hieu qua lam sach eua eae tac nhan hoa hoc vd ea rat kem, do hoa tan hay do phan tan khdng vugt qua 5mg/ml. Ngoai ra, cac tac nhan axit va kiem manh gay tac hai tgi mdi trudng, ddc hai cho ngudi va sinh vat bien, khdng bi vi sinh vat tu nhien phan huy, dac biet gay an mdn thie't bi rat manh. Do vay khdng the su dung lam tac nhan lam sach dugc.
2. Khi sir dung tac nhan lam sach la cac dung moi huTu cd halogien va dung moi hufli cd hydrocarbon thdm Cac dung mdi huu ea ed chUa halogien da dugc sCr dung la:
- Diehlometylen, ty trgng 1,157; nhiet do sdi 40,1°C; nhiet do bat chay-14°C.
- Diehloetylen, ty trgng 1,257; nhiet do sdi 83,5°C; nhiet do bat chay 14°C.
- Chloroform, ty trgng 1,446; nhiet dp sdi 61,2°C.
- Tetraehloroearbon, ty trgng 1,461; nhiet do sdi 76,7°C.
ThCr nghiem d nhiet do 20°C va 30°C, ap suat khi quyen.
Cac dung mdi hydrocarbon thdm da dugc su dung la:
- Benzen, ty trgng 0,879; nhiet do sdi 80,8°C; nhiet do bat chay 1 f C . - Toluen, ty trgng 0,866; nhiet do sdi 110,8°C; nhiet do bat chay 4°C.
- Xylen, ty trgng 0,880; nhiet do sdi 136-145°C; nhiet do bat chay 20-29°C.
ThCr nghiem d nhiet do 20, 30 va 40°C, ap suat khi quyen.
Ket qua khao sat, danh gia do hoa tan va phan tan can sa lang cho thay dung mdi halogien khdng qua 75,5 mg/ml (20°C) va 300,0 mg/ml (30°C). Dung mdi tham khdng qua 68,5 mg/ml (20°C) va 137,5 mg/ml (40°C).
Nhu vay, hieu qua lam sach la rat tdt.
Tuy nhien, eae dung mdi tren khdng the sCr dung de xCr ly lam sach d nhiet do cao va ap suat cao, vi chung de bay hai va de chay nd. Ngoai ra, chung cdn rat ddc hai cho ngudi va mdi trudng, khd bi vi sinh vat tir nhien phan huy, la cac chat huy diet vi sinh vat.
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Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sd thu hdi ddu md Bqch Ho"
3. Khi SLf dung 4 to hdp sinh hoc va hoa hoc cua Vien Dau khi (ky hieu VDK-CSL N^l, VDK-CSL N^2, VDK-CSL N^S va VDK-CSL NM) " ' "
Cac td hgp sinh hoa lam sach cua Vien Dau khi bao gdm cac dung dich hdn hgp chua Enzyme Petroffin (cua hang Charbon Group, My), eae paraffin Idng dugc tinh che tU cac phan doan chon Igc eua qua trinh chung eat chan khdng dau md (350-500°C) va hdn hgp eae loai dau an thi/c vat da dugc tinh che, tay mau va bie'n tinh (nhu dau lac, dau vUng, dau dUa, dau dau nanh). Nhiet do thCr nghiem d 20-150°C, ap suat tU ap suat khi quyen tdi 300atm, thdi gian u ndng tU 30 phut den 7 ngay dem.
Bd'n td hgp sinh hoa eua Vien Dau khi la cac tac nhan lam sach khdng gay ddc hai, khd chay, khd gay nd, khdng gay tac hai cho ngudi lam viec, gia sue va cac sinh vat bien, la eae tac nhan Cre che an mdn thie't bi rat ed hieu qua, dd bi phan huy bdi cac vi sinh vat tu nhien. Cac thanh phan eCia td hgp bao gdm eae chat sinh hgc va hoa hgc da tinh che, tay sach cac tac nhan gay ddc hai, khdng gay an mdn kim loai.
Enzyme Petroffin (cua hang Charbon Group, My) la mot loai enzyme tang eugng hieu qua lam sach, chung la mdt chat xCie tac sinh hgc tu nhien cd vai trd lam kich hoat qua trinh tham xuyen vao can dau thd sa lang, lam bien ddi cau true vat ly eua can, lam mem chung va eudi ciing phan tan chung d dang nhu tuang vao trong dau Idng hay nude bien, nude man. Sau dd chung lai kich hoat tang cudng qua trinh phan huy cua vi sinh vat ed trong mdi truang tu nhien.
Cac chat paraffin Idng la nhung hydrocarbon no ed cau true mach thang, mach nhanh hay mach vdng no (vdng naphten hay xyeloalkan), chung dugc tinh che lam sach tu cac phan doan chung cat dau md (350-500°C), sau khi da tach loai paraffin ran, tach loai hydrocarbon tham, cac cau true di vdng, da vdng, cac nhua va asphalten khae, nham loai bd eae tac nhan gay ddc hai cho mdi trudng sinh thai.
Hdn hgp cac loai dau an thi/c vat (dau lac, dau vUng, dau dUa va dau dau nanh) dugc tinh che lam sach bang eae phuang phap xCr ly axit, kiem, tay mau, sau dd xCr ly bie'n tinh nham tang qua trinh tham xuyen va phan tan can ban dau thd.
Vai trd eua paraffin Idng va dau an thi/c vat la tang dp hoa tan va do phan tan can ban dau thd, la chat dinh dudng tdt cho eae vi sinh vat tu nhien hoat ddng phan huy. Ty trgng cua chung 0,900-0,980, nhiet dp soi eija Chung tu 350 den 500°C, nhiet do bat chay (cdc hd) tU 135 den 190°C.
Mo hinh thi nghiem mo ta trong hinh ve:
m m
WM
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m.
ft
m
• > 2
> 3
1-Thanh dng thep
2- Can sa lang
3- Dung dich lam sach
4- Nap day kin
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Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bqch Hd "
Dudi day la ket qua khao sat:
Bang: Dp hoa tan (hay dp phan tan) eua can ban dau thd d cac nhiet dp khae nhau (mg/ml)
n
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Nhiet do, "C
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
100 120 150VDK-CSL N^l 0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 30.0 150.0 600.0
VDK-CSL m 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.5 2.5 5.0 10.0 40.0 220.0 900.0
VDK-CSL N^S 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 70.0 300.0 1200.0
VDK-CSL N54 0.3 0.7 1.5 3.0 6.0 12.5 25.0 95.0 380.0 1500.0
Ket luan va nhan xet:
Dp hoa tan cCia cac tac nhan sinh hoa tang theo nhiet dp rat rd rang, tuy theo dieu kien xCr ly, cd the ap dung cac phuang phap gia nhiet cho ed hieu qua kinh te cao.
4. De xuat y kien
Qua cac ket qua khao sat su dung eae tac nhan sinh hoc va hoa hgc d tren, chung tdi nhan thay, cac td hgp tac nhan lam sach cua Vien Dau khi rat thuan lgi cho qua trinh lam sach can ban sa lang eua dau thd nhieu paraffin bam dinh trong thanh dng gie'ng khai thac, dudng dng van chuyen, thu gom, cac be chua dau md Bach Hd. Dae biet, cd the lam sach can ban vung lan can day gie'ng md Bach Hd.
Chung tdi de nghi cho phep tien hanh thu nghiem sCr diing cac td hgp tren tai hien trugng de danh gia hieu qua su dung mdt each ehinh xac han.
