So 5 (247)-2Q16 NG6N NGC & Ddi S6NG 61
s o SANH TU Ttr
TRONG «Lirgnv SLirOfNG" CUA NGU'OfI TAY
RHETORIC COMPARISON IN "LUON SLUONG" OF TAY PEOPLE L E T H J NHU" N G U Y E T
(ThS-NCS; Dai hpc S u p h g m . DH Thdi Nguydn)
Abstract: In "luon sluong" (one kind of folk songs) of the Tay, the comparison includes 5 stractural types in which the basic absent structure is the most popular. Homogeneous structure may regularly be seen, especially is the similar comparison; and the diferential structure is rarely used. Factor which demonstrates the comparison correlation is made up by monosyllabic words and multisyllabic words, in which monosyllabic words are more popular. What are compared prcdominantiy are the human and the inner feeling world of human. What compare predominantly are the iconic phenomena of the natural world.
Key words: comparison; rhetoric comparison; structure.
1. D$t van de bdi hat ciu mua, ben cgnh dd cd xen nhihig bai 1) Ddn tpc Tay (cdn ed ten gpi khdc Id
Nggn, Phen, Thu Lao. Pa Di. Toy Ngm, Thd...) cd ddn s l 1.626.392 ngudi (nam 2009), cu tiii tfp tmng chu yiu d vimg Ddng Bdc, Tdy Bdc, rai rdc d mdt s l tinh Nam Trung bf vd Tdy Nguydn. Vdi be day lich sft, ngudi Tdy dS cd mft nen van hda phdt triln Idu ddi. Hp cd mft von van nghe truyen thing, ddc bift Id bf phfn vdn hpc din gian khd d l sf, da dgng, dfc ddo.
Hdt lupn la mft logi hinh ddn ea rit thdn thufc va gan gui ciia ngudi Tdy.
Cho den nay, khdi nifm "lugn" dupc hieu theo hai nghia rfng va hpp. Theo nghia rfng, lupn chi toan bp kho tdng ddn ca ngudi Tdy:
then (hdt then), Itegn quan lang (hdt ddm cudi), lugn phudi pdc (hatvi von, vin difu), lugn phong slu (hdt phong thu: bay td tinh yeu ddi
Ifta). Theo nghTa hep, lupn Id nhttng difu hat giao duyen cua ngucri Tdy. Ca hai cdch hilu dlu cd If, nhung pho biln hon la cdch hilu khdi nifm lupn tiieo nghTa hpp. Lupn Tdy gIm cd ba loai chu yiu: lugn sluong, lugn cgi. lugn Hai.
Sluang dupc hieu la "y^" thuong, tiiuong nhd"...; cgi la "thua gfti, gpi"; hai dupc hilu la
"tiang". Lupn cpi d l cgp din nhieu kWa cgnh cua cupc song: sinh hogt vgt chit, tinh thin, quan hf xd hfi gifta ngudi vdi ngudi, quan slmmg
nifm ve tdn gido tin ngudng va thi gidi quan co Zl.Cdc kiiu cau true so sdnh trong lugn xua. Npi dung ciia Itegn sluang cmg cd phan sluong
gilng lugn cgi, phin ndi v l cufc sing cd phin Trong 3 khdc lupn trong lupn sluang: lugn md nhgt hon, nfi dung thidn v l cdc khfa cgnh pdy tdng (lupn di dudng), Itegn su eac chuang
**phong hoa tuylt nguyft". Lugn hai la nhftng (cdc chuong lupn sft), bdi ca chiing chiie hdt ve tinh ydu nam nft.
2) Theo quan nifm cda tu tft hpc, so sdnh Id mft bifn phdp doi chilu cdc doi tupng khdc logi, cae ddi tupng cd the chi cd mft ndt giong nhau, thdm chi chi cd mft mli lidn hf sdu xa ndo dd, nhdm till hifn dii tupng dupc so sdnh mft each tgo hinh, bilu cdm vd lam nii bdt ban nhftng dfc dilm muon nhin mgnh, hudng tdi mft loi tri gidc mdi ve doi tupng. Ddy ciing Id bifn phdp tu tft tiiudng g?lp trong lupn sluang.
d bai viet ndy, chftng tdi tim hilu bifn phdp so sdnh tu tft trong ldi hat litgn sluong ciia ngudi Tdy.
3) Tim hieu bifn phap tu tft ttong ldi ca Itegn sluang ndy cd the cho thiy dupc mft s l dgc tnmg ngdn ngft nghf thudt cda ddn tfc Tay vd phin nao hilu dupc von vdn hda tmyIn thong cua ngucri Tdy.
4) Tu lifu trong bai vilt dupc thu thgp qua cuIn Liegn Tdy (Nhd xuit ban Vdn hda ddn tfc. 2012) do Hfi Vdn nghf ddn gian Vift Nam suu tim vd xuit bdn. CuIn sdch gIm cd hai phin: Lugn Toy Lgng San (do Hoang Vdn Pao lam chu bidn) va Ltegn sluong (do Phuong Bdng, LS Vdn Ld suu tim, phien dm vd dich).
2. Bae dilm cdch so sdnh tu tu' trong lupn
62 NG6N NGC & Ddi S6NG So 5 (247)-2Q16
(nhftng bai ca trinh chftc), cd 56 lupt so sdnh, vdi 5 kilu ciu trdc. So lupng cy thi efta cdc kilu ciu tnic nhu sau:
Bdng 1. Cdc kiiu cdu triic so sdnh STT
1 2 3 4 5
Ki^u cdu triic so sinh A + tss + B A + x + tss + B A + B A + x + B B + A
Silirgt 32(57.1%) 18(32.1%) 3(5.4%) 2 (3.6%) _ 1(1.8%) T6nEs6:56 (100%)
(A: cdi dugc so sdnh, x: co sd so sdnh. tss: td so sdnh, B: cdi so sdnh).
Bdng ting hpp trdn cho tiiiy:
0 dang day dft, ciu tnic so sanh tu tft gom 4 yiu tl:A + X + tss + B. Tuy nhien, trong lugn sluong khdng phdi md hinh ciu tide ciia so sdnh cung d dgng diy dft, trat ty cdc yiu t l cd thi b} thay dii hofc bdt mft so yiu to trong md Wnh.
- c i u true so sanh vdng co sd so sdnh A + tss+B dupc sft dyng 32/56 lupt, cWem 57.1%.
Kilu so sdnh ndy cdn cft vao ndt giong nhau gifta hai dii tupng d hai ve trong ciu trdc, tft dd nhfn ra dfc dilm cua dii tupng dupc mieu td.
Vidy:
L?o minh kdt dudi cdu duyin ua/ Dudng bSng bj'odc tdc phung tdu chiea (Hit long ydu lay bgn qud ua/ Gidng nhu dudi byi nd hoa mua) [10,324]
Sloong rd nhu bda hgi thuang cdn (Hai ta nhu budm lupn cung thucmg) [10,345]
Mmi toe ldng chdn nhu phdi phec (Suong roi xuIng sdn nhu bdng nd) [10,336]
Vui ve cyng nhu Tan vuong hgi (Vui miing sdnh tdy Tin vuong hfi) [10,362]
d ddy, 1^0 minh kit dudi cdu diiyin ua (Het ldng yeu liy bgn qud ua) la A dupc so sdnh bjodc tdc phung tdu chOa (dudi byi nd hoa mua) Id B, hai ve A, B dupc noi vdi nhau qua tss dudng bang (gilng nhu); sloong rd (hai ta) - A, bua hgi thuang can (budm lupn cimg thuong) - B, nhu - tss; Mudi tdc ldng chdn (sirong roi xuIng sdn) - A, phdi phec (bdng nd) - B, nAtt-- tss; vui vi (vui mftng) - A, Tdn vuang hgi- B, ctfitgnhu (sdnh tay) - tss,...
- c i u tnic so sdnh A+x + tss+B dirpc sft dyng 18/56, cWim 32.1%. Vidy:
Slip dinh mimg khit nd tdy chim (Mudi dinh Ipp kin ching bing chfta) [10,330]
Ngm tha li Igi tdc p^n phdn (Nude mfit roi ftanti^ti^mua) [10.378]
D^ sdc ndn nd nhir ming rogng ^ d n sSc kdu vang nhu ve gpi) [10,409]
Sloong tin khao dodc tua bjodc ng&t (Ddi chdn trdng non tya bgc rdng) [10,377]
d ddy, slip dinh (mudi dinh) Id A, mimg khit (Ipp kin) Id X, nd /<^ (ching bing) Id tss, chlia Id B; ngm tha (nude mdt) - A, li Igi (trdn til) - x,p$n (tya) - tss, phdn (mua) - B; ddn sdc - A, ndn nd (keu vang) - x, nhu - tss, m^ng rogng (ve gpi) - B; sloong tin (ddi chdn) - A, A/wo dodc (trdng ndn) - x, tyea - tss, bjodc ngdn (bgc r d n g ) - B . . .
- c i u tnic so sdnh A + B dupc sft d ^ g 3/56 lupt, chilm 5.4%. 6 kilu so sdnh ndy, cd ca sd so sanh vd tft so sdnh dlu ving mft. Vi dy:
Dgo nghia sloong rd fdy nd ndm (Tinh nghia hai ta Ifta mft nude) [10,305]
Ngc rogng meng than lite cdu md (Ve kfiu chim hdt (Id) h i n anh) [10,348]
Sloong ra pi nogng ndm tha vai (Hai ta (14) bgn nude mit rai) [10,386]
d day, dgo nghfa sloong rd (tinh ngWa hai ta) Id A, fay nd ndm (Ifta mft nude) Id B; Npc rogng meng than (ve kdu chun hdt) - A, /tic ciu md (bin anh) - B; sloong rd ^ i ta) - A, pi nogng ngm tha vai (bgn nude mdt roi) - B,
- Cau tnic so sdnh A + x + B dupc sft dgng 2/56 lupt, chilm 3.6%. Vf dy:
Thiin hg pgu dii an vdng vdc (Ngirdi thien hgbhihydn(nhu)cu) [10,318]
Net na ngdi nhdng ddy vpn v^n ^ d n g nft xem cdn nguyen (nhu) sing) [10,360]
d ddy, thien hg pgu (ngudi thidn hg) U A, du an (binh yen) Id x. vang vdc (cu) Id B; nit na (ddng ndt) - A, n^i nhdng day (xem c6n nguydn) - x, ve« vgn (sing).
- c i u true so sdnh B + A dupc sft dyng 1/56 lupt,cWim 1.8%. Vidy:
Fd mg quan khuai tiin idu chdm (Chdng re tya phd md tien rupu bdy) [10,409]
S6 5 (247)-2016 N G 6 N NGtr & B(n S 6 N G 63
^ O ddy, cai dupc so sanh quan khuoi (chdng gidi ty nWen mang tinh bilu tupng: J ^ (^ix^, re) - A,fdmg (phd ma) - B. Vj tii giiia cac dan ngm (nude), va/ bjodc O^oa), meng/ ngodng vi trong cau trfte ndy da thay dii: cdi so sdnh (ve), daofg (sao ti^), phdn (mua),...; hay la (BJ diyc dua ldn trudc cdi dupc so sdnh (A), 0 nhftng hlnh dnh hit sftc g^i gui, th&i thufc vdi kieu ciu tiHe ndy, tdc gia ddn gian muln nhin ding bdo Tdy: bdu, ngugn Od ngdn). cdy (gd), manh doi tupng so sdnh. _ , mgy (cdy), ldm (gid), phdi (bong), pudc nggn Nhu vfy, ciu trdc so sdnh vdng ca sd so (vd nh3n),pm5-c khoai (vd khoai),...; cd luc Igi sanh A+iss + Sdupc cdc nghf nhdn ddn gian
ua dCing ban cd, tilp dd Id cdc kilu A+x + tss +BiA +B;A +x+B;B+A.
2.2. Cdi dtx^c so sdnh, cdi so sdnh Cdi dupc so sanh vd cdi so sdnh trong lugn sluang thudng Id nhihig hlnh dnh hit sftc thdn thufc, gin gui vdi dong bdo Tdy.
Cdi dupc so sanh tiiudng Id nhdn vgt tiii tinh: pi, rd (anh), p6 m? (bo mp), thiiu nie (thieu nft), slao bdo (trai gdi), sloong rd (hai ta), nogng (em), qitan khuoi (chdng rl)..., Id thi
^di nfi tdm ciia con ngudi: dgo nghia (tlnh nghia), dang cd (trong ldng), vui vi\ Id gidity nWdn phong phft: ndm (nude), muoi toe (suong muli), ngc (chim), meng (ve), khdm khdc (chim kham khdc),...
Cdi so sdnh xuit Wfn trong lugn sluang thudng Id cae sy vdt hifn tupng thupc vl the
Bdng 2. Cdc tu nga bieu thf quan hj so sdnh
la nhttng nhdn vft efta till gidi sidu nWen, nhdn vft trong cdc tich co: tiin. Thuc Di. Hdng Nga, Tu Md, Ddi Linh, Phgm Tdi, Nggc Hoa. Luu Nguyin,...
Qua nhung hhih dnh hit sftc thdn thufc trong cufc sing binh d\, nhttng trgng thdi tam h6n,...dd giftp ngudi dpc mft lin ntta tilp cfn sdu sic ban ntta ddi sing npi tdm efta n g ^ Tay. Qua so sdnh, nhOng chit lifu phong phft cua d^ song tudng chimg qua quen thupc kia hlng trd ndn sing dfng, vdi nhttng Hdn tudng
2.3. Cdc td ngtt bieu thj quan h^ so sdnh Khdo sdt 56 lupt so sdnh, ta tiiiy cd 18 tii ngft bilu thj quan. hf so sdnh, dimg dl nii ve A va B, vdi tan sl nhu sau:
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Tb'ngfrsosdnh nhic (nhu) cluan^ b$ng (Ri6nfi nhu) p^n (nhu) (fly (bang)
duKmg b&iR (nhu, cOng tiy) 6^n^(nhu)
c^nfi nhu (s^nh tiy, gi6ng nhu)
* o ( t u a )
am
S6lirgrt 17(34.0%)
8(16.0%) 4(8.0%) 3(6.0%) 2(4.0%) 2(4.0%) 2(4.0%) 2(4.0%) 1(2.0%)
STT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
TfrngO* sosilnb cSm pi(vl bSng, vl nhu) long (nhu) c&n vl nhu (vl nhu, vi lang) pin (nhu)
<7U(i(bang) ni tiiy (chSng bang) j>n/H/(gi6ngnhu) IV (lm) ggi la (gidng nhu)
Sfilirgt 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) 1(2.0%) T6ng:50(100%)
Trong lugn sluong, tii ngtt bidu thi quan hf so sdnh tuong doi phong phu. Cdc tft ngtt nay khdng bilu thj sy ding nhat hoan todn, cW tuong ding d mpt khia cgnh ndo dd;cdm nhfn thien ve chft quan dupc sft dyng nhilu nhit (nhu, dudng bdng. t{ca. p4n. tdy,...). Yiu to bieu thi quan hf so sdnh dupc ciu tgo bdng cdc tft ngft don tilt (nhu, p^n, tdy. bdng, t\ea. tang
pin....) vd da tilt (dudng bdng dugng bgng.
cmg nhe. cdm vi nhu, nd tdy,...), trong dd tft ngtt don tilt cd tin sl xuit hifn ldn.
Tft ngft thufc so sdnh dong nhit chilm ti If cao, nhdm so sdnh tuang ty dupc sft dyng nWlu nhat:44/50 lupt, chilm 88% (nhu, cdm pi, edm vi nhu, y nhu, tu,...); nhdm so sanh ngang bing dupc sft dyng 5/50 lupt, chilm 10% (qud. tdy.
64 NG6N NGU" & Ddi S6NG S l 5 (247)-2016
la). Tft ngtt so sdnh trong so sanh di bift cW dupc sft dyng 1 lin, dd la so sdnh di biet kdm (nd toy); Khdng thay cd so sdnh d\ bift ban.
Sau ddy Id tin s l efta cdc tft ngtt so sanh trong cdc nhdm:
Bdng 3. Cdc tir ngu so sdnh trong cdc nhdm so sdnh
Kilu so sdnh dong
nhit di bift
ngang bdng tuongty di bift hon dj bift kdm
Sllupt 5(10%) 44(88%)
0 (0%) 1 (2%) Tong so: 50 (100%)
2.4. Vai trd cOa so sdnh tu tu trong lugn sluong
Nhu dd biet, vifc dii cWlu cdc sy vgt hifn tupng vdi nhau nhdm hudng tdi mft loi tri gidc mdi ve dii tupng. Nhd so sdnh, tdc gid ddn gian dd thi hifn mft cdch chdn thyc, sinh dfng loi tu duy trong sdng, bin nhien vd nhftng cung bgc tmh cdm day nhd thuang trong loi hdt giao duyen dfc dao cua dan tfc minh.
Trong 5 kieu ciu tnic so sdnh d iiegn sluong, hai kilu so sdnh dupc tdc gid ddn gian sft dyng nhieu nhat Id: A + tss + B, A + x + tss + B.
Kieu so sdnh vdng ca sd so sanhA + tes + B khiln ngudi dpc cd nhilu lidn tudng khdc nhau dl xdc djnh ndt gilng nhau giiia hai doi tupng d hai ve; cdi dupc so sdnh vd cdi so sanh. Tft dd phdt hifn ra dfc dilm cua doi tupng dupc so sdnh; Vdi ciu trdc so sdnh diy du A + x + tss + B, dii tupng so sdnh dupc diln td, mieu ta vdi nhttng hlnh dnh cy the, sinh dfng, giau tfnh bilucam.'Vf dy:
1^0 minh kit duoi cdu tdng noi/Diip bgn piton lai nd chu phuoi/ Ndc ngc ddng cd nhu tide ngm/Chde eg to hdng xe nd thdi (VisX long yeu liy bgn dit nguM/Ydu bgn buon qua qudn cd Idi/Canh cdnh trong long nhu khdt nude/
Ching bilt to hlng se hay thdi) [10,323].
d day, net tuang dong gifta cdi dupc so sanh ndc ngc dang cd (canh cdnh trong long) va cdi so sdnh ddc ndm (khdt nude) dd dupc an giiu di.Niem yeu thuong ddnh cho ngudi minh ydu cda nhdn vft trtt tinh ludn ludn thudng tryc trong ldng, khiln dio tdm bin khdng cdn yen tinh, luc ndo cung Ididc khoai nhd thuong. Noi
nhd, niem thuang dd dupc so sdnh bdng hinh anh'hit sftc cy the Id **con Ididf*.
Trong mft ldi hdt khdc:
M nhu min^ rogng than pjai mgy/Vdn miia thiiu bgn nd cdu thteong (Anh nhu ve keu trSn cdnh ngpn/Di v l khdng bgn chdng ai thuong [10.325].
Cdi dupc so sdnh Id rd (anh), cdi so sanh la meng rogng than pjai mgy (ve kdu tren canh ngpn). Tieng ve kdu trdn ngpn cdy mli khi hfe sang cft vang vpng midn man khdng dut nci ntii rftng, khdng Idi ddp trd, cung gilng nhu anh • cd dan. Id bdng khdng ngudi tiiuong ydu.
d mft cung bfc cdm xdc khdc, nhdn v|t nogng (em) gfti tdi chdng trai cdu tra ldi so sinh day y nghTa hdm in: Em da cd noi, cd chin, nhu pja pi du khe mdy (cd bien dd mic moi), n h u ^ ' a hdi tdu khe dd (cd biln da sa ludi) nhu trong vf dy dudi ddy:
Phdc cdm thuang dudi bgn di^n hdy/Nogng p^n pja pi du khe mdy/Nogng nhu pja hdi tdu khe dd/Hau pi tdng ddi hit ra day (Gfti ldi thuong tdi bgn ludi chai/Em nhu ca biln da mic moi/ Em nhu cd biln dd sa ludi/
Cho anh mong hdo phf cdng hodi) [10,346].
Cd khi hWh dnh ngudi con gai Igi dupc so sdnh:
Tgt cdm thuang doi bgn ehua tai/Nogngnhu plydc cdt tdn pd ddi/Pi d^ tinh pd cgi au khuni Ndo mi ndm nodng lyp pdy dai (Gfti \iA thirong tdi bgn tha thlet/Ein nhu rau cai mpc bai hoang/Anh d trdn cao hdy nhi lay/Khdng de nude lu Idn qudt han) [10,346].
Cai dupe so sdnh Id nogng (em), cdi so sanh la phjdc cdt tdn pd ddi (rau cdi mpc bai hoang), cdi dupc so sdnh nil vdi cdi so sanh qua tit so sanh nhu. Net tuong ding cua cua hw doi tupng ndy Id: Em chua cd ngucri thucmg, ciii^
gilng nhu bdi rau cdi kia khdng cd ngudi sd hftu. Cd gdi da khdng nggi ngin nhdn gdi ^ chdng trai: anh hdy ddn em ve nhd anh de ddi ta cimg chung mft nhd. Vdi so sdnh nay, ngucri dpc khdng khdi ngd ngdng trudc sy bgo d?n ciia cd gdi, ban nfia Igi Id ngudi con gdi ddn t$c thilu so. Ddy ciing Id ndt tfnh cdch dgc tnmg cua ngudi d&i tfc, hp tiidng tiiin, bfc tryc, ^ tiia.
s l 5 (247)-2016 NG6N NGU* & B(n S6NG 65
Khdng chi dem Igi gid ttj nhfn tiiftc, bdn canh dd so sdnh cdn dem Igi gid trj bilu cdm, ft nhieu bieu thj thdi dp, cdch ddnh gid, thih cdm cda ngudi ndi.
De ngpi ea vd dep efta ndng Chidu Qudn, ta g§p cdc so sdnh:
Chiiu Qudn tuai tdt thdm tdy tien (Chidu Qudn tuoi t i t dpp nhu tien) [10, 354]
Chiiu Qudn nd mjgc t\e binh va (Chieu Quan tuai dpp tya binh hoa) [10,356]
Thiiu n{e thanh tdn tdy bjodc qtty (Thilu nft thanh tdn nhu hoa quy) [10,356]
d day, Chieu Qudn/ thiiu nu (thilu nft) Id cai dupc so sanh (A), ttroi tSt, nd mjgc, thanh tdn (dep, tuai dpp, thanh tdn) la ca sd so sdnh (x), tdy, tu (nhu, tya) Id tft so sanh (tss), tiin, binh va, bjodc quy (tidn, binh boa, hoa quy) Id cai so sanh (B). Vd dpp eiia nang Chidu Qudn da dupc dfc gid cam nhgn rd ndt, cy thi qua hang logt cdc so sdnh. Ndt dpp i y cd luc dupc so sdnh vdi vd dpp ciia n h ^ vft sidu nhidn trong than thogi - tien, mft ve dpp hoan hao, tuyft dii; cd khi vd tuoi dpp, tuoi trd, trong tidng cda nang Igi dupe so sdnh vdi binh va (binh hoa), hoa qity (hoa quy) - mft bilu tupng vdn hda ciia ngudi Tdy bieu tnmg cho vd dpp rye rd, thanh khilt cua tuli trd, vd d?p cda If tudng, ve dpp cao qu^ cua mudn loai.
Hofc trong mft so sdnh khdc:
Day ngugn md rudn ndn^ vgn than/Tdng khap huong ldn thudn mgi edn/Ndm tha li Igi tdc p$n ngm/Cdng khd pd me cdn Uing khun (Ld ngdn mang ve ndng bd t h a n ^ f ng ldng dau xdt mpi ngudi than/Nude mdt Id chd roi nhu nirdc/Khd nhpc b l mp dgy ldn khdn) [10, 380].
Sy xdt thuang trudc sy ra di cda ndng Bjodc Lom dupc till hifn bdng so sdnh hit sftc hhih tupng; nude mdt cft roi khdng dftt nhu ddng nude.
Cdy khdn dvc ode tgi khdn chin/Xiit igi sloong rd tide moc can/Kin khem ldng cd khdm nhu ngudn/Dudng nam tha tdc y khon ndn (Gd gay dgo chai ga gdy tran/Dau xdt ddi ta mft xdt tiiuong/Nuot mieng com vdo ddng Id ngdn/
Canh rai nude mdt kho trdm dudng) [10, 304]
Ndi v l nSi nhd thuong efta nhdn vdt trft tinh nha tha dd dung hinh dnh kin khdu long cd
(nult miing com) - A ma dg khdng ngon, chi cam nhdn dupc vj khdm (ddn^ - x de so sdnh vdi ngugn (Id ngdn) - B mft logi cdy chfta nhilu dfc t l thudng g§p ttong nhttng cdnh rung rdm cda ding bdo dan tfc.
Dft thi hifn so s ^ bdng ciu tnic nao nhung tdc gid dan gian ludn mang din cho ngudi dpc nhihig cdch nWn mdi md qua sy dien dgt bdng nhttng hinh dnh so sanh hit sftc ddc dao.
3. Ket lufn
Nghien cftu so sdnh tu tft trong lugn sluang khdng chi giftp ngucri dpc khdm phd dupc phin nao each thftc t l chftc ngdn ngft nghf tiiuft, md edn phan nao hilu dupe vln vdn hda truyln thing efta ngudi Tay dupc phan dnh ttong loai Wnh dan ca dgc sdc ndy. De cd cdi nhin day dii sau sic han nua ve ngdn ngft nghf thugt ttong lugn sluang ndi ridng, ddn ca Tdy ndi chung, cin tim hieu kT cdng han d nhttng phuang difn khdc: thi tho, vin tho, cdc ldp tft ngu... Ve m^t phong cdch hpc, can tim hilu thdm cdc bifn phdp tu tft khac: i n dy, nhdn hda, hodn dy...
TAI LI|:U THAM K H A O 1. Luang Bdn (chd bidn) (2011), Tddien Tdy - Vi$t, Nxb Dgi hpc Thdi Nguyen.
2. Dd Diic Hilu (chii bidn) (2004), Tu diin Vdn hgc, Nxb Thi gidi.
3. Vi Hlng (1979), Sii lugn ddn ca tra tinh Tdy Nitng Nxb Vdn hda, H.
4.Dinh Trpng Lgc (1998), Phong cdch hgc tiing Viit, Nxb Gido dye, H.
5. Dmh Trpng Lgc (2005), 99phuang ti?n vd bifn phdp tutd tiing Vi^t, Nxb Giao dye, H.
6. Nguyin Thi Ljch (1988), Cdc yiu to vd cdu true so sdnh ngM thugt tieng Vi^t, so phy ciia T/c Ngdn ngft, s l 1.
7. Hodng Vfin Pdo, Cao Thj Hai (2012), Li hgi ddn gian ddn tgc Tdy, Nxb Vfin hda Ddn tfc, H.
8. Tg van Thdng - chu bidn (2009), 71m hiiu ngon ngji cdc ddn tgc a Viit Netm, Nxb Khoa hpc Xahfi,H.
9. Cu Dinh Td (1983), Phong cdch hgc vd dgc diim tu ta tiing Vi^t, Nxb Dgi hpc & Trung hpc chuydn nghifp, H.
NGf Lii:u
10. Hfi Vfin nghf Dan gian Vift Nam (2012), Lugn Tdy, Nxb Vdn hda Dan tfc, H.